Justin Franklin

Mr. Haskell

History

March 10 2005

CH. 28

Soviet- In Petrograd and other cities, they set up soviets, or councils of workers and soldiers. At first, the soviets worked democratically within the government.

command economy- the soviet union developed a command economy, in which fovernment officials made all basic economic decisions. Under Stalin, the government owned all businesses and allocated financial and other resources.

Collective- Stalin forced peasants to give up their private plots and live on either state-owned and operated by peasants as a group. Peasants were allowed to keep their house and personal belongings, but all farm animals and implements were to be turned over to the collective.

Kulak- Stalin sought to destroy the kulaks, or wealthy peasants. The government confiscated kulaks’ land and sent them to labor camps.

totalitarian state- Marx turned the Soviet Union into a totalitarian state. In this form of government, a one-party dictatorship attempts to regulate every aspect of the lives of its citizens.

socialist realism- stalin forced artists and writers to conform to a style called socialist realism. Its goal was to boost socialism by showing Soviet life in a positive light.

Lenin- the execution branded the entire family and instilled in young Vladimir a lifetime hatred for the czarist government. Lenin threw himself into the work of furthering the revolution, assisted by another committed Marxist revolutionary, Leon Trotsky.

Osip Mandelstam- the jewish poet Osip Mandelstam was imprisoned, tortured, and exiled for composing a satirical verse about Stalin.

Nicholas II- was a weak and ineffectual man and blocked attempts to limit his authority. He relied on the secret police and other enforcers to impose his will.

Gregory Rasputin- an illiterate Siberian peasant, Rasputin was not actually a monk in the Russian Orthodox Church. Alexandra though that he was sent by God to save Russia and the Romanov Dynasty.

Joseph Stalin- with political cunning, Stalin put his own supporters into top jobs and isolated Trotsky within the party. Once in power, Stalin set out to make the Soviet Union into a modern industrial power.

Stalin's 5 Year Plan- in 1928, he proposed the first of several five year plans aimed at building heavy industry, improving transportation, and increasing farm output. His five years plans set high production goals, especially for heavy industry and transportation.

socialist realism- - stalin forced artists and writers to conform to a style called socialist realism. Its goal was to boost socialism by showing Soviet life in a positive light.

totalitarian state- - Marx turned the Soviet Union into a totalitarian state. In this form of government, a one-party dictatorship attempts to regulate every aspect of the lives of its citizens.

Anna Akhmatova- one of Russia’s greatest poets, fell out of favor because her poetry did not stress communist ideas. She went on writing in secreat and wrote the Requiem, in which she described the daily ordeal of trying to visit her imprisoned 20 year old son.

V.I. Lenin- Lenin threw himself into the work of furthering the revolution, assisted by another committed Marxist revolutionary, Leon Trotsky.

Mikhail Sholokhov- his novel passed the censor and it talked about the story of a man who spends years fighting in World War I, the Russian Revolution, and the civil war. Later, he became one of the few Soviet writers to win the Nobel Prize for literature.

Joseph Stalin- With political cunning, Stalin put his own supporters into top jobs and isolated Trotsky within the party. Once in power, Stalin set out to make the Soviet Union into a modern industrial power.

Leon Trotsky- at Lenin’s death, Trotsky and Stalin jockeyed for the position. Trotsky was a firm Marxist and urged support for a worldwide revolution against capitalism.

socialist revolution-

Bolshevik Revolution- the Bolsheviks ended private ownership of land and distributed land to peasants. Workers were given control of the factories and mines.

Lenin's New Economic Policy- in 1921, Lenin adopted the New economic policy, or NEP. It allowed some capitalist ventures. While the state kept control of banks, foreign trade, and large industries, small businesses were allowed to reopen for private profit.

Stalin- Under Stalin, writers, artists, and composers faced persecution. He made the five year plan which was aimed at building heavy industry and improving transportation.

Stalin's 5 Year Plan- - in 1928, he proposed the first of several five year plans aimed at building heavy industry, improving transportation, and increasing farm output. His five years plans set high production goals, especially for heavy industry and transportation.

The arts under Stalin-the heavy hand of state control gripped the arts. Artists and writers could criticize the bourgeois past or even, to a limited degree, point out mistakes under communism.

List three causes of the 1917 revolution in Russia- by march 1917, disasters on the battlefield, combined with food and fuel shortages on the home front, brought the monarchy to collapse. Marchers, mostly women, were surging through the streets for bread.