Courses are conducting

Conducting Courses:

1st Year 2nd Semester Ph-113 (CE)/ Ph-123 (EEE)/Ph-133(ME), Physics II, 4 hours/week, Credit: 4
Waves and Oscillations, Acoustics
*(Notes of Lectures in detail)*	Contents:- 1. Oscillations: The Restoring Force, The Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), The Equation of Simple Harmonic Motion , Solution of the Equation of Simple Harmonic Motion, Physical significance of the constants w₀, x_m and f, Maximum displacement, velocity and acceleration, Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion, Applications of Simple Harmonic Motion, The physical pendulum, Damped Harmonic Motion, Solution of the equation of damped harmonic motion, Forced Oscillations, Amplitude of forced oscillator and resonance, Superposition of SHM, Lissajous’ figures, Superposition of two perpendicular harmonic oscillations, Examples. 2. Wave Motion: Mechanical Waves, Types of Waves, Transverse wave, Longitudinal wave, Traveling waves, Sinusoidal waves, The Wave Equation, Energy Transport in Traveling Waves, 2.5 Interference of Waves, Standing Waves, Nodes and antinodes, Resonance in a vibrational string, Examples. 3. Acoustics: Beats, The Doppler Effect, Building Acoustics, Reverberation, Sabine’s reverberation formula, Examples.
Heat and Thermodynamics
(Notes of Lectures in detail)	Contents:- 1. Kinetic Theory of Gases: Concept of Ideal or Perfect gas, The Kinetic Interpretation of a Gas, Postulates of the kinetic theory of gases, The kinetic pressure of a gas, Kinetic energy per unit volume, Kinetic interpretation of temperature, The Mean Free Path, Definition, Expression for mean free path, Examples. 2. Equation of State: The van der Waals Equation of State, Van der Waals curve, Critical constants, Van der Waals constants, Examples. 3. Thermal Conductivity: Thermal Conductivity, Rectilinear Flow of Heat, Cylindrical Flow of Heat, Spherical Flow of Heat, Heat Flow through Compound Walls, Examples. 4. Thermodynamics: Scope of Thermodynamics, The Zeroth Law, Concept of heat, First Law of Thermodynamics, Thermodynamic equilibrium, Thermodynamic processes, Internal energy, Statement and explanation of 1st law, Application of the First Law, Specific heat of a gas, Difference between two specific heats of a gas, Quasi-static process, Isothermal process, Adiabatic process, Isobaric process, Isochoric process, Adiabatic equation of a perfect gas, Work done during an adiabatic process, Work done during an isothermal process, Work done during an isobaric process, Examples, Second Law of Thermodynamics, Irreversible process, Reversible process, Efficiency of a heat engine, Carnot engine and Carnot cycle, Statement of second law of thermodynamics, Carnot’s theorem, Examples, Entropy, Concept of entropy, Change of entropy in a reversible cycle, Change of entropy in an irreversible cycle, Degradation of energy, Entropy and disorder, Examples. Third Law of Thermodynamics,
Properties of Matter
(Notes of Lectures in detail)	Contents:- 1. Gravitation: Newton’s Law of Gravitation, Gravitational force and intensity, Gravitational potential, Gravitational Potential Due to a Spherical Shell: (a) At a point outside the shell, (b) At a point on the surface of the shell, (c) At a point inside the shell, Gravitational Potential Due to a Solid Sphere: (a) At a point outside the sphere, (b) At a point on the surface of the sphere, (c) At a point inside the sphere, Kepler’s Law of Planetary Motion, Velocity of a Satellite, Escape Velocity, Examples. 2. Elasticity: Different Terms of Elasticity, Hooke’s Law, Modulii of Elasticity, Young’s modulus, Modulus of rigidity, Bulk modulus, Poisson’s Ratio, Relation Connecting the Elastic Constants, Work due to Strain, Bending of Beams, Bending moment, Cantilever, Examples. 3. Surface Tension: Definitions of Different Terms, Examples of Surface Tension, Molecular Theory of Surface Tension, Excess Pressure, Surface energy, Excess pressure inside a liquid drop and soap bubble, Excess pressure of a curved surface, Angle of Contact, Capillarity, Surface Tension of Water, Examples.
Electricity and Magnetism
(Notes of Lectures in detail)	Contents:- 1. Gauss's Law: The Electric Field, Electric Field Lines, The Flux of the Electric Field, Gauss’s Law, Coulomb’s Law from Gauss’s Law, Applications of Gauss’s Law, Infinite line of charge, Infinite sheet of charge, A spherical shell of charge, Spherical symmetric charge distribution, Examples. 2. Electric Potential: Potential Difference and Potential, Relation Between E and V, Potential when E is uniform, Potential when E is not uniform, Calculation of Potential, Potential due to a point charge, Potential due to a collection of point charges, Potential due to a dipole, Potential due to a quadrupole, A Dipole in an Electric Field. 3. Magnetic Field due to Current: Magnetic Field Produced by Current, Magnetic Field Due to a Moving Charge, The Biot-Savart Law, Applications of Biot-Savart law, A straight wire segment, A circular current loop, Magnetic Field in a Solenoid, Loosely wire wound solenoid, Closely wire wound solenoid, Ampere’s Law, Application of Ampere’s Law, A long straight wire, A solenoid, A toroid, Examples. 4. Faraday's Law of induction: Faraday’s Experiment, Faraday’s Law, Lenz’s Law, Eddy Current, Inductance, Self inductance, Mutual inductance, Examples. 5. Magnetic Properties of Matter: The Magnetic Dipole, The field of a dipole, Induced magnetic dipole moment, Magnetization, Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism, Ferromagnetism, Ferrimagnetism, Three Magnetic Vectors, Magnetic Permeability, Magnetic Susceptibility, Magnetic Hysteresis, Examples.
2nd Year 1st Semester Ph-211 (CE)/Ph-221 (EEE)/Ph-231(ME), Physics III, 4 hours/week, Credit: 4
Optics
*(Notes of Lectures in detail)*	Contents:- 1. Interference of Light: Introduction to Wave Optics, The superposition of waves, Definition of interference, Huygens’ principle, Young’s Experiment, Coherent sources, Analytical treatment of interference, Fresnel’s biprism, Reflection from a plane-parallel film, Newton’s ring , Examples. 2. Diffraction: Definition, Classes of diffraction, Fraunhofer diffraction, Fresnel diffraction, Diffraction by a single slit, Diffraction by double slit, Diffraction grating, Definition, Intensity of a grating, Dispersion of a grating, Resolving power of a grating, Examples. 3. Polarization: Definition of polarization, The plane polarized light, Polarization by reflection and refraction, Polarization by double refraction, Optic axis, Nicol prism, Intensity of polarized light: Malus’ law, Elliptically and circularly polarized light, Quarter wave-plate, Half wave-plate, Examples. 4. Basic Idea of Lasers: Properties of laser, Interactions of matter and radiation, Induced absorption, Spontaneous emission, Stimulated emission, Population inversion, Working method of a laser, The three-level laser, The ruby laser, The helium neon laser (a four-level laser), Examples.
Modern Physics
*(Notes of Lectures in detail)*	Contents:- 1. Theory of Relativity: Introduction, Frame of reference, The Galilean transformation equations, Postulates of special theory of relativity, The Lorentz transformation equations, Length contraction, Time dilation, Twin paradox, Variation of mass with velocity, Einstein mass energy relation, Examples. 2. Atomic Structure: Introduction, Thomson atom model, Rutherford atom model, Bohr tom model, Explanation of Bohr model, Electron energy in a orbit, Spectral series of hydrogen atom, Sommerfeld relativistic atom model, Examples. 3. Particle Properties of Waves: Principle of duality, Dual nature of matter particle, Photoelectric effect, X-ray and X-ray diffraction, The Compton effect, Pair production, Examples. 4. Wave Properties of Particles: De Broglie waves, Phase velocity and group velocity & their physical significance, Uncertainty principle, Wave function, Schrödinger equations, Simple application of Schrödinger equation (particle in a box), Examples. 5. Atomic Nucleus: Nuclear binding energy, Mass defect, Nuclear force, Nuclear fission, Nuclear fusion, Examples. 6. Nuclear Transformation: Radioactive decay, Law of radioactivity, Half-life, Mean-life, Successive disintegration, Examples. 7. Solid State Physics: Crystalline and amorphous solid, Crystal structure, Miller indices, Crystal lattice, Packing fraction, Ionic crystal, Energy bands, Examples.