SHORT ANSWER.  Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

1)  The transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity is called __________.

2)  The difference between the daily maximum temperature and the daily minimum temperature is known as the __________.

3)  Light that is scattered and eventually reaches Earth's surface after having its direction changed is called __________ light.

4)  Above the stratosphere is a layer called the __________ where temperatures decrease with an increase in altitude.

5)  The transfer of heat by mass movement within substance is referred to as __________.

6)  The aggregate or composite of weather is called __________.

7)  The closest invisible wavelengths to violet on the electromagnetic spectrum are called __________ and are responsible for sunburns.

8)  The __________ is an average of the twelve monthly means.

9)  Lines that connect places of equal temperature are called __________.

10)  On about July 4, Earth is 152 million kilometers from the Sun, farther away than at any other time. This position is called __________.

11)  Located adjacent to red on the electromagnetic spectrum, and having a longer wavelength, is __________ radiation, which we cannot see but which we can detect as heat.

12)  Practically all clouds and storms occur in this atmospheric layer.

13)  The term __________ is usually reserved for horizontal convective motions such as winds.

14)  List the two principal motions of Earth.

15)  List three mechanisms of heat transfer.

16)  The state of the atmosphere at any given time and place defines the __________.

17)  The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is __________.

18)  The process of converting a liquid to a vapor is termed __________.

19)  The term used to indicate a cloud found in the middle height range is __________.

20)  Deserts that are cut off from moisture by mountain ranges are termed __________ deserts.

21)  The term used to describe clouds that consist of globular masses that take on a billowy form is __________.

22)  Thunder and lightning are normally associated with __________ clouds.

23)  The __________ is the temperature to which a parcel of air would need to be cooled in order to reach saturation.

24)  High clouds that form delicate veil-like patches or wispy fibers are called __________.

25)  A wintertime form of precipitation that consists of small ice particles is called __________.

26)  A measurement that indicates how near the air is to saturation is called __________.

27)  Ozone is concentrated in which atmospheric layer?

28)  The __________ is computed by finding the difference between the highest and lowest monthly means.

29)  The fraction of the total radiation that is reflected by a surface is called its __________.

30)  The line separating the dark half of Earth from the lighted half is called the __________.

 

 

31)  A dark gray cloud that blankets the sky and often generates precipitation is called __________.

32)  The process by which water vapor changes directly to a solid is called __________.

33)  The change of state from a gas to a liquid is called __________.

34)  Each year, on about January 3, Earth is 147 million kilometers from the Sun, closer than at any other time. This position is called __________.

35)  List the two most important heat-absorbing gases in the lower atmosphere.