Scientific Revolution and Renaissance and Enlightenment
1) One similarity of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment is that both
3) emphasized the value of human reasoning	

2) The revival of Greek and Roman culture, the economic growth of Italian city-states in the 1400s, and the development of humanism were aspects of the
4) European Renaissance

3) The Renaissance in western Europe is best described as a period marked by
4) great intellectual and artistic creativity

4) In his book The Prince, Niccolò Machiavelli advises that a wise ruler is one who
4) does what is necessary to stay in power

5) A major reason that the Renaissance began in Italy was that
1) Italian city-states had grown wealthy from trade between Europe and Asia

6) One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment were similar is that they
1) encouraged the spread of new ideas	

7) The heliocentric model, the development of inductive reasoning, and the work of Descartes are all associated with which revolution?
4) Scientific

8) What is meant by Machiavelli’s belief that “the end justifies the means”?
1) Leaders may use any method to achieve what is best for the state.	

9) Venice in Europe, Mogadishu in Africa, and Canton in China emerged during the 13th century primarily as important centers of
3) trade 	

10) Which factor contributed to the beginning of the Renaissance in Italian cities?
4) access to important trade routes

11) 18 • Leonardo DaVinci used movement and perspective in his work.
• Machiavelli’s The Prince advised rulers on how to gain and maintain power.
• Humanist scholars examined worldly subjects and classical culture.
Which period is associated with these statements?
	3) Renaissance 	

12) Which statement best expresses an idea held by many Renaissance humanist philosophers?
(1) People should study worldly subjects as well as sacred matters.

13) Which statement concerning the Renaissance in Europe is based on opinion rather than on fact?
2 The art of the Northern Renaissance was superior to that of the Italian Renaissance.

14) Which statement best describes the effects of the works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes?
2 The scientific method was used to solve problems

15) A major concept promoted by philosophers of the Enlightenment was the need for
2 the use of reason for rational and logical thinking
16) “. . . and in the actions of men, and especially of princes, . . . the end justifies the means.”
Which philosopher most likely wrote this statement?
		2 Niccolò Machiavelli

17) Which statement explains why the Renaissance began in Italy?
2) The Italian city-states were wealthy centers of trade and manufacturing.

18) “The rule of law is more powerful than the rule of the tyrant.” — Simón Bolívar
“Whoever has the . . . supreme power . . . is bound to govern by established standing laws.”— John Locke
What is the main idea expressed in these quotations?
3) Rulers must be subject to the law.			

19) These ideas were first expressed during which period of European history?
3) Enlightenment 	

20) “all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. . . .”
This statement best expresses the philosophy of
	4) John Locke

21) The statement best represents the values of
1) the Enlightenment 	

22) One way in which the writers of the Renaissance were influenced by the writers of ancient Greece was that the Renaissance writers
1) stressed the power of human reason		

23)  “. . . and in the actions of men, and especially of princes, . . . the end justifies the means.”
Which philosopher most likely wrote this statement?
	2) Niccolò Machiavelli		

24) According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to
1) protect natural rights		

25) . . . The Laws ought to be so framed, as to secure the Safety of every Citizen as much as possible. . . . The Equality of the Citizens consists in this; that they should all be subject to the same Laws. . . . — Documents of Catherine the Great,
These ideas of Catherine the Great of Russia originated during the
		2) Age of Enlightenment	

26) • Leonardo DaVinci used movement and perspective in his work.
• Machiavelli’s The Prince advised rulers on how to gain and maintain power.
• Humanist scholars examined worldly subjects and classical culture.
Which period is associated with these statements?			3) Renaissance 	

27) Locke’s Two Treatises of Government, Rousseau’s The Social Contract, and Montesquieu’s The Spirit of the Laws were works written during which time period?
2) Enlightenment	

28) Which factor contributed to the beginning of the Renaissance in Italian cities?
	4) access to important trade routes

29) Sir Isaac Newton, Galileo Galilei, and Johannes Kepler are all directly associated with the
	2) Scientific Revolution
30) The Enlightenment and the American Revolution were both major influences on 19th-century uprisings in
1) Latin America 	

31) Philosophers of the Enlightenment period believed that society could best be improved by
3) applying reason and the laws of nature