P

 

P pulmonale: (Cardio) tall, narrow, peaked P waves in EKG leads 2, 3, and AVF.

 

P2:  pulmonic component of the second heart sound.

 

31-P spectroscopy:  to analyze myocardial metabolism.

 

P32 or 32p: colloidal phosphorus 32; used in some cancer protocols.

 

P-A interval: (EKG terminology) measurement of conduction time from the high right atrium to the low atrium (normal 10-45 msec).

 

PA x-ray view: posteroanterior, from back to front

 

PAC: (Abbrev) premature atrial contraction OR

premature auricular contraction OR

Pediatric After-Hours Clinic

 

Pac-X machine.

 

pacemakers: Here is a short list of brands or types of pacemakers, sometimes called “pacers”:

Activity Sensor, atrial pacemakers, Diamond II DDR, DDDR, dual-chamber, dual-chamber AV sequential, fixed rate pacing (VVI, AAI, DVI), Jade II SSI, Pacesetter, QT Sensor, Ruby II DDR, sensor-based rate responsiveness, sensor-based single-chamber Topaz SSIR, etc.

 

Pacerone: (Rx) generic = amiodarone HCI; treatment for cardiac arrhythmias. (2001).

 

pachyonychia: thickening of toenails (see paronychia).

 

Pacis BCG: Immunotherapy against bladder cancer (2000); contains live mycobacteria, features the original Armand-Frappier strain of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), which has been in clinical use for a number of years worldwide.

 

pacifico cannula/catheter.

 

PACT program: Program for Assertive Community Treatment; for mental illnesses, especially schizophrenia; began as a project at Mendota State Hospital in Madison, WI, by Arnold Marx, M.D., Leonard Stein, M.D., and Mary Ann Test, Ph.D, in the late 1960s. As of 2002, the PACT program is run by William Knoedler, MD, Psychiatrist, at Mendota Mental Health Institute, Madison, WI.

 

pack-year smoking history: Defined as the number of packs a day multiplied by the number of years smoking = pack-year history. Example:  2 packs a day for 20 years = a 40-pack-year smoking history (2 x 20 = 40); or 1 pack per day for 40 years; cumulative end result is the important factor (per Vera Pyle, Medical Terminology, 8^th Ed 2002).

 

Padgett-Hood dermatome.

 

PADI:  (Acronym) Professional Association of Diving Instructors; you may hear the phrase “PADI certified”.

 

pads, ABD: abdominal.

 

paddle forceps.

 

pagetoid growth pattern: superficial epithelial invasion (cancer).

 

PainBuster: A disposable device, delivers pain medicine directly to operative site to treat postoperative pain, currently used for orthopedic procedures. (1998).

 

PainDefense: OTC brand supplement used for muscle and joint pains.(2002).

 

Pain-Ease: Brand name mist spray of ethyl chloride (AKA:  Gebauer’s ethyl chloride spray) to treat pain topically using vapocooling action, sometimes used in children to spray on skin before an injection is given.

 

Pain Ease heating pads:  microwavable hot packs and can be used also as cool packs; note this is a different company that the makers of “Pain-Ease” above, with different style of spelling the name, see www.painease.com for more info (Manufacturer: Natural Health Products).

 

Pain Ease MSM capsules: OTC supplement for body aches and pains,contains methylsulfonylmethane-MSM.

 

“Pain Erasure”:  (Book)  a book written by Bonnie Prudden.

 

pain-free:  (Adjective) being without pain; ex., “The knee exhibited pain-free range of motion.”

 

Palacos: (Material) Orthopedic bone cement.

 

Paladin:  OTC diaper rash cream.

 

palate:  (Anatomy) roof of mouth.

 

palatal pushback.

 

palindromia: relapse of a disease.

 

palindromic rheumatism, palindromic rheumatoid arthritis: (Rheum) recurrent form of arthritis.

 

palisade degeneration.

 

palisading pattern (Ophthalmology).

 

palisading histiocytes (Lab).

 

palivizumab: (Rx) generic for Synagis, respiratory drug, to prevent RSV.

 

Palgic, Palgic D, Palgic DS: (Rx) antihistamine/decongestants.

 

palladium 103 seeds:  radioactive inserts placed in the prostate to treat prostate cancer.

 

Palladone:  (Rx) hydromorphone extended release for pain control.

 

pallanesthesia:  (Neuro) absence of pallesthesia or vibratory sensibility.

 

pallesthesia:  (Neuro) the appreciation of vibration, a pressure sense; early sign of sensory deficit if

diminished.

 

Palletainer:  (Product) a pallet with sides on it.

 

pallid: pale.

 

palmar beak ligament: (Ortho) may hear in dictation as “It suggested that instability resulting from incompetence of palmar beak ligament is responsible for progression of DJD”.

 

palmaris longus tendon : found in arm.

 

palmar pits:  (Derm) may be suggestive of Darier disease.

 

Palmaz stents.

 

Palmaz Corinthian stent.

 

Palmaz-Schatz stent.

 

PalmCup:  soft vinyl percussors for chest physiotherapy.

 

Palmer biopsy forceps:  (OB-GYN).

 

Palmetxx: OTC extract of saw palmetto, for benign prostatic hypertrophy (1999).

 

palmomental reflex: A fleeting, unilateral contraction of the chin muscles on stimulation of the thenar eminence of the ipsilateral hand.

 

Palomar E:  (Rx) ointment for skin rash/eruptions, pressure sores, etc.

 

Palomar EsteLux: (Dermatology) Laser to remove skin lesions.

 

palpate/palpation: examine/examination by touching/feeling with hand. (NOTE: palpitation is irregular heartbeat).

 

palpitation: An irregular heartbeat. (NOTE: palpation is examination by touching with the hand.).

 

Palumbo sleeve/brace/support.

 

pamidronate disodium:  (Rx) generic for Aredia, for hypercalcemia, used along with cancer therapy for breast or multiple myeloma that has spread to the bones. (FDA 2002).

 

pampiniform plexus:  (Anatomy) in males and females, in the areas of the genitalia.

 

Panacryl suture.

 

Panafil ointment: (Derm) Prescription topical to promote wound healing and debridement.(2002).

 

Panalba: (Rx) An antibiotic, not on the market in the US since 1970 under this name, contained novobiocin. Manufacturer (Upjohn) still sells overseas under the name Albamycin-T, and some US citizens may be able to get it still in other countries or over the Internet, and mail order pharmacies (2002).

 

Panalok soft tissue anchor.

 

PanBio West Nile assay:  (Lab) diagnostic test for West Nile Virus; aka, West Nile Virus IgM Capture ELISA, PanBio West Nile IgM assay, or PanBio test.

 

pANCA: (LAB) perinuclear pattern stain, used to diagnose Wegener granulomatosis.

 

Pancoast tumor: lung.

 

Pancolitis:  (GI)  ulcerative colitis involving entire colon.

 

pancreatic ascites:  (GI) pancreatic juices enter the abdominal cavity, usually after rupture of a cyst.

 

Pang technique:  (Ophth).

 

Panje voice valve: used after laryngectomy.

 

panmural:  pertaining to or affecting the entire wall.

 

pannus: layer of fat, especially over the abdomen.

 

Panorex films: (Radio) ental x-rays.

 

panretinal photocoagulation:  (Ophth) involving the entire retina.

 

pansensitive virus:  “wild” type.

 

pantalar fusion: of hindfoot.

 

pantaloon hernia:  inguinal hernia that involves both direct and indirect components.

 

pantoprazole sodium: (Rx) generic for Protonix; GI drug; available in delayed release tablet form also. New indication (04/19/02): treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions associated with Zollinger‑Ellison syndrome or other neoplastic conditions.

 

pantothenic acid:  vitamin B5.

 

pants-over-vest fashion: (Surgery) of hernia repair.

 

Panty Condom: (GYN)  female condom.

 

panuveitis:  (Ophth) affecting entire uveal tract

 

Panvue scope.

 

Papain-urea ointment:  (Derm) for wounds, debridement, etc.

 

papaverine test: for vascular impotence.

 

paper patch: (ENT) to repair eardrum, tympanic membrane.

 

papillary muscles:  (Anatomy)  small muscles in the heart, anchor heart valves.

 

papillomacular:  (Ophth).

 

Papillomavirus, Human (HPV).

 

Papineau technique:  (Ortho) bone grafting.

 

PAPNET: (Lab) Device to analyze Pap smears.

 

Pap Plus HPV screen:  (Lab)  for detection of cervical cancer, uses HPV Hybrid Capture 2 test and ThinPrep Pap smear.

 

papulonecrotic tuberculid:  papules with crusting and ulceration of extremities primarily, in young adults with a history of preceding TB infection.

 

PAR:  (Abbrev) for either postanesthesia room OR procedures, alternatives, risks.

 

parabasal cells: (GYN) seen on wet mount.

 

paracolic gutters:  (GI)  grooves between the ascending and desending colon and the abdominal wall.

 

paracrine reaction: allergen challenge.

 

para-dichlorobenzene:  active ingredient in moth balls.

 

PARADIGM trial: Pramlintide for amalyn replacement adjunct for diabetes glycemic management.

 

paradoxical sleep: dreaming.

 

paradoxical splitting: on EKG.

 

paradoxus, pulsus: Pulse decreases during inspiration.

 

paraffin bath: Used in physical therapy and rehab.

 

paraffin wax: Currently popular as a moisturizing system, where a unit/basin which heats up and melts the wax, then hands or feet are immersed momentarily. After hand/foot is taken out and wax has hardened, it is removed, leaving behind an oil thought to help moisturize the skin. (2002). Traditionally paraffin wax has been used in canning and making homemade jams/jellies.

 

Paralympic Games: Olympic-style sporting event for physically challenged athletes. (Source: Paralympic Games official website).

 

parameter:  an arbitrary constant; a variable indicating quantity or function.

 

paraneoplastic syndrome: A constellation of signs and symptoms that develop in association with the presence of a malignancy but are not directly caused by the tumor.

 

Paraplatin:  (Rx) carboplatin aqueous; cancer drug; see www.paraplatin.com

 

parapsoriasis.

 

paraoxonase: enzyme that protects HDL cholesterol (2002).

 

parapatellar.

 

paraphenylenediamine: chemical known as PPD, found in hair color, cosmetics, can be an allergen to those sensitive to it.

 

Paraplatin:  (Rx) Carboplatin aqueous; antineoplastic, primarily ovarian cancer.

 

parasagittal: in or located on a plane parallel to the midsagittal plane.

 

parasol tube.

 

paraspinous muscles.

 

parasymphyseal.

 

para-tertiary butylphenol:  known as PTBP, an allergen to those sensitive to it.

 

parathormone: another term for parathyroid hormone, either is acceptable.

 

parathyroid hormone (PTH): also called parathormone, either is acceptable.

 

paratrooper fracture: of tibia.

 

paravertebral muscle spasm.

 

parchment heart:   thinning of the right ventricular myocardium.

 

Parcopa:  (Rx) carbidopa/levodopa; drug for Parkinson’s disease; orally-disintegrating tablet.

 

parens patriae: (Law)  The power that permits courts to intervene to mandate medical care for children whose parents fail to provide it for them.

 

parenteral: by injection or intravenous. (NOTE: paternal refers to one’s parents).

 

Parfrey’s Glen: (Geography)  Protected wildlife area in Devil’s Lake State Park; a site where some seminars or retreats are held. (Source: Wisconsin DNR website 2002).

 

Parham bands: (Ortho) reported on hip x-ray, status post arthroplasty.

 

Parietex: A type of mesh used for hernia repair. (NOTE: Paritene is another type of mesh used for hernia repair as well).

 

PARK procedure:  photorefractive astigmatic keratectomy.

 

Parkinson disease symptoms: cogwheel rigidity, droopy posture, festinating gait, masklike facies, resting tremor, etc.

 

Parkland resuscitation.

 

Parma band: related to cardiovascular surgery.

 

Parona space: in forearm.

 

paronychia/paronychial:  infection of perionychium around nail (NOTE: See pachyonychia).

 

parosmia/parosmic: disorder of sense of smell, perceiving nonexistent odors.

 

parosteal: outer surface of periosteum. (NOTE: periosteal is an adjective and means pertaining to the periosteum.)

 

parosteal osteosarcoma: bone-forming tumor on surface of bone. (NOTE: See periosteal osteosarcoma).

 

paroxysmal atrial tachycardia:  PAT.

 

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea: PND

 

parrot beak meniscus tear:   of knee.

 

pars interarticularis.

 

parsimony, law of: to do as little as possible.

 

Parsitan:  (Rx) Parkinson drug not available in the United States (2002), patients may obtain it illegally in other countries or on the Internet.

 

Parsol 1789:  (Derm) A sunscreen ingredient, protects against UVA rays (1997).

 

Parsonage-Turner syndrome: (Neuro) neuromuscular disease.

 

Parsonnet dilator.

 

parthenogenesis: (OB/GYN-Infertility) Development of germ cell without fertilization.

 

partial adactylia: absence of one to four rays (phalanges and metacarpals).

 

partial-body neutron activation.

 

partial hemimelia:   absence of part of forearm or leg.

 

Partin coefficient tables: method of predicting prostate cancer.

 

parvovirus B19:   cause of fifth disease (erythema infectiosum).

 

Pasar pacemaker.

 

PASG: pneumatic antishock garment.

 

PAS stain: (Lab) periodic acid-Schiff; for collagen disease.

 

PASI:  (Derm) Psoriasis Area Severity Index; measures severity of psoriasis.

 

passaggio:  (Voice) voice range between B-flat and F-sharp, middle register.

 

past pointing:   on neurologic examination (not “pass” pointing)

 

Pastia lines: (Derm) Linear striations of hyperpigment in body creases, suggests scarlet fever.

 

PAT: paroxysmal atrial tachycardia.

 

PAT signal: peripheral arterial tone; from a fingertip device used in stress tests. (2002).

 

pate: (pronounced “payt”) the human head, especially the top, also the mind or brain.

 

paté: (pronounced “paa-tay”) current meaning is an appetizer, dip or spread; old French meaning is “paste”.

 

Patanol: (Rx) generic = olopatadine HCI 1%; treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. Supplied in Drop-Tainer® dispenser. (FDA original approval 1996, expanded approval 2000).

 

patella alta: high-riding patella.

 

patella baja: low-riding patella.

 

patella apprehension test.

 

patella compression test.

 

patellar compression/depression.

 

patellar retraction test: for synovitis.

 

Patellaligner knee brace.

 

patellar tendon weight-bearing cast (PTB).

 

patellar ultrasound velocity:  method of assessing bone density.

 

patent ductus arteriosus.

 

patent foramen ovale.

 

Patey procedure:  (Surgery) type of modified radical mastectomy.

 

Pathfinder irrigation device:  (Urol).

 

Pathfinder microcatheter:  (Cardio).

 

PathVysion HER-2 DNA probe kit: (Lab) An assay to detect the HER-2 neu gene in patients with breast cancer to determine best course of treatment for individual patients. (1998).

 

pathologic fracture: of weakened bone.

 

Paton spatula: (Ophth).

 

Patrick test: (Ortho) to diagnose sacroiliac disease.

 

Pattee test.

 

paucity: (noun) scantiness, smallness of number, scarcity, insufficiency. (Webster’s dictionary).

 

Paufique lamellar knife.

 

Pauwels angle: (Ortho/X-ray).

 

Pauwels fracture:  (Ortho) of proximal femoral neck.

 

Pauwels Y-osteotomy.

 

Pavlik harness : hip orthosis.

 

PAWP: pulmonary artery wedge pressure.

 

Paxene: (Rx) generic = paclitaxel; treatment (injection/IV infusion) of ovarian, breast, and lung cancers, as well as Kaposi sarcoma (2000).

 

Paxil CR: (Rx) generic = paroxetine HCI; controlled-release formulation of Paxil, for treatment of depression. (NOTE: Paxil also has expanded approval for treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder,1999).

 

Payr sign: (Vascular) sign of impending postoperative thrombosis; pain or pressure over sole of foot.

 

PBN hysterosalpingography catheter:  Gynecologic device indicated for injection of contrast material in the uterus and fallopian tubes for visualization of the anatomy. (FDA 2000).

 

PBPC:  peripheral blood progenitor cells.

 

PBPC transplantation:  see PBPC above; cancer treatment.

 

PCA:   patient-controlled anesthesia; self-administered dosing of an analgesic, usually by means of a programmable IV pump.

 

PCD: paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration.

 

PCEA: patient-controlled analgesia administered epidurally.

 

PCOS:  (Abbrev/GYN) polycystic ovary syndrome.

 

PCWP: pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.

 

PCR test: (Lab) polymerase chain reaction  (see Amplicor HIV-1 above).

 

PCTA:  (Cardio) percutaneous transluminal angioplasty; AKA, PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

 

PCV7:  (Peds)  vaccination for pneumonia for children.

 

PDA:  (Abbrev)  either patent ductus arteriosus OR posterior descending artery OR, regarding technology, a Personal Digital Assistant, hand-

held information device.

 

P.D. Access: A product line of vascular access products designed for newborns. (Includes P.D. Access needle; P.D. Access over-the-needle catheter; P.D. Access peel-away needle introducer. 1998).

 

PDB balloon system: Used in laparoscopic procedures to create extraperitoneal space.

 

pDEXA x-ray peripheral bone densitometer:  Diagnostic screening device for assessing a patient’s risk of bone fracture.(FDA 1998).

 

PDQ: Physician Data Query; National Cancer Institute’s computerized database for information about cancer and AIDS trials.

 

PDS stitch/suture: polydioxanone.

 

PDT:  photodynamic therapy; treatment of tumors.

 

Peabody procedure: foot.

 

PEAK anterior compression plate system:  Compression plate for fixation and stabilization of the cervical spine. (1997).

 

PEAK channeled plate system:  Screw and plate fixation device for orthopedic reconstruction. (1997).

 

peak and trough levels: describing the highest and lowest levels, usually drug levels in blood.

 

peak flowmeter.

 

peaked: (adjective) meaning looking pale, sickly, emaciated.

 

PeakLog spirometric device: Hand-held unit with visual and audible alerts and reminders to patients to ensure compliance with respiratory regimen. (FDA 1997.)

 

peakometer: to test flow in bladder.

 

peal: (noun) a small, young salmon. (See peel).

 

Pean clamp.

 

“peanut”:  slang for a small gauze sponge use in surgery.

 

PEARL: Physiologic endometrial ablation/resection loop. (MT Desk, Nov. 1998).

 

Pearson attachment: to Thomas splint.

 

PEBB: Percutaneous excisional breast biopsy; minimally invasive device. (1997).

 

PEC tube:  (GI)  percutaneous endoscopic colostomy tube.

 

pechyagra:  gout of the elbow.

 

pecten ossis pubis:  anterior border of superior ramus beginning at pubic tubercle, continuing to iliopubic eminence (see also pectineal line of pubis below).

 

pectenate line:  (Rectal) zone of lower half of anal canal; pecten of anus.

 

pectenitis:  inflammation of pecten of anus.

 

pectinate muscles:  (Cardio) Prominent ridges of atrial myocardium located on the inner surface of much of the right atrium and both auricles.

 

pectineal line:  (Ortho) A ridge running down the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur from the lesser trochanter to which the pectineus muscle attaches.

 

pectineal line of pubis: The sharp ridge of the superior pubic ramus that stretches from pubic tubercle to brim of the true pelvis.

 

pectineus muscle:  Origin, crest of pubis; insertion, pectineal line of femur; action, adducts thigh and assists in flexion.

 

pecuniary:  pertaining to money.

 

pedal pulse.

 

Pederson speculum.

 

Pediamist:  OTC nasal saline mist for children.(1997).

 

Pediarix:  (Rx/Vaccine/Peds) diphtheria, hepatitis B, pertussis (whooping cough), polio, and tetanus (lockjaw) vaccine for infants.

 

Pediatric IngestaScan:  Metal detector used to noninvasively visualize qnd locate ingested metal foreign bodies in children. (2000).

 

PediPort: Used for pediatric laparoscopy procedures. (1998).

 

pedicle flap:  full thickness skin and subcutaneous tissue, attached by tissue through which it receives blood supply.

 

pediculosis: Infestation with lice.

 

pediculosis capitis: Head/scalp lice, usually seen in children. Also called pthiriasis capitis.

 

pediculosis corporis: The presence of body lice which live in the seams of clothing. Biting causes pruritus and excoriations.

 

pediculosis palpebrarum:The presence of lice in the eyelashes.

 

pediculosis pubis:Infestation with the pubic or crab louse, Pthirus pubis, especially in pubic hair.

 

pedis pulse.

 

pedunculated cyst.

 

peel:  to strip off a layer (See peal).

 

PEFR:  peak expiratory flow rate.

 

PEG:  percutaneous endoscopy gastrostomy tube.

            pneumoencephalogram.

polyethylene glycol.

 

Peganone:  (Rx) generic = ethotoin; antiepileptic drug.

 

Pegasys:  (Rx) peginterferon alfa-2a; treatment for hepatitis C, used in combination with ribavirin (Copegus).

 

pegfilgrastim: (Rx) generic for Neulasta injection; used to decrease infection in patients receiving myelosuppressive treatments.

 

peginterferon alfa-2a:  (Rx) generic for PEG-Intron, Pegasys.

 

PEG-Intron:  (peginterferon alfa‑2b) powder for injection. Indication: use alone or in combination with ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. (FDA 2001).

 

pegvisomant:  (Rx) generic for Somavert; treatment for acromegaly (FDA 2003).

 

pegylated interferon: hepatitis C treatment.

 

pegylation: modification of a pure protein with polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the protein surface.

 

PELCA:  percutaneous excimer laser coronary angioplasty.

 

Pelikan Sun:  (Device) for diabetics, a self-lancing device, less painful than traditional lancets (2003).

 

Pelite liner: for amputation stump.

 

pellagra:  niacin deficiency disease caused by improper diet and characterized by skin lesions, gastrointestinal disturbances and nervousness; depression, dermatitis, dementia and diarrhea are common symptoms.

 

Pellegrini-Stieda syndrome:   (Ortho) A calcific density in the medial collateral ligament and/or bony growth at the internal condyle of the femur.

 

Pelli-Robson Letter Sensitivity Chart: (Ophth) vision test.

 

Pelosi technique: (OB-GYN) type of cesarean section. (Source: AAMT 2001).

 

pelvic steal test.

 

pelviscopy: used in place of laparotomy, uses punctures instead of incisions.

 

Pemberton osteotomy.

 

pemphigus: (Derm) a group of chronic, relapsing skin diseases, often specified by a modifying term following pemphigus; however, pemphigus alone is often used to imply “pemphigus vulgaris”.

 

pemphigus vulgaris: (Derm) a serious form of pemphigus, occurring in middle age. Bullae and oral mucosal erosions may be localized a few months before becoming generalized.

 

pencil Doppler probe.

 

Penfield dissector.

 

penicillamine: used for treatment of Wilson disease, cystinuria, rheumatoid arthritis, and lead poisoning. (FDA 1982).

 

penile plethysmography.

 

penile pneumoplethysmography.

 

penile pressure/brachial pressure index (PBI): (Uro) obtained by comparing cavernous artery blood pressure with brachial artery blood pressure.

 

Penlac nail lacquer: generic = ciclopirox; topical treatment for nail and foot fungus.

 

Pennington elevator.

 

Pennington forceps.

 

PENS: percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; for low back pain (JAMA 1999).

 

pentagastrin stimulation test.

 

pentathlete: a person (athlete) who performs the pentathlon events.

 

Pentetate:  (Rx) used to treat radiation contamination.

 

pentoxifylline extended-release tablets: (Rx) generic Trental, for treatment of chronic vascular disease. (1997).

 

Pentrax:  (Derm) coal tar shampoo.

 

penultimate:  (adjective) meaning next to the last.

 

Pepgen test: to distinguish between gastric cancer and peptic ulcer. (2000).

 

peppers, types of: Ancho, Cayenne, Jalapeno, Poblano, Serrano

 

Peptostreptococcus.

 

per se:  (Adverb)  meaning in, of, by itself or oneself.

 

perception: (Noun) mental recognition, a form of “perceive”.

 

perc-q-cath:  (Instrument)  for drug injection.

 

percutaneous diskectomy.

 

Percutaneous Dorsal Column Stimulator Implant: for long-term pain relief.

 

percutaneous endoscopic colostomy tube:  (GI)  aka, PEC tube.

 

percutaneous mitral valvotomy (PMV).

 

Percutaneous Stoller Afferent Nerve Stimulation System (PerQ SANS): For the treatment of urge incontinence and frequency.

 

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTCA).

 

percutaneous transluminal atherectomy.

 

Percy-Wolfson retractor.

 

Perdue hemostats (ENT).

 

perestroika: (Politics) restructuring; associated most closely with Soviet Union in late 1980s.

 

Pereyra bladder neck suspension:  (Procedure)

 

perifluoropropane gas.

 

perfusion: pouring fluid over or through (See profusion).

 

perfusion defect.

 

perfusion scan: ventilation/perfusion scan, or V/Q scan.

 

periareolar.

 

periarticular fibrositis.

 

periarticular fracture.

 

peri-bottle.

 

peribronchial cuffing: a finding on chest x-rays.

 

pericarditis:  (Cardio) inflammation of the pericardium (Note, it is never “paracarditis”).

 

pericaval.

 

perilimbal.

 

perilunate dislocation: wrist.

 

perimeter: edge (referring to 2-dimensional figure). (See parameter).

 

perimetry: related to the eye.

 

perineal: related to perineum. (See peroneal).

 

perineal reflection.

 

pernio:  (Derm/Rheum) aka:  perniosis, chilblain; erythema and aching due to extreme cold, damp exposure.

 

PerioChip: implant for periodontitis.

 

periosteal elevator.

 

periosteal fibroma.

 

periosteal osteosarcoma: subperiosteal tumors without involvement of marrow.(See parosteal osteosarcoma).

 

Periostat: (Rx) generic = doxycycline hyclate; treatment for periodontitis.

 

peripartal cardiomyopathy:   occurring late in pregnancy or shortly after delivery.

 

peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation:  PBPC, cancer treatment.

 

peripheral cystoid degeneration:  (Ophth) may lead to retinal detachment.

 

peripheral long line catheter: placed in forearm or antecubital fossa, tunneled under skin, enter antecubital vein, threaded up into the subclavian vein or vena cava, and functions as a central venous catheter.

 

peripheral neuropathy.

 

perisinus conduction block.

 

peristalsis: (GI) alimentary canal contraction; propelling contents of canal or tube by waves or contractions (see peristasis to avoid confusing the 2 terms).

 

peristaltic: pertaining to peristalsis.

 

peristalses:   plural of peristalsis.

 

peristaltic stripping wave.

 

peristasis: phases of inactivity of vasoconstriction in inflammation (see peristalsis to avoid confusing the 2 terms).

 

Peri-Strips: used to reinforce/seal surgical staple line (2000).

 

perisylvian: refers to cortical zones immediately adjacent to the Sylvian fissure.

 

perleche: (Derm) moist, erosive fissuring at corners of the mouth.

 

Per-Lee middle ear tubes.

 

Perlmann tumor: of kidney, benign.

 

Perlon suture.

 

Per Mar Security:  (Business) a Madison, WI, area employer, private security services.

 

Permax:  (Rx) pergolide mesylate; for Parkinson disease.

 

PermCath: (NOTE- It is NOT “permcath” or “permacath”

 

permethrin: (a brand name is Permanone) A chemical that kills ticks and other various crawling insects.

 

pernicious anemia:   vitamin B12 malabsorption.

 

peroneal:   pertaining to the fibula, or region of the fibula. (See perineal).

 

peroneus brevis muscle.

 

peroneus longus muscle.

 

peroneus tertius muscle.

 

peroral esophageal prosthesis.

 

peroral pneumocolon double-contrast followthrough.

 

peroxidase enzyme: contained in cantaloupe, horseradish, etc.

 

PERRLA: an acceptable abbreviation used on physical exam for pupils equal, round, regular, react to light and accommodation.

 

Perry procedure: for genu curvatum.

 

perseverate / perseveration: persistence or repetition of a response after the causative stimulus has ceased or in response to a different stimuli; e.g., a patient answers a question correctly, but then gives that same answer to succeeding questions; seen in schizophrenia or with organic brain lesions. (Stedman’s).

 

persevere / perseverance:   persist steadfastly.

 

Persist treatment program: Used to rehab/strengthen pelvic floor muscles to control urinary incontinence.

 

pertubation: insufflation of uterine tubes (pertube).

 

perturbation: disturbing or agitating (perturb).

 

pertussis DFA and culture:  (Lab) tests for whooping cough, also called Bordetella pertussis DFA, can be done separately as pertussis DFA, pertussis culture.

 

peruse: study in detail.

 

pes anserine bursitis: also called anserine bursitis.

 

Peters anomaly.

 

petit pas: (pronounced “petty paw”) short, shuffling steps.

 

Petrie spica cast.

 

petrosal sinus.

 

petrous: (adjective) rock hard.

 

PET: positron emission tomography.

 

PETT: positron emission transaxial (or transverse) tomography scan.

 

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome:  freckles of lips and fingers and benign polyps of intestines.

 

Pexeva:  (Rx) generic = paroxetine mesylate; SSRI for depression.

 

Peyman YAG: laser.

 

Peyronie disease:  (Urology)

 

peyronie-like plaque.

 

Peyton brain spatula.

 

Pezzer catheter.

 

Pezzi sign: on fluoroscopy, “hilar dance”.

 

PFD: patellofemoral dysfunction.

 

Pfau atticus punch.

 

Pfizer scan.

 

PFP: perifluoropropane gas.

 

PFS exercises:  for patellofemoral stress.

 

PFSS: (Abbrev) patellofemoral stress syndrome; also called runner’s knee.

 

PFT:  pulmonary function test, spirometry; includes FEV-1, FVC, FEV-1/FVC ratio, FEF 25/75, PEF; typically written as predicted % of normal.

 

PGA suture: Used for GYN, orthopedic, and general surgery procedures (1997).

 

PGR:   psychogalvanic response.

 

phacoemulsification: (Ophth) method of cataract extraction.

 

pHacs I: (Lab) pH analysis and cartridge system; for immediate pH analysis of cardiac arrest victims.

 

phagocyte: (Lab) any cell that ingests microorganisms, other cells, or particulate matter.

 

phagophobia: (Psych)  irrational fear of eating.

 

phalangeal joint.

 

Phalen sign:  (Ortho) wrist flexion test, to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome.

 

Phaneuf forceps: (OB/GYN).

 

Phantom nasal mask:  Used to treat obstructive sleep apnea (2000).

 

phantom limb phenomenon: The feeling that amputated limb is still there.

 

phantom pain

 

Pharmacia 5200 pump: For patient-controlled injection of hydromorphone, pain medication.

 

phenazopyridine: (Rx) urological drug.

 

phenol neurolysis.

 

phenofibrate:  (Pharm) a class of drugs.

 

PhenoSense HIV drug resistance assay:  (Lab)

 

phentermine hydrochloride: (Rx) drug for weight loss, short-term treatment of exogenous obesity. Brand names are Adipex-P, Fastin. 1996; part of the “fen-phen” protocol, no longer used, which was fenfluramine and phentermine; see fenfluramine.

 

phenylalanine mustard (PAM).

 

phenylephrine.

 

pheochromocytoma.

 

Philadelphia chromosome:  (Lab) seen in leukemia; uses FISH, or fluorescence in situ hybridization in testing for this.

 

Philadelphia collar:  (Ortho) type of cervical collar.

 

Philippine Islands:  (Geography) Note that Filipino is a term meaning someone who is native to these islands.

 

Philips urethral catheter.

 

Philips orthoralix: Dental x-ray equipment.

 

Phillips screw.

 

Phillips rectal clamp.

 

philtrum: (Anatomy) central vertical lip depression, groove. (NOTE: NOT “filtrum”).

 

phimosis:  (Condition/Uro) a narrowing of fold of skin covering glans penis.

 

pHisoHex soap: also OK to type as PhisoHex.

 

phlebologist:   vein specialist (phlebotomist works in the lab, draws blood).

 

phlegmatic:  (Adjective) 2 meanings; to have a calm, sluggish, unemotional temperament; OR related to having or producing phlegm.

 

phlyctenular keratitis

 

phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis.

 

Phoenix computerized hearing aid: by Nicolet.

 

phonophoresis.

 

Phoresor Iontophoretic Drug Delivery System:  Delivers localized therapeutic doses of corticosteroids transdermally to areas of acute inflammation.

 

phoropter pinhole test: (Ophth) measures refractive errors.

 

PhosLo: (calcium acetate) Treatment for hyperphosphatemia.

 

phosmet: insecticide for flea control.

 

phosphatidyl choline: (Homeopathy) this breaks down fat, promotes healthy liver and heart.

 

phosphatidyl serine: In homeopathy, said to be a soy-based brain nutrient.

 

phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

 

phosphorylcholine (PC): Used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.

 

photoaging / photoaged skin.

 

photochromic.

 

photodynamic therapy:  PDT; treatment of tumors.

 

Photo-Flash peritoneoscope.

 

Photofrin: (Rx) porfimer sodium, IV photosensitizing agent for photodynamic treatment of tumors.

 

PhotoGenica V-Star: A pulsed-dye laser.

 

photomydriasis.

 

photon absorptiometry: Used in measuring bone mass.

 

photon-deficient lesion (cold):   Intramedullary abscess formation leading to decreased local blood flow on technetium scan.

 

Photon Radiosurgery system: X-ray delivery to treat tumors.

 

photoplethysmography (PPG):   Uses light to measure blood flow.

 

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK): Surface laser eye (cornea) reshaping.

 

Photostar-V8 colposcope.

 

pH probe test (Lab).

 

phrenoesophageal ligament.

 

PHRT protocol: (Oncology) Cancer treatment includes:  procarbazine, hydroxyurea, radiotherapy.

 

phrygian cap: Anatomical variant of gallbladder in which there is a fold or division at the tip at the point where the tip of the gallbladder joins the body of the gallbladder. Name comes from the resemblance of this variant to a style of pointed hat seen in ancient Greek art.

 

phthiriasis: (Derm) infestation with crab or pubic lice.(See also pediculosis).

 

phthisic / phthisical: 1) Affected by tuberculosis.  2) Appearing emaciated, wasting away.

 

phylloides, cystosarcoma:   a fibroadenoma.

 

-phyma: Suffix indicating swelling of tissues.

 

physeal plate: growth plate of bones.

 

physiatry / physiatrist:   Medical specialty involving the evaluation and treatment of patients whose functional abilities are impaired as a result of an injury or disease.

 

“physic”:  pronounced “fizz-ik”, it is another word for a laxative.

 

Physicians’ Global Impression (PGI): An outcome measurement scale to assess efficacy outcomes in clinical research.

 

phytoserol: (plant sterol) substances believed to decrease cholesterol absorption; also called sitosterols.

 

phytanic acid: found in animal fat and dairy products.

 

phytic acid: found in plant leaves.

 

phytates: a form of phytic acid found in spinach.

 

phytobezoar: (GI) undigested mass in the stomach made up of plant matter, fibers, seeds, skins, especially of fruits and vegetables; occurs usually after gastric surgery and ulcer disease.

 

phytoestrogens:  (Plants) naturally occurring estrogen, found in foods like beans, cabbage, soybeans, etc., similar in properties to human estrogen; in some studies, shown to prevent breast cancer; classes of phytoestrogens include isoflavones and lignans.

 

Pi, PiMS, PiMZ, PiZ, PiZZ: phenotypes of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.

 

PIC: peripherally inserted catheter, inserted locally (not centrally to vena cava). (See PICC below).

 

PICC: peripherally inserted central catheter, inserted into the superior vena cava for long-term administration of fluids, drugs, nutrients. This is the catheter used for chemotherapy. It has been instructed that “when in doubt”, use PICC rather than PIC, since PICC is the more commonly used term. (Source: MT Desk 2002).

 

PICA: posterior inferior cerebellar artery / posterior inferior communication artery.

 

pica: (Psych) A disorder in which strange or nonnutritive substances are craved and eaten compulsively such as ice, dirt, gravel, flaking paint or plaster, clay, hair, laundry starch, etc. Pica and citta (strange food cravings) are common in pregnant women, but pica is also seen in patients with iron or zinc deficiencies, and in children is classified as a rare mental disorder. (NOTE: The unusual name, pica, is the Latin word for magpie, which is a bird known to eat or carry away odd objects). Source: Stedman’s Medical Dictionary.

 

pica gravidarum: (OB) the disorder of craving/eating nonnutritive substances during pregnancy (see pica above).

 

Picardin:  mosquito repellant not containing DEET (MT Daily June 2005).

 

Pick disease: (Neuro) form of dementia; also called Pick atrophy.

 

pickwickian syndrome: combination of obesity, somnolence, hypoventilation, and red face.

 

Picot weighted speculum:  (Instrument)

 

piecemeal:  small amounts at a time, fragments.

 

Piedmont fracture:  (Ortho) Closed fracture of radius, no associated ulnar fracture.

 

piedra: (Derm) a fungus disease of the hair shaft.

 

Pierce rongeur:  (Instrument)

 

Pierce saccade:  (Ophth) eye problem.

 

Pierrot and Murphy procedure: ankle.

 

piesiesthesia: pressure sense.

 

piesimeter, piezometer : (same, different spellings acceptable) an instrument to test the sensitivity of the skin to pressure; also to measure pressure of gas or fluid.

 

piesimeter, Hales’: glass tube inserted into an artery to measure blood pressure by how far the blood rises inside the tube.

 

piezoelectric effect / piezoelectricity:  ultrasound transducer.

 

pigment cirrhosis: (GI) cirrhosis of the liver associated with dark brown discoloration, seen in hemochromatosis.

 

pigmented gallstones: (bilirubin) from excessive destruction of red blood cells.

 

pigmented villonodular synovitis:  (Rheum) diffuse outgrowths of synovial membrane, usually of the knee.

 

pigmentia alba: (Derm) sun exposure to eczema, causes white spots, not tan.

 

pigment-laden: (Ophth)

 

pigskin graft:  porcine.

 

pigtail catheter: for angiography.

 

pig valve replacement: (Cardio) also called porcine valve.

 

Pilates:  (Exercise) Type of exercise developed by Joseph H. Pilates.

 

pill-rolling tremor: (Neuro) seen in parkinsonism, rolling a nonexistent “pill” between thumb and a finger.

 

Pillo Pro dressing: (Plastic Surgery) used most in liposuction and cosmetic surgeries. (1997).

 

pillow orthosis:   also called Frejka orthosis.

 

pilon fracture: fracture of distal metaphysis of tibia, extends to ankle joint.

 

pilonidal cyst / pilonidal sinus/ pilonidal fistula.

 

pinch-off syndrome:  (Hem/Vasc)  compression of catheter between 1^st rib and clavicle, which can result in damage, fracture, and/or embolization of the catheter.

 

pinch purpura:  (Derm) seen in amyloidosis, trauma to skin.

 

pinch skin graft:  small bits of healthy skin seeded onto an open wound.

 

pineal calcification:  aka, “brain sand”.

 

pinealoma:  tumor of the pineal gland

 

ping pong fracture:  depressed skull fracture in infants and children where no fracture line is visible.

 

pinguecula: (Ophth) yellowish spot on eye (conjunctiva).

 

pinhole (eye).

 

“pink puffers and blue bloaters”: slang for patients in respiratory failure.

 

pinnectomy:  (ENT) removal of pinna.

 

pinprick (one word).

 

Pinto distractor.

 

pin tract infection: (Ortho) cast complication.

 

pinworm paddle: plastic stick with flat, sticky surface for pinworm collection at the anus.

 

Pi/PCr: inorganic phosphorus to phosphocreatine ratio.

 

Pipelle endometrial suction curette:  (GYN).

 

piperiodione.

 

pipette: (Instrument) a graduated tube (mL) used to transport liquid or gas in laboratory work.

 

PIPIDA scan: (Radio) para-isopropyliminodiacetic acid; a gallbladder scan.

 

Pipkin fracture.

 

piriform sinus:  (Anatomy/ENT) recess in anterior lateral wall of nasopharynx.

 

piriformis muscle:  (Anatomy) pelvis, ilium, trochanter region; rotates hip laterally.

 

piriformis test:  (Ortho/Neuro) exam for sciatic nerve impingement.

 

pistol shots: (Cardio) descriptive term used to describe sounds heard over the brachial or femoral arteries.

 

piston sign:   Dupuytren sign.

 

pistoning movement: (Ortho).

 

Pitanguy fat.

 

Pitanguy mammoplasty.

 

pitcher’s elbow: epicondylitis from repetitive throwing.

 

Pitkin syringe / formula / technique: spinal anesthesia developed by Dr George Pitkin in 1920s.

 

Pitt tracheostomy tube.

 

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index:  Evaluates effects of obstructive sleep apnea.

 

pityriasiform lesions / eruption / disorder:  (Derm)

 

pityriasis: (Derm) Originally a group of skin diseases, now this term is always used with a modifier, some examples below:

 

pityriasis rosea:  (Derm/Condition)

 

pityriasis rubra

 

pityriasis rubra pilaris

 

pityriasis sicca

 

pityriasis versicolor

 

pivot shift sign / test: (Ortho) on physical exam, to diagnose anterior cruciate ligament injury/laxity.

 

PIXI Bone Densitometer: (Equipment) used to measure bone density.

 

PIXI bone report: A bone density exam, measured at heel or wrist.

 

Pixie fiberoptic scope: (Instrument)

 

PJRT:  (Cardio) persistent or permanent form of junctional reciprocating tachycardia.

 

PJT: (Cardio) paroxysmal junctional tachycardia.

 

PLAC:  (Lab) helps predict risk of coronary heart disease by detecting the enzyme lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, which is elevated in patient with coronary heart disease.

 

placebo: also known as a “sugar pill”.  Patient thinks a medication or therapy helps them when it should have no medicinal qualities. Placebo is Latin for “I will please”.  (See nocebo).

 

placenta praevia /previa: (OB/GYN) Placenta develops over internal os, so that it would precede the baby at delivery. This is one reason for a C-section. Either spelling is acceptable.

 

plafond: underside of plateau.

 

plain x-ray (NOTE: This is correct, it is NOT “plane” x-ray).

 

planar images

 

planar ventilation perfusion pulmonary scintigraphy: for detection of pulmonary embolus.

 

Plan B: (Rx) emergency contraceptive (levongestrel 0.75 mg) tablets (1999).

 

plano lenses:  (Ophth) clear lenses without a prescription.

 

planovalgus deformity.

 

plantar axial view:  (X-ray) of foot

 

plantar fasciotomy.

 

plantar flexion.

 

plantar grade position.

 

plantaris muscle.

 

plantar wart (NOTE- This is NOT planter or planter’s).

 

plasma cell myeloma.

 

plasma renin activity.

 

Plasmodium falciparum:  (Lab) malarial parasites, rarer form; AKA, falciparum malaria.

 

Plasmodium vivax:  (Lab) malarial parasites, this is the more common form; AKA, vivax malaria.

 

plastic behavior / plasticity.

 

plastic floor reaction orthosis.

 

Plastazote neck collar: describing the material the neck collar is made of; Plastazote is a rigid plastic.

 

Plastibell:  (Instrument) used for doing circumcisions.

 

plastisol: Material in prostheses.

 

plateau / plateaus/ plateaued / plateauing.

 

Platelia Aspergillus EIA:  (Lab) rapid test for Aspergillus.

 

Platelia BSE: Tests done on cows for mad cow disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy).

 

Platou osteotomy ? (unable to confirm)

 

Plavix: (Rx) generic = clopidogrel bisulfate; anti-stroke medication (FDA Feb 2002).

 

Playmaker brace:  (Ortho)  made by Donjoy.

 

pledget suture (Surgery)

 

Plenaxis:  (Rx) generic = abarelix; injectable for prostate cancer.

 

plenum: (Noun) meaning assembly with all members present; fullness; or an enclosure in which air or other gas is at a pressure greater than that outside the enclosure.

 

Pletal: (Rx) generic = cilostazol; medication for intermittent claudication (1999).

 

pleural cavity: (Pulmonary)

 

pleural peel:  (Pulmonary)

 

Pleur-Evac suction : (Pulmonary) used for chest surgery.

 

pleurodynia: also known as devil’s grip, epidemic myalgia, Bornholm disease.

 

pleuropericardial window: (Pulmonary)

 

Pleurovac chest catheter: (Pulmonary)

 

PleurX catheter:  brand name pleural catheter, also seen in references as Pleurx.

 

Plexiglas eye implant: (NOTE: Plexiglas is actually the registered trademark spelling).

 

PLMS: Not a recognized or acceptable abbreviation, but still used, means “periodic limb movements of sleep”

 

plosives: speech; words, letters, or sounds that are given a special emphasis when they are said.

Plosive consonants are p, b, t, d, k, g. Words like “Coca-Cola” are a form of plosive.

 

Plummer water-filled pneumatic esophageal dilator:  (Instrument/Equipment).

 

plyometrics / plyometric exercises: (Ortho/Rehab Medicine).

 

PMBV: (Cardio) percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy.

 

PML:  (Neuro) progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; rare neurologic disease with progressive deterioration and possibly death, no known treatment.

 

PMR: (Ortho) posteromedial release.

 

PMS: (Gyn) premenstrual syndrome.

 

PMT: premenstrual tension (includes PMT-A, with anxiety/anger; PMT-D, with depression; PMT-H, with edema, and PMT-C, with increased appetite).

 

PND: paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

 

pneumatic compression stockings: with single-chamber bladder or sequential/segmental bladder.

 

pneumatic otoscope: (ENT)

 

pneumatic retinopexy, Hilton: (Ophth)

 

pneumatic trabeculoplasty: (Ophth) surgery for open angle glaucoma.

 

pneumatoceles, traumatic: cystic air spaces on chest x-ray.

 

pneumoarthrogram.

 

pneumobelt.

 

pneumobilia: air in the biliary tree.

 

pneumohydraulic infusion system: (GI) to measure intraesophageal pressure and amplitude of contractions.

 

pneumonitis, hypersensitivity (types of): bagassosis, cheese washer’s lung, dog house disease, farmer’s lung, furrier’s lung, mushroom worker’s lung, paprika splitter’s lung, silo filler’s lung, suberosis, wheat weevil disease.

 

Pneumo Sleeve: Contains CO2 used to inflate abdomen during laparoscopic surgery. (2000).

 

pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis: (Condition) A disease of the lungs; also the longest word defined in the new Oxford English Dictionary.

 

pneumotachometer: Some types are Fleisch pneumotach, hot-wire pneumotach, screen pneumotach, turbine pneumotach.

 

PNF: proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation.

 

PNI: psychoneuroimmunology; the interaction of the psyche, the nervous system, and the immune system.

 

PNP deficiency:  purine nucleoside phosphorylase; an immune system disease.

 

Poarch, Jill, RN:  Coordinator for Meriter Hospital’s SANE nurse program for sexual assault cases (as of January 2003).

 

Pocket-Dop II: (Device) A hand-held Doppler featuring obstetrical and vascular probes.

 

pockmark: (Dermatology) depressions or pits left in the skin as a residual from acne, chickenpox, etc.

 

podagra / podagral / podagric: another term for gout, pertaining to gout.

 

podophyllin: (Rx) treatment for vulvar and perianal condyloma or warts; it is an extract of podophyllum.

 

Poisindex: A central database providing information on toxicology, possible harmful substances, treatments, antidotes, etc., for those who need the information immediately, such as emergency room physicians. (See also Identidex).

 

Poisson ratio: ratio of transverse to axial strain.

 

polacrilex nicotine gum: generic Nicorette gum for smoking cessation.

 

Poland syndrome / anomaly: Congenital abnormalities of the chest wall, pectoral dysplasia.

 

polar moment of inertia: (Physics) an extension of Newton’s law of inertia, refers to how difficult it is to get an object to rotate on an axis.

 

POLAR study: Pilot study of low temperature angiogenic revascularization for cardiac ischemia.

 

Polaris CPAP system: (Pulmonary)

 

Polarus: A brand of fixation equipment for humeral head fractures.

 

Politano-Leadbetter technique: (Urology).

 

Pollack grasper: instrument

 

pollicis brevis.

 

pollicis longus.

 

Poloma technique: (Urology).

 

polyacetyl: (Delrin) plastic, used in some Orthopedic products.

 

Polybrene.

 

polycystic kidney disease: A condition where multiple cysts form in the kidneys.

 

polycystic ovarian disease: (Ob-Gyn) condition found among women who do not ovulate, characterized by multiple ovarian cysts and increased androgen production.

 

polycythemia vera:  (Hematology) condition of overproduction (proliferation) of red blood cells due to bone marrow disease

 

Polydek suture.

 

Poly Diagnost A/U unit: for heart catheterizations.

 

PolyFlo: polyurethane peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).

 

polyglycolic acid suture (Dexon, Vicryl).

 

PolyMem: drug-free wound dressing, contains skin cleanser, moisturizer, and cornstarch (1997).

 

polymerase chain reaction:  (Lab) PCR

 

polymethylmethacrylate: used to make contact lenses.

 

polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML):  (Lab)

 

polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN):  (Lab)

 

polyneuritis: Inflammation of multiple nerves.

 

polyneuropathy.

 

polyostotic fibrous dysplasia: affecting multiple bones.

 

polyphenols: (Homeopathy) Natural occurring substances; classes include flavonoids and isoflavonoids, found in wine, nuts, citrus, soybean, pine bark, etc., thought to be helpful in preventing cancer and heart disease.

 

Polyphenon E: an extract of green tea.

 

polypropylene.

 

polypropylene glycol.

 

polytetrafluoroethylene graft (PTFE).

 

polyvinylalcohol (PVA)

 

pomade acne: acne primarily found on the forehead and temples after repetitive use of hair cream (pomade), hair care products.

 

Pompe disease: (Cardio) anomalous left coronary artery.

 

Poncet disease:  (Rheum)  polyarthritis, reactive arthritis, seen usually during or in association with TB.

 

Poncho wrap.

 

Pondimin: (Rx) generic = fenfluramine. Taken off the market. Weight loss drug, part of the “fen-phen” protocol, fenfluramine-phentermine combination. Caused heart valve and cardiac complications.

 

Ponka anesthesia technique.

 

ponticulus posticus.

 

pontine angle / pontine angle tumor (Ophth).

 

Pool suction tube.

 

POP bandages : Plaster of Paris.

 

popcorn pattern: on chest x-ray, suggests hamartoma.

 

popliteal cyst

 

popliteal entrapment.

 

POPmesh:  (Surgery) polypropylene mesh.

 

Poppen fashion.

 

Poppers tonsil guillotine.

 

poractant alfa:  administered to treat respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn.

 

poradenitis:  affects iliac lymph nodes, causes abcesses to form.

 

porcelain gallbladder: diffuse intramural gallbladder calcification.

 

porcine valve: (Cardio) prosthetic valve from pig heart.

 

porcine xenograft.

 

porfimer sodium:  (Rx) Photofrin; IV photosensitizing agent used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of tumors.

 

porokeratosis: (Derm) skin disorder, forms crater-like patches with keratotic borders which form circinate or serpiginous lesions.  Form that is specific to the palms and soles is called porokeratosis palmaris or porokeratosis plantaris disseminata.

 

porphyria:  characterized by abnormalities of porphyrin metabolism and results in the excretion of large quantities of porphyrins in the urine and in extreme sensitivity to light.

 

porphyrins: (Lab) component of hemoglobin.

 

port function.

 

portal hypertension.

 

portal triad: hepatic artery, portal vein, common bile duct.

 

porte-noeud:  (pronounced “port ned”) ?French for “knot carrier”.

 

portend:  an omen or warning (Webster’s dictionary).

 

Porterfield catheter: (Cardio).

 

Porter forceps.

 

Portex tracheostomy tube.

 

Portia: (Rx) (levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol) oral contraceptive pill (FDA 2002).

 

posaconazole:  (Rx) generic for Noxafil, for treatment of fungal infections (2006).

 

Posey belt: restraint device.

 

Posicor: (Rx) generic = mibefradil; Withdrawn from market; was for treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris, voluntarily withdrawn from the market by the manufacturer based on information concerning drug interactions, some serious, when Posicor is taken with other medications, may still be referred to in dictation.

 

posit / posited: to assume as a fact or principle; to place in position.

 

Positions, examples of:

beach chair

Brickner (re: shoulder)

Bozeman (knee‑elbow)

Caldwell (ENT)

Casselberry

decubitus (dorsal d., left lateral, right lateral, ventral)

Depage (pelvis raised, V-shape)

dorsal lithotomy

dorsosacral

dorsosupine

Edebohl

Elliot (re: gallbladder surgery)

English

figure‑of‑four or figure four

Fowler

froglike

frontoanterior, frontoposterior, frontotransverse (fetal positions)

Fuchs (x-ray, zygomatic arch)

genucubital

genufacial

hinge

knee‑chest

knee‑elbow

Kraske

lateral recumbent

leapfrog

left lateral decubitus

lithotomy

Mayer (used to view TMJ on x-ray)

Mayo‑Robson

mentoanterior, mentoposterior, mentotransverse (fetal positions)

modified lithotomy

Noble

occipitoanterior, occipitoposterior, occipitosacral, occipitotransverse (fetal)

prone

reverse Trendelenburg

right lateral decubitus

Robson (for surgery on biliary tract)

Rose

semi‑Fowler

semi‑sitting

Sims (vaginal exam)

supine

Trendelenburg

Valentine (used in irrigating urethra)

Waters (NOTE:  not Water’s).

 

positive pressure oygen.

 

positron emission myocardial perfusion study.

 

positron emission transaxial (or transverse) tomography:  (PETT scan).

 

postage stamp skin graft.

 

posterior element fracture: spine.

 

posterior bow: femoral fracture.

 

posterior sag sign: (Ortho)  test for posterior cruciate ligament laxity; when patient is lying on back with knees bent upward, the affected shin sags below the healthy leg.

 

postherpetic neuralgia (PHN): Residual condition after nerve injury from shingles.

 

postictal: (Neurology) the stage after a seizure.

 

postpoliomyelitic contracture.

 

postprandial gastrocolic reflex.

 

post-static dyskinesia:  pain in the heel with first steps after rest.

 

posttetanic stimulation.

 

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

 

postural drainage.

 

postural fixation test: back.

 

posttussive rales:  rales after a cough.

 

postviral fatigue syndrome.

 

Potenza arthrodesis:  for finger.

 

POTS:  postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome; fast heart rate upon standing, pulse rate over 100, which increases by 30 bpm or more within 10 minutes of going from lying or sitting to standing, and may also include spells of low blood pressure while standing (neurally mediated hypotension); usually occurs in women with genetic tendencies; may also be called “chronic orthostatic intolerance”, or “COI”, see also tachycardia syndrome (Source: http://www.potsplace.com/ and NIH).

 

Pott eversion osteotomy.

 

Potts ductus clamp.

 

Potts ligature.

 

Potts-Cournand needle:  angiography.

 

Potts-Smith forceps.

 

pouchitis: (GI) inflammation of the ileal pouch.

 

povidone iodine.

 

power of attorney: (Legal) A legal instrument delegating legal authority to another person.

 

Power M-Mode Doppler:  (Cardio)

 

power pudding:  (Nutrition) pudding with extra nutrients to supplement a poor diet; Myoplex is a specific name brand maker of this pudding mixture.

 

Pozzi tenaculum.

 

PPD test: (Lab) a skin test for tuberculosis.

 

PPG-AFO brace: polypropylene glycol ankle-foot orthosis.

 

PPG-TLSO brace: (Acronym) polypropylene glycol thoracolumbar standing orthosis.

 

PPI: (Abbrev) proton pump inhibitor; class of gastrointestinal drugs.

 

PPI: (Abbrev) prepulse inhibition test for schizophrenia.

 

P-P interval: on electrocardiogram (EKG).

 

P-Q interval: on electrocardiogram (EKG).

 

PPMA: (Abbrev) postpolio muscular atrophy.

 

PPMD: (Abbrev) posterior polymorphous dystrophy (of cornea).

 

PPNG: (Abbrev) penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhea; a penicillin-resistant strain of gonorrhea.

 

P-pumonale: Tall, narrow peaked P waves on EKG, indicative of cor pulmonale. In respiratory or lung disease, P-pulmonale is transient, occuring only in exacerbations.

 

PPV: positive pressure ventilation.

 

PQRST system for assessing pain: 

P = that which provokes or palliates the pain.

Q = the quality of the pain.

R = region and radiation.

S = severity.

T = time or duration of occurrence.

 

P-R interval:   (Cardio)  on electrocardiogram (EKG).

 

Prader-Willi syndrome: A condition in children with floppiness (hypotonia), obesity, small hands and feet and mental retardation.

 

Prandin: (Rx) generic = repaglinide; drug to treat diabetes, tablet form, Rx only; a meglitinide class of oral hypoglycemic medications. (1999).

 

prasterone: (Rx) generic for Aslera; drug to treat lupus.

 

Pratt dilator / probe.

 

Pravachol: (Rx) generic = pravastatin; drug to reduce cholesterol and transient ischemic attacks, Rx only.(1998).

 

pravastatin:  (Rx) generic for Pravachol; drug to reduce cholesterol and TIAs.

 

Pravigard PAC:  (Rx) generic = pravastatin; also contains aspirin; dose is 1 aspirin and 1 Pravigard per day, copackaged containing the separate 30 aspirin tablets and 30 Pravigard tablets needed for a month’s supply (FDA 2003).

 

praxis: meaning a practical application; established or habitual practice, a custom; performance of an action.

 

praxis, constructional / ideomotor.

 

prebiotic: foods used by certain helpful bacteria added to diet to make bacteria thrive and grow (such as onions, leeks, some grains, honey, etc.). (See probiotic).

 

precede / preceding: meaning to go before. (See proceed).

 

Precedex: (Rx) IV sedation for intubated, mechanically ventilated adults in the ICU setting (1999).

 

Precision office TUNA: In-office transurethral needle ablation for benign prostatic hypertrophy (2001).

 

precocious puberty: A phrase meaning earlier than usual onset of puberty.

 

Precose: (Rx) generic = acarbose; drug for treatment of diabetes(1998).

 

precursor lesion:  lesion that comes before or precedes others.

 

predicament:  (Noun) meaning a troublesome and/or embarrassing situation, a dilemma.

 

PredictRx: A line of diagnostic products; also ProPredictRx.

 

predilection:  (Noun) meaning preference, often formed because of personal rather than objective knowledge.

 

predominance / predominant:  having prevalence; having importance, influence; most common.

 

preeclampsia: (OB) A toxemia of late pregnancy characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria, when convulsions and coma are associated, it is called eclampsia.

 

preexcited QRS complex tachycardia:  (Cardio)

 

PREFEST:  (Rx) estradiol/norgestimate; for treatment of symptoms associated with menopause.

 

prefire / postfire imaging:  (Radio/Onc) refers to series of x-rays (stereotactic) taken to pinpoint a lesion for biopsy, particularly breast biopsy.

 

PreGen-26:  (Lab) colorectal cancer test.

 

Pregnyl: (human chorionic gonadotropin) Drug used in infertility treatment.

 

prehypertension:  (Peds/Cardio) elevated BP in children above 120/80, for boys over 12 and for girls over 13 years of age, based on JNC 7 Study.

 

Prekallikrein Factor Assay: (Lab) Test for clotting deficiency; also called Fletcher factor.

 

Prelief: An OTC supplement for heartburn relief.

 

preload: (Cardio) end diastolic fiber stretch of the ventricle. (See afterload).

 

Premasol:  (Nutrition) Sulfite-free amino acid injections for low birth weight infants and children requiring TPN (2003).

 

premenstrual syndrome (PMS): (Gynecology)

 

premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): more severe symptoms that PMS.

 

PremiCron suture: Used for soft tissues (2001).

 

Premilene suture: Used for cardiac, plastic, and CV surgeries and skin closure (1999).

 

Premium CEEA circular stapling device:  (Instrument/Equipment)

 

premonition:  meaning a forewarning or foreboding. (See premunition).

 

premonitory:  Adjective form of “premonition”.

 

Prempro: (Rx) Conjugated estrogen/medroxyprogesterone combination.

 

premunition: meaning infection immunity. (See premonition).

 

Prenate GT: (Rx) Prescription prenatal vitamin with calcium and iron.

 

preperitoneal space: (GI) Space between the parietal peritoneum and deepest layer of muscular abdominal wall, the transversalis fascia.

 

Prepodyne scrub:  solution to irrigate wounds, etc.

 

preputial island graft:  (Urology)

 

presacral.

 

presbycusis: (ENT) hearing loss associated with aging.

 

presbylaryngis: age-related changes in vocal cords, voice.

 

PreserVision:  (Ophth/Nutrition) OTC vitamin and mineral supplement by Bausch & Lomb, to prevent age-related eye conditions, particularly macular degeneration; aka, Ocuvite PreserVision.

 

pressor effect / response.

 

pressure sore: (Derm) decubitus ulcer, also called bed sore.

 

pressure support ventilation.

 

Pressurometer II: a brand of blood pressure monitor.

 

Prestige Smart System: A blood glucose monitoring system

 

PRESTO study: Prevention of restenosis with tranilast and its outcomes; to prevent cardiovascular restenosis.

 

Preston dynamometer.

 

presyncope.

 

presystolic gallop: (Cardio) S4.

 

Prevacid: (Rx) generic = lansoprazole; proton pump inhibitor class of drug for GI conditions, specifically GERD. Rx only; another form is Prevacid SoluTab.

 

Prevacid triple therapy: (Rx) Prevacid/clarithromycin/ amoxicillin; a 14-day regimen to treat Helicobacter pylori, packaged together in a Prevpac (see below).

 

Prevalite:  (Rx) generic = cholestyramine powder for cholesterol lowering.

 

Preven: (Rx) emergency contraceptive kit; contains 4 emergency contraceptive pills and a urine pregnancy test. Rx only.  (1998 FDA).

 

Prevnar: (Rx) Vaccine for meningitis, pneumococcus in children. (NOTE: Contact with an AHP representative on 02/19/00, confirms the correct and current trademark name for this vaccine is Prevnar, as listed here. It was previously trademarked as Prevenar, which is why one will find that spelling on numerous web sites, including a search of the AHP site, and in press releases prior to 2000.) Mfg AHP. Source: MTDesk.

 

Prevpac: (Rx) A pre-packaged triple therapy containing Prevacid / clarithromycin / amoxicillin as a 14-day course to treat Helicobacter pylori.

 

PreVue B. burgdorferi antibody detection assay: (Lab) A simple, rapid blood test used in patients suspected of having Lyme disease. A positive result must be confirmed with a Western blot test done by a laboratory.

 

Prezista:  (Rx) generic - darunavir; for HIV.

 

Prialt:  (Rx) ziconotide; intrathecal infusion for pain.

 

Prieser disease: necrosis of navicula.

 

Priftin: (Rx) generic = rifapentine; an antituberculosis drug. (1998).

 

Prilosec: (Rx) generic = omeprazole; drug for GI disorders. (1998). OTC status approved 2003  for heartburn relief.

 

primam, per: healing by first intention.

 

Primaquine:  (Rx) generic = primaquine phosphate, antimalaria drug.

 

primaquine phosphate:  (Rx) generic Primaquine; antimalaria drug.

 

primary atrial tachycardia:  (Cardio)

 

primary closure: of wound edges.

 

Primaxin:  (Rx) generic = imipenem & cilastatin; to treat bacterial infections.

 

primitive dislocation.

 

Primsol: (Rx) generic = trimethoprim HCI; oral solution for otitis media. (1997).

 

primum non nocere: first, do no harm (Latin).

 

primus varus.

 

Prince muscle forceps.

 

Pringle maneuver: occluding the portal triad at the epiploic foramen.

 

Prinzmetal disease: (Cardio) angina.

 

Prism-CL cardiac pacemaker.

 

PRIST: (Lab) paper radioimmunosorbent test, a double antibody (“sandwich”) assay.

 

Pristiq:   (Rx) generic = desvenlafaxine;  for major depression.

 

Pritchard arthroplasty.

 

Pritikin diet: Developed by Nathan Pritikin in mid 1970s; a very low fat diet initially developed to improve cardiovascular health, with added benefit of weight loss.

 

Pritikin Longevity Center and Spa: In Florida, and educational health center where clients learn to incorporate the Pritikin diet, along with exercise and stress management into their lives.

 

privilege: meaning a special right.

 

Proactiv: (OTC) A skin care system for acne.

 

proactively: meaning to act before, rather than reacting to, opposite of reactively.

 

proarrhythmia.

 

proband:  (Genetics) the family member through whom a family history or medical condition comes to light or first shows itself; also called “index case”, propositus (male), propositi (female).

 

Probe catheter: Angioplasty balloon catheter.

 

Probiotica:  A brand name OTC chewable probiotic tablet. (Manufacturer: McNeil, 2000).

 

probiotics:  foods containing beneficial live bacteria (i.e., yogurt). (See prebiotics).

 

Probetron readings: (Radiology) for radium inserts.

 

pro bono: (Legal) legal term meaning providing services for free; Latin for “pro bono publico”, or “for the good of the public”).

 

Procanbid:  (Rx) procainamide extended-release tabs.

 

proceed/proceeding:  meaning to carry on or go forward (See precede).

 

prochlorperazine edisylate:  (Rx) generic Compazine; antiemetic.

 

procidentia (OB/GYN).

 

Procleix HIV-1/HCV assay: (Lab) Detects disease in whole blood in very early stages of infection. (Source: MT Desk 2002).

 

Pro-Clude dressing: A brand name transparent film dressing. (Source: Manufacturer: ConvaTec).

 

procollagen: biosynthetic precursor of collagen. (Note protocollagen is a precursor of procollagen).

 

Procrit: (Rx) erythropoietin; a medication which stimulates red blood cell production. (1996).

 

proctalgia:  (Condition) pain in anal region.

proctalgia fugax:  intermittent pain in anal region commonly occurs at night.

 

ProctoCream, ProctoCream HC: (Rx) 2.5% topical cream for hemorrhoids and anorectal symptoms, the “HC” formulation contains hydrocortisone.

 

Proctofoam-HC: (Rx) A brand name prescription aerosol foam containing hydrocortisone and pramoxine HCI, used to relieve anorectal inflammation, pain, swelling, pruritus.

 

Procto-Kit:  OTC Proctosol-HC cream and applicators for treatment of hemorrhoids.

 

Proctosol-HC: OTC suppositories and topical cream for hemorrhoids and anorectal symptoms, contains hydrocortisone.

 

Proctosone:  OTC natural hemorrhoid remedy. 

 

prodrome/prodromal: meaning coming before (as in symptoms before a disease diagnosis,etc.).

 

Profasi: (Rx) chorionic gonadotropin; drug used in infertility treatment.

 

profusion:  meaning lots and lots (See perfusion).

 

Progesterone Plus: An OTC supplement applied topically to the skin for progesterone replacement containing soy and wild yam. (Source: Manufacturer: LifePlus, 1998).

 

prognosis: related to medicine, meaning a forecast as to the probable outcome of a disease or condition; the prospect of recovery based on the symptoms and the nature of the case (whereas “diagnosis” is more definite).

 

Prograf :  (Rx) generic = tacrolimus; capsules and injection; immunosuppressive drug for prophylactic treatment against possible organ rejection.(1997).

 

Programalith pacemaker.

 

progravid: (Ob-Gyn) the phase of the endometrium in which it is prepared for pregnancy.

 

progressing stroke: a stroke in evolution.

 

progressive diaphyseal dysplasia.

 

progressive supranuclear palsy:  (Neuro) aka, PSP; neurological disorder causes problems with gait and balance and vision problems.

 

ProHance:  (gadoteridol) intravenous contrast material.

 

prohormone: any substance that can be converted to a hormone.

 

prolapsing redundant arytenoids: (ENT) also known as “sinking redundant arytenoids”, contributes to obstructive sleep apnea. (Source: HPI 2000).

 

Prolene suture: type of polypropylene suture. (NOTE: The spelling with capital “P” was confirmed by searching the manufacturer’s website, Johnson & Johnson, and their divison Ethicon .)

 

Prolene mesh.

 

prolepsis / proleptic: occurring prior to the usual time; the return of paroxysm before the expected time, as in a periodic disease when paroxysms occur at shorter and shorter intervals.

 

Proleukin:  (Rx) generic = aldesleukin, a.k.a. interleukin-2 for injection, approved for treatment of adult patients with metastatic melanoma and metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients.

 

proliferans (eye).

 

proliferate / proliferation/ proliferative: the growth or reproduction, multiplication of similar forms, especially cells.

 

prolific:  meaning fruitful, productive, abundant.

 

PROloop:  Electrosurgical device for cutting, coagulation, and vaporization of tissues.

 

prolotherapy:  uses injections for musculoskeletal pain; aka, RIT or regenerative injection therapy.

 

Promensil: OTC phytoestrogen isoflavone supplement derived from red clover, said to help maintain estrogen levels during menopause. (Source: product web site 2000).

 

Prometheus test: (Lab) blood test for Crohn disease and colitis (1999).

 

Prometrium: (Rx) micronized progesterone for menopausal symptoms; used in the treatment of secondary amenorrhea. (1999).

 

Promogran matrix: wound dressing (2002).

 

Promycin:  (Onc) porfiromycin; cancer treatment.

 

pronator drift.

 

pronator quadratus muscle:  (Anatomy) deep layer, flexor compartment of forearm.

 

pronator teres muscle:  (Anatomy)  forearm.

 

pronatory force:  (Podiatry)

 

Pronova suture:  (Surgery) synthetic, nonabsorbable.

 

PROPA pH: OTC for acne (Source: Propa pH website, Dell Laboratories, 2000).

 

Propecia: (Rx) generic = finasteride; medication for male pattern baldness, for males only. Women with the most remote chance of pregnancy are not to handle broken or crushed tablets (1997).

 

prophecy: (noun) meaning a prediction. (NOTE: prophesy is a verb meaning to predict).

 

prophesy:  (verb) meaning to predict.

 

Propionibacterium:  bacteria

 

propionic acidemia:   a metabolic disorder.

 

Proplast: trademark name for a material used to repair defects, submucosal implantation.

 

propofol: (Rx) anesthesia.

 

proptosis / proptotic: (Ophth) exophthalmos.

 

Propulsid: (Rx) generic = cisapride; off the general market due to cardiovascular side effects; originally used for gastrointestinal conditions; may still be available if physician documents that nothing else works for the patient, and they meet clearly defined criteria, would then be enrolled in a limited-access program.

 

Proscar:  (Rx) generic = finasteride; for benign prostatic hypertrophy; also made news in 2003 regarding some early research findings that it may prevent prostate cancer, FDA has not approved it for that indication as yet.

 

proscribe: prohibit.

 

prosody: melody of speech.

 

ProSol:  (Rx) amino acid injection, sulfite free, for protein and nitrogen deficiencies.

 

Prosorba column: (Device) A drug free blood filtration device used in conjunction with an apheresis procedure. New indication: for moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis in adults. The Prosorba column has been approved since 1987 for use in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

 

Prospective Cardiovascular Munster Study: (PROCAM) Studying hyperlipidemia in patients with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus and the relationship to coronary artery disease, began in West Germany, came up with 9 risk factors for coronary artery disease.

 

PROSTALAC: (Ortho) prosthesis of antibiotic-loaded acrylic cement.

 

ProstaScint scan: (Uro) scan to diagnose prostate cancer.

 

ProstaSeed I-125: (Onc) treatment for prostate cancer (brachytherapy).

 

ProstAsure Index: (Lab) diagnostic testing for prostate cancer.

 

prostatic acid phosphatase level: (Lab) PAP. Enzyme elevated in some patients with prostate cancer.

 

prostate specific membrane antigen: (Lab)  PSMA.

 

Prostatron:  (Device) Device designed for minimally invasive treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) .

 

ProStep: (OTC) nicotine transdermal patches, OTC.

 

Prostin:  (Rx)  generic = alprostadil, pellet form of alprostadil used with MUSE (medicated urethral system for erection) to treat erectile dysfunction.(1997).

 

protean: readily assuming different forms.

 

Pro-Tec X-fac brace:  (Ortho) knee.

 

Protectaid contraceptive sponge with F5 Gel:  (Rx) Contraceptive sponge containing F5 Gel, a formula of three different spermicides in low concentration (1997).

 

protected brush: (bronchoscopy) a brush within a catheter, allows sample collection from sites of suspected infection so they are uncontaminated by flora from more proximal areas of the respiratory tract.

 

Protector meniscus suturing system:  (Device) Device for arthroscopic horizontal‑ or vertical‑mattress repair of meniscal tears.

 

Protecto-Splint: (Equip) finger splints; washable and invisible to x-ray.

 

Protege GPS:  (Device) carotid stent, also Protege RX.

 

Protegra supplements:  OTC line of nutritional supplements including:  Protegra Cardio Formula, Antioxidant Formula, Softgels, etc.

 

protein C:  (Lab) coagulation protein (along with protein S and vitamin K).

 

protein S:  (Lab)  see protein C above.

 

proteinaceous haze: (Ophth) intense flare.

 

Proteque SPS:  (Derm) OTC nonsteroidal skin lotion, protectant for eczema, dermatitis; combination cleanser, antibacterial, and moisturizer.

 

protocollagen: An unhydroxylated form of collagen and precursor of procollagen.

 

protodiastolic gallop:   (Cardio) S3.

 

ProtoMed surgical model: (Plastic Surgery) 3D model of face made from CT to use in craniofacial reconstruction.

 

proton beam radiation.

 

Protonix: (Rx) generic = pantoprazole sodium; GI drug; available in delayed release tablet form also; to reduce acid in the stomach, GERD. New indication (04/19/02): treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions associated with Zollinger‑Ellison syndrome or other neoplastic conditions.

 

proton pump inhibitor: A class of drugs for gastrointestinal conditions, abbreviated PPI (all caps).

 

Protopic: (Rx) generic = tacrolimus; topical ointment for eczema (2001).

 

Protos pacemaker:  (Device/Cardio) also Protos DR, Protos VR (FDA Dec 2002).

 

protozoan infections: Examples are giardiasis, amebiasis, cryptosporidiosis.

 

proud flesh:  phrase describing swollen skin surrounding a healing wound, caused by excessive granulation.

 

PROVE IT Trial:  (Clinical Trial)  to compare the clinical benefits of Pravachol vs. Lipitor in reducing the risk of heart attacks and other cardiac events and to investigate the role of infection in heart disease. PROVE IT stands for pravastatin or atorvastatin evaluation and infection therapy. Sponsored by: Bristol-Myers Squibb. (Source: PR Newswire,11/08/99.)

 

Proventil HFA: (Rx) medication for asthma, albuterol sulfate metered dose inhaler (MDI) containing hydrofluoroalkane-134A (HFA). (1996).

 

ProVex / Provex CV: OTC flavonoid supplement for cholesterol lowering.

 

Provigil: (Rx) generic = modanifil; medication in tablet form for excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy (1998).

 

Provisc:  ophthalmic surgical aid.

 

provocative tests:  Procedure by which a reaction is deliberately induced to prove what is causing it; examples are cold pressor, handgrip, hyperventilation, ergonovine, etc.

 

Proxeed:  OTC supplement for male infertility to improve sperm quality.

 

proximal focal femoral deficiency: (PFFD).

 

Proximate stapler.

 

Proximate suture.

 

proxymetacaine: (Rx) local anesthetic used in the eye.

 

Prozac: (Rx) generic = fluoxetine, oral drug (SSRI) to treat depression and obsessive compulsive disorder.

 

Prozac Weekly: A once-weekly formulation of Prozac (90 mg) to treat depression and obsessive compulsive disorder. (2001).

 

Prudden, Bonnie:  (Author) author of the book “Pain Erasure”. 

 

Prudoxin:  (Rx) generic = doxepin hydrochloride, 5% cream. Indication: short-term management of moderate itching of atopic dermatitis and lichen simplex chronicus in adults. (2000).

 

Pruitt anoscope.

 

Pruitt-Inahara carotid shunt.

 

Prune Belly syndrome:  disorder involving weak/missing abdominal muscles in front, urinary tract abnormalities, and in males, testes that are undescended; aka, Eagle-Barrett syndrome.

 

Prussian blue:  (Pharm) treatment for known or suspected radioactive cesium or radioactive thallium contamination; oral capsules; also called Radiogardase.

 

PSA: (Abbrev) prostate specific antigen.

 

PSC Fertility Monitor: A wrist watch device, predicts ovulation. Available in Canada, in clinical trials in the United States (2002).

 

pseudobulbar palsy:   Condition which includes dysarthria, dysphagia, brisk jaw and facial reflexes, slow tongue movements, facial weakness, emotional lability.

 

pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy.

 

pseudoobstruction:  (GI)  disorder of hypomotility of intestines.

 

pseudopod: blunt-ended projection from a cell (Note: Some allergy doctors have used the term as “pseudopodding”).

 

pseudotumor cerebri: benign intracranial hypertension.

 

Pseudovent:  (Rx) contains guaifenesin 250 mg/pseudoephedrine HCl 120 mg capsules, a brand name generic expectorant/decongestant previously marketed by Ethex Corporation as Guaivent. (Note: Guiavent , containing guaifenesin/phenylpropanolamine, marketed by Vintage Pharmaceuticals and others, remain on the market.) Source for this info was MTDesk 2002.

 

pseudovitelliform macular degeneration: (Ophth) Literally means “false yolk-type”,occurs between ages 30-50, patients usually have no family history, takes a very slow course, and patients usually retain full vision in one eye. (Note: See also “vitelliform macular dystrophy”, or Best disease, “yolktype”).

 

PSIS: (Abbrev) posterosuperior iliac spine.

 

psittacosis / psittacine: (Pulmonary) A condition in which a human comes in contact with a bird, usually a pet bird such as a parakeet, parrot, etc., as well as ducks or turkeys, which is infected with Chlamydia psittaci. In humans, symptoms include fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, dry cough, with usually pneumonia seen on x-ray. (Note: The illness the infected birds have would be called “avian psittacosis”).

 

psoas bladder hitch: (Procedure) “hitching” the bladder onto the psoas minor tendon, also called simply “psoas hitch”.

 

Psorcon:  (Rx) diflorason diacetate; topical derm ointment.

 

PsoriAWAY:  OTC natural topical lotion, treatment for psoriasis.

 

PsoriGel:  (Derm) An OTC preparation for psoriasis.

 

PSS: (Abbrev) pressure sensing system.

 

PSVT: (Abbrev) paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.

 

psychomotor seizure:  (Neuro) characterized by psychic manifestation and complex motor seizure.

 

psychoneuroimmunology: (PNI) dealing with the links among the emotions, behavior, the nervous system, and the immune system.

 

PTA: (ENT) pure-tone average; an audiometric testing parameter.

 

PTB cast:  patellar tendon-bearing cast.

 

PTB supracondylar / PTB suprapatellar.

 

PTC: (Abbrev) percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.

 

PTCA: (Abbrev) percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; AKA, PCTA, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

 

PTER: (Abbrev) percutaneous transluminal endomyocardial revascularization.

 

pterion: A point at the junction of the frontal, parietal, temporal bones, and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, about 3 cm posterior to the external angular process of the orbit.

 

pterional meningioma

 

pternalgia: pain in the heel.

 

pterygium: (plural = pterygia) a wing-like structure, but applied especially to the eye, referring to a large, wedge-shaped growth of the conjunctiva and attached to the cornea.

 

pterygoid muscle: (Anatomy) in the jaw, helps move the jaw sideways during chewing.

 

pterygomaxillary notch: hamular notch, formed by the junction of the maxilla and pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone.

 

PTFE: polytetrafluoroethylene; graft fistulas for dialysis access.

 

PTH, intact: (Lab) intact parathyroid hormone test.

 

“ptomaine poisoning”: (pronunciation note:  the “p” is silent) This is a lay term for Staphylococcus food poisoning, although there really is no such clinical entity; ptomaines are products of decayed protein, but are perfectly harmless.

 

ptosis:   drooping of the upper eyelid; ptosis also means prolapse of any organ or part.

 

PTRA: (Acronym) percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty.

 

pubic rami bone:  (Anatomy)

 

pubis symphysis: (Ob-Gyn) or pubic symphysis

 

Public Health Dept., Madison:  (Social Services) Madison Public Health Department, City-County Building, Room 507, 210 Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Madison, WI 53703 (2003).

 

puddle sign: (Gastro)  A change in note (abrupt increase in intensity and pitch) when the air/fluid line is reached (on abdominal examination) as examiner taps or flicks belly, listening with stethoscope; an indicator of ascites.

 

pudendal artery angiography:  (Test/GU)

 

pudendal arteriography:  (Test/GU)

 

pudendal block: (OB) Anesthesia to pudendal nerve during labor and delivery.

 

pudendum: (Gyn) external genitalia, especially female.

 

Pudenz shunt:  for hydrocephalus.

 

Pudenz-Heyer clamp: (Neuro).

 

Puerta Plata:  (Geography) Dominican Republic resort city.

 

Puerto Vallarta: (Geography) Mexican resort city.

 

Puestow guidewire: (GI) used for esophageal dilatation.

 

Puestow procedure: (GI) lateral pancreaticojejunostomy.

 

Pugh hip pin.

 

pulley, annular or cruciate: (Ortho) finger, as in “A1 pulley” (dictated).

 

pulley suture.

 

pulley wire.

 

pull-through procedure:  (GI)  surgery technique.

 

Pulmicort Respules:  (Rx) contains budesonide inhalation suspension; for maintenance treatment of asthma in children under 12 years of age.

 

Pulmicort Turbuhaler: (Rx) contains budesonide inhalation powder; an anti‑inflammatory corticosteroid in dry powder form indicated for prophylactic/maintenance treatment of asthma in adults and children age six and older.

 

Pulmo-Aide: Compressor/nebulizer made by DeVilbiss.

 

pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

 

pulmonary edema:   extravasation of fluid into the lung interstitium.

 

pulmonary embolism:   (PE) clot in the lungs.

 

pulmonary function test:  PFT, spirometry; includes FEV-1, FVC, FEV-1/FVC ratio, FEF 25/75, PEF; typically reported as a % of predicted normal value.

 

pulmonary toilet:   humidification of inspired air, chest percussion, and transtracheal suctioning.

 

Pulmopak pump:  for arterial perfusion.

 

Pulmozyme: (Rx) generic =  dornase alpha; inhalation solution for treatment of patients with advanced cystic fibrosis. (FDA 1996).

 

pulp to palm:  (Ortho) measurement of hand-finger flexion (written with hyphens, pulp-to-palm distance, when used as adjective).

 

pulposus, herniated nucleus: herniated vertebral disk.

 

Pulsair system: an oxygen delivery system.

 

Pulsar CO2 laser.

 

pulse deficit:  (Cardio) difference between apical and other peripheral pulses.

 

pulse dosing: (Pharm) of medications (Note: also acceptable as pulsed dose).

 

pulsed dye laser:  used in ureteral stone lithotripsy along with other applications.

 

pulsed electromagnetic therapy:  (Neuro) for pain relief.

 

pulsed-field gel electrophoresis:  (Neuro/Lab) test for neurologic disorders.

 

pulsed irrigation: multiple times per day.

 

pulsed irrigation evacuation:  PIE, for fecal impactions with neuropathic bowel syndrome.

 

pulse oximeter / oximetry:  (Pulm) transmits a figure representing the percentage saturation of functional hemoglobin as an LED display on the meter.

 

pulse volume recorder (PVR).

 

pulsed Doppler spectral analysis.

 

pulse wave configurations.

 

pulse width.

 

PulsePak:  Trademarked packaging form for Sporanox (itraconazole) capsules designed to promote patient compliance with pulse‑dosing regimen. Each PulsePak contains seven daily blisterpacks for one week's "pulse" therapy, with two PulsePaks prescribed.

 

PULSES profile:   (Neuro)  A measurement of function ability following strokes, developed in 1957, it scores : physical condition (P), upper limb function (U), lower limb function (L), sensory components (S), excretory function (E), and social or support factors (S), on a scale of 1-4.

 

PulStar compression device: for DVT prophylaxis, wrap device used in conjunction with PAS pump unit to provide intermittent limb compression as prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

 

pulsus parvus: attenuated carotid pulse.

 

pulsus tardus: delayed carotid pulse increase.

 

pulsus parvus et tardus: meaning a tardy or delayed peak in pulse.

 

Pulvertaft weave:  (Ortho) used in tendon transfers.

 

pulvinar: fibrofatty debris found in a joint.

 

pump bumps:  (Pod) red areas over backs of heels in patients with high arches, occurs from rubbing on shoes; name comes from it being seen so often in women wearing high-heeled pumps (shoes).

 

punched-out lesions: seen on x-ray.

 

punctate lesion.

 

punctilious: scrupulous, attentive to etiquette and conduct.

 

punctum dilator.

 

Punjabi:  (Ethnic) can mean either someone from Punjab in NW India; or referring to the language spoken there; aka, Panjabi is also acceptable spelling.

 

Punta Cana:  (Geo) Dominican Republic resort/vacation destination.

 

Puntenney forceps:  (Instrument) ophthalmology.

 

PuraPly wound dressing.

 

Puri- Clens:   wound cleanser

 

pure-tone average:  (ENT)  audiometry study terminology, aka, PTA.

 

purge and trap gas chromatography: testing for volatile organic compounds.

 

Purinethol: (Rx) generic = mercaptopurine; oral drug for treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Source/Mfg: Glaxo-Wellcome website 2002.

 

Puritan-Bennett ventilator.

 

Purkinje fibers: (Anatomy) around the heart.

 

Puros Accugraft: (Ortho) biological allograft with corticocancellous construction used in anterior lumbar spinal fusion to restore normal disc height for treatment of degenerative disk disease.

 

purport / purported:  meaning to claim to be or claim to do something (Webster’s dictionary).

 

purpura:  (Derm) spots or patches on the skin; some types include:  Gougerot-Blum purpura, Majocchi purpura, Schamberg purpura (see individual listing for definition).

 

pursestring suture:  (Surgery) suturing technique, also acceptable as purse-string suture.

 

Purtscher angiopathic retinopathy:  (Ophth)

 

Purtscher disease:  (Ophth) traumatic retinopathy.

 

pus: liquified product of inflammation; plural form of pus = pura. (NOTE: Using the form of pus as an adjective can mean changing it to “pus-like”, “pus-forming”, or just leaving it as pus for the adjective form).

 

Push Aequi brace:  (Ortho) ankle.

 

push enteroscope/enteroscopy: (GI) Diagnostic instrument and treatment procedure of jejunal angiodysplasias and small intestine bleeding sites and lesions.

 

push-pull ankle stress: on x-ray.

 

pustulant:  as an adjective; causing pustules to form or having pustules.  Also found as a noun, meaning a type of medicine that causes pustules to form on the skin.

 

putamen: (Neuro/Anatomy) part of the brain, gray matter.

 

putative: reputed, supposed. (NOTE: Do not confuse this with “punitive”, which has to do with punishment).

 

Putti arthrodesis: (Ortho) knee, shoulder.

 

Putti bone rasp:  (Instrument)

 

Putti-Platt procedure:  (Ortho) shoulder.

 

PUVA therapy: (Derm) psoralen plus ultraviolet A; photolight therapy to treat a variety of skin conditions.

 

PUVA Cabin: (Derm) Structure which allows all-over body treatment, also called cabin PUVA.

 

PUVA Combi Light:  (Derm)

 

PVARP: (Abbrev) postventricular atrial refractory period.

 

PVC: (Abbrev) premature ventricular contraction.

 

Pycnogenol: A natural antioxidant supplement, OTC.

 

pyknic: A body type which is an overweight, rounded, stocky build (sounds like “picnic”).

 

pyknophrasia: a thickness of speech.

 

Pyle disease:  (Ortho) metaphyseal dysplasia.

 

pylon fracture:  (Ortho) compression fracture.

 

Pylori-Chek test: (Test) Uses breath samples to test for Helicobacter pylori infection.

 

PyloriProbe: (Lab) A noninvasive, direct enzyme immunoassay to detect the presence of Helicobacter pylori.

 

Pylori Stat: (Lab) Test to detect Helicobacteri pylori.

 

pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy:  (GI) PPPD; improvement upon the Whipple procedure.

 

pylorus-preserving Whipple modification:  (GI)  PPW

 

Pynchon-Andrew forceps.

 

PYP scan: (Cardio)  technetium pyrophosphate; used for myocardial infarct imaging.

 

pyramidal tract: (Anatomy) nerve fibers in brain.

 

pyrazinamide:  (Rx) PZA; treatment for tuberculosis.

 

pyridostigmine bromide:  (Rx) used by the military to increase survival after exposure to Soman nerve gas; previously approved for treatment of myasthenia gravis in general public (FDA Feb 2003).

 

pyridoxine: one of the forms of vitamin B6.

 

Pyrilinks-D assay:  (Lab) used to monitor antiresorptive therapy, i.e., Fosamax, also used to identify patients at risk of bone loss

 

Pyrocarbon implants:  (Ortho)  refers to the material used in the implants.

 

Pyrolite heart valve

 

pyrophosphate: abbreviated as PPi or PYP.

 

PYtest:  (Lab) breath test for use in the detection of gastric urea, which aids in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori.

 

PZA:  (Rx) pyrazinamide; treatment for tuberculosis.