Civil disobedience - Civil disobedience is when one refuses to obey unjust laws. Gandhi respected everyone; however, when it came to unjust laws, he could not just sit there obeying there; therefore, he believed in civil disobedience.
Diego Rivera - Diego Rivera studied painting and are in Europe. When he came back to Mexico, his painting became bold and gave a new style of are that drew on Mexican folk art.
Hirohito - Emperor of Japan, Hirohito, reigned from 1926 to 1989. During those decades, Japan experienced remarkable successes and appalling tragedies. Perhaps, this was the best time of Japan because they had such good ruling.
Jiang Jieshi - Jiang Jieshi took over the Guomindang after Yuxian Sun died. He was determined to reunite China, but had very little interest in either democracy or communism
Muhammad Ali Jinrah - The Muslim League gained an able leader during the 1930�s and he was Muhammad Ali Jinrah. He represented the Muslim interests within the Congress party and threw his support behind the idea of a separate state for Muslims, which was Pakistan.
Nationalization - Nationalism is when the government takes over something. In Latin America, their Constitution of 1917 permitted the breakup of large estates, placed restrictions on foreigners owning land, and allowed nationalization of natural resources.
Pancho Villa - one of the radical leaders was Francisco �Pancho� Villa, who was a hard-riding rebel from the north. He fought mostly for personal power but won the intense loyalty of his peasant followers.
Cause of the 1910 Mexico Revolution - the cause of it was because peasants were always hungry and factory workers an miners earning meager wages were restless and angry. Also, middle-class liberals, who embraced the ideals of democracy, opposed the Diaz dictatorship.
Pan-Africanism - During the 1920s, a movement known as Pan-Africanism began to nourish the nationalist spirit and emphasized the unity of Africans and people of African descent around the world. They tried to forge a united front.
Mandate System (M. East) - The mandates were territories administered by European nations. They were set up by the Paris Peace Conference in which outrages Arabs.
Great Salt March - In Gandhi�s perspective, the government salt monopoly to maintain their government was an evil burden on the poor and a symbol of British of British oppression. So he and his followers went on a long march in order to get things right.
May Fourth Movement - On May 4, 1919, student protests erupted in Beijing and later spread to cities across China. Student protest set off a cultural and intellectual ferment known as the May Fourth Movement.
Effect of Great Depression in Japan - Trade in Japan suffered as foreign buyers could no longer afford Japanese silks and other exports. This was a devastating time for them because trade was a major thing in Japan.
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general strike - General strike is a strike organized by workers in many different industries at the same time. In 1926, a general strike lasted for nine days and involved some three million workers, which shows how effective this strike is.
Stream of consciousness - In a stream of consciousness a writer probes a character�s random thoughts and feelings without imposing any logic or order. As Freud�s ideas became popular, some writers experimented with a stream of consciousness.
Flapper - The reigning queen of the Jazz Age was the liberated young woman called the flapper. The first flappers were American but their European sisters soon adopted the fashion.
Concentration camp - these horrifying camps were detention centers for civilians considered enemies of the state. Jewish people and others were sent to these concentration camps because Hitler was freaking gay.
Leon Blum - In 1936, several parties united behind the socialist leader Leon Blum. His popular front government tired to solve labor problems and passed some social legislation.
Marie Curie - In early 1900s the Polish-born French scientist Marie curie and other scientists were experimenting with a process called radioactivity. They discovered that the atoms of certain elements, such as radium and uranium, spontaneously release charged particles.
Franklin D. Roosevelt - In 1932, the Americans elected a new president, Franklin D. Roosevelt. He projected an air of energy and optimism. He introduced the New Deal, a massive package of economic and social programs.
Virginia Woolf - Virginia Woolf was a British novelist and used stream of consciousness to explore the hidden thought of people as they go through the ordinary actions of their everyday lives.
Albert Einstein - In 1905, a German-born physicist Albert Einstein advanced his theories of relativity. Even nowadays people talk of him being the smartest, intelligent man ever and he is probably most famous for his equation of E=mc2
James Joyce - He was an Irish novelist who explored the mind of a hero who remains sound asleep throughout his novel. To convey his freedom and playfulness of the unconscious mind, he invented many words like the crazy one that is 100 letters long.
Pablo Picasso - Before the war, the Spanish artist Pablo Picasso and his friend Georges Braque created a revolutionary style called cubism. They broke 3-D objects into fragments and composed them into complex patterns of angles and planes.
Joseph Pilsudski - He became dictator in Poland in 1926. Eventually, right-wing dictators emerged in every eastern European country except Czechoslovakia and Finland.
Frank Lloyd Wright - he was an American architect and reflected the Bauhaus belief that the function of a building should determine its form. In designing houses, he used materials and forms that fir their environment.
Kellog-Briand Pact - United States took a leading role in international diplomacy. It sponsored the Kellogg-Briand Pact, pressed for disarmament, and worked to reduce German reparations.
Fascism - Germany became Europe�s second fascist state. Germans of all classes responded to Hitler�s hypnotic speeches and programs, which restored their national pride.
Adolph Hitler - Hitler was the leader of Germany during the time of World War II. He was able to persuade everyone that the Jewish people were the cause of all Germany�s bad happenings and was able to make everyone agree to send all Jewish people to concentration camps.
Totalitarian rule - In order to achieve all of his goals, Hitler organized a brutal system of terror, repression, and totalitarian state. The Nazis controlled all areas of German life from government to even the schools and religions.
Mein Kampf - Mein Kampf was a book that Hitler wrote and it reflected Hitler�s obsessions like extreme nationalism, racism, and anti-Semitism. He wrote this book while he was in prison.
Campaign against the Jews - Hitler tried to drive the Jewish people out of Germany. He placed severe restrictions on them like prohibiting them from marrying non-Jews, attending or teaching German schools or universities, holding government jobs, and practicing law or medicine, and from writing books.
Great Depression - Germany went into Great Depression and Hitler promised to solve the economic crisis and restore German greatness. This is how many people believed in him, and Hitler was able to easily blame everything in the Jewish people.
Mussolini - Mussolini made himself dictator in the 1920s where his rise to power served as a model for ambitious strongmen elsewhere in Europe. He organized his supporters into combat squads where they rejected the democratic process in favor of violent action.
Weimar Republic - In 1919, the new German Republic drafted a constitution in the city of Weimar. The constitution set up a parliamentary form of government led by a prime minister or chancellor.
Kristallnacht - these were riots where the Nazis led mobs to attack the Jewish Communities all over Germany. Kristallnacht brought such bad publicity to Hitter�s Germany that it was not repeated.
List causes of Great Depression - The Weimar Republic faced severe problems from the start. It was weak because Germany had many small parties. Economic disaster fed unrest. Inflation spread misery and despair.