IELTS Writing Positive and Negative Development Essay - Band 9 SAMPLE Answer --- **00:00:00** Many IELTS students have difficulties writing essays for Positive or Negative Development questions 許多雅思學生在寫正面或負面發展題的文章時遇到困難 **00:00:06** because they don’t know what they need to do to score high. 因為他們不知道要做什麼才能拿高分。 **00:00:12** If you want to learn how to write a high-scoring answer for such questions, this video is for you! 如果你想學會如何寫出高分答案,這個影片就是為你而作! **00:00:20** We write an entire essay for a Positive or Negative Development question step-by-step, and I show you how to get a Band 9. 我們會逐步撰寫一篇針對正面或負面發展問題的完整文章,並教你如何取得9分。 **00:00:25** By the way guys, if you are going to take your IELTS soon, check out my IELTS Materials. 順便說一下,如果你即將參加雅思考試,請查看我的雅思資料。 **00:00:31** There I teach you everything you need to score high. 那裡我會教你一切可以幫你取得高分的方法。 **00:00:38** I show you step-by-step how to give high-scoring answers and we do many practice tests together so you will feel confident for your test. 我會逐步示範如何給出高分答案,並和你一起做許多練習測驗,讓你對考試充滿信心。 **00:00:44** You can find the link below. And now let’s get started! 你可以在下面找到連結,現在我們開始吧! **00:00:52** When writing an essay for a Positive or Negative Development Question in Task 2, you must pay attention! 在寫第二部分的正面或負面發展題的文章時,你必須特別注意! **00:00:59** Positive or Negative Development Questions are often confused with Discussion Questions. 正面或負面發展題常常與討論題混淆。 **00:01:05** Therefore, you must be careful about how you answer. 因此,你要小心你的回答方式。 **00:01:12** In a Discussion question, you MUST talk about both sides. 在討論題中,你必須談論雙方觀點。 **00:01:19** That’s not true for a Positive or Negative Development question. 但這不適用於正面或負面發展題。 **00:01:25** Instead, you need to pick one side and explain why you support that side. 相反,你需要選擇一方,並解釋你為何支持那一方。 **00:01:30** Let’s have a look at a Positive or Negative Development Question: 我們來看一個正面或負面發展題的範例: **00:01:37** Some countries are building new roads and facilities to make remote cultural heritage sites such as archaeological ruins in the jungle accessible to a greater number of tourists. 一些國家正在建設新道路和設施,使偏遠的文化遺產地點(如叢林中的考古遺址)能被更多遊客接觸。 **00:01:43** Is this a positive or negative development? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. 這是正面還是負面發展?請給出你的理由,並加入你自身經驗或知識的相關例子。 **00:01:50** Write at least 250 words. 請至少寫250字。 **00:01:56** As you can see, there is a statement, then a question. 如你所見,文章中有一個陳述,接著是問題。 **00:02:02** The topic is usually something occurring often in modern life. 主題通常是現代生活中常見的事物。 **00:02:09** The question itself may be worded slightly differently, but you will see the words positive and negative. 問題本身可能措辭略有不同,但你會看到“正面”和“負面”這兩個字。 **00:02:17** The rest of the question is always the same. 問題的其餘部分總是相同。 **00:02:23** It asks you to give reasons and write at least 250 words. 它會要求你提供理由,並寫至少250字。 **00:02:31** That means over 250 words. 也就是超過250字。 **00:02:37** Now, I will show you how to write a Band 9 answer to this question. 現在,我將示範如何寫出此題的9分範例。 **00:02:43** First, pick a side. 首先,選擇一方。 **00:02:49** Remember, it doesn’t matter whether you say the trend is positive or negative. 記住,無論你說趨勢是正面或負面都沒關係。 **00:02:56** There is no “correct” answer. 沒有“正確”的答案。 **00:03:02** Instead, you are scored on how well you construct an argument. 相反,你的分數取決於你的論證構建得多好。 **00:03:09** Since it doesn’t matter which side I choose, I will say it is a negative development because I can immediately think of a negative point, namely that pollution will increase. 由於我選哪一方都無所謂,我會說這是一個負面發展,因為我可以馬上想到一個負面點,就是污染會增加。 **00:03:16** Don’t take too long thinking of the perfect viewpoint because you need to spend some time preparing. 不要花太久時間思考完美觀點,因為你需要花點時間準備。 **00:03:22** If you just start writing, your ideas will not be as organized. 如果你一開始就寫,想法可能不會那麼有條理。 **00:03:27** Therefore, write a few notes first. 因此,先寫幾個筆記。 **00:03:34** Let’s brainstorm a few ideas about why building new roads is bad: pollution, damage plants, use natural resources to build hotels, etc, local culture changes to tourism, vandalism. 我們來集思廣益,為何建造新道路是不好的:污染、破壞植物、使用自然資源建設酒店等、當地文化因旅遊改變、破壞行為。 **00:03:41** Wow. I came up with several ideas quickly. 哇,我很快想到幾個點子。 **00:03:45** You can’t write about all your ideas, though. 但你不能寫所有的點子。 **00:03:49** You have to pick two or three and give examples to support them. 你必須選擇兩三個並舉例支持。 **00:03:55** Here’s a tip for you: 這裡有一個建議給你: **00:04:01** When you decide which examples you want to choose, use simple topics that you can explain easily. 當你決定舉哪些例子時,選擇你能輕鬆解釋的簡單主題。 **00:04:07** Vandalism, or damaging things on purpose, is easy to talk about - you can talk about damage that is done on purpose, and damage that is done by accident. 故意破壞或破壞東西很容易談論——你可以談到故意造成的損害,也可以談到意外造成的損害。 **00:04:12** That’s a great start, so we’re ready to write our essay. 這是個好開始,所以我們已經準備好寫文章了。 **00:04:19** We will write this essay using a template. 我們將用模板來寫這篇文章。 **00:04:25** Now, you may ask: What are templates? 現在,你可能會問:什麼是模板? **00:04:31** Templates give you sentence starters that include advanced vocabulary and organize your answer, which helps you get a high band score. 模板會提供句子開頭,包含高級詞彙,並幫助組織你的答案,這有助於你取得高分。 **00:04:39** When writing your answer, you simply write down the sentence starter, and then you just have to finish the sentence with ideas that fit the topic. 寫作時,只需寫下句子開頭,然後用符合主題的想法來完成句子。 **00:04:46** To get all the templates you need, click on the link below and check out my IELTS Materials. 想獲得所有模板,請點擊下面的連結,查看我的雅思資料。 **00:04:53** You can find templates for all IELTS Writing tasks there, so for all charts in task 1, such as pie charts, line graphs, diagrams and so on, and all questions in task 2, for example, agree/disagree questions, advantage/disadvantage questions and much more. 那裡有所有雅思寫作任務的模板,包括第一部分的所有圖表(如餅狀圖、折線圖、圖示等),以及第二部分的所有題型,例如同意/不同意、優缺點等。 **00:05:03** My template starts with an introduction and gives me a sentence starter for Positive and Negative Development questions: 我的模板以引言開始,並提供正面與負面發展題的句子開頭。 **00:05:10** “An increasing number of people are choosing to”. It’s a great way to start the discussion. “越來越多的人選擇…”,這是個很好的開頭方式。 **00:05:17** However, I will change “people” to “countries” to fit the question better. 但我會將“people”改為“countries”以更貼合問題。 **00:05:23** You then have to paraphrase the question, so the reader knows what you’re talking about. 接著,你需要改寫問題,讓讀者知道你在談什麼。 **00:05:30** Here’s the first sentence: An increasing number of countries are choosing to increase tourism by constructing roads and other facilities that increase access to famous cultural heritage sites. 第一句範例:越來越多的國家選擇增加旅遊,透過建設道路和其他設施,讓人們更方便接觸知名文化遺產。 **00:05:38** After you paraphrase the discussion, go straight to your opinion. 改寫完問題後,直接表達你的觀點。 **00:05:44** One reason that IELTS students get a lower band score is that they don’t show that they support one side. 雅思學生得分較低的原因之一是他們沒有明確支持某一方。 **00:05:51** You must avoid that problem by stating your opinion clearly. 你必須清楚表明你的立場來避免這個問題。 **00:05:58** So, let’s do this: In my opinion, this is a negative development because it can damage the environment and site, either by accident or on purpose. 所以,我會這樣說:在我看來,這是一個負面發展,因為它有可能無意或故意地破壞環境和遺址。 **00:06:05** I use the words “this is a negative development” so that there is no ambiguity. 我用“這是負面發展”這句話,讓答案更清楚。 **00:06:12** I could paraphrase it, but I want to make sure that my answer is very clear. 我也可以換句話說,但我想讓我的答案非常清楚。 **00:06:19** I then briefly state my reason, “because it can damage the environment and site.” 接著簡短說明理由:“因為它可能破壞環境和遺址。” **00:06:26** Further, I include a brief summary of the reasons I use in my argument, so I ended the sentence with “either by accident or on purpose.” 此外,我用一句話總結我的理由,句子最後說“無意或故意”。 **00:06:34** “Either” is an awesome word for showing that there are two possibilities. “Either”是一個很棒的詞,表示兩種可能。 **00:06:41** It creates a complex sentence that shows off your vocabulary and grammar from the start. 它可以組成複雜句,展現你的詞彙和文法能力。 **00:06:49** You must be very careful about the wording of the introduction because you want to set a good impression for the rest of the essay. 你要非常注意引言的措辭,因為這會影響整篇文章的印象。 **00:06:56** After you write the introduction, move on to the body. 寫完引言後,接著進入正文。 **00:07:03** Notice that the introduction is short, only two sentences. 注意引言只有兩句,很短。 **00:07:10** The body paragraphs are where you develop those ideas. 正文段落則用來展開這些想法。 **00:07:17** Remember to indent the first line, since proper essay structure is essential. 記得縮排第一行,文章結構很重要。 **00:07:24** Now comes the topic sentence for this paragraph. 現在是這段的主題句。 **00:07:31** The topic sentence tells the IELTS examiner what this paragraph is about. 主題句告訴考官這段內容。 **00:07:38** The primary concern about increased tourism is unintentional harm to the environment. 增加旅遊的主要問題是無意的環境破壞。 **00:07:45** The first sentence is easy, since “The primary concern about XX is…” is part of my template. 第一句很簡單,因為“the primary concern about XX is…”是模板的一部分。 **00:07:52** I just needed to add “increased tourism.” 我只需加入“increased tourism”。 **00:07:59** In the previous sentence I used “by accident,” so now I am paraphrasing it to “unintentional.” 上一句我用過“by accident”,現在改用“unintentional”。 **00:08:06** I also changed “damage” to “harm.” 我也將“damage”改為“harm”。 **00:08:13** If you paraphrase, you show the IELTS examiner that you have a wide vocabulary, and this will increase your band score. 如果你換句話說,考官會知道你詞彙豐富,這會提高你的分數。 **00:08:20** The introductory sentence is usually quite short and general. 引言句通常很短且較籠統。 **00:08:27** Let’s add more details. 我們來加入更多細節。 **00:08:34** Here’s the first point: Litter and other pollution are obvious problems, but there are more subtle ways that even conscientious guests can hurt fragile ecosystems. 第一點:垃圾及其他污染很明顯,但即使是有心的遊客,也可能以較微妙的方式傷害脆弱的生態系。 **00:08:41** I don’t want to talk about every problem, so I just add “litter and other pollution” as an aside, they are “obvious problems” that I don’t have to discuss in detail. 我不打算談所有問題,所以只提“垃圾和其他污染”作為補充,它們是“明顯的問題”,我不用詳細說明。 **00:08:50** That way, I’ve added one reason without having to give detail. 這樣我就加入了一個理由,卻不用詳述。 **00:08:57** The point we want to develop is that there are “more subtle ways” to damage the environment. 我們想表達的重點是,有“更微妙的方式”可以破壞環境。 **00:09:04** You can see that I change “tourists” to “even conscientious guests.” 你可以看到我將“tourists”改為“even conscientious guests”。 **00:09:11** That emphasizes that even people who are trying to be good visitors can cause problems. 這強調即使是善意的遊客也可能造成問題。 **00:09:18** When writing your essay, use big words like “conscientious,” which means “careful,” to show off your vocabulary because this will increase your band score. 寫作時,使用像“conscientious”這樣的高級詞,意思是“小心謹慎”,來展現你的詞彙量,這會提高分數。 **00:09:25** However, make sure only to use words you know well. 但要確保只用你熟悉的詞。 **00:09:32** It is better to use shorter words correctly than long words incorrectly. 正確使用短詞比長詞用錯更好。 **00:09:39** Remember that the question prompt asks for reasons and examples from your personal experience. 記得題目會要求你提供理由和你個人的經驗範例。 **00:09:46** So, let’s add that next: For instance, I heard that by stepping off the marked path, visitors are trampling endangered native plants in the Andes around Machu Picchu, a site that used to be very difficult to reach. 所以,接下來加入:例如,我聽說有人偏離標記路徑,踩踏了馬丘比丘周圍安地斯山脈中的瀕危原生植物,這個地方以前很難抵達。 **00:09:53** “For instance” is a great linking word to introduce an example. “例如”是引入範例的好連接詞。 **00:09:59** Now, I can’t think of any examples where I actually saw unintentional damage, so I use “I heard” to show that this is something I am aware of, but didn’t actually experience. 現在,我想不到自己親眼看到的無意損害範例,所以用“I heard”來表示我知道這件事,但自己沒有親身經歷。 **00:10:06** I made this sentence present tense, and used “are trampling” to hint that the action is happening right now. 我用現在式寫這句,並用“are trampling”暗示這行動正在發生。 **00:10:13** Since I haven’t really discussed roads being built yet, I put in “a site that used to be very difficult to reach” to show that I am addressing the question of problems caused by making a site more accessible. 由於我還沒談到道路建設,我加入“曾經很難抵達的地方”來表達因為改善交通而引起的問題。 **00:10:20** That is enough information for the first point, so let’s add one more argument. 這已經足夠第一點的資料,接著再加入一個論點。 **00:10:27** By the way, if this video is helpful to you, hit the like button. 順便說一下,如果這影片對你有幫助,請按讚。 **00:10:33** Also, comment down below whether you want more sample answers for IELTS Writing. 也請在下方留言,告訴我你是否想要更多雅思寫作範例答案。 **00:10:40** Write YES if you want more. 如果想要,請寫“YES”。 **00:10:45** If you want something else, tell me your video wish in the comments, so I know what you would like to see on this channel. 如果你想要其他內容,請在留言中告訴我你的影片願望,我就知道你想看什麼。 **00:10:52** Now let’s continue writing our essay. 現在讓我們繼續寫文章。 **00:10:59** The next argument needs to be another example of unintentional harm, since that is the topic sentence for this paragraph: 下一個論點應該是另一個無意傷害的例子,因為這是這段的主題句。 **00:11:06** A further major issue might be that the extra cars and buses strain the environment through increased noise pollution and exhaust. 另一個主要問題可能是,額外的汽車和巴士會因噪音污染和廢氣而加重環境負擔。 **00:11:13** I use the sentence starter “A further major issue might be that” to show that I am changing the topic to a new example. 我用“A further major issue might be that”來表示我在轉換新例子。 **00:11:20** I am stressing the damage from additional tourism, so I use “extra” when talking about the “cars and buses.” 我強調額外旅遊帶來的破壞,所以用“extra”來描述“汽車和巴士”。 **00:11:27** The ideas of “increased noise pollution and exhaust” are clear, so we don’t need to add more detail to them. “噪音污染和廢氣”這些想法已經很清楚,不需要再多說。 **00:11:33** Let’s end the paragraph with a concluding sentence. We’ll start this sentence with “hence”. 讓我們用一句結論句結束這段,用“hence”來開頭。 **00:11:40** It’s an advanced word that shows that we’re summarizing the argument. 這個高級詞展現我們在總結論點。 **00:11:47** Hence, tourism can harm the site even when the visitors are being careful. 因此,即使遊客很小心,旅遊仍可能破壞遺址。 **00:11:54** Here you can see that I changed “accidentally hurt” to “even when the visitors are being careful”. 這裡可以看到我將“意外傷害”改為“即使遊客很小心”。 **00:12:01** The next paragraph is about intentional harm, so let’s use the word “intentionally” to show that contrast. 下一段是關於故意破壞,所以用“intentionally”來表明對比。 **00:12:08** Like before, we indent and use the sentence starter, “an additional reason for my stance is that…” from my template. 像之前一樣,縮排並用模板中的句子開頭“an additional reason for my stance is that…”。 **00:12:15** Here’s the first sentence: An additional reason for my stance is that some people intentionally vandalize sites. 第一句:我支持的另一個理由是,有些人會故意破壞遺址。 **00:12:22** Now, let’s add more detail: If roads make it much easier to reach a site, someone may sneak in and steal valuable objects. 現在,加入更多細節:如果道路讓抵達更方便,可能有人會偷偷進入並偷取珍貴的物品。 **00:12:29** As you can see here I use an “if-clause”. 你可以看到我用了“if子句”。 **00:12:36** If clauses are score boosters! “if子句”可以加分! **00:12:43** I always use them in IELTS Writing Task 2. 我在雅思第二部分寫作中總是用它們。 **00:12:50** An if-clause is a complex sentence structure that shows off your grammar and that’s why it makes your band score go up. “if子句”是個複雜句型,能展現你的文法,讓你的分數提升。 **00:12:57** You can see that the “if-clause” introduces the possibility of roads, and the second part shows what happens if the roads are built. 你可以看到,“if子句”引入道路的可能性,第二部分說明如果建造道路會發生的事。 **00:13:04** Now, let’s move from the general discussion to a specific example: A case in point is Tibet, which has many monasteries deep in the mountains that contain centuries-old statues. 接下來,用一個具體範例:以西藏為例,那裡有許多深山中的寺廟,裡面有百年古雕。 **00:13:11** I use “a case in point is” to introduce the example. 我用“a case in point is”來引入範例。 **00:13:18** I decided to explain Tibet better using a relative clause starting with “which”: “which has many monasteries deep in the mountains that contain centuries-old statues.” 我用“which”來補充說明:“which has many monasteries deep in the mountains that contain centuries-old statues.” **00:13:25** Make sure you use relative clauses in your essay because they show the IELTS examiner that you know complex grammar which will improve your band score. 確保在文章中用相對子句,這會讓考官知道你懂複雜語法,幫助提高分數。 **00:13:32** “Which” is an awesome way to add detail without using a whole new sentence. “which”是加入細節的好方法,且不需用新句。 **00:13:39** This example is not complete, though, because the reader doesn’t know why those monasteries are important, or how the roads affected them. 但這個範例還不完整,因為讀者不知道那些寺廟為何重要,或道路如何影響它們。 **00:13:47** We have to give some more details: In the past, these statues were protected by the effort of carrying the priceless relics over rough terrain, but now roads make them easy to remove via trucks to sell on the black market. 我們得補充些細節:過去,這些雕像靠運送貴重的遺物穿越崎嶇地形來保護,但現在道路讓它們易於用卡車運走,販售到黑市。 **00:13:54** I used “in the past” to show the old situation, and added the current situation with “but now.” 我用“in the past”來說明以前的情況,並用“but now”來說明現在。 **00:14:01** As you can see here, I joined the ideas into one sentence because I don’t want to lose the train of the argument with too many details. 你可以看到,我將內容合併成一句,避免因細節太多而失去論證的連貫。 **00:14:08** We’ve now shown how the roads add to vandalism: robbers can take the statues away easily in trucks. 我們已展示道路如何促成破壞:小偷可以用卡車輕易帶走雕像。 **00:14:15** Before, it was too hard to carry the statues. 以前,運送雕像太困難。 **00:14:19** This paragraph is now about the same size as the last one, so you should not add another reason. 這段文章現在與上一段長度相當,所以不要再加入理由。 **00:14:26** The paragraphs should be about the same length so they are balanced. 段落長度應該大致相同,以保持平衡。 **00:14:33** Let’s move on to the concluding sentence of the paragraph: Accordingly, security is compromised if accessibility is increased. 接著是這段的結論句:“因此,如果便利性增加,安全就會受到威脅。” **00:14:40** You guessed it! “Accordingly” is on my template! 你猜對了!“Accordingly”在我的模板中。 **00:14:47** Here you can see that I use a totally different way to say, “vandalism can occur if roads are built.” 你可以看到,我用完全不同的方式來表達“如果建道路,就可能發生破壞”。 **00:14:54** I say “security is compromised if accessibility is increased.” That’s an awesome paraphrase! 我說“如果便利性增加,安全就會受到威脅。”這是一個很棒的改寫! **00:15:01** You should absolutely paraphrase in IELTS Writing Task 2 because this shows the IELTS examiner that you have a broad range of vocabulary and this will improve your band score. 你一定要在雅思第二部分寫作中進行改寫,因為這會展現你詞彙豐富,幫助提高分數。 **00:15:08** When paraphrasing you don’t have to be complex, though. 不過,改寫時不一定要很複雜。 **00:15:15** It’s OK to use similar words. 用類似的詞也可以。 **00:15:22** The main point is to summarize the main idea of the paragraph so that the reader understands the argument. 主要目的是總結段落的核心思想,讓讀者理解你的論點。 **00:15:29** Two body paragraphs are enough. 兩個正文段落就夠了。 **00:15:36** Now, we have to write a conclusion. 現在,該寫結論了。 **00:15:43** Don’t forget to indent and make a separate paragraph. 別忘了縮排,並用新段落。 **00:15:50** There is a high-scoring sentence starter in my template. It’s this one: Therefore, although it has become more popular for XX, it has brought about too many problems, like YY and ZZ for this to be considered a positive trend. 我的模板中有一個高分句子開頭:因此,儘管XX越來越受歡迎,但它帶來太多問題,比如YY和ZZ,不能算是正面趨勢。 **00:15:58** Let’s use this sentence starter to write the conclusion: 我們用這個句子開頭來寫結論: **00:16:04** Therefore, although it has become more popular for governments to make cultural sites easier for tourists to reach, it has brought about too many problems, like intentional vandalism and thoughtless pollution or damage for this to be considered a positive trend. 因此,儘管政府讓文化遺址更方便旅客抵達越來越普遍,但這帶來太多問題,如故意破壞和無意的污染或破壞,不算是正面趨勢。 **00:16:12** As you can see here, I simply substitute XX with “for governments to make cultural sites easier for tourists to reach”. 如你所見,我將XX替換為“讓文化遺址更方便旅客抵達”。 **00:16:19** I use “intentional vandalism” instead of YY and “thoughtless pollution or damage” instead of ZZ. 我用“故意破壞”代替YY,用“無意污染或破壞”代替ZZ。 **00:16:26** Using templates makes it so much easier to write essays for IELTS Writing Task 2. 使用模板可以讓雅思第二部分寫作更容易。 **00:16:33** We have finished writing, but we’re not done with the essay. 我們已完成寫作,但文章還沒結束。 **00:16:40** Always use the remaining time to proofread. 一定要利用剩餘時間校對。 **00:16:47** Look for spelling and punctuation errors. 檢查拼寫和標點。 **00:16:54** Make sure you have capitalized the first letter of sentences. 確保句子開頭的字母都大寫。 **00:17:01** Also, look for words that are repeated, and try to replace them with synonyms. 也要留意重複的詞,並嘗試用同義詞替換。 **00:17:08** In addition, make sure the argument sounds logical. 此外,確認論點是否合理。 **00:17:15** Ask yourself whether you need to explain any points better, or whether you can join a few sentences for a smoother flow? 問自己是否需要更清楚地說明某些點,或是否可以合併句子讓文章更流暢。 **00:17:22** If you fix mistakes, you can really boost your band score. 修正錯誤後,分數真的能提升。 **00:17:29** That's it! That’s how to write a band 9 answer for Positive or Negative Development Questions in IELTS Writing Task 2. 就這樣!這就是如何寫出雅思第二部分正負發展題的9分範例。 **00:17:36** I hope you liked this video. 希望你喜歡這個影片。 **00:17:41** Don’t forget to like, subscribe, and click the bell icon so you’re notified when the next video comes out. 別忘了按讚、訂閱和點擊小鈴鐺,這樣就會收到新影片的通知。 **00:17:48** Also, share this video with your friends so they can improve their IELTS Writing score too. 也請分享給朋友,讓他們的雅思寫作分數也能提高。 **00:17:55** See you in the next video! 下次影片再見! **00:16:29** I hope you liked this video. 我希望你喜歡這個影片。 **00:16:36** Don’t forget to like, subscribe, and click the bell icon so you’re notified when the next video comes out. 別忘了按讚、訂閱並點擊小鈴鐺,這樣你就會收到下一個影片的通知。 **00:16:41** Also, share this video with your friends so they can improve their IELTS Writing score too. 另外,把這個影片分享給你的朋友,讓他們的雅思寫作分數也能提升。 **00:16:49** See you in the next video! 下次影片見! ---