Cool "Secrets" About Microsoft Excel

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You can concatenate or adjoin text in multiple columns by using the & operator or the CONCATENATE function. For Example, assume that you typed the following data in cells A1:C2:

A1: First

B1: Middle

C1: Last

A2: Tom

B2: Edward

C2: Smith

To place the full name (first, middle, and last names) in cell D2, type the following formula:

$D$2: =CONCATENATE(A2," ",B2," ",C2)

-or-

$D$2: =A1&" "&B2&" "&C2

Note A space (" ") between the cells is used to insert a space between the displayed text.

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Since Microsoft Excel version 4.0, a Set Print Area toolbar button has been available in the File category. When you click Set Print Area, you can set the print area to the current selection. After you add this button to an existing toolbar, you can click it to easily set a print area to the currently selected range.

Adding the Set Print Area Button in Microsoft Excel

To add the button in Microsoft Excel 97, follow these steps:

Point to Toolbars on the View menu, and then click Customize.

Click the Commands tab. Click File under Categories and scroll down the list of commands until you see Set Print Area.

Click to select Set Print Area, and then drag the command to an existing toolbar.

To add the button in Microsoft Excel 5.0 and 7.0, follow these steps:

Click Toolbars on the View menu.

Click Customize.

Click File in the Categories list if it is not already selected.

Click the Set Print Area button.

This is the last button on the first row.

Drag the button to an existing toolbar.

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If you create a list of items that contains duplicate items and you want to derive a unique list, use the Advanced Filter command in Microsoft Excel to derive a unique list.

Example

To see an example, follow these steps:

Type the following data in cells A1:A10 in a new workbook:

A1: Fruits

A2: Apple

A3: Cherry

A4: Pear

A5: Cherry

A6: Plum

A7: Apple

A8: Apple

A9: Pear

A10: Apple

Point to Filter on the Data menu and click Advanced Filter.

Under Action, click Copy to another Location. In the List Range box, type $A$1:$A$10. Select unique records only, type $B$1 in the Copy to box, and then click OK.

The following unique list appears in column B:

B1: Fruits

B2: Apple

B3: Cherry

B4: Pear

B5: Plum

Note that this method also works for multiple columns and that you can hide rows when you use the Advanced Filter command.

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Sometimes when you import files from other sources, numeric values may appear to be numbers but act like text values. To resolve this behavior, convert these values into numbers. One method for doing this is to multiply these text values by 1.

To convert the text values, follow these steps:

Click a blank cell in the worksheet and make sure that the cell is not formatted as text. Then type 1 in the cell.

With that cell selected, click Copy on the Edit menu.

Select the range that contains values you want to convert to numbers.

Click Paste Special on the Edit menu.

Under Operation, click Multiply, and then click OK.

This method converts the text to numbers. You can tell whether you successfully converted the text values by viewing the alignment of the number. If you use the General format and the values are aligned to the right, the values are numbers; text values are aligned to the left.

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You can also use the Text Import Wizard to convert text to numbers.

To convert the text values by using the wizard, follow these steps:

Select the range that contains values you want to convert to numbers.

On the Data menu, click Text to Columns.

Click Next twice to proceed to step 3 of the wizard.

In Column Data Format, click General, and then click Finish.

This method converts the text to numbers. You can tell whether you successfully converted the text values by viewing the alignment of the number. If you use the General format and the values are aligned to the right, the values are numbers; text values are aligned to the left.

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Assume that you create the following outline numbers in cells A1:A6:

A1: 1.1.0

A2: 1.10.0

A3: 1.2.0

A4: 1.20.0

A5: 1.21.1

A6: 1.3.0

After you sort the outline numbers, they are displayed in the same order (the order in which you typed them). However, if you want the numbers between each decimal to be sorted, use the Text Import Wizard.

For example, to sort the sample numbers, follow these steps:

Select cells A1:A6

Click Text to Columns on the Data menu.

In step 1, click Delimited, and then click Next.

In Delimiters, clear every option except Other. In the Other box, type a period. Click Next.

In step 2, type $B$1 in the Destination box so that the original outline is not overwritten. Click Finish.

The numbers appear in columns B, C, and D.

Select cells A1:D6.

On the Data menu, click Sort.

In the Sort by list, click column B.

In the Then by box, click column C.

In the Then by list, click column D. Click OK.

The sorted list appears in column A.

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Are you adding records to a list? To make this task easier, use a predefined data form. To get started, click a cell in the list and click Form on the Data menu.

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Do you want to quickly enter the current date in a cell? To do this, press CTRL+; and press ENTER. To quickly enter the current time in a cell, press CTRL+: and press ENTER.

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To see arguments in a formula, press CTRL+SHIFT+A. For example, if you type

=RATE

and press CTRL+SHIFT+A, you can see all the arguments for that function (for example, =RATE(nper,pmt,pv,fv,type,guess)). If you want more details, type the following

=RATE

and press CTRL+A to display the Function Wizard.

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Do you want to quickly enter the same text or the same formula in a range of cells? To do this, follow these steps:

Select the range of cells that you want to fill.

Type the text or formula but don't press ENTER. Instead, press CTRL+ENTER.

The data appears in the selected range.

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You can link a text box so that it displays the contents of a cell. To do this, follow these steps:

Click Text Box on the Drawing toolbar, click the worksheet and drag the pointer to create the text box.

To edit in the formula bar, click in it or press F2.

Type the link formula (for example, type =A1), and then press ENTER

The text you type in the linked cell (for example, A1) appears in the text box. You can move the text box to any worksheet in the workbook you want.

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You can copy a range of cells and paste a resulting snapshot picture on a worksheet. This is a neat way of easily seeing cell contents anywhere on the worksheet. You can use this method to print nonadjacent cells on one page. The great part is that the picture is linked and updated with both content changes and formatting changes. To make a linked picture, follow these steps:

Select the cell range.

Click Copy on the Edit menu.

Select the cell in which you want the picture to appear.

While holding down SHIFT, click Paste Picture Link on the Edit menu.

The result is a snapshot that is updated as the source cells are changed or formatted.

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If you create a long worksheet formula that is not returning the expected result, you can drag the pointer to select part of the formula in the formula bar, and then press F9. When you do this, only the selected portion of the formula is evaluated.

Important If you press ENTER, that part of your formula is lost, so be sure to press ESC instead. However, if you mistakenly press ENTER, try pressing CTRL+Z to undo the change.

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When you set the Zoom box for a worksheet to a setting that is 39 percent or less, a defined name that consists of a cell range of two or more adjacent cells appears in a rectangle on the screen. When you click Zoom on the Standard toolbar and type a value of 40 percent or greater, rectangles that identify named ranges automatically disappear. Note that this feature is not available in earlier versions of Microsoft Excel.

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Assume that you type the following names in column A:

To correctly sort the names, you must fill the names in the blank cells. To do this in the example, follow these steps:

Select cells A1:A10.

On the Edit menu, click Goto.

Click Special, click Blanks and click OK.

Type =a1 and press CTRL+ENTER.

This step enters the names in the blank cells that you selected.

Select cells A1:A10.

On the Edit menu, click Copy.

On the Edit menu, click Paste Special.

Under the Paste group, click Values and click OK.

The names are filled down the cells for you.

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You can press F4 to toggle the relative and absolute cell address for a formula. When you type a formula in the formula bar, use a cell reference in relative address form (for example, use A1). After you type the reference, press F4 and the cell reference is automatically changed to an absolute cell reference (for example, $A$1). You can also continue to press F4 to display mixed absolute and relative reference forms.

For more information about cell referencing, click the Find tab in Microsoft Excel Help, type the following text

absolute and relative

and then double-click the "The difference between relative and absolute references" topic.

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Assume that you are using the following data in cells A1:A7 and that you want to subtract the last row from the first row in the range:

A1: 1

A2: 2

A3: 3

A4: 4

A5: 5

A6:

A7: =A5-A1

Assume that you want to use a formula that will always be two rows below the last cell (with a blank cell between the formula and the last cell that contains data). Assume that when you insert a new row at the blank cell (row 6 in the following example), you want the formula to subtract the data in cell A6 (instead of the data in cell A5) from the data in cell A1.

Note that in this example, the formula (=A5-A1) fails to subtract the data in row A6 when you insert a row with data in A6.

To do this, use the OFFSET function. This function returns a reference to a range that is a specified number of rows and columns from a cell or range of cells. In the example, use the following formula:

=OFFSET(A6,-1,0)-A1

This OFFSET formula is not fixed on the row above A6 and changes as you insert new rows.

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If you create a list of data in Microsoft Excel and you want to select certain items and copy them to another sheet, use the Advanced Filter command in Excel. To start using this command, point to Filter on the Data menu, click Advanced Filter, and then follow the instructions. If you are not sure what information Excel is prompting you for, see Microsoft Excel Help.

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Assume that you create a list of data in cells A1:A10 and that you want to sum all the values that are greater than 50 and less than 200. To do this, use the following array formula:

=SUM(IF(A1:A10>=50,IF(A1:A10<=200,A1:A10,0),0))

Note Be sure to enter the formula as an array by pressing CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER. After you do this, you see curly braces {} surrounding the formula. Do not try to enter the braces manually.

The formula uses nested IF functions for each cell in the range and adds the cell data only when both test criteria are met.

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Assume that you create a list of data in cells A1:A10 and that you want to count all the values that are greater than 50 and less than 200. To do this, use the following array formula:

=SUM(IF(A1:A10>=50,IF(A1:A10<=200,1,0),0))

Note Be sure to enter the formula as an array by pressing CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER. After you do this, you see curly braces {} surrounding the formula. Do not try to enter the braces manually.

The formula uses nested IF functions for each cell in the range and adds one to the total only when both criteria tests are met.

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Assume that you create the following table of information in cells A1:C5 and that this table contains age information in cells C1:C5:

Assume that you want to look up the age of a person by using the person's name. To do this, use a combination of the INDEX and MATCH functions as in the following sample formula:

=INDEX($A$1:$C$5, MATCH("Mary",$A$1:$A$5,),3)

This sample formula uses cells A1:C5 as the table and looks up Mary's age in the third column. The formula returns 22.

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By dragging the fill handle of a cell, you can copy the contents of that cell to other cells in the same row or column. If the cell contains a number, date, or time period that Microsoft Excel can project in a series, the values are increment ed instead of copied. For example, if the cell contains "January," you can quickly fill in other cells in a row or column with "February," "March," and so on. You can also create a custom fill series for frequently used text entries, such as your company's sales regions.

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You can double-click the fill handle of a selected cell to fill the contents of the cell down a column for the same number of rows as the adjacent column. For example, if you type data in cells A1:A20, type a formula or text in cell B1, press ENTER, and then double-click the fill handle, Microsoft Excel fills the data down the column from cell B1 to cell B20.

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In versions of Microsoft Excel earlier than version 5.0, you must sort data in ascending order for the VLOOKUP function to work correctly. In Excel 5.0 and later, VLOOKUP does work when you use it with unsorted data. However, you must add an additional argument to the formula. This argument, which is the fourth argument (Range_Lookup), is assumed to be TRUE if you do not specify a value. This behavior makes the function compatible with earlier versions of Excel.

To make VLOOKUP work correctly with unsorted data, change the Range_Lookup argument to FALSE. The following is a sample function that looks up the age of Stan in the data table you created for Secret #21:

=VLOOKUP("Stan",$A$2:$C$5,3,FALSE)

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Assume that you create the following data table in cells A1:A12 and that you want to obtain every third number in a column and place the numbers in an adjacent column:

To do this, use the ROW function with the OFFSET function, for example, use the following sample formula:

=OFFSET($A$1,ROW()*3-1,0)

This formula is dependent on the row of the cell in which it is entered. In the formula, the ROW function returns the row number of the cell in which the formula is entered. This number is multiplied by 3. The OFFSET function moves the active cell down from cell A1 the specified number of rows and returns every third number.

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Assume that you enter the following formulas in cells A1:A3 in a worksheet:

A1: =1.23/2

A2: =1.21/2

A3: =SUM(A1:A2)

Assume that you are working with money and that the results of the calculations are formatted for currency. The values that are returned are the following:

A1: $0.62

A2: $0.61

A3: $1.22

As you can see, the total in cell A3 is incorrect. The problem is that even though the number format (money) rounds the displayed values, the underlying values were not rounded to the nearest penny. We can resolve this behavior by using the ROUND function. For example, change the formulas to the following:

A1: =ROUND(1.23/2,2)

A2: =ROUND(1.21/2,2)

A3: =ROUND(SUM(A1:A2),2)

The second argument of the ROUND function tells Microsoft Excel which digit to round. In this case 2 tells Microsoft Excel to round to the nearest hundredth.

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Microsoft Excel Help allows you to search for information about a specific usage topic, browse through a list of topics, or search for specific words and phrases instead of topics. You can also use context-sensitive Help (press F1) to view information that pertains to the task at hand.

The Help files must be installed in order for you to access them. If Help is not installed, run the Setup program again and click Add/Remove to install the files.

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When you open a workbook, Microsoft Excel creates temporary files in the folder in which you save the file and in the folder from which you opened the workbook. These temporary files are deleted when you close the file. Also, Microsoft Excel creates a copy of the file on the media when you save the file. This behavior may be problematic if you open a workbook from a floppy disk or if the floppy disk does not have enough free space to accommodate the file.

For these reasons, it is a good idea to copy the file to your hard disk before you work with it. After you make modifications, save the file to the hard disk, and then copy it back to the floppy disk.

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To quickly create a chart, select the chart data, and then press F11. To create a new worksheet, press SHIFT+F11.

You can set up multiple print areas on the same worksheet without using a macro. To do this, use the Custom Views and Print Report commands. Essentially, you define views of the worksheet, and then define a report with the views of your choice. For more information, see Microsoft Excel Help or see the following Knowledge Base article: