Background on Medinai
    Augustin Ramirez; was the man who described the species S. medinai to honor Dr. Gonzalo Medina.  The species S. medinai are most prevelant in Venezuelan, Guayana, and Rio Orinoco river system. 
 
  The river Orinoco is the third largest river in the world.  Its total lenght measures 2140km.  The Orinoco river has its origin on the southern end of the Guayana Highlands and flows around that shield northwards toward the Atlantic Ocean.  There isn't much temperature fluctuation in the Orinoco system; about 27-30 celcius is the range. 
 
  S. Medinai tend to prefer swimming in the open water instead of roving around in the cover.  They may feel more confident because they have coloration similar to the Caribe which allows them to schoal to get in on a meal or even make a small Caribe one without being seen as a food source.
 
  Medinai have robust and prominent mandibles.  They have a concave head shape of a serrasalmus species, as well as pre-anal spines.  Medinai have ectopterygoid teeth that number approximately 7.  They tend to get robust with age with fairly high backs and round bodies.  S. Medinai resemble the S. Spilopleura complex form. 
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Special thanks to Frank Magallanes for information provided.
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