1990 Chronology
Of Cambodian History Abbreviations on
this page
Jan. 31, 1990
SOC National Assembly
concludes a one-week session in Phnom Penh, adopting 1990 state plan. Feb. 3, 1990
CGDK Pres.
Prince Sihanouk announces the changes of his government-in-exile: (1) CGDK
was renamed to “National Government of Cambodia”; (2) Prince Sihanouk’s
official title was “President of Cambodia”; (3) the Khmer Rouge flag and
anthem would be replaced with pre-1970 one; and (4) the regime of Cambodia
would be a democratic presidential system based on the Fifth French Republic. Feb. 6, 1990
The US House of
Representatives pass a resolution, by the vote of 413-0, on UN role in the
Cambodian peace process as outlined in a UN Security Council meeting in Paris
on Jan. 13-15. Feb. 21, 1990
Prince Sihanouk and Premier
Hun Sen sign a first joint communiqué following a 5-hours meeting in Bangkok
hosted by Thai PM Chatchai Chunhawan and army chief Gen. Chawalit
Yongchaiyut. Feb. 23, 1990
SOC PM Hun Sen tells
reporters, on his return to Phnom Penh, that he would not allow his govt. be
dissolved prior to elections and the UN role should be confined to organizing
elections. Australia FM Gareth Evans
pledges US$2.4 million in relief and refugee aid for Cambodia on the eve of
his departure for Jakarta talks. March 7, 1990
US Sen. Cramston introduces S.CON.RES.101 March 30, 1990
UN sent a fact-finding team to
Cambodia to assess logistics requirement in the event of a UN role in the
settlement. April 6, 1990 US Press Secretary Fitzwater issues statement on Pres.
Bush's meeting with Soviet FM Eduard Shevardnadze. [Statement] April 9, 1990
Prince
Sihanouk unveiled a new nine-point Cambodian peace program, heart of which
was a UN military force to police the country before and during general
elections to form the new govt. and ruling system. April 11, 1990
A US Senate delegation, led by
Sen. Robert Kerrey, arrived in Phnom Penh on a fact-finding mission. The delegation met with SOC PM Hun Sen and
NA Chairman Chea Sim and other officials. April 13, 1990
A UN team departed Phnom Penh
following a 2-weeks mission to assess the state and needs of Cambodia’s
communication and transportation systems. April 15, 1990
European Community diplomats
at the UN warned the CGDK not to expect EC support at the UN General Assembly
for the Cambodia seat as in the past. April 30, 1990
Australian Dep. FM Micheal
Costello departed Phnom Penh after a 2-days visit; he met with SOC PM Hun Sen
and other officials. US Senator Cranston introduces
S.AMDT.1564 May 1, 1990
SOC PM Hun Sen flew to the
Thai resort town of Pattaya for a day of talks with Thai officials. Later, the Premier said a cease-fire was
the necessary first step for the Cambodian peace process. May 3, 1990
Prince Sihanouk suggested
Phnom Penh should be declared a de-militarized, open city and be put under UN
administration. May 17, 1990
Fighting between Khmer and
Vietnamese students broke out at the University of Hanoi and University of Ho
Chi Minh City and continued sporadically for nearly two weeks, leaving dozens
of students hospitalized. May 24, 1990
The Caravan, a Thai rock
group, gave a concert at Angkok Wat attended by some 100,000 people despite
heavy rain. The program was part of a
Thai sponsored “Artists for Peace”. US Pres. Bush holds new conference, in which Cambodia-US
relations question is raised. [The news
conference] May 25, 1990
The five permanent members of
the UN Security Council held a weekend meeting in New York to discuss
Cambodia, the fourth such session this year. May 29, 1990
Prince Sihanouk announced he
was planning to reassume leadership of the CGDK, in advance of a Tokyo
meeting on the Cambodian peace process. June 3, 1990 US Pres. Bush holds news conference following
discussions with Soviet Pres. Mikhail Gorbachev, in which Cambodia issue was
discussed. [Read
more] June 5, 1990
CGDK Pres. Prince Sihanouk and
SOC PM Hun Sen signed a joint communiqué in Tokyo at the end of their
meeting. June 13, 1990
At least six governmental and
military figures were reported of being arrested on suspicion of anti-government
activities (planning to form a political party). Those detained were listed as the Transport, Communications and
Post Minister Ung Phan, Foreign Ministry official Kan Man, Planning Ministry
official Nou Saing Khan, Defense Ministry officials Col. On Sum and Lt. Col.
Kay Mathury. June 14, 1990
USSR Deputy FM Igor Rogachev,
in Beijing for talks with Chinese FM Qian Qichen, predicted a political
settlement would be reached very soon in Cambodia. US Pres. Bush remarks
following discussions with Thai PM Chatchai Chunhawan, “…we also talked about
resolving the tragic conflict in Cambodia. And we agreed that both our
countries should continue our diplomatic efforts to end the violence, to
achieve a comprehensive solution that meets the aspirations of the Cambodian
people by assuring genuine self-determination through free and fair elections
under U.N. auspices and in the presence of an international peacekeeping
force.” SOC officials denied ordering
a crack down on the democracy movement in Cambodia, and said the recent
arrests were “punishing acts of treason, not suppressing the aspirations for
democracy.” June 23, 1990
SOC Council of Ministers established
a special commission to oversee the search of Americans missing in action in
Cambodia, chaired by Deputy Interior Minister Khim Pon. The task of the commission was to act as a
liaison between American specialists and provincial officials. June 27, 1990
US Rep. Solarz introduces H.AMDT.540 July 5, 1990
Singaporean investors in
Cambodia are warned by their govt. that their passports would be confiscated
if they did not withdraw immediately.
Singaporeans are not allowed to invest or work in Cambodia until there
was a comprehensive political settlement. July 7, 1990
SOC Council of Minister issued
regulations on intermarriage between Khmer citizens and overseas Khmers or
foreign residents in Cambodia. Those
applying for marriage with Khmer citizens must submit their application to
the Council through the Ministry of Interior. July 16, 1990
Jonh G. Dean, the last US
ambassador to Cambodia, arrived in Phnom Penh for a week long visit; he met
with PM Hun Sen and Defense Minister Tea Banh. July 17, 1990
The five permanent members of
the UN Security Council concluded a 2-days meeting in Paris, discussing the
involvement of the UN in the Cambodian peace process. July 18, 1990 US Senator Kerry introduces S.CON.RES.140 July 20, 1990
Phnom Penh Radio announced that
SOC would send 837 students abroad for the 1990-91 school year. They would be sent to USSR, East Germany,
Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Mongolia, Laos, Cuba, and Vietnam. July 24, 1990
ASEAN foreign ministers, at a
2-days meeting in Jakarta, called for a Cambodian quadripartite meeting in
Jakarta in order to set up a Supreme National Council (SNC) to temporarily
govern Cambodia. July 26, 1990
A US military team left Phnom
Penh with six sets of remains believed to be Americans, including four
recovered from a Khmer Rouge mass grave. July 29, 1990
Vietnam FM Nguyen Co Thach, in
an interview, praised recent US policy changes and expressed his optimism
about a settlement of the Cambodian problem. Aug.4, 1990 US Senator Cranston introduces
S.RES.321 Aug. 6, 1990 Aug. 22, 1990
CGDK leaders, Prince Sihanouk,
Son Sann and Khieu Samphan, met in Beijing and announced their acceptance of
the ASEAN initiated invitation from the Paris International Conference on
Cambodia to meet in Jakarta with SOC to work out plans for creation of a
Supreme National Council for Cambodia. Aug. 28, 1990
Cambodia warring factions
accept the Framework document as the basis for settling the Cambodia
conflict. On the same day, the five
permanent members of UN Security Council agree among themselves on the main
elements of a Cambodian peace process.
It involves deep UN involvement in the peacekeeping task fully
supported and funded by the perm-five. Sept. 5, 1990
US Secretary of State James
Baker says the US would begin direct talks with the SOC on the peace process
in Cambodia. SOC, in response, says
it is ready for talks on any subjects at any level; and Vietnam welcomes the
announcement. Sept. 15, 1990
The National Bank of Cambodia
devalues its currency from R460 to R510 per US dollar. Sept. 17, 1990
The four Cambodia warring
factions meet in Bangkok to establish the Supreme National Council
(SNC). Twelve members of SNC are
selected: Hun Sen (SOC), Hor Namhong (SOC), Chem Snguon (SOC), Kong Som Ol
(SOC), Sin Song (SOC), Tea Banh (SOC), Prince Ranariddh (ANS), Chau Sen
Cocsal Chhum (ANS), Son Sann (KPNLF), Ieng Mouly (KPNLF), Khieu Samphan (DK)
and Son Sen (DK). Sept. 20, 1990 Oct. 1, 1990
French Deputy FM Thierry de
Beauce ends his visit to Cambodia. He
meets with PM Hun Sen, FM Hor Namhong and NA Chairman Chea Sim, and agrees to
provide the aid of French expertise in agriculture, road building and port
facilities. Oct. 8, 1990
SOC PM Hun Sen led a
delegation to New Delhi, India, for a 5-days visit. Oct. 11, 1990
Four of 32 dancers from Phnom
Penh on tour in the US defected. Oct. 12, 1990
Agreement was reached behind
the scenes at the UNGA that there be no vote this year on the Cambodian peace
process, nor any decision at the moment on who would occupy the Cambodian UN
seat. The move was part of ASEAN’s
strategy to force the Cambodian to decide among themselves on the composition
of the SNC. US Senator Mitchell and Kerry
introduce S.AMDT.2966
and S.AMDT.2967 Oct. 15, 1990 Oct, 17, 1990
US Rep. Richardson introduces H.AMDT.878 Oct. 18, 1990
The National Bank of Cambodia devalued
its currency again from R510 to R600 per US dollar. Oct. 27, 1990
US Congress passed the 1991
foreign aid bill, providing up to $20 million in humanitarian aid to
Cambodia, and another $5 million went to Cambodian children and other
civilian victims of war. The fund to
the non-communist resistance was cut. Nov. 5, 1990
SOC National Assembly convened
in Phnom Penh for a 2-days session to discuss the international negotiations
over Cambodia, reshuffle and appoint of cadres and cancel the treaty of
friendship with East Germany. Nov. 30, 1990
A Buddhist festival attended
by some 4,000 people was held at the 1000-year-old Temple of Bayon, led by
SOC Transportation Minister Ros Choun. Dec. 3, 1990
Amnesty International
commended SOC for its improvement in human rights, but added torture and
unfair detention by local authorities had not stopped. Dec. 5, 1990
Prince Sihanouk appears in a
Paris court to defense himself in a $100,000 libel suit filed against him by
SOC FM Hor Namhong. Prince Sihanouk
accuses the FM of having run a Khmer Rouge concentration camp. Hor Namhong denied that he commanded the
camp but was detained there along with other intellectuals from 1976-78, and
was arbitrarily appointed in 1978 to head a camp committee responsible for
handling food distribution, assigning work and organizing political
indoctrination sessions. Dec. 21, 1990 Meetings are held in Paris from
Dec. 21-23, in searching for the settlement of Cambodia conflict. 1991 Chronology Of Cambodian
History Abbreviations on
this page US Press Secretary Fitzwater issues statement on foreign access to United States Ports; Cambodia is one of countries banned from the US ports. [Statement] June, 4, 1991 Meetings are held in Jakarta
from June 4-6, in searching for the settlement of Cambodia conflict. June 19, 1991 US Rep. McCollun introduces H.AMDT.182 June 24, 1991 Meetings are held in Pattaya,
Thailand, from June 24-26, in searching for the settlement of Cambodia
conflict. July 16, 1991 Meetings are held in Beijing,
China, from July 16-17. Prince
Sihanouk is unanimously elected as the Pres. of the SNC. July 29, 1991 US Senator McCain introduces S.AMDT.907 an
amendment expressing the sense of the Congress with respect to relation
between US and Vietnam and Cambodia. Aug. 26, 1991 Meetings are held in Pattaya
from Aug. 26-29, in searching for the settlement of Cambodia conflict. Sept. 19, 1991 Meetings are held in New York,
in searching for the settlement of Cambodia conflict. Oct. 16, 1991
Nov. 12, 1991 US Pres. Bush remarks to
the Asia Society in New York City, “Let me give you a few examples of how we
seek to build the peace. The conflict in Indochina has preoccupied this
Nation for years. Finally, we've entered into a period of healing and
constructive cooperation. We will work step-by-step to resolve the painful
issues left by that war. The ASEAN nations, Japan, Australia, and the U.N.
Security Council's permanent members recently forged a Cambodian peace
process that promises free elections in a nation previously rent by tyranny
and genocide. Just yesterday, for the first time in 16 years, we sent an
accredited diplomat to Cambodia to participate in the peacemaking
arrangements.” Nov. 20, 1991
The UN General Assembly
adopted a resolution A/RES/46/18
expressing its full support for the agreements on a comprehensive political
settlement of the Cambodia conflict “Paris Agreement”. Dec. 17, 1991 US Press Secretary Fitzwater issues statement on Pres. Bush's meeting with Thai PM Anan Panyarachun, in which Cambodia was discussed. [Statement] 1992 Chronology Of Cambodian
History Abbreviations on
this page
US Pres. George Bush addresses the Australian Parliament in Canberra [The address] and holds news conference with Australia PM Paul J. Keating in Canberra; Cambodian peace plan is raised. [News conference] Jan. 3, 1992 Jan. 4, 1992 US Pres. George Bush remarks with
the Singapore Lecture Group, and holds news conference with Singapore PM Goh
Chok Tong in Singapore; Cambodia is mention. [News conference]. Feb. 8, 1992
SOC Pres. Heng Samrin promulgated
the law on renaming the People’s National Bank of Cambodia (PNBC) to the
National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), and on the Force Physical Imprisonment in
Criminal Cases. April 1, 1992 US Pres. Bush signs resolution H.J. Res. 456, among
others, providing fund of $270 million to finance special United Nations
peacekeeping activities in Cambodia, El Salvador, Yugoslavia, and other
countries. [Statement] April 23, 1992
Cambodia deposited with UN an
instrument of accession to the Agreement On The Network Of Aquaculture
Centres in Asia and the Pacific [27140]. July 1, 1992 US Pres. Bush remarks following discussions with Japanese PM Kiichi Miyazawa, welcoming the passage of Japan's peace cooperation bill, which allow Japan to participate actively in building a lasting peace in Cambodia and in other world trouble spots. [Remark] July 7, 1992 Munich Economic Summit Political Declaration, "We
are seriously concerned at the present situation in Cambodia and urge all
parties concerned to support UNTAC and uphold the still fragile peace process
to bring it to a successful conclusion." [Read more] July 24, 1992 US Pres. Bush addresses the National League of Families
of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia, “Our years of trying to
seek cooperation from Cambodia and the Soviets were not rewarded until just
recently. The U.N.-sponsored settlement plan in Cambodia…….have opened the
way for unprecedented access. We will push hard to translate this access into
answers.” [Read
more] US Rep. Solarz introduces H.R.5708 a
bill to establish an Office of Cambodian Genocide Investigation. Aug. 13, 1992 Aug. 25, 1992
Cambodia deposited with UN an instrument
of accession to the Agreement Establishing the International Fund for
Agricultural Development [16041]. Aug. 27, 1992
SOC Pres. Heng Samrin
promulgated the law on the Supervision of Financial Institutions. Sept. 10, 1992
The Supreme National Council
(SNC) adopted provision relating to the judiciary, and criminal law and
procedure applicable in Cambodia during the transitional period. [Text of the provisions] Sept. 25, 1992 US Pres.'s message to
the Congress reporting on the National Emergency with respect to Export
Control Regulations, "At the beginning of the year, I announced the
lifting of the US embargo against Cambodia in response to the United
Nations-directed comprehensive political settlement of the decades-long
Cambodian conflict. In April the Commerce Department issued a rule removing
Cambodia from the list of embargoed countries and revising licensing policies
and procedures affecting Cambodia and Laos to allow these countries to
receive general license treatment for exports and re-exports of many
items." Dec. 19, 1992
Cambodia and France signed in
Phnom Penh a Basic Agreement in the Field of Rubber. [Original agreement English
French] Dec. 22, 1992
UN General Assembly adopted
resolution A/RES/47/209
concerning the financing of UNTAC.
Abbreviations on
this page
Feb. 27, 1993
Constituent Assembly. UNTAC
releases the final tally of the May election showing that FUNCINPEC received
1.82 million votes or 45.5%; CPP 1.53 million votes or 38.2%; BLDP 152,764 votes
or 3.8%; and the remaining votes divided among the other 17 political
parties. In the 120-seat assembly, FUNCINPEC would get 58 seats; CPP 51; BLDP
10 and Moulinaka 1. Dec. 17, 1993
Cambodia
and France signed in Phnom Penh a Memorandum of Understanding on cooperation
in the field of building and public works. [MOU in English
French] Dec. 22, 1993
New
Zealand and UN signed an Agreement in New York relating to the Provision of
Personnel to Support De-mining program in Cambodia. [Agreement in English
French] 1994 Chronology Of Cambodian
History Abbreviations on
this page
Cambodia and Thailand sign agreement on the establishment of the Joint Commission for the Bilateral Cooperation between the two countries. Jan. 19, 1994 Cambodia and UN exchanged letters constituting an agreement concerning the status of the team of military liaison officers in Cambodia. [Agreement in English French] Feb. 1, 1994 US Senator McCain proposes S.AMDT.1332 March 1994 May
10, 1994
Cambodia and France signed in Paris a Basic Agreement on
cultural, scientific and technical cooperation. [Agreement in English
French] US Rep. Rohrabacher introduces H.R.4530 June 1994 June
1, 1994
Cambodia and UN Children’s Fund signed in Phnom Penh a
Basic cooperation agreement. [Agreement in English
French] July
14, 1994
US Senator McCain proposes S.AMDT.2278 July
15, 1994
UN and Netherlands signed in New York a Memorandum of
Understanding for the provision of personnel to support de-mining program in
Cambodia. [MOU in English
French] Aug. 27, 1994 Prince Chakrapong issues a press release denying that he staged a coup. [Read the press release] Sept.
13, 1994
Cambodia and UNHCR signed in Phnom Penh an agreement on
the establishing of a UNHCR field office in Cambodia. [Agreement in English
French] Nov.
28, 1994
Cambodia deposited with UN instrument of accessions on
International Convention on Load Lines [9159],
Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea [15824],
Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage [14097],
and Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea [18961]. Dec.
16, 1994
Cambodia and
International Development Association signed in Phnom Penh an agreement
relating to Development Credit. [Agreement in English
French] Dec. 19, 1994
Cambodia and UN
signed a Basic agreement, in Phnom Penh, concerning assistance by the UNDP to
Cambodia. [Agreement in English
French]
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