Views on Education

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¡u¤Q¦~¾ð¤ì¡A¦Ê¦~¾ð¤H¡v¡C¾Ç²ß¬O²×¨­ªº¡A¦Ó±Ð¨|¥ç¤£¬O¤@´Â¤@¤iªº¡A¾Ç®Õ¬O¥ô­«¦Ó¹D»·¡C¡u¤@±øÀs¡v¾Ç¨îªº±Ð¨|¬Fµ¦¬O­»´ä±Ð¨|ªº·s«äºû¡A±q¥®¸X¶é¡B¤p¾Ç¡B¤¤¾Ç¡A¬Æ¦Ü¤j¾Ç¦³¤@©wªºÁpô¡A¨Ï¾Ç¥Í¤Î®aªø§¡Àò¯q¤£¤Ö¡C

­º¥ý¡A®aªøµL¶·¦A¬°¤l¤k¦]¤É¾Ç¦Ó¥|³B±iù§ä·s¾Ç®Õ¡A¦]¦Ó¼~¤ßÊÝÊÝ¡A®aªø­Ì»{©w¾Ç®Õ¬O¨ä¤l¤kªø´Á¾Ç²ßªºÀô¹Ò¡A«K¥i§ó§ë¤J¦a»P®Õ¤è¦X§@¥h±Ð¨|¾Ç¥Í¡A¹F­P³Ì²z·Qªº®ÄªG(Moreno, 1981)¡C¥t¤@¤è­±¡A¾Ç¥Í¥i¦b¬Û¦üªº¾Ç²ßÀô¹Ò¥Í¬¡¡AµL¶·ªá¤Ó¦hªº®É¶¡¥h¾AÀ³¡FÁÙ¥i°ö¾i§ó±jªºÂkÄÝ·P¡A¹ï¾Ç®Õ¦³¸û°ªÂkÄÝ·Pªº¾Ç¥Í¡A«C¤Ö¦~°ÝÃD¦æ¬°·|¸û¤Ö(Hirschi, 1969)¡C

¦¹¥~¡A¾Ç®Õ¦¬¿ý¾Ç¥Í¥i®Ú¾Ú¥»¨­ªº­n¨D¡A¾Ç¥ÍµL¶·¦A¦]¤½¶}¦Ò¸Õ¦Ó¤j¨ü§é¿i¡B¬°¦Ò¸Õ¦Ó¾Ç²ß¡B¬°¾Þ½m¦Ó¤W½Ò¡A§ã±þ¾Ç¥Íªº«äºûµo®i¤Î¾Ç²ß¿³½ì¡A¾Ç¥Í¥i¬¡¦b·R»P´r§Öªº¾Ç²ßÀô¹Ò¤¤¡C

§ó­«­nªº¡A¬O¾Ç®Õ¥i³e¹ý¨ä±Ð¨|²z©À¡A¾Ç¥Í¥i§¹§¹¾ã¾ãªº±µ¨ü¤@®M¦³¨t²Î¡B¦³­p¹º¡B¦³²z·Qªº±Ð¨|½Òµ{¡A¥O¾Ç¥Í±o¨ì¥þ¤H±Ð¨|¡A¦U¤è­±¯à°÷¥þ­±µo®i¡C¾Ç¥Í¦b¦¨ªø¹Lµ{¤¤¡A¤£¦Pªº¦~ÄÖ¦³¤£¦Pªº¯S©Ê¤Î»Ý­n(Erikson, 1968)¡A¦pªG¾Ç¥Í¯à¥Íªø¦b¸û¤@­PªºÀô¹Ò¤¤¡A¨äµo®i¥ç¸û¶¶§Q¡CÁÙ¦³¡A¾Ç¥Í¦³­Ó§O®t²§¡A¾Ç²ß¶i«×¥i¦]À³¥»¨­µo®i¦Ó³]­p¡A´î¤Ö¦]¥¢±Ñ·P¦Ó¥O¾Ç¥ÍµL¤ß¦V¾Ç¡F¦Ó¾Ç®Õ¤]¥i¨î©w¦Û¤vªº¾Ç¨î¤Î½Òµ{¡A°È¨D¨Ï¾Ç¥Í±o¯q³Ì¦h¡C

Á`ªº¨Ó»¡¡A±Ð¨|¤§¸ô¬Oº©ªø¦Ó±T¹ò¡A¾Ç¥Íªº¦¨´N¤Î¼ç¯à¥ç¤£¬Oµu¼È¥i¨£¡C¡u¤@±øÀs¡v¾Ç¨î¥iÅý¾Ç¥Í¦³¾÷·|ªí²{¨ä³Ì¤jªºµo®i°Ï(Zone of Proximal Development)¡A¦¹·§©À¥¿¬Oµû»ù¤Hªº±N¨Óµo®i¡F¦Ó¤£¬O²´«e¤@¨èªºªí²{(Vygotsky, 1987)¡C

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       Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: W. W. Norton.

       Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

       Moreno, S. (1981). Parenting information. San Diego, CA: Moreno Education.

      Vygotsky, L. S. (1987). Thought and Language. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

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§âÀô¹Ò±Ð¨|¿Ä¤J¨ä¥L¬ì¥Ø©Î¬O¥H¿W¥ß¤@¬ì±Ð±Â¡A¨ì¥Ø«e¬°¤î¤´¦³«Ý°Q½×¡F¦ýSingletary (1992) »{¬°¦b¤p¾Ç¤Îªì¤¤¡AÀô¹Ò±Ð¨|¥i¥H«eªÌªº¤è¦¡¡F¦Ó°ª¤¤¥H¤W¡A«h¥Î«áªÌ¤ñ¸û¦X¾A©M¦³®Ä¡C¦ýµL½×¥Î¬Æ»ò¤è¦¡¡ADisingner (1990) »{¬°³Ì¦³·N¸qªºÀô¹Ò¾Ç²ß¡A¬O­n¾Ç¥Í¥H¨Mµ¦¤Î§xÃø¤Æ¸Ñªº¤èªk¥h¬ã¨sÀô¹Ò½ÒÃD¡C

             ¤å§Ó´Ë¡C(October, 1998)¡CÀô¹Ò±Ð¨|¡G±À¼sÀô«O·NÃѪº°ò¥»ÂI¡C­»´äºñ¦â¤O¶qºô­¶¡C

http://user.hk.linkage.net/~greenpow/

            Disinger, J. F. (1990). Teaching creative thinking through environmental education. ERIC Document Reproduction Service Number, ED 331699.

            Singletary, T. J. (1992). Case studies of selected high school environmental education classes. Journal of Environmental Education, 23(4), 35-50.

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(3) ªÀ·|¬ì¡C°£´£¨Ñ¾Ç¥Í¦³ÃöªÀ·|²Õ´¾ú¥v¨Æ¹ê¤Î¦a²z²{¶Hµ¥ª¾ÃѤ§¥~¡A¨Ã¥i¶i¦Ó°ö¾i¨ä»{ÃѤH»PªÀ·|ªºÃö«Y¡A¾ú¥v¤Hª«ªº°^Äm¡A¥H¤Î¦a²zÀô¹Ò¹ï¤HÃþªº­«­n©Êµ¥¡A±q¦Ó°ö¾i¾Ç¥Íªº²z·Q»P»ù­ÈÆ[¡C

(4) Åé¨|¬ì¡C°£´£¨Ñ¾Ç¥Í°·¨­¬¡°Ê»PÅé¯à°V½m¤§¥~¡A¨Ã¥i¶i¦Ó°ö¾i¾Ç¥Í¹ÎÅé¦X§@ºë¯«»P¤½¥­Ävª§ªººA«×¡C

(5) ¦b¾Ç®Õªº¤é±`§@®§¬¡°Ê®É¡A­n¨D¾Ç¥Í¦u®É¡]¤£¿ð¨ì¡B¤£¯Ê®u¡^¡B¦u«H¡]«ö®É¥æ§@·~¡A«H¦u¿Õ¨¥¡^¡B¦u¤À¡]¤F¸Ñ®Õ³W¡B¿í¦u®Õ³W¡^¡A±q¦Ó°ö¾i¨}¦nªº²ßºD¡C

®Ú¾Ú¬_º¸§B®æªº¹D¼wµo®i²z½×¡A°ª¤¤¾Ç¥Í¤w¨ì¤F²Ä¤T©Î²Ä¥|¶¥¬q¡]²ß«U¹D¼w´Á¡^¡A¾Ç¥Í­Ì¹ï¬O«Dªº§PÂ_¡A·|°ò©ó§O¤Hªº»{¥i©ÎªÀ·|³W½d (Kohlberg, 1969)¡C¦Ó±Ð¾É¾Ç¥Íªº¦³®Ä¤èªk¡A´N¬O´£¨Ñ¨âÃø§x¹Òµ¹¤©¾Ç¥Í°Q½×¡A­n¾Ç¥Í¥D°Ê«ä¦Ò¡B±´°Q¡A¨Ã§@¥X¨M©w¡A¤£¬O³Q°Ê¤Î¨S¦³¥D¨£¦a¥Í§]¦Ñ®vªº«ä·Q¡F¨ä¨M©w¤£¬O³Ì­nºòªº¡A³Ì­«­nªº¬O¾Ç¥Í©Ò´£¥Xªº²z¥Ñ¡A¸g¹L»P¦P¾«ªº°Q½×¡A³o¼Ë¥i¥O¹D¼w»{ª¾¯à¤O§ó¥[¦¨¼ô¡A§ä¥X¸Ñ¨M°ÝÃD§ó§¹¬üªº¤èªk (Kohlberg, 1974)¡C¥t¤@¤è­±¡ATuriel (1966) ¥D±i±Ð¾É¾Ç¥Í¹D¼w¡A¥²¶·¤F¸Ñ¤Î°t¦X¾Ç¥Íªº¹D¼wµo®i¤ô¥­¡A³Ì¦³®Äªº¤èªk´N¬O±Ð¾É¾Ç¥Í­è­è¸û°ª¤@¼hªº¹D¼w¶¥¬q¡C

Á`¦Ó¨¥¤§¡A¾Ç®Õªº¹D¼w±Ð¨|À³ª`·N¤­¤è­±¡G(1) ¹D¼w±Ð¨|À³¶°¤¤¤½¸q¡B¤½¥­©M¤HÅv¡F(2) ±N¹D¼w±Ð¨|¿Ä¦X¦b¥­±`¬ì¥Ø±Ð¾Ç¬¡°Ê¤¤¹ê¬I¡A(3) ¦h¥Î¹D¼w°Q½×¨âÃø§x¹Ò¡A

(4) ±j½Õ¾Ç¥Íªº¦X§@¡A(5) ¤½¥­¡B°í¨M¤Î¦³¼u©Êªº¯Z©ÐºÞ²z±¹¬I¥iÀ°§U¾Ç¥Íªº¹D¼w¦¨ªø (Berkowitz, 1985; Jackson, Boostrom & Hansen, 1993)¡C

³Ì¦³·N¸qªºÀô¹Ò¾Ç²ß¡A¬O­n¾Ç¥Í¥H¨Mµ¦¤Î§xÃø¤Æ¸Ñªº¤èªk¥h¬ã¨sÀô¹Ò½ÒÃD¡C¹ï©ó¨Mµ¦¯à¤Oªº°V½m¡AJanis & Mann (1977) ´¿¦³¥H¤Uªº·N¨£¡G(a) ±´°Q¨ä¥L¥i¥N´Àªº¦æ°Ê¤Î¨ä¥Ø¼Ð¡A(b) ¿Å¶q¨C­Ó¿ï¶µªº§Q»P¹ú¡A(c) §ä´M·sªº¸ê°T¡A(d) ¦P¤Æ·sªº¸ê°T¡A(e) ¦³¤F·sªº¸ê°T«á¡A­«·s¦Ò¼{¸Ó¶µ¦æ°Êªºµ²ªG¡F(f) ´£¨Ñ¹ê¦æ­p¹º¡A¤Î (g) ¦Ò¼{¦æ°Ê«áªG¡C

¦b§xÃø¤Æ¸Ñ¤è­±¡AMonroe & Kaplan (1988) ´£¨Ñ¤F¦h¶µ­«­n¤¸¯À¡G(a) ¦³ÃöÀô¹Ò½ÒÃDªº°ò¥»ª¾ÃÑ¡A(b) ¹ï§xÃø¸Ñ¨M¤èªkªº¼ô±x¡A(c) ¹ï¸Ñ¨M§xÃøªººA«×©M»ù­ÈÆ[¡A(d) ¹ï¸Ñ¨M§xÃøªº³d¥ô·P©M¸Û¿Õ¡A(e) ·¾³q§Þ¥©¡A(f) ¦X§@§Þ¥©¡A¤Î (g) ¹ï¦Û¤vªº¦³¤O·P¡C

          Berkowitz, B. W. (1985). The role of discussion in moral discussion. In Marvin W. Berkowitz & Fritz Oser (Eds.), (pp. 197-218). Moral education: Theory and application. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

          Jackson, P. W., Boostrom, R. E., & Hansen, D. T. (1993). The moral life of schools. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

          Janis, I., & Mann, L. (1977). Decision making: A psychological analysis of conflict, choice, and commitment. New York: Macmillan.

         Kohlberg, L. (1969). Stage and sequence: The cognitive development approach to socialization. In D. A. Goslin (Ed.), Handbook of socialization theory and research (pp. 347-480). Chicago: Rand McNally.

         Kohlberg, L. (1974). Education, moral development and faith. Journal of Moral Education, 4(3), 5-16.

         Monroe, M. C., & Kaplan, S. (1988). When words speak louder than actions: Environmental problem solving in the classroom. Journal of Environmental Education, 19(3), 38-41.

         Turiel, E. (1966). An experimental test of the sequentiality of developmental stages in the child¡¦s moral judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3(6), 611-618.

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Improvement of Deviant Behavior Students

Classrooms, schools, and homes are the most intimate ecosystems of students. They are more responsible for directing intervention than are the larger ecosystems (i.e., community and society). Educational interventions should match the needs of students with deviant behaviors. Multidisciplinary educational teams and parents must design the appropriate special education programs to meet the individual behavioral and academic needs of identified deviant behavior students. There are several recommendations in different aspects including schools, teachers, parents, peers, and education policy makers in order to improve student deviant behavior.

For School Bonding

Schools should strengthen their bonding to students in order to reduce student¡¦s deviance. Four essential elements, commitment, attachment, involvement, and beliefs should be enhanced. Schools should provide a happy, lively, or goal-oriented, and warm learning environment to our students. The following principles are suggested to educators in order to increase the school bonding to students.

At present, the learning motive of deviant students is very low, no matter how good the teaching is, students may not follow. Thus, the most important and difficult one is to motivate the students to learn by themselves, and teach them to solve problems. Different students have different abilities. Academic abilities vary from students to students, so teachers should treat them in different ways and adopt different methodologies in teaching, and should have different expectations on them. Therefore, the weaker students can catch up with the teaching progress and the better students will not be bored. If the weaker students cannot follow the teaching, they may lose their interests of learning and lead to disciplinary problems.

In addition, students have different potentials and therefore, teachers should help them to explore their potentials and their psychological development. More goal-oriented activities should be provided and students are encouraged to participate in more extracurricular activities. Schools should emphasize success in various aspects other than academics alone. Students should be encouraged to find their self-identities and develop their strengths. In turn they can raise their self-concepts, study cheerfully and grow happily, meaningfully and healthily.

Schools should also inculcate the correct and healthy moral senses to students, and teach them to respect the laws and rules of society. Then many more students can behave as good citizens. The civic and moral education should be integrated into any related subjects and school activities and not just a minor single subject. Furthermore, outside school services for the public and the weak should be encouraged so that students can better understand the structure of society and the unfortunate people around them. Then they are aware of not being the typical unfortunate persons. They should treasure everything and refrain from taking things for granted.

Schools should understand their students. Recently, some social problems caused by students have brought to the concern of society, like suicide, drug abuse, violence, and juvenile crimes. Teachers should help students as early as possible. Prevention is better than remedy. If teachers give up their students, students will give up themselves too. Encouragement is more effective than punishment. Teachers should understand why students behave poorly and help them to improve. Punishment without guidance may not reach the targets. Teachers should find the roots of the problems; being active is better than passive.

For Student-Teacher Relation

In addition to the monitoring of student-school bonding, the assurance of good student-teacher relation is also essential as it favorably keeps students away from deviance. The harmonic and warm relationship between students and teachers can sustain the learning motives of students and watch out for immunity of deviance. Teachers are also the best persons as student¡¦s guidance in academic and personal development because teachers are the significant others for students. However, constantly coping with students who display problems in personal and social adjustment can be frustrating. Success in teaching deviant students often requires extra time, energy, and patience. It is important that teachers take direct interventions to minimize deviant behavior. In other words, it is effective to socialize students into a classroom environment conducive to learning.

Successful socialization has very much to do with teacher¡¦s classroom management. An authoritative teaching style and effective counseling skills help not only the learning process, but also the establishment of positive relationships with individual students. A good teacher is one whom the students can depend on and talk to. Teachers can be severe but they need to show students that they care. If teachers have no love for their students, they will never make professional teachers.

It is important to have the expected behaviors, rules and orders, and norms of Hong Kong explicitly listed out and clearly explained to NAC. This avoids unnecessary misinterpretation. There may be some differences in behavioral standard between Hong Kong and Mainland China. When NAC violate Hong Kong standard, they must be informed and explained. They should be allowed to think, reflect, and correct. If they are punished immediately, they will be frustrated and angry.

For Peer Relationship

Most deviant behavior students cannot have a satisfying interrelationship with their peers in schools. Peers are the significant others of adolescents. Peer relationship will affect the student¡¦s self-concept (see Rosenberg, 1979), in turn leading to student deviant behavior as reported in this study. They need the help from teachers to overcome serious peer relationship problems. Therefore, the following measures are suggested for teachers to help student to improve their peer relationship.

Social competence training. The social competence promotion components should focus developing the cognitive-behavioral skills. The deviant students share a common reliance on behavioral modeling and cognitive self-management techniques, and each focuses helping them to recognize potential problems, exercise self-restraint, assess consequences, and makes them carry out plans to achieve desired outcomes (Gottfredson, Gottfredson, & Skroban, 1998).

Intervention for related problem. When peer problems co-occur with serious academic problems, students may need intensive academic intervention if they are to become accepted members of their classroom groups. Similarly, students should be given school support for dealing with family problems, when possible, to minimize potential adverse effects on the students¡¦ peer relations (Coie & Krehbiel, 1984).

Non-threatening social experiences. Shy students may benefit from opportunities to interact with peers in small groups because large groups can be threatening to the students who lack self-confidence. Parents can encourage shy students to invite their peers for activities, and develop extracurricular interests (e.g., involving music or art) that will provide a natural basis for interacting with other children. It aims to boost the self-confidence of shy students and help them to start friendships in the process.

Cooperative classroom projects. It can foster peer acceptance of students who are trying to improve their social reputation, including children who are seen differently by their classmates. Teachers should assign interesting but not difficult tasks to small working groups. Students have good chances to interact and cooperate with one another. They need to develop their interpersonal skills and often discover new bases for liking others (Isaacs, 1985).

For Special Education Programs.

It is suggested that school can attempt to implement a comprehensive prevention program aiming at increasing social competencies, social bonding, and school success (Gottfredson et al., 1998). Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990) have integrated these components in a simple general theory of low self-control as a stable trait useful in the explanation of a variety of forms of crime and other deviant behavior. Bandura¡¦s theory (1982) also emphasizes the importance of social-cognitive styles for explaining many behavioral outcomes. A number of programs to promote social competence have been developed and tested. These programs focus developing a range of cognitive and behavioral skills necessary to cope with social challenges and integrate feelings, thinking, and actions to achieve specific goals.

On the other hand, involvement in structured activities will cut down student¡¦s deviant behavior. Outdoor education programs can be employed for treating deviant behavior students. The most popular ones are wilderness camping; they can be long-term residential camps and short-term camps (e.g., summer programs, month-long programs, and day camps). In addition, the outdoor education can be integrated into the curriculum or combined with academic programs (i.e., high-adventure programs). Deviant behavior students can benefit from the activities that are challenging to students. Camping, hiking, rock climbing, ropes courses, initiative games, cross-country, cycling, canoeing, and backpacking are all activities that can be adapted to the novice and do not require exceptionally high physical ability.

Although not all schools will provide these activities, there are near-school activities which are also valuable. Field trips emphasize nature study, environmental education, conservation of natural resources, awareness of outside world, local history, community services, nutrition and physical education. Health education can be a good learning experience for deviant behavior students.

Parents¡¦ Roles in Education

Generally speaking, inappropriate behaviors are consistently discouraged in both home and school. Cooperation between parents and teachers makes a formidable team that provides consistency across ecosystems, and avoids pitting home against school. Parents significantly affect students¡¦ development in schools, and parental involvement also enhances counseling efforts with students. Four major roles of parents in schools have been identified below. In essence, parents can be supporters of their children¡¦s classroom efforts, motivators and teachers, advocates of educational competence, and providers of independence training (Ehrlich, 1981).

Supporters. Parental involvement in schools can reduce the classroom anxiety of children because children can find support. Parents may show interest in their children¡¦s academic efforts by verbally praising their achievements, attending parent-teacher meetings, and taking time to discuss homework or school-related problems at home. Parental support has a significant positive relationship with the academic achievement, self-esteem and positive attitudes of the children (Moreno, 1981).

Motivators and teachers. Parents also provide academic assistance at home by tutoring or by reading with their children can often improve their children¡¦s academic performance. Studying regularly at home can train and motivate the children to learn spontaneously. It is also desirable to offer a quiet, nice place for their children to study. The strength of parental involvement as a motivator is demonstrated in numerous studies. It has been shown that students¡¦ in-class behaviors are improved when classroom rewards for appropriate behavior are coupled with rewards dispensed by parents at home (Schergens, 1980).

Advocates. Parents can provide relevant educating materials, set realistic expectations and achievable standards for achievement, and encourage and direct their children toward intellectual pursuits. It is effective to communicate explicitly with their children. Very often, children adopt the positive parental attitudes and values toward schooling. It has been proved in recent studies that positive attitudes and active involvement with schools can help children to correct inadequate schoolwork and achieve high grades. Certainly, these are important for children¡¦s achievement (o (Lancy & Bergin, 1992; Rubin, 1979).

Providers of independence. Parents who provide independence training are usually warm to and supportive of their children. They make demands for self-reliant behaviors. As a result, their children often become independent learners and participate in family activities (Moreno, 1981; Rubin, 1979).

Essence of Education

Nowadays, most people regard that teachers have many difficulties during teaching in Hong Kong, but I regard as the responsibilities of a teacher. There are so many factors affecting the successful education. Moreover, Hong Kong focuses on examination oriented teaching and it does not allow to put too much effort on non-examination matters. 

I recommend teachers should come to think about the essential elements for students' learning. Four major components in student¡¦s learning are cognition, affection, motivation, and behavior. The first component cognition means the teacher¡¦s subject knowledge and teaching skills. Affection means the student-teacher relation. Motivation means the motive of students in learning. Behavior means their classroom behaviors. Four components are inter-related, and we should think about them in our teaching. 

Different students have different abilities. Academic abilities vary from students to students and so teachers should treat them in different ways and employ different methodologies in teaching, and should have different expectations on them. Therefore, the lower achievers can catch up with the teaching progress and the better students will not be bored. If the lower achievers cannot follow the teaching, they may lose their interests and it leads to disciplinary problems.

In addition, students have different potentials and therefore, teachers should help them explore their potentials and their mental and psychological development. More goal-orientated activities should be provided and students are encouraged to participate in more extracurricular activities. Schools should emphasize success in other aspects other than academics. Let them find their self-identities and elaborate their strengths, in turn increasing their self-concepts. Therefore, they can study and grow happily, meaningfully and healthily.

Schools should inculcate the correct and healthy moral senses to them and teach them to respect the laws and rules of society, then students can behave as good citizens. The civic and moral education should be integrated into any related subjects and school activities and not just a minor single subject. Furthermore, outside school services for the public and the weak should be recommended to let them understand the structure of society and the unfortunates around them. They then aware that they are not the unlucky persons. They should treasure everything. Nothing is taken for granted.

Finally, schools should understand their students. Recently, some social problems caused by students have brought to the concern of society like suicides, drug abuses, violence, and delinquency. Teachers should help students as early as possible. Prevention is better than remedy. If teachers give up their students, students will give up themselves too. Encouragement is more effective than punishment. Teachers should understand why students behave poorly and help them to improve. Only punishment without guidance cannot reach the targets. Teachers should find the roots of the problems, active is better than passive. We should provide a happy, lively and warm learning environment to our students. We hope our students will change, they may not be the best but they can be improved!

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IT on Education

Application of Information Technology (IT) on education is a new concept of education. The most important is the using of high technology to seek, apply, and proceed the information. The powerful tools are the combination of computer, internet, educational software.

By computer, teaching materials can be prepared and presented in a more efficient and attractive means. Some abstract and boring topics can be repackaged to a more realistic and active ones. Via internet, students and teachers can obtain a vast volume of learning materials. It seems unlimited. Everyone can select the appropriate materials for themselves. It means learning by oneself and prolongs the learning of everyone. Through educational software, teachers can prepare a well-programmed lecture, and students can participate the interactive learning. Students can also adjust the learning at their own progresses.

It seems that IT on education sounds very high, but it is just a tool in the course of learning, and not for all. IT can act as an assistance and cannot dominate the lecture. Why do students learn? How do students learn? What do you expect a student to learn? Teachers should think thoroughly the psychological progress of a student during learning, that is more important than application of IT. Try to imagine that teachers transfer the same materials from blackboard to overhead projector, then from overhead projector to computer (e.g. Powerpoint). Their teaching methodologies are still unchanged, so what the difference it is. The colourful pictures from computer can only stimulate students for a while, but they will not be so excited if these methods are usual.

Moreover, learning was active and interactive. Let the students discuss more in the class and teaching should be focus more on student-center.

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