Background to Australian Immigration Policy in the 1950's
During the fifties, immigration into Australia was governed by what is called 'The White Australian Policy'. This policy promoted the immigration of white, Anglo Saxon and European immigrants. Although 'sponsorship' of immigrants was an integral part of the policy, this did not always mean that Australia was developing a skill base to meet her growing needs. Rather it encouraged the continuation of the prevailing culture, traditions and beliefs.
English families were able to emigrate, sponsored by a relative already living in Australia, for the princely sum of ten pounds. However, immigrants were expected to live independently after their arrival, as there was virtually no other means of financial support.
Dependence upon the State for income support was not an option, nor was there unemployment benefits or any family payments apart from Family Allowance - then not immediately available to immigrants. Many immigrants lived in transition camps until they were self supporting.
Most immigrants arrived by boat and the trip generally took 4 - 6 weeks. There were restrictions on luggage and often this move was taken with severe reservations, as it was a total separation from known life-styles and environments.
While these Immigration Policies are now severely criticised and constantly viewed as Racial, they were in the context of the times, consistent with both prevailing political and social attitudes. The option offered individuals and families a chance to re-establish themselves under a 'new order' with increased opportunities for change. |
