Definition
Standards are the essence to making products,
they are the description of how a product is going to be designed and what specifications
it should have. This is done so the customers can compare and choose between
different manufacturers' products that could vary in many aspects e.g. cost
or features but still have the same basic specifications that would make them
compatible with one another, this also benefits the manufacturers because it
insures possible customers that the products are reliable and compatible with
other products. In the case of the networking industry this allows customers
to purchase products from different manufacturers and they would be compatible
because the same standards have been used. This makes it easier to design and
create networks. Standards are developed by recognized standards organizations.
Standards Organizations
ANSI
Short for American National Standards Institution, it is an organization that includes over a thousand employees from the industry and government that develop standards in many fields including the computer industry. This organization also acts on behalf of USA in developing international standards.
EIA
Short for Electronic Industries Alliance, it is a trade organization that includes representations from electronics manufacturers based in USA. These people develop standards for the computer industry as well as other fields. This organization also assists the ANSI in developing standards.
IEEE
Short for Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, it is an international organization that focuses on a lot of things that concern the electrical engineering and computer science areas. It also has a department that develops its own standards and that assists other bodies such as ANSI in developing standards.
ISO
International Organization for Standardization, it is an organization that represents about 130 countries and operates in a lot of fields including the computer industry. In the computer industry it concentrates on the development of standards in a lot of areas but also in the computer industry.
ITU
Short for International Telecommunication Union, it is United Nations agency that includes members from around 188 countries. Its main focus is the international communications including the network infrastructure.
IEEE 802
Definition
The Project 802 is a set of standards that was developed bay the IEEE before the OSI model had been standardized by the ISO. These standard specifications apply to most aspects of networking.
IEEE 802.1
Networking standard for forms of internetwork communications and routing, bridging.
IEEE 802.2
Networking standard for Logical Link Control that refers to as data frames error and flow control.
IEEE 802.3
Networking standard for all Ethernet implementations including media and interfaces.
IEEE 802.4
Networking standard for all Token Bus implementations including media and interfaces.
IEEE 802.5
Networking standard for all Token Ring implementations including media and interfaces.
IEEE 802.6
Networking standard for MAN technologies including addressing and services.
IEEE 802.7
Networking standard for the Broadband Technical Advisory Group and it includes broadband networking media, interfaces and other equipment.
IEEE 802.8
Networking standard for the Fiber-OpticTechnical Advisory Group and it includes use of fiber-optic media and technologies for different network types.
IEEE 802.9
Networking standard for Integrated Voice/Data Networks and it includes the integration of voice and data traffic over a single network medium.
IEEE 802.10
Networking standard for Network Security and it includes network access controls, encryption, certification and other security issues.
IEEE 802.11
Networking standard for wireless networking with variable frequency ranges and
data transfer rates.
IEEE 802.12
Networking standard for High-Speed Networking and includes a variety of 100Mbps+ technologies and 100BASEVG-AnyLAN.