1. Identify:
Socrates � a philosopher that believed that �the unexamined life is not worth living.� He encouraged those around him to examine their deepest beliefs and ideas.
Aristotle � Plato�s most famous student developed his own ideas bout the best kind of government. Like Plato he was suspicious of democracy.
Parthenon � the most famous Greek temple, which was dedicated to the goddess Athena.
Aeschylus � One of the best playwrights in Athens that drew tales of the Trojan Wars in the Oresteia.
Sophocles � explored what happens when an individual�s moral duty conflicts with the law of the state.
Euripides � survived the horrors of the Peloponnesian War. His plays suggested that people were the cause of human misfortune.
Herodotus � often called the �Father of History.� Visited many lands collecting information from people who remembered the events he chronicled.
Thucydides � wrote about the Peloponnesian War. He had lived through the war and vividly described its savagery and its corrupting influence on all those involved.
2. Define:
Rhetoric � the art of skillful speaking.
Tragedy � plays that told stories of human suffering that usually ended in disaster.
Comedy � humorous plays that mocked people or customs.
3. What standards of beauty did Greek artists follow?
The work of Greek artists and architects reflected the same concern with form and order.
4. How were Greek plays performed? What themes did Greek playwrights explore?
Plays were performed outdoors in large theaters. There was little or no scenery. Actors wore elaborate costumes and stylized masks. Playwrights explored moral and social issues, or explored the relationship between people and the gods.
5. Why did Plato reject democracy as a form of government? Describe the ideal government set forth in Plato�s Republic?
He was suspicious of democracy, which he thought could lead to mob rule. Plato favored rule by a single strong virtuous leader.