Appendix A - Commonly used and default usernames/passwords
root: root
sys: sys / system / bin
bin: sys / bin
mountfsys: mountfsys
adm: adm
uucp: uucp
nuucp: anon
anon: anon
user: user
games: games
install: install
demo: demo / tour / guest
umountfsys: umountfsys
sync: sync
admin: admin
guest: guest
daemon: daemon
qadmin: adm / admin
sys: sys system / bin
123: lotus / lotus123
anonuucp: anon / uucp
asg: device / devadmin
backup: save / tar
csr: support / castup
dbcat: database / catalog
default: user / guest
diag: diag / sysdiag(s)
field: fld / test / support
end: visitor / demo / tour
informix: database
ingres: database
lib: library / syslib
lp: print / lpadmin /
main: sysmaint / service
mail: mail / email / phones
manager: mgr / man
ncrm: ncr
net: netowrk
netinst: inst / install / net
netman: net / man / mgr
netmgr: mgr / man / net
network: net
nobody: anon
nuucp: anon
oasys: oa
odt: opendesktop
oper: operator / sysop
sysop: sysadm / sysop
ftp: ftp / anon / anonymous
telnet: telnet
visitor: anon / guest
www: webmaster / webadmin
Appendix B - Unix commands
Here are some basic commands that work on most Unix flavors
cd [dir] change directory to [dir]. cd with no arguments will place you in your home directory.
pwd tells you what directory you're currently in.
ls lists the files in your pwd
ls -a lists all files in your pwd, even hidden files (files that begin with a period)
ls -l lists the files in your pwd, and gives the permissions for them
cat [file] displays the file you argue on the screen, equivalent to 'type' in DOS
vi, emacs, and pico text editors, similar to MS-DOS Edit
man [command] gives you the manual (help pages) on a particular command - USE THIS!!!
cp [src][dst] copy a file
rm [file] delete a file
mv [file] move or rename a file
mkdir create a directory
chmod change permissions of a file you own
grep search a file for a particular string
talk chat with a user
mail, pine and elm email utilities
Also, if you are familiar with DOS redirects, appends, and pipes, they work similarly in Unix. Remember, when in doubt, RTFM!
Appendix C - Further Reading
There are lots of text on hacking and Internet security out there, and a few books as well. As stated at the beginning of this one, a large portion of those are vague and too theorized to be of use to anyone. So here is a small collection of recommended reading I put together.
Texts
Hacking Kit (www.hackers.com) - focuses on UNIX hacking, and has lots of c code for various utilities and exploits.
Hacker's Desk Reference (www.hackersclub.com/km/fils/hfiles) - focuses on NT and Windows Networking environments. A great resource, but might be a bit much for newbies.
Guides to Mostly Harmless Hacking (www.happyhacker.org) this series are great for green hackers. They provide step-by-step methods and techniques on a variety of topics, from encryption to Windows hacking, to Unix, etc.
Books
Maximum Security - "The Hacker's Bible." This book will not give you step-by-step instructions on how to hack. If you already know a lot of the basics, this book is a must. The second edition is about two inches thick. Even when you become "elite," this book is a great reference to have around.
Happy Hacker - a compilation of the GtMHH's. A good book for aspiring hackers.
Inside TCP/IP - gives you a wide knowledge of the protocol used on the Internet, and explains how to use it to set up all kinds of servers (web, FTP, etc).
The Big Unix Book - you will need to know Unix, so grab this book too.
Windows NT Core Technology - if you want to know the inner workings of NT, grab this one too.
The Rainbow Books - priceless resources to any hacker... but I won't tell you any more.
Appendix
D - Commonly known UDP and TCP ports
PORT NUMBERS
The port numbers are divided into three ranges: the Well Known Ports,
the Registered Ports, and the Dynamic and/or Private Ports.
The Well Known Ports are those from 0 through 1023.
The Registered Ports are those from 1024 through 49151
The Dynamic and/or Private Ports are those from 49152 through 65535
WELL KNOWN PORT NUMBERS
The Well Known Ports are assigned by the IANA and on most systems can
only be used by system (or root) processes or by programs executed by
privileged users.
Ports are used in the TCP [RFC793] to name the ends of logical
connections, which carry long-term conversations. For the purpose of
providing services to unknown callers, a service contact port is
defined. This list specifies the port used by the server process as
its contact port. The contact port is sometimes called the
"well-known port".
To the extent possible, these same port assignments are used with the
UDP [RFC768].
The assigned ports use a small portion of the possible port numbers.
For many years the assigned ports were in the range 0-255. Recently,
the range for assigned ports managed by the IANA has been expanded to
the range 0-1023.