BDTVEC HND Electrical Communication and Computing Engineering
Intake 28
Lin kim siong
1. What is website?
Website is a collection of one or more web pages grouped under the same domain name.
You must have three things to put a web site on the internet:
2. What is web hosting?
A web host stores your web site so that when someone types in your domain name your web site appears on their computer.
Some of the Free web host available :
Assignment 2
HARDWARE
1. List down different kind of motherboard for the pc.
2. What is the different between AX and ATX motherboard? Sketch the layout of the two
motherboards.
motherboard.
for an ATX, it is in parallel to the expansion slot.
of the motherboard where as for an ATX , it is parallel to the narrow edge of the
motherboard.
3. List the pins number of various kind of connector on the motherboard and at the back
of the PC.
On the motherboard :
4. What are the DC voltages we can find from the DC power supply?
+12V
5. List down the electrical problem we are facing when operating our PC?
electrical problems can come from outside the PC entirely (a frayed power cable, a bad
socket, a dying UPS battery) or from within it (a failing system power supply, a faulty
soft switch).
6. What are ESD, EMI and RFI?
8. List various kinds of RAM and their pin numbers.
OPERATING SYSTEM
1. What is the function of OS?
Operating system is an interface between hardware & user which is responsible for the
management and wordination of activities & sharing resource of computer
2. List down some of the OS that we can use in a small computer?
GUI, Multi-user, Multiprocessing, Multitasking and Multithreading
3. What is the different between text based and graphic base OS?
A text based OS is an OS which doesn't have desktop just text. to let the OS do
something, you need to type the command.
graphic based OS has a desktop and isn't just text on your screen. Windows 3.1 was the first graphic based OS.
4. List down some of the internal and external command of the text based and briefly
explain the function of these command.
cd- change directory
dir- list the directory
cls-clear screen
Fdisk-create set,delete and display partition
Format-format primary partition
Setup-inatall operating system
5. What is FDISK used for and then list down the menu that we can find under FDISK.
Fdisk is used to create or delete partition in the hard drive.
Create, set and display partition menu can be found
6. Explain briefly what File System is.
File system is a method for storing and organizing computer files and the data they
contain to make it easy to find and access them
7. What is the different between physical and logical drive?
Physical disk is the actual tangible unit of hardware of a disk
Logical disk is a device that provides an area of usable storage capacity on one or more
physical disk drive component in a computer system.
8. List down the complete steps on how to install Windows 98 OS?
1.start up win98
2.press key to the BIOS setup
3.By pressing F2
4.Detect Drive
5.Select 2)Boot from CD,
then set the setting to
1.Hard disk drive
2.From floppy A;
6.Click F10 to save
7.On the screen
8.enter Fdisk for partitioning
9.select from the menu, create
10.Then choose from list to create a primary disk drive
11.Then setup the no.of drive u want it to have,
12.Then save, then partition is made
13.Then set the partition to be set active
14.Then restart the program by clicking ctrl+Alt+Delete
15Then go to D:\ then to f:\
16.enter format,to format your disk
17.Then the win98 is Setup
9. What is the different between basic and dynamic disk?
Basic disks are the ones that IT pros are most familiar with, and the typical terms and
technologies apply.
Dynamic disks support new features and sport new terminology.
ASSIGNMENT 4 – PRINTER AND NETWORK
1. List down the types of printer and explain briefly.
Dot-matrix printers use a set of closely spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other characters on a page. These printers actually impact the page to print a character, much like a typewriter. Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the number of pins they have.
Bubble jet printer spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a page to create an image. This is achieved by using magnetized plates which direct the ink's path onto the paper in the desired pattern. Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard, in varying degrees of resolution.
Laser printer operates by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a drum. Finally, using a combination of heat and pressure, the ink on the drum is transferred onto the page. Laser printers print very fast, and the supply cartridges work a long time.
2. What are stages we need to know when troubleshooting laser printer?
Drum Cleaning
Primary charge
Laser beam exposure
Developing
Transfer and separation
Fusing
3. Why we are still using DOT matrix printer?
Dot matrix printers, like any impact printer, can print on multi-part stationery or make carbon-copies.
It has one of the lowest printing costs per page.
As the ink is running out, the printout gradually fades rather than suddenly stopping partway through a job.
They are able to use continuous paper rather than requiring individual sheets, making them useful for data logging.
They are good, reliable workhorses ideal for use in situations where printed content is more important than quality
4. What types of ports or interface used to connect our printer and PC?
The printer is of an older type that has the appropriate logic circuits and connectors, a parallel port and/or a serial port.
The USB ports can be used to connect printer and PC
5. What is PRINT Server?
A print server, or printer server, is a computer or device that is connected to one or more printers and to client computers over a network, and can accept print jobs from the computers and send the jobs to the appropriate printers
6. What is computer network?
A computer network is a group of computers that are connected to each other for the purpose of communication. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics
7. Why using computer network (advantages). Also explain the disadvantages.
Advantages
Save money on software and other programs
Fast
Allows you to share files easily
Lets you mark projects on the computer
Disadvantages
Expensive to set up
All the wires can get in the way
If something goes wrong, the whole network could go down with it
Lower security
8. Explain what is Peer to peer and Server based (client server) network.
Peer-to-peer
It is commonly abbreviated to P2P, distributed network architecture is composed of participants that make a portion of their resources directly available to other network participants, without the need for central coordination instances.
Server based (Client-server)
This client based computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between service providers (servers) and service requesters, called clients.
9. List down the operating system that uses peer or server based network.
Network operating system
Printers
Disk drive
10. Explain briefly 5 different services used in computer network.
Share Internet Access
The most primary use for a network among user is to share internet service between all of the computers within the network. This way any or all of the user in the home can enjoy the benefits of the connectivity to email, surf, chat and explore newsgroups and more at the same time..
File and Printer Sharing
Users on a network can easily share files, printers and storage devices. Files can be shared between users and computers much more conveniently without having to transfer files using disks or removable drives.
Telecommuting
Many users are interested in connecting their work laptops/PC to the internet allowing them to work from home. Before DSL, doing so meant tying up the telephone line.
Multiplayer Gaming
As the capabilities of gaming applications and consoles continue to expand and more users adopt DSL, many users are taking advantage of their broadband connections to play internet games with other players around the neighborhood, country or world.
Entertainment Audio and Video Distribution
Network can also be used for entertainment activities like enjoying music, television and movies. An example of this is the ability to distribute audio (MP3) files and video files from a computer.
Home Control, Automation and Security Monitoring
The ability to control and monitor the environment within and outside the home is a promising opportunity for DSL users.
11. What do we needs if we want to setup small LAN.
One site which contains one or more buildings housing the network.
12. List down the network topology.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages.
Bus topology
Advantages: Simple and cheap.
Disadvantages: One bad connection or NIC brings entire network down and
low bandwidth.
Star topology
Advantages:
1) Due to its centralized nature, the topology offers simplicity of operation.
2) It also achieves an isolation of each device in the network.
Disadvantages:
The network operation depends on the functioning of the central hub. Hence,
the failure of the central hub leads to the failure of the entire network.
Ring topology
Advantages: Error free network communication.
Disadvantages: Expensive to implement and works at much slower speeds than
Fast Ethernet.
Tree topology
Advantages:
1) A Tree Topology is supported by many network vendors and even hardware vendors.
2) A point to point connection is possible with Tree Networks.
3) All the computers have access to the larger and their immediate networks.
4) Best topology for branched out networks. .
Disadvantages:
1) In a Network Topology the length of the network depends on the type of cable that is being used.
2) The Tree Topology network is entirely dependant on the trunk which is the main backbone of the network. If that has to fail then the entire network would fail.
Mesh topology
Advantages: Maximum fault tolerance.
Disadvantages: Expensive.
13. List down the networking devices used to create LAN and WAN.
NIC (Network Interface Card)
It is an adapter card, is an interface used for network between a computer and a
network.
Repeater
Repeat the degradation signal to original signal over distance.
HUB
Multiport of repeater, it connects computers at the center or local point star topology. It used single collision domains.
Switch
Multiport of hub, can filters frames by MAC (Media Access Control) address and connects segments of a network. It is used to separate collision domains.
Bridge
It can direct information flow on a network from one node to another. It was prevalent before switches came into use.
Router
It can filter packets by IP address and subnet masks for routing and packet delivery.
Brouter
This is a combination of bridge and router.
Gateway
It can be a hardware and software translator that interprets and converts protocols.
Modem
Modem stands for Modulator/Demodulator. It connects computers over analog telephone lines.
14. What media and connector used in BUS, STAR and RING topology?
BUS Topology
Uses repeaters/HUB, terminators at both ends
STAR Topology
Uses HUB/Switch as the center
RING Topology
Uses MAU
15. What do meant by attenuation? How to reduce these effects?
Attenuation refers to the degeneration or reduction in the strength of a signal over distance on a network cable during the transmission.
To reduce the effects of attenuation, repeaters are used to boost the signal strength.
16. List down the bandwidth for all the topology in LAN.
56 kbit/s Moderm/Dialup
1.5 Mbit/s ADSL Lite
1.544 Mbit/s T1
10 Mbit/s Ethernet
11 Mbit/s Wireless 802.11b
44.736 Mbit/s T3
54 Mbit/s Wireless-G 802.11g
100 Mbit/s Fast Ethernet
155 Mbit/s OC3
300 Mbit/s Wireless-N 802.11n
622 Mbit/s OC12
1000 Mbit/s Gigabyte Ethernet
2.5 Gbit/s OC4S
9.6 Gbit/s OC192
10 Gbit/s 10 Gigabyte Ethernet
100 Gbit/s 100 Gigabyte Ethernet
17. What is Simplex, Half and Full duplex?
Simplex: One way communication.
Half-duplex: Two way communication, one direction at a time.(e.g. walkie-talkie)
Full-duplex: Two way simultaneous communication.(e.g. telephone)