CHURCH HISTORY

SECULAR HISTORY

ca 7/6 BC Birth of Jesus Christ

ca 30/33 AD(7 April, Friday) Jesus’ death on the cross

ca 36 Conversion of St. Paul

46-57 Missionary journeys of St. Paul

50 – 120 Composition of the Books of the New Testament

ca 67-68 Martyrdom of Sts. Peter and Paul in Rome

67 – 76 Linus, 1^st Successor of St. Peter as Bishop of Rome

76 - 88 Anacletus, 2^nd Succes-sor of Peter as Bishop of Rome

90 - 99 Clement, Bishop of Rome

63 BC Pompey brings Palestine under the Roman rule

37 – 4 BC  King Herod the Great

31 BC – 14 AD Emperor Augustus

6 AD  Archelaus ousted

14-37 AD Reign of Tiberius

26 – 36 Pontius Pilate, Roman procurator in Palestine

41 – 51 Reign of Claudius

50-116 Cornelius Tacitus, Roman Historian

54 – 68 Reign of Nero

64 Fire of Rome

66 – 70 1^st Jewish Revolt against the Romans

70 Destruction of the Temple by Titus, son of Emperor Vespasian (69-79)

81 – 96 Reign of Domitian

CHURCH HISTORY

SECULAR HISTORY

140 Age of Christian Apologists

ca 160 death of Marcion

ca 180 death of Montanus

ca 180

Schools for catechumens in Alexandria, Caesarea

Theological debates within the Church against heresies

196 Victor I, Bishop of Rome (189-199) settles the dispute over the feast of Easter

Increase respect accorded to the pre-eminence of the Roman church and its bishop

·        Anti-popes Hippolytus (217-235) and Novatian (251-258)

202 – 249 Systematic persecution of Christians

ca 220 Death of Tertullian

250 – 251 1^st Universal persecution of Christians

254 Death of Origen

255 - 257 Disputes over baptism of heretics

ca 270 Beginning eremitical life in Egypt (St. Anthony, d. 356)

98 – 117 Reign of Trajan

112 Trajan’s Rescript (basis for going against the Christians)

117 – 138 Emperor Hadrian

161 – 180 Marcus Aurelius

193 – 211 Reign of Septimius Severus

216 –276 Mani, founder of Manichaenism

249 – 251 Reign of Decius

253 – 260 Reign of Valerian

284 – 305 Reign of Diocletian

293 Restructuring of the Roman Empire by Diocletian

313 AD Edict of Milan

(Constantinian Christianity)

325 Council of Nicea

381 Council of Constantinople I

391 Christianity become the state religion of the Empire by Emperor Theodosius

431 Council of Ephesus

440-461 Leo I, the Great

451 Council of Chalcedon

496 Baptism of Clovis – king of the Franks

529 Founding of the Monte Casino by St. Benedict of Nursia (d. 547)

553 Council of Constaninople II

590 – 604 Pope Gregory I, the Great

680 – 681 Constantinople III

311 ­­ Edict of Toleration by Emperor Galerius

312 Battle at the Milvian Bridge

330 Consecration of the New imperial city Constantinople (New Rome)

375 Beginning of Tribal migration (spread of Arianism)

395 Division of the Roman Empire into Eastern and Western Empires

410 Rome sacked by Visigoths (Alaric)

455 Sack of Rome by Vandals (Genseric)

476 End of Western Roman Empire – Odoacer rules

476 Downfall of the Western Roman Empire (Emperor Romulus Augustulus deposed by Odoacer)

532 Fall of the Burgundian k.

533 Fall of the Vandal K.

553 Fall of Ostrogoth K.

570 Birth of Muhammad in Medina (d. 632)

CHURCH HISTORY

SECULAR HISTORY

730 onward Iconoclastic Controvery decreed by Emperor Leo III (731-741)

787 Second Council of Nicaea

858 - 867 Pope Nicholas I

858 - tension between Rome and Photius, the Patriarch of Constantinople

860 onward - mission to the Slavs led by Methodius (d. 885) and Cyril (d.868)

869 - 70 Constantinople IV

910 Founding of the Monastery of Cluny

German popes:

Gregory V (996-999)

Clement II (1046 - 1047)

Damasus II (1048)

Leo IX (1049-1054)

Victor II (1055 - 1057)

Stephen IX (1057 - 1058)

1001 Founding of the archbishoprics of  Gniezno (Poland) and Esztergom (Hungary)

1054 Schism of Eastern Church

1059 Regulations concerning papal elections (laid down by Pope Nicholas II, 1058-1061)

1073 - 1085 Pope Gregory VII

1075 Prohibition of Lay Investiture

1077 (January 25-27) Emperor Henry IV does penance at Canossa

1096 - 1270 Crusades

1090 - 1153 Bernard of Clairvaux

1098 - 1179 Hildegard of Bingen

1122 "Concordat" of Worms

1140 Cathars became active, esp. in Southern France

1159 - 1177 Papal Schism

1176 Waldensians became active

1182 - 1226 Francis of Assisi

1184 Synod of Verona: introduction to the Episcopal Inquisition

Theologians:

Albert the Great (1193-1280)

Bonaventure (1221-1274)

Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)

Duns Scotus (1266 - 1308)

1198 - 1216 Pope Innocent III

1209-1229 Albigensian Wars waged by Simon de Montfort and Louis VIII

1224 Introduction of the Inquisition into Lombardy (by agreement bet. Pope Gregory IX and Emperor Fredrick II), extended to the entire Empire in 1232

1231 Establishment of the Papal Inquisition

1264 Introduction of the Feast of Corpus Christi

New Religious Orders:

Carthusians (1084)

Cistercians (1098)

Premonstratensians (1126)

Carmelites (1156)

Franciscans (1210 or 1223)

Dominicans (1216)

Hermits of St. Augustine (1256)

1294 - 1303 Pope Boniface VIII

1309 - 1384 Captivity of the Popes in Avignon

754 Pope Stephen II (752-757) anoints Pippin the Short king of the Franks and named him “Patricius Romanorum”

756 The Peace of Pavia ("Donation of Pippin")

768 - 814 Emperor Charles the Great (Charlemagne)

800 Coronation of Charlemagne in Rome

919-1024 Saxon domination of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire

955 Victory of Otto I over the Hungarians at Lechfield

1024 - 1125 Salic or Frankish emperors

1042 King Edward the Confessor in England

1056 - 1106 Emperor Frederick IV in Germany

1066 Norman invasion of England

1076 Jerusalem captured by the Turks

1076 (January 24) Deposition of Pope Gregory VII by the Synod of Worms

1079 - 1142 Peter Abelard

1147 Crusades against the Wends, led by Henry the Lion (1130-1195)

1150 Founding of the University of Paris

1152 - 1190 Emperor Frederick I, Barbarossa

1204 -1261 Latin Empire of Constantinople

1215 Magna Carta

1222 Founding of the University of Padua

1224 Founding of the University of Naples