� AS WITH ALL SUBCULTURES:
� MEMBERS LOOK OUT FOR EACH OTHER
� VALUES ARE DIFFERENT FROM MAINSTREAM SOCIETY
� SHARED EXPERIENCES BIND MEMBERS TOGETHER
� MEMBERS SHARE A LANGUAGE (CALLED AN ARGOT)
PRISONIZATION
� ACCEPTING THE VALUES OF PRISON SOCIETY
� YOU ALWAYS VALUE WHAT IS RARE
� IF YOU CAN'T GET WHAT YOU WANT, YOU MAY SETTLE FOR SOMETHING CLOSE
� IN PRISON, FREEDOM, HETEROSEXUALITY, AUTONOMY AND SECURITY ARE RARE
PRISON HOMOSEXUALITY
� A FACT OF LIFE IN PRISON
� BETWEEN 4.7 AND 28% OF ALL INMATES ARE VICTIMS
� MANY INMATES ARE HOMOSEXUAL WHILE IN PRISON ONLY
� SEX MAY NOT BE THE PRIME MOTIVATING FACTOR
CORRECTIONAL OFFICERS
� FORMERLY "PRISON GUARDS"
� NOW BETTER EDUCATED (A LIVE-IN ACADEMY IN CALIF.)
� PAY SCALE NEARLY SAME AS CHP IN CALIF. (OVER $72,000 A YEAR)
PRISON RIOTS
� SIMILAR TO STREET RIOTS OR REVOLUTIONARY WARS
CAUSES OF RIOTS
� INSENSITIVE PEOPLE IN CHARGE
� PEOPLE WILLING TO DO VIOLENCE
� DEHUMANIZING CONDITIONS
� A PERCEIVED NEED TO "CLEANSE"
� WEAK LEADERSHIP - A "POWER VACUUM"
STAGES IN RIOTS
� THE INITIAL EXPLOSION (SIZE OF EXPLOSION BASED ON AMOUNT OF FUEL, NOT SIZE OF SPARK)
� ORGANIZATION
� CONFRONTATION
� TERMINATION (THROUGH NEGOTIATION OR CONFRONTATION)
WOMEN IN PRISON
� APPROX. 15 MEN FOR EVERY WOMAN
CHARACTERISTICS OF A TYPICAL FEMALE PRISON INMATE
� NON-WHITE
� FROM SINGLE-PARENT HOME
� HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUT
� ARRESTED 2 TO 9 TIMES BEFORE
� RAN AWAY FROM HOME
� SINGLE PARENT
FORCED SEX IN FEMALE PRISONS RARE
� MAKE-BELIEVE FAMILIES
� MANY WOMEN HOMOSEXUAL WHILE IN PRISON ONLY
PRISONER RIGHTS
� PRIOR TO MAPP v. OHIO THE U.S. SUPREME COURT DEALT ONLY WITH FEDERAL ISSUES, BUT...
� MOST PRISON INMATES ARE IN STATE PRISONS, SO...
� THE FEDERAL COURTS HAD A HANDS-OFF ATTITUDE, AND...
� ONE STATE COURT EVEN SAID PRISON INMATES SUFFERED A KIND OF CIVIL DEATH.
� THEN MAPP v. OHIO APPLIED THE U.S. CONSTITUTION TO THE STATES, SO...
� THE U.S. SUPREME COURT THEN BEGAN TO ANALYZE PRISONER RIGHTS UNDER THE CONSTITUTION, BUT...
� THE CONSTITUTION SAYS NOTHING ABOUT INMATE RIGHTS, SO...
� INMATES APPARENTLY KEEP THEIR CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS, BUT...
� THAT CAN'T ALWAYS WORK. THE RIGHT TO BEAR ARMS, FOR EXAMPLE, CAN'T APPLY TO INMATES, SO...
� THE U.S. SUPREME COURT ESTABLISHED A BALANCING TEST IN PELL v. PROCUNIER.
� INMATES LOSE THE RIGHTS THAT COMPROMISE THE SECURITY OF THE PRISON. THEY KEEP ALL OTHER RIGHTS.
INMATE COMMUNICATIONS
� INMATE MAIL MAY BE READ AND CENSORED
� INMATES MAY BE KEPT FROM RECEIVING PUBLICATIONS OF A SEXUAL NATURE
� MERE NUDITY IS NOT BANNED
INMATE RELIGION
� INMATES MUST BE GIVEN REASONABLE OPPORTUNITIES TO PRACTICE THEIR RELIGIONS
� AN INMATE ASKING FOR A QUARTZ CLOCK, SEA SALT, SULFUR AND A HOODED ROBE GOT ALL BUT THE HOOD ON THE ROBE
INMATE VISITATION
� NO CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTION
� IF INMATE VISITS ARE SECURITY RISKS, ALL VISITS MAY BE BANNED
INMATE ACCESS TO THE COURTS
� SINCE ACCESS TO COURTS IS NO SECURITY RISK, PRISONS MAY NOT LIMIT THE ACCESS
� PRISONS MUST ALLOW INMATES TO HELP EACH OTHER IN LEGAL MATTERS
� PRISONS MUST PROVIDE TRAINED PERSONNEL OR LAW LIBRARIES
INMATE MEDICAL CARE
� PRISONS MAY NOT SHOW "DELIBERATE INDIFFERENCE" TO INMATE HEALTH MATTERS
� PRISONS REQUIRED TO PROVIDE HEALTHFUL ENVIRONMENTS - MANY PRISONS ARE NOW NON-SMOKING
INMATE PRIVACY
� NO REASONABLE EXPECTATION OF PRIVACY
� INMATES AND THEIR CELLS MAY BE SEARCHED WITHOUT REASONABLE SUSPICION OR PROBABLE CAUSE
CURRENT PRISON ISSUES
� AIDS - 10% OF NEW YORK INMATES ARE HIV-POSITIVE
� ABOVE PROBABLY BECAUSE OF TATTOOING, INTRAVENOUS DRUG USE AND UNPROTECTED HOMOSEXUAL ACTIVITY
� GERIATRIC INMATES - BECAUSE OF LONGER SENTENCES, AVERAGE INMATE AGE IS GOING UP
� MENTALLY ILL INMATES - 16% HAVE SOME FORM OF MENTAL ILLNESS