MICHEL THOMAS SPANISH (ADVANCED) COURSE, 4 CDs
TRANSCRIPT
This is an approximate transcript of the course, since Michel often changed his mind in the middle of a sentence to be translated, or adapted his sentences for the students. The booklet that accompanied Michel's courses was wholly inadequate, so I have written this transcript. I have found it useful, so maybe other people will, too.
Naturally, it would be foolish to try to learn the language using this transcript, without buying the recordings.
Note that English is my native language, so I don't guarantee that there are no mistakes. Tracks and track times in the recording are shown in brackets.
Version 2, Aug 16th 2006
Transcribed by JK
CD 1 (74.10)
(1) 6.43
to buy comprar
I am buying it lo compro
I don't buy it because it is very expensive no lo compro porque es muy caro
why don't you buy it? ¿por qué no lo compra?
why aren't you buying it? ¿por qué no lo compra?
to understand comprender, entender
I understand comprendo
I understand it lo entiendo
you understand comprende, entiende
why don't you understand me? ¿por qué no me entiende?
why don't you understand me? (friend) ¿por qué no me entiendes?
why don't you understand me? (plural) ¿por qué no me entienden?
they don't understand me no me entienden
he is preparing it for me lo prepara para mí
(2) 2.39
he is right now preparing it for me está preparándolo, lo está preparando
why don't you do it? ¿por qué no lo hace?
why aren't you doing it? (friend) ¿por qué no lo haces?
why don't you do it? (plural) ¿por qué no lo hacen?
he is right now in the process of doing it está haciéndolo, lo está haciendo
he is leaving right now está saliendo
he is leaving tomorrow está saliendo mañana
(3) 6.05
I don't understand what you are saying no comprendo lo que dice
to say, to tell decir
they are telling me me dicen
you are telling me me dice
why don't you tell me? (plural) ¿por qué no me dicen?
why don't you tell me? (friend) ¿por qué no me dices?
we are telling you le decimos
to understand entender, comprender
why don't you understand me? ¿por qué no me comprende?
why don't you understand me? ¿por qué no me entiende?
to start, to commence empezar, comencar
why don't you start? ¿por qué no empieza?
why don't you start? (plural) ¿por qué no empiezan?
I am starting now empiezo ahora
why don't you start? (friend) ¿por qué no comiencas?
why don't you start? (friend) ¿por qué no empiezas?
to buy comprar
I don't buy it no lo compro
why don't you buy it? (friend) ¿por qué no lo compras?
why don't you buy it? (plural) ¿por qué no lo compran?
we are buying it lo compramos
(4) 8.08
you are not buying the house, he is not buying the house no compra la casa
buy the house! ¡compre la casa!
don't buy it! ¡no lo compre!
don't buy it! (friend) ¡no lo compres!
don't buy it! (plural) ¡no lo compren!
buy it! ¡comprelo!
don't buy it! ¡no lo compre!
buy it! (plural) ¡comprenlo!
don't buy them! (plural) ¡no los compren!
don't buy them! (friend) ¡no los compres!
(for a positive command, talking to a friend, you don't switch tracks and you drop the -s)
buy it! (friend) ¡compralo!
to call llamar
I am calling you le llamo
I am calling you (friend) te llamo
he is calling me me llama
why don't you call me? (friend) ¿por qué no me llamas?
why don't you call me? (plural) ¿por qué no me llaman?
we are calling you le llamamos
we are calling you (friend) te llamamos
call me tomorrow! ¡llameme mañana!
don't call me today! ¡no me llame hoy!
don't call me today! (friend) ¡no me llames hoy!
call me! (friend) ¡llamame!
call me! ¡llameme!
(5) 4.37
to have tener
you have tiene
why don't you have it for me? ¿por qué no lo tiene para mí?
we don't have it no lo tenemos
I have tengo
I have it lo tengo
I don't have it no lo tengo
I have to see it tengo que verlo
to say, to tell decir
you say, you tell dice
I tell digo
I am telling you le digo
I am telling you (friend) te digo
why don't you tell me? (friend) ¿por qué no me dices?
why don't you tell me? (plural) ¿por qué no me dicen?
I have tengo
I am telling, I am saying digo
to have tener
to come venir
he is coming with us viene con nosotros
we are coming venimos
I am coming vengo
to do, to make hacer
what are you doing? ¿qué hace?
(6) 2.28
to know saber
do you know it? ¿lo sabe?
do you know it? (friend) ¿lo sabes?
why don't you know it? (plural) ¿por qué no lo saben?
we know it lo sabemos
I know it lo sé
I don't know it no lo sé
to know (general knowledge) saber
to know, be acquainted with (somebody, somewhere) conocer
I know conosco
I don't know him no lo conosco
I don't know her no la conosco
(7) 1.19
do you know Pedro? ¿conoce a Pedro?
do you know my friend? ¿conoce a mi amigo?
do you know Madrid? ¿conoce Madrid?
I don't know him no lo conosco
I don't know it no lo sé
(8) 3.53
I have tengo
I am saying, I am telling digo
I am doing, I am making hago
I am doing it lo hago
I have it lo tengo
I am telling you (friend) te digo
I am coming vengo
to leave salir
I am leaving salgo
I am leaving tomorrow salgo mañana
at what time are you leaving? ¿a qué hora sale?
I have tengo
I come vengo
I am doing hago
I am telling digo
I am leaving salgo
to put poner
I am putting pongo
I am putting it here lo pongo aquí
where are you putting it? ¿dónde lo pone?
why don't you put it here? (friend) ¿por qué no lo pones aquí?
to compose componer
to oppose oponer
to suppose suponer
I suppose supongo
to bring traer
I am bringing it lo traigo
to hear oír
I hear oigo
(9) 12.18
come with me! ¡venga conmigo!
don't leave! ¡no salga!
don't leave! (friend) ¡no salgas!
don't leave! (plural) ¡no salgan!
tell me! ¡digame!
don't tell me! ¡no me diga!
tell it to me! ¡dígamelo!
don't tell it to me! ¡no me lo diga!
tell it to him! ¡dígaselo!
tell it to her! ¡dígaselo!
tell it to them! ¡dígaselo!
don't tell it to him, tell it to me! ¡no se lo diga, digamelo!
don't do it! ¡no lo haga!
don't do it! ¡no lo haga!
don't do it! (friend) ¡no lo hagas!
don't do it! (plural) ¡no lo hagan!
do it! (plural) ¡hagalo!
to put poner
I am putting it here lo pongo aquí
I want to do it quiero hacerlo
I can do it puedo hacerlo
I cannot do it no lo puedo hacer
I am right now in the process of doing it estoy haciéndolo, lo estoy haciendo
do it! ¡hágalo!
don't do it! ¡no lo haga!
I am doing it lo hago
I am not doing it no lo hago
why don't you do it? ¿por qué no lo hace?
why don't you do it? (friend) ¿por qué no lo haces?
why don't you do it? (plural) ¿por qué no lo hacen?
do it! (plural) ¡hágalo!
don't do it now! (plural) ¡no lo hagan ahora!
put it here! ¡póngalo aquí!
don't put it there! ¡no lo ponga allí!
bring it! ¡tráigalo!
bring me something! ¡tráigame algo!
bring it to me! ¡tráigamelo!
don't bring it to me today because I don't need it today no me lo traiga hoy porque no lo necesito hoy
I hear it lo oigo
hear it! ¡óigalo!
tell it to me, don't tell it to him! ¡dígamelo, no se lo diga!
tell it to him! ¡digaselo!
but don't tell it to him today! ¡pero no se lo diga hoy!
(10) 4.14
(for positive commands to a friend, you drop the -go ending completely)
tell me! (friend) ¡dime!
tell it to me! (friend) ¡dímelo!
don't tell it to me! (friend) ¡no me lo digas!
don't tell it to me! (plural) ¡no me lo digan!
tell it to me! (friend) ¡dímelo!
come with me! (friend) ¡ven conmigo!
have it! (friend) ¡tenlo!
put it here! (friend) ¡ponlo aquí!
don't put it there, put it here! (friend) ¡no lo pon gas allí, ponlo aquí!
leave! (friend) ¡sal!
don't leave! (friend) ¡no salgas!
don't leave! (plural) ¡no salgan!
(11) 5.34
(we'll now turn the imperative into a command tense, namely the subjunctive. In English, we hardly use the subjunctive; e.g. "I want you to be here" means "I want that you be here", and not "I want that you are here". "at what time and do you want me to be there?" means "at what time do you want that I be there?"; this is the equivalent to giving a command of "be there!")
(12) 5.15
(in Spanish, the subjunctive is used quite a lot. It expresses an element of doubt and uncertainty, e.g. "it is necessary that you be here" expresses some doubt that you will be here)
(Verbs in the subjunctive, like the imperative, switch tracks. For -go verbs, the -ga ending is used with everyone, including "you friend")
it is important that you be here es importante que esté aquí
(in the subjunctive, there is no -o ending for "I")
it is important that you call me es importante que me llame
it is important that you all call me es importante que me llamen
it is very important for you to call me later (friend) es muy importante que me llames más tarde
it is not necessary for you to wait for me no es necesario que me espere
to write escribir
(13) 2.32
(in Spanish, no words begin with st-, sc-, sp-. Spanish speakers have to insert an e- before those letters)
to study estudiar
student estudiante
school escuela
to write escribir
Spain España
why don't you write to me? ¿por qué no me escribe?
write to me! ¡escribame!
because it's very important that you write to me porque es muy importante que me escriba
(14) 1.23
(in Spanish, you cannot say literally "I want you to write to me". In Spanish, "I want you" means "I love you")
I love you (I want you - friend) te quiero
(15) 6.54
what do you want me to write to him? ¿qué quiere que lo escriba?
I want you to do it, I want that you do it quiero que lo haga
I want you to do it (friend) quiero que lo hagas
I want you to do it (plural) quiero que lo hagan
what do you want me to do? ¿qué quiere que haga?
why don't you want me to tell it to him? ¿por qué no quiere que se lo diga?
I think that he can do it pienso que puede hacerlo
(that sentence is not subjunctive, but the next one is because there is an element of uncertainty)
I don't think that he can do it pienso que pueda hacerlo
I want you to call me later quiero que me llame más tarde
I want you to write to me quiero que me escriba
he wants me to send it to him quiere que se lo mande
(end of recording)
CD 2 (74.44)
(1) 5.09
I will buy it lo compraré
we will buy it lo compraremos
he will buy it lo comprará
they will buy it lo comprarán
you will buy it (friend) lo comprarás
I will write to you le escribiré
he will write to you le escribirá
we will write to you le escribiremos
you will write to me me escribirá
you will write to me (friend) me escribirás
they won't write to me no me escribirán
to take tomar
I won't take it no lo tomaré
we will take it lo tomaremos
they won't take it no lo tomarán
(2) 2.34
I have tengo
I will have tendré
I leave salgo
I will leave saldré
we will leave saldremos
they will leave saldrán
you will leave (friend) saldrás
I come vengo
I will come vendré
we will come vendremos
you will come (friend) vendrás
to sell vender
I will sell it lo venderé
I will come vendré
I put pongo
I will put pondré
I won't put it here no lo pondré aquí
(3) 4.30
I will call you tomorrow le llamaré mañana
I am going to call you tomorrow voy a llamarle mañana
I call you tomorrow le llamo mañana
I call you tomorrow (friend) te llamo mañana
to stay quedarse
I am staying me quedo
we are staying nos quedamos
he is staying se queda
they are staying se quedan
you are staying (friend) te quedas
I am going to stay voy a quedarme
I want to know how long you are going to stay quiero saber cuanto tiempo va a quedarse
I will stay here a few days me quedaré unos días
(4) 2.32
I am telling digo
I am doing hago
I will tell diré
I will do haré
I won't do it no lo haré
I will tell you later why we won't do it le diré más tarde por qué no lo haremos
he won't tell me no me dirá
he won't tell me why he won't do it no me dirá por qué no lo hará
(5) 2.11
tell me! ¡dígame!
tell me! (friend) ¡dime!
put it here! (friend) ¡ponlo aquí!
make a reservation! ¡haga una reservación!
(the imperative of "make, do" to a friend is haz)
make a reservation! (friend) ¡haz una reservación!
do it! (friend) ¡hazlo!
don't do it! (friend) ¡no lo hagas!
(6) 6.52
river río
I will leave saldré
I would leave saldría
we would leave saldríamos
he would do it lo haría
he will do it lo hará
I wouldn't do it no lo haría
they wouldn't do it no lo harían
we wouldn't do it no lo haríamos
I wouldn't tell you why we wouldn't do it no le diría por qué no lo haríamos
to wait esperar
he won't wait no esperará
he will wait esperará
he wouldn't wait no esperaría
to prepare preparar
I will prepare it lo prepararé
he wouldn't prepare it no lo prepararía
I like me gusta
I like to see it me gusta verlo
I don't like to do it no me gusta hacerlo
I would like to see it, it would please me me gustaría verlo
I would like to see you me gustaría verle
(7) 3.19
I have spoken he hablado
I have bought he comprado
I have bought it lo he comprado
we have bought it lo hemos comprado
they have bought it lo han comprado
he has sold it lo ha vendido
we have eaten hemos comido
he has left ha salido
(8) 5.44
(now here is a simple past tense, called the "past historic")
I spoke hablé
to take tomar
I took it lo tomé
I called llamé
I accepted acepté
I didn't accept it no lo acepté
I bought it lo compré
I will buy compraré
I bought compré
to wait esperar
I waited esperé
I will wait esperaré
I spoke hablé
he spoke, she spoke, you spoke habló
I speak hablo
I am buying it lo compro
he bought it, she bought it, you bought it lo compró
(that is the -ar track. On the other track, you use the ending -í for "I", and the ending -ió for "you, he, she")
I sold vendí
I left salí
he left, you left salió
I understood comprendí
he understood, you understood comprendió
(9) 10.45
he sold it lo vendió
I didn't sell it no lo vendí
I bought it lo compré
why didn't you buy it? ¿por qué no lo compró?
why did you sell it? ¿por qué lo vendió?
I didn't sell it no lo vendí
why did you sell it? ¿por qué lo vendió?
why didn't you sell it? ¿por qué no lo vendió?
to lose perder
I lost it lo perdí
when did you lose it? ¿cuándo lo perdió?
at what time did you leave? ¿a qué hora salió?
when did you arrive? ¿cuándo llegó?
yesterday ayer
last night anoche
I called you yesterday le llamé ayer
he called me last night me llamó anoche
I call myself..., my name is... me llamo...
I call you tomorrow le llamo mañana
he called you le llamó
I spoke hablé
did you speak? ¿habló?
to start empezar, comencar
I started empezé
at what time did you start? ?a qué hora empezó?
I left salí
I am leaving salgo
he is leaving sale
at what time are you leaving? (plural) ¿a que hora salen?
at what time did you leave? ¿a que hora salió?
I didn't eat no comí
why didn't you eat? ¿por qué no comió?
I called you this morning le llamé esta mañana
at what time did you call me? ¿a qué hora me llamó?
I call you tomorrow le llamo mañana
he is calling you le llama
he called me me llamó
why didn't you call me? ¿por qué no me llamó?
I wrote to you le escribí
he wrote to me me escribió
why didn't you write to me? ¿por qué no me escribió?
to see ver
I saw it lo ví
I didn't see it no lo ví
did you see it? ¿lo vió?
I didn't understand it no lo entendí
(10) 1.32
(for "they", on the -ar track you use the ending -aron)
they spoke hablaron
they called me me llamaron
at what time did you call me? (plural) ¿a qué hora me llamaron?
they arrived llegaron
at what time did you arrive? (plural) ¿a qué hora llegaron?
(11) 1.41
I arrived here two hours ago llegé aquí hace dos horas
at what time? ¿a qué hora?
two hours ago hace dos horas
(12) 3.23
they didn't arrive yet, they still didn't arrive todavía no llegaron
they left salieron
at what time did you leave? (plural) ¿a qué hora salieron?
they didn't eat no comieron
they wrote to me me escribieron
they talked to me, they spoke to me me hablaron
I am staying me quedo
I am not staying no me quedo
I stayed me quedé
he stayed se quedó
he didn't stay no se quedó
they stayed se quedaron
(the ending for the other track is -ieron)
(13) 4.45
(for "you friend", the ending is -aste on the -ar track)
you spoke (friend) hablaste
at what time did you call me? (friend) ¿a qué hora me llamaste?
why didn't you call me? (friend) ¿por qué no me llamaste?
at what time did you leave? (friend) ¿a qué hora saliste?
why didn't you sell it? (friend) ¿por qué no lo vendiste?
why didn't you sell it? ¿por qué no lo vendió?
why didn't you sell it? (plural) ¿por qué no lo vendieron?
they sold it lo vendieron
I didn't sell it no lo vendí
I bought it lo compré
he didn't buy it no lo compró
they bought it lo compraron
they sold it lo vendieron
(on the other track, the ending is -iste)
why didn't you sell it? (friend) ¿por qué no lo vendiste?
why didn't you call me? (friend) ¿por qué no me llamaste?
(14) 3.47
I spoke hablé
they spoke hablaron
you spoke (friend) hablaste
(for "we", the ending in the present and the past historic is the same)
we spoke hablamos
we speak hablamos
we spoke hablamos
we are arriving, we arrive llegamos
we arrived llegamos
we arrived yesterday llegamos ayer
we arrive tomorrow llegamos mañana
he left salió
they left salieron
you left (friend) saliste
I left salí
we left salimos
we leave, we are leaving salimos
to sell vender
(with -er verbs, there is a distinction between "we" past and "we" present)
we sold vendimos
we are selling vendemos
we sold vendimos
we eat, we are eating comemos
we ate comimos
(15) 8.37
(the -go on verbs are a little different. However, they all follow the same pattern, on both tracks)
I am doing hago
I am doing it lo hago
I am not doing it no lo hago
I did, I made hice
he did, he made hizo
I did it lo hice
he did it lo hizo
he didn't do it no lo hizo
why didn't you do it? ¿por qué no lo hizo?
I didn't do it no lo hice
he made a reservation for us hizo una reservación para nosotros
I say digo
I said dije
I told dije
I told you le dije
he told me me dijo
to do hacer
I did hice
he told me that he didn't do it me dijo que no lo hizo
I told you le dije
he told me me dijo
he told me that he didn't do it me dijo que no lo hizo
why didn't you tell me? ¿por qué no me dijo?
why didn't you tell it to me? ¿por qué no me lo dijo?
why didn't you tell it to him? ¿por qué no se lo dijo?
I did, I made hice
I told, I said dije
he told me me dijo
to put poner
I am putting pongo
I put (past) puse
he put (past) puso
where did you put (past) it? ¿dónde lo puso?
(16) 7.16
to be able poder
("to be able" in the past is pud-)
I couldn't do it no pude hacerlo
he couldn't do it no pudo hacerlo
I did hice
I said, I told dije
I put (past) puse
I could pude
to want querer
I wanted quise
I wanted it lo quise
he wanted it lo quiso
I did hice
I said, I told dije
I put (past) puse
I could pude
I wanted quise
wine vino
he came vino
he came with wine vino con vino
I came vine
I have tengo
I had tuve
he had tuvo
I was estuve
he was estuvo
(for "they", the ending for all these verbs is -ieron, and for "we", the ending for all these verbs is -imos)
I put (past) puse
he put (past) puso
they put (past) pusieron
you put (friend, past) pusiste
we put (past) pusimos
I did, I made hice
he did, he made, you made hizo
they did, they made, you all made hicieron
you did (friend) hiciste
we did hicimos
he came vino
they came vinieron
you came (friend) viniste
we came vinimos
(end of recording)
CD 3 (76.12)
(1) 3.21
I could pude
they could pudieron
we could pudimos
you could (friend) pudiste
he couldn't no pude
he told me me dijo
they told me me dijeron
why didn't you tell me? (plural) ¿por qué no me dijo?
they didn't tell me no me dijeron
they came with me venieron con mí
they didn't have it no lo tuvieron
I wanted it lo quise
he didn't want it no lo quiso
they wanted it lo quisieron
you wanted it (friend) lo quisiste
we didn't want it no lo quisimos
(2) 3.53
(now back to the "diving" past)
I have bought it lo he comprado
I have not bought it no lo he comprado
we have bought it lo hemos comprado
they have bought it lo han comprado
where have you bought it? (friend) ¿dónde lo has comprado?
where did you buy it? ¿dónde lo compró?
he has sold it lo ha vendido
he sold it lo vendío
why didn't you sell it? ¿por qué no lo vendió?
why didn't you sell it? (friend) ¿por qué no lo vendiste?
he has not sold it no lo ha vendido
(3) 2.04
he would buy it lo compraría
I wouldn't buy it no lo compraría
they wouldn't buy it no lo comprarían
you wouldn't buy it (friend) no lo comprarías
we wouldn't buy it no lo compraríamos
(4) 4.07
(for "will" and "would", there are some contractions in the stem, but never in the endings)
I will leave saldré
he won't leave no saldró
he wouldn't leave no saldría
we won't leave no saldrimos
we wouldn't leave no saldríamos
I would put it here lo pondría aquí
I won't put it here no lo pondré aquí
we will put it here lo pondremos aquí
we wouldn't put it here no lo pondríamos aquí
he wouldn't come with us no vendría con nosotros
he wouldn't sell it no lo vendería
he would come here with us and he would sell it vendría aquí con nosotros y lo vendería
(5) 2.44
I will do it lo haré
I won't do it no lo haré
I wouldn't do it no lo haría
we wouldn't do it no lo haríamos
we won't do it no lo haremos
I will tell you later le diré más tarde
he wouldn't tell me no me diría
we wouldn't tell you no le diríamos
I will have it for you lo tendré para usted
(6) 2.02
to go ir
I am going to do it voy a hacerlo
he is going to do it va a hacerlo
they are going to do it van a hacerlo
we are going to do it vamos a hacerlo
to go ir
I will go iré
I will go to see it iré a verlo
I wouldn't go no iría
we wouldn't go no iríamos
(7) 0.57
to be able poder
I will be able to do it podré hacerlo
he won't be able to do it no podrá hacerlo
he wouldn't be able to it no podría hacerlo
(8) 2.40
(in English, "could you" means "would you be able to")
can you tell me, will you tell me puede decirme
can you tell me where it is, will you tell me where it is puede decirme dónde está
could you tell me where it is, would you be able to tell me where it is? ¿podría decirme dónde está?
could you come with me? ¿podría venir conmigo?
can you wait for me, will you wait for me puede esperarme
could you wait for me? podría esperarme
(9) 4.54
(dever can mean "must", "have to", "shall/should", "to owe")
I must have it devo tenerlo
I speak hablo
I understand entiendo
I am eating como
I must devo
I must do it now devo hacerlo ahora
you must do it deve hacerlo
I have to do it tengo que hacerlo
how much is it? ¿cuánto es?
how much does it cost? ¿cuánto cuesta?
how much do I owe? ¿cuánto devo?
I will have to do it tendré que hacerlo
I will have to do it deveré hacerlo
I would have to do it tendría que hacerlo
I would have to do it devería hacerlo
(devería is also used in the sense of "I should do something", meaning "I ought to do something")
you should tell me (friend) deverías decirme
(10) 1.37
I have sold it lo he vendido
(after any form of haber, there is nowhere to go but to dive)
I would have sold it lo habría vendido
I wouldn't have sold it no lo habría vendido
(11) 5.19
made in Spain hecho en España
I have done it lo he hecho
I haven't done it no lo he hecho
I wouldn't have done it no lo habría hecho
I have told you le he dicho
he has told me me ha dicho
I would have told you le habría dicho
to see ver
I haven't seen it no lo he visto
we would have seen it lo habríamos visto
I would have gone habríamos ido
(in diving, estar becomes estado, and ser becomes sido)
it is possible es posible
it would have been possible habrías sido posible
it wouldn't have been possible that way no habrías sido posible así
(12) 4.08
(for the English -ing tenses, in Spanish use the endings -ando and -iendo)
I am right now doing it estoy haciendolo
I am doing it every day lo hago todos los días
(the English past -ing is expressed in Spanish with -aba on the -ar track, and -ía on the other track)
I was speaking hablaba
he was speaking hablaba
she was speaking hablaba
you were speaking hablaba
they were speaking hablaban
they were calling llamaban
they were buying compraban
they were selling vendían
they were doing it lo hacían
they were telling me me decían
we were telling you le decíamos
we were doing it lo hacíamos
(13) 3.57
(there are only two or three exceptions in Spanish language)
I was going iba
I was going to iba a
I was going to do it iba a hacerlo
I was not going to tell you that I was going to do it no iba a decirle que iba a hacerlo
he was going to be here iba estar aquí
you haven't told me that you were going to arrive today no me ha dicho que iba a llegar hoy
I would have waited for you le habría esperado
(14) 3.39
I told dije
you told me me dijo
you didn't tell me no me dijo
you didn't tell me (friend) no me dijiste
you didn't tell me (plural) no me dijeron
I did, I made hice
I said, I told dije
I came vine
I put (past) puse
I wanted quise
I had tuve
(15) 0.55
I was estuve
(in the past historic, haber is hub- and "could" is pud-)
(16) 4.08
I made, I did hice
he did hico
they did hicieron
you did (friend) hiciste
we did hicimos
I put puse
they put pusieron
you put (friend) pusiste
we put pusimos
they had tuvieron
you had (friend) tuviste
we had tuvimos
I said, I told dije
he said, he told dijo
they said dijeron
they told me me dijeron
you didn't tell me (plural) no me dijeron
we told you le dijimos
you didn't tell me that you were going to arrive today no me dijo que iba a llegar hoy
you didn't tell me that you were going to arrive today (friend) no me dijiste que ibas a llegar hoy
I would have waited for you le habría esperado
I would have waited for you (friend) te habrías esperado
(17) 7.23
I was waiting esperaba
I was waiting for you le esperaba
I was waiting for you (friend) te esperaba
he is waiting from me me esperaba
(the "was -ing" and "were -ing" could be called the "wing" tenses, in Spanish, -aba and -ía)
he was doing it lo hacía
I was telling you le decía
(in Spanish, the wing tense expresses a straight line in the past, maybe a short line or maybe a long line, but a straight line. On the other hand, "I did it" is not a straight line.)
(In Spanish, the wing tense can also express a broken line: "I did it very often", "I did it all the time", "I used to do it". In English, you don't make a distinction)
he did it every day lo hacía todos los días
he is speaking habla
he was speaking hablaba
he spoke (this morning) habló
he spoke (every day) hablaba
(18) 5.22
to do, to make hacer
I did it (it is done) lo hice
he did it (this morning) lo hizo
he did it (every day, very often) lo hacía
he told me me dijo
he told me (every day) me decía
he put it here lo puso
he put it here (every day) lo ponía
and I cannot see it y no puedo verlo
I don't know where it is no sé dónde está
he put it here (this morning) lo puso aquí
he put it here (every day) lo ponía aquí
he told me me dijo
he was telling me me decía
he told me (all the time) me decía
(19) 4.08
("I knew" is rarely used, except in the context of finding something out)
I knew supe
I knew it, I found out lo supe
he knew supo
they knew supieron
you knew (friend) supiste
we knew supimos
(fui- is the past of two separate verbs)
to go ir
I went fui
I went to see it fui a verlo
he went to see it fue a verlo
they went fueron
you went (friend) fuiste
we went fuimos
I went fui
he went fue
they went fueron
you went (friend) fuiste
we went fuimos
we went to see it fuimos a verlo
I went fui
he went fue
she went fue
you went fue
they went fueron
you went (friend) fuiste
we went fuimos
(20) 2.21
(fui- is also the past of ser)
I went fue
I was fue
it was possible fue posible
("was" as a straight line is era)
I was going iba
I was going to iba a
it was important (straight line) era importante
(21) 4.11
(it is in the nature of some verbs to express a straight line in the past, for example "to know")
I knew, I found out supe
I knew, I used to know sabía
I didn't know no sabía
I didn't know you were going to arrive today no sabía que iba a llegar hoy
I didn't know that they were going to arrive today no sabía que iban a llegar hoy
I didn't know that you were going to arrive today (friend) no sabía que ibas a llegar hoy
(the same for "to have the time")
I didn't have the time no tenía el tiempo
I was very busy no estaba ocupado
(22) 2.11
I wanted (dot) quise
I wanted (line) quería
I wanted to do it quería hacerlo
("I would want" contracted from querería to querría)
I wanted quería
I would want querría
(end of recording)
CD 4 (76.04)
(1) 1.13
I would want, I would like me gustaría, quisiera
I wanted quise
they wanted quisieron
I wanted to do it quise hacerlo
he wanted to do it quiso hacerlo
they wanted to do it quisieron hacerlo
(2) 4.03
(the "they - past" ending, -ron, when changed to -ran is the past subjunctive, meaning "I might...")
they wanted quisieron
I might want quisiera
I might want, I would like quisiera
I want to do it quiero hacerlo
I wanted to do it quería hacerlo
I would like to do it me gustaría hacerlo
I would like to do it me gustaría hacerlo
I would want to do it querría hacerlo
I may want quisiera
they wanted quisieron
I would like to do it quisiera hacerlo
(3) 4.38
I can do it puedo hacerlo
I could do it podría hacerlo
I will tell you le diré
I will do it lo haré
I will tell you le diré
will you please tell me where it is puede decirme dónde está
(4) 5.19
you have to wait here tiene que esperar aquí
you have to wait for me tiene que esperarme
you don't have to wait no tiene que esperar
(in English, "you have to wait" means "you must wait", but "you don't have to wait" means not "you must not wait", but "you don't need to wait")
it's not necessary that you wait no es necesario que espere
I need necesito
you don't need to wait no necesita esperar
(5) 6.56
(it is in the nature of some verbs to express a line, not a dot, in the past)
I knew it lo sabía
I found out supe
I didn't know no sabía
I wanted quería
("I could" can be in the past, meaning "I was able"; or it might not be in the past, meaning "I would be able")
I would be able, I could podría
could you tell me? ¿podría decirme?
could you wait? ¿podría esperar?
can you wait, will you wait puede esperar
can you tell me puede decirme
could you tell me? podría decirme
I couldn't find it, I was not able to find it no pude encontrarlo
I couldn't see it no pude verlo
I couldn't (line in past) podía
I couldn't do it no podía hacerlo
I couldn't (at that moment in the past) no pude
(6) 5.31
I wanted quise
he wanted quiso
they wanted it lo quisieron
I would like quisieria
(after "if", you use the subjunctive in both Spanish and English, e.g. "if I were" not "if I was")
I knew supe
they knew supieron
if I knew si supiera
(the form of "they knew" gives you the subjunctive)
if I had the time I would do it si tuviera el tiempo lo haría
if I were there I would tell you si estuviera allí le diría
I had (straight line, broken line) tenía
to have tener
I was having, I used to have, I had tenía
I had (dot) tuve
they had tuvieron
if I had si tuviera
(7) 6.30
I have sold it lo he vendido
I would have sold it lo habría vendido
I had sold it lo había vendido
I would have sold it lo habría vendido
I have sold it lo he vendido
I had sold it lo había vendido
I would have sold it lo habría vendido
they had hubieron
if I had sold it si lo hubiera vendido
if I had seen it I would have bought it si lo hubiera visto lo habría comprado
if I had known it si lo hubiera sabido
if I had bought it si lo hubiera comprado
if I had known it I would have told you si lo hubiera sabido le habrío dicho
(8) 2.14
if I told you si le dijera
I said, I told dije
they said, they told dijeron
they did, they made hicieron
I might do it hiciera
I knew supe
they knew supieron
if I knew si supiera
if I knew it I would tell you si lo supiera le diría
(9) 3.50
(we must distinguish in English between "would" and "would have")
I would -ría
I would have habría
I would do it lo haría
I would buy it lo compraría
I would have bought it lo habría comprado
(10) 7.57
I was buying it lo compraba
he was selling it lo vendía
he sold it lo vendió
they sold it lo vendieron
he was selling it lo vendía
he used to sell lo vendía
he sold it lo vendió
he has sold it lo ha vendido
we have sold it lo hemos vendido
they have sold it lo han vendido
they were selling it lo vendían
they sold it (all the time) lo vendían
he sold it (dot) lo vendió
they sold it lo vendieron
if I sold it si vendiera
I have sold it lo he vendido
I had sold it lo había vendido
if I had sold it si lo hubiera vendido
(you could use hubiera for "I might have")
I might have sold it lo hubiera vendido
I would have sold it lo habría vendido
if I had been there last night I would have seen it and I would have bought it si hubiera estado allí anoche lo habría visto y lo habría comprado
I might have bought it lo habiera comprado
(11) 2.09
I don't know that you will come no sé que venga
I don't think that he may come no pienso que venga
I know that he will come sé que venga
(if you are in the past, you must use the past subjunctive)
I didn't know that he might come no sabía que viniera
(12) 1.25
(after the expression ojalá, meaning "I hope that", "hopefully that" you use the subjunctive)
(13) 6.41
to look for buscar
I was looking for it lo buscaba
to lose perder
I lost it and I was looking for it but I couldn't find it lo perdí y lo buscaba pero no pude encontrarlo
I couldn't do it no pude hacerlo
(14) 2.52
if you had called me last night si me hubiera llamado anoche
I have bought it lo he comprado
I have bought it lo había comprado
I would have bought it lo habría comprado
if you had called me last night si me hubiera llamado anoche
and if you had told me y si me hubiera dicho
that you were going to arrive today que iba a llegar hoy
(15) 2.30
if you had told me that you were going to arrive today si me hubiera dicho que iba a llegar hoy
I would have waited for you le habría esperado
I would have made a reservation habría hecho una reservación
we would have had dinner (would have dined) at the restaurant habriamos cenado al restaurante
we would have gone to see it habriamos ido a verlo
and it would have been very interesting y habría sido muy interesante
(16) 3.43
if I had known it I would have done it si lo hubiera sabido lo habría hecho
I might have done it lo hubiera hecho
("I could have" means "I would have been able")
I could have done it, I wouldn't have been able to do it habría podido hacerlo
(17) 5.12
could you come with me? podría venir conmigo
should devería; deve
could have, would have been able habría podido
should have habría devido
you should have told me habría devido decirme, me habría devido decir
you could have told me habría podido decirme
he would have told me me habría dicho
you should have done it habría devido hacerlo
you could have told me habría podido decirme, me habría podido decir
he would tell me me diría
he would have told me me habría dicho
(18) 3.14
(end of recording)