When the Manchu tribes conquered China and replaced the Ming Dynasty with their own dynasty, called the Qing Dynasty, the Manchu Emperors did not fully integrate their homeland into China. Instead Manchuria remained somewhat isolated from the rest of China. After the Qing Dynasty collapsed in 1912, Manchuria conquered by Chinese warlord. Local people started to fight for independence. Since 1932, Manchuria gained its independence and became an independent nation. Puyi was the chief executive in 1932 but two years later he was declared Emperor of Manchukuo with the era name of "Kang De" or "Tranquility and Virtue". Zheng Xiaoxu served as Manchukuo's first prime minister until 1935, when Zhang Jinghui succeeded him.
