In this article I have attempted to show a few examples of how the Holy Quran has predicted some of the outstanding discoveries of modern science and how it supports certain theories still being debated upon. One such theory is one concerning cosmology, the science of the origin and evolution of our universe, namely the Big Bang theory, according to which our universe 10 to 20 billion years ago, was compressed into the confines of a highly dense elementary particle, known as a singularity. This highly dense particle, according to the theory exploded, releasing its matter, which eventually went to form the planets, the stars, etc., i.e. the known Universe. Although the Big Bang theorists have made several predictions that support this theory, there are still alternative theories offered. But, we find Divine Revelation supporting the Big Bang theory. Allah (Exalted Be His Name) says in Surah Al-Anbiya (21: 30):

"Do not the Unbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were joined together (as one unit of Creation), before We clove them asunder?"

The atom until very recently was thought to be the minutest particle in existence, which could not be divided any further. But modern research has revealed that the atomic nucleus itself is made up of protons and neutrons, and in turn these protons and neutrons are made up of particles called quarks. Scientists have discovered hundreds of elementary particles smaller than the atom. Allah (Exalted Be His Name) says in Surah Saba (34:3):

" The Unbelievers say, " Never to us will come the Hour": say, "Nay! but most surely, by my Lord, it will come upon you - by Him Who knows the unseen - from Whom is not hidden the least little atom in the Heavens or on the earth: nor is there anything less than that , or greater, but is in the Record Perspicuous."

It is an amazing fact, that as in our world (the Macroworld), where Allah (Exalted Be His Name) created everything in pairs: the sexual pairs of male and female, darkness and light, good and bad; even in the Microworld of atoms and elementary particles, each thing He created, He created in pairs. For example, the proton, a positively charged particle has its counterpart the antiproton, which retains the characteristics of the proton, but carries a negative charge, and also the electron, a negatively charged particle which orbits the atomic nucleus has its counterpart the positron, with a positive charge and so on. This was certainly unknown until a few decades ago. But, Prophet Muhammed (Peace be Upon Him) received a revelation in the desert of Arabia more than 1400 years ago, where Allah says in Sura Yaseen (36:36):

" Glory to Allah, Who created in pairs all things that the earth produces, as well as their own (human) kind and (other) things of which they have no knowledge."

As there are waves in the oceans that we see, it has been found out, that there are also internal currents (waves) deep inside the oceans. As light passes through into the depths of the ocean, at various depths, white light loses its constituent light waves. For example, at a certain depth the violet light disappears, at another depth the blue light, until finally there is no light left at all, i.e. the bottom of the ocean is in total and complete darkness, since light does not pass through. Recently, robots were sent to these depths and interesting new discoveries were made. Fish at such depths do not possess eyes and look like floating lumps of flesh! Allah (Exalted Be His Name) makes a striking comparison, when He says in Surah An-Nur (24:40):

"Or (the unbeliever's state) is like the depths of darkness in a vast deep ocean overwhelmed with billow topped by (dark) clouds: depths of darkness one above another: if a man stretches out his hand he can hardly see it! For any to whom Allah giveth not light there is no light!"

If you mix hot water with cold water in a container, the water mixes and after a short time, the water takes on a different (average) temperature. This is the usual case. But, it is an extraordinary fact, that explorers have discovered places in the oceans where bodies of water meet, and yet retain their characteristics such as temperature, density, etc.
There is a definite barrier between these bodies of water and maps have been made showing these regions with clear boundaries. What happens is that water molecules do actually pass through the barrier, but once they pass, they take on the temperature of the new water body, thus no mixing takes place. Allah (Exalted Be His Name) says in Surah Ar-Rahman (55:19-20):

"He has let free the two bodies of flowing water meeting together: between them is a Barrier they do not transgress"

Geologists are carrying out research to find out the role of the mountains. It is believed that mountains help to stabilise the earth's crust, i.e. to hold the earth together without it slipping away, as a peg helps to hold a tent in place. Allah (Exalted Be His Name) confirms this idea in Surah An-Naba (78: 6-7):

"Have We not made the earth as a wide expanse and the mountains as pegs?"

Three layers (or walls) separate the growing foetus inside the mother's womb and the outside world. This interesting fact has been noted in the Holy Quran, Allah says in Surah Az-Zumar (39:6):

"…He makes you in the wombs of your mothers, in stages one after another in three veils of darkness."

The crust of the earth is built up of geological strata one above another. Geologists have discovered that the earth is divided into seven layers. Allah (Exalted Be His Name) says in Surah At-Talaq (65:12):

"Allah is He Who created seven Firmaments and of the earth a similar number."

An engineer interested in psychology at the University of Toronto conducted research and wrote a thesis on "Efficiency of Group Discussions". The aim of his work was to find out how much people accomplish when they get together to talk in groups of two, three, ten, etc. His findings showed that the maximum was achieved when people met in pairs for discussions. Allah (Exalted Be His Name) advises us in His Book, when He says in Surah Saba (34:46):

" Say: "I do admonish you on one point: that ye do stand up before Allah - (it may be ) in pairs and (it may be ) singly and reflect (within yourselves)"

During the lifetime of the Prophet (Peace be Upon Him) about the 6th or 7th year before the Hijrah (615-616 A.C.) the Christian Roman Empire was totally defeated in a major battle with the Persians. The pro-Persian pagan Arabs were highly elated over this victory and were hoping for a similar victory over the battle with the Holy Prophet (Peace BeUpon Him), whose message was a renewal and continuation of the Message of Jesus Christ (Peace Be Upon Him). At that time, it was inconceivable that the Romans could, after such a humiliating defeat, be victorious again. But nevertheless, Allah (Exalted Be His Name) revealed to His Messenger in Surah Al-Rum (30:2-4):

" The Roman Empire has been defeated - in a land close by: but they, (even) after (this) defeat of theirs, will soon be victorious - within a few years."

Astonishingly, seven years after the loss of Jerusalem, the Romans were victorious at Issus and even penetrated into Persia. Thus, the prophecy was fulfilled! But, what I want to point out is something else as remarkable. The Arabic word translated as "close by" could also be translated as "closest", in other words - in the closest land, in which the defeat took place. The Arabic word translated as "closest" has another meaning -"deepest". Thus on could have said - in the "deepest land". Remarkably, it has been found that the place where the battle was fought is the deepest point on the earth.

Prophet Muhammed (Peace Be Upon Him) received revelations, at various stages during his 23 years of Prophethood. These revelations were received as answers to questions, as Divine Commandments and Spiritual Nourishment. Certain Surahs of the Holy Quran start with certain letters of the Arabic alphabet. For example, Surah Al Baqarah (the longest Surah with 286 verses) starts with the letters Alif, Laam and Meem. Surah Yaseen starts with the letters Ya and Seen and so on. Although conjectures have been made as to their meaning, the true significance of these letters remains unknown. It is amazing, however that after the invention of the computer in the 20th century, the Quran was entered into it and the letters in the Surahs were calculated. It was found that in the Surahs, where these letters appear, for example Surah Al Baqarah, where the letters Alif, Laam and Meem appear, the letter Alif was found to be the most frequently used letter in this Surah, and after that the letter Laam and then the letter Meem correspondingly. In Surah Yaseen, it was found that the letter Ya appears most frequently and then the letter Seen. This was also true for other Surahs, a fact about which the Companions of the Prophet (May Allah be Pleased with Them) were unaware. An amazing discovery of this century!

The above mentioned should be read while appreciating the fact that these revelations were received by an unlettered (illiterate) Prophet who lived among ignorant pagan Arabs in the desert about 1400 years ago.