Cytology features: very cellular smears, with "small round blue cell pattern, with rosettelike formation". The cells occur mostly as loose sheets, but also as dispersed single cells, with many mitoses and apoptotic bodies. The small tumour cells have round (or molded) nuclei with somewhat coarse granular chromatin, and inconspicuous nucleoli. The rosettelike structures lack the typical fibrillar material at their center, as seen in cases of neuroblastoma. Histology revealed an Ewing sarcoma/PNET pattern. Immunochemistry: Vimentin strongly(+), LCA (-), Synaptophysin (-), Desmin (-). This pattern strongly suggests the diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT), and excludes lymphoma or muscle derived tumor. Ewing sarcoma and its related tumors are grouped under the denomination of Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors (ESFT), due to their cyto-histological and molecular similarities: they are treated similarly by their clinical presentation (localized versus metastatic disease) rather than by their histological aspect.