Types of Mass Wasting

 

Match with the numbers.

 

Slope processes	Definitions
Soil creep 土蠕
Solifluction 泥流
Slip / Slump滑動
Slide 傾瀉
Flow 流動
Fall 崩陷
Sheetwash 片蝕
Rainsplash 雨水濺擊

 

 

1.          Slow mass movement of soil downslope. Occurs where the stresses on the slope material are too small to create a rapid failure. Soil creep

緩慢的塊體移動。出現在下滑力很小的坡面上。

 

2.          Form of mass movement where fine textured sediments and soil mix with water to create a liquid flow. Mudflow

幼細的物料及泥土與水混和一起，形成一個液態的流動。

 

3.          Processes associated with daily and seasonal cycles of freezing and melting.

由於每日或每季的結冰融冰交替而出現的過程。

 

4.          Type of mass movement that involves the detachment and movement of a small block of rock from a cliff face to its base. Normally occurs when the rock has well defined bedding planes that are exaggerated by freeze-thaw action or thermal expansion and contraction. Rock fall

在一個懸崖面上一些細塊的岩塊下陷至其底部。通常發生在層面結構清晰的岩石上，有利凍裂作用或熱力膨脹及收縮。

 

5.          The erosion of soil by overland flow. Normally occurs in concert with rainsplash. Rainwash

土壤因表面流動而形成的侵蝕。通常出現與雨水濺擊一同作用。

 

6.          Large scale mass movement of rock materials downslope. Rock slide

大規模的岩石物料作出的塊體移動。

 

7.          General term that describes the downslope movement of sediment, soil, and rock material.

風化物、土粒和岩石物料沿坡面下移運動的統稱。

 

8.          Form of mass movement in environments that experience freeze-thaw action. It is characterized by the slow movement of soil material downslope and the formation of lobe-shaped features.

在凍裂作用出現的地區出現的塊體移動。其特徵為土壤粒子往下坡的緩慢移動，形成緩慢移動的地表特徵。Solifluction

 

9.          The removal of loose surface materials by overland flow. Process of erosion. Sheetwash

鬆散物料因表面流動而被運送。侵蝕的過程。

 

10.      Soil erosion caused from the impact of raindrops. Rainsplash

因雨水滴的影響而形成的土壤侵蝕。

 

11.      Form of mass movement where material moves suddenly along a curvilinear plane. Also called a rotational slip. Rotational slip / slump

物料沿著彎曲的表面突然的移動。

 

 

 

 

Types of Mass Wasting