STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF DRY YEAST THIAMINE AND BIOTIN ON THE GROWTH AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF    BLACK CUMIN ( NIGELLA  SATIVA L.)

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Naguib, Nabila¹, Y. and Mona, Y.Khalil¹

Abstract

Two  field  trials  in  a  randomized  block design were carried out at National Research Centre Farm at Giza during the two successive seasons (1998/1999 and 1999/2000) to study the response of Nigella  sativa L. to foliar spray of  dry yeast, thiamine and biotin single or in combination. Promising effects of various treatments were observed on all the studied parameters during the two growing seasons. The pronounced increments in vegetative growth, seed index and yield as well as fixed oil, essential oil, fatty acids, protein and N, P and K percentages were obtained from the combined treatment of 2gm/L dry yeast  and  thiamine  at 20 ppm.  As  foliar  application. On the other hand unsaponifiable matters, alkaloids and total soluble sugars percentages were decreased in seeds of treated plants. The two oxygenated compounds (thymoquinone and carvone ) were the major components in the volatile oil . They composed (26.18%) and (13.21%) in oil of untreated plants respectively. Limonene and γ-terpinene had higher  values  among  hydrocarbons  in  the oil of Nigella sativa. Data of fatty acid constituents in fixed oil revealed that  the  total  percentage  of unsaturated fatty acids was higher than the saturated. Also, it could be observed that Linoleic was the major component. The obtained results cleared the beneficial effect of treatments with the superiority of yeast at 2gm/L combined with 20 ppm thiamine in increasing Nigella sativa seed yield with good quality.