The Standard Nordic (Younger) Futhork
(Ancient
Runes)
The
table below shows the ancient runic system known as the Standard Nordic, or
Younger, Fuþork. Although various forms of the staves form this row and the
individual runes are known by different names in different countries the
interpretations of them have remained consistent. The table displays the name
of the stave as it appears in the German text known as the Abecedarium
Nordmanicum, the translation of the stave name, the phonetic value as it
has come down to us in modern times, the numerical value, the exoteric meaning,
and the esoteric meaning. In parenthesis next to the numerical value the
Swedish names for the staves (as presented by Johan Bure) are also provided.
Note: the ordering of the staves as presented here is the standard. However
Bure reversed the L- and M-staves in his works, the reason for which has been
lost.
|
Feu |
Fee |
F; V |
|
1 (Fräy) |
Familial responsibility; Wealth;
Success; Fertility; Harvest; Livestock |
Flood of fire; Rebirth; Seeding;
Abundance |
|
|
|
|
|
Ur |
Drizzle/mist (?) |
U; W |
|
2 (Ur) |
Primal forces; Natural forces;
Blamelessness; Aurochs (prehistoric oxen); storms |
A strong, silent hero who keeps his own
rât; Origin and expansion; Ôdhumbal |
|
|
|
|
|
Thuris |
Giant |
Þ; Ð |
|
3 (Thors) |
Thunder; War; Directed power;
Goblin/monster; Cursing via lack of balance |
Freedom; Daring/courage; Borders |
|
|
|
|
|
Os |
God/Estuary/Mouth |
O |
|
4 (Odhes) |
Kingship; a teacher or mentor; Communication;
Personal responsibility |
Urlac; Fate; Commitment; Wisdom;
Greater purpose; |
|
|
|
|
|
Rät |
Wheel/Riding |
R |
|
5 (Rydhur) |
A Road or journey; Improvement;
Awareness; Independence; Relief |
Cycles of nature; Order;
Advise/council; A rudder; Dominion & Justice (Right) |
|
|
|
|
|
Chaon |
Canker/Ulcer |
K; CH; G |
|
6 (Kön) |
Malignancy; Illness;
Deceit/Manipulation; Changes, usu.. of a drastic or of a sudden nature;
imbalance; warmth/comfort for a worker |
Sex; Kin; Ability; Royalty; a state of
being ‘burnt out’; cutting away of the old; a changed in the accepted order
or state of things |
|
|
|
|
|
Hagal |
Hail |
H |
|
7 (Haghall) |
Hailstones; Ensiweg; social
order/evolution; Fate; balance/completeness; Acceptance |
The
seed from which all things come (stave compose of 3 axis: vertical, horizontal,
forward/backward; the irminsûl; all stave can be formed from Hagal |
|
|
|
|
|
Naût |
Need |
N |
|
8 (Nädh) |
Need/crisis; Compulsion;
Change/Adaptation; Invention; Testing |
Be more than you already are;
cognisance of the turnings of Urlac and/or the Wurtâ; Grace/gift |
|
|
|
|
|
Is |
Ice |
I; E |
|
9 (Idher) |
Winter; Ice; the Hunt; a need to be
led; learn to look as well as just seeing; Explanations; Stasis;
Firmness/solidity, although usu. accompanied by some sort of danger |
Pursuits (creates a highway but can
break); Repentance; Rime (ancient ice with multiple layers); Nebulheim |
|
|
|
|
|
Ar |
Year |
A |
|
1 (Åru) |
Harvest (land or sea); Plenty; need to
cultivate if reward is to be had; Success/failure based on effort; Marriage
or other contract |
Counterpoint of Naût; Honour/glory;
Wanenheim |
|
|
|
|
|
Sol |
Sun |
S;Z |
|
2 (Sun) |
The sun; Hope; Life; Victory, esp in
1:1 conflict |
Making amends; Forgiveness;
Muspilliheim |
|
|
|
|
|
Tîu |
Ziu (?) |
T; D |
|
3 (Tydher) |
War; Justice; Courage (stupidity?);
What you see is what you get; Fighting for what is right; Self-sacrifice; Common
good |
Limits options; principle is lost;
honour must be maintained; Victory (in court, for organizations, &c.);
Ensigart; Holidays & ceremonies; sword of justice (cf. Ÿr); Vengeance |
|
|
|
|
|
Birca |
Birch |
B; P |
|
4 (Byrghal) |
Luck of deceit; Witchery; Joy of Springtime;
Hospitality; Health/Healing; Homemaker; Maternal efforts; Nursing/medicine |
Medieval lord over farmsteads; Patrons;
Alpâheim; Protection/saftey |
|
|
|
|
|
Man |
Man (human being) |
M |
|
5 (Man) |
Mankind/humanity; Lust; Life; fertile
soil |
Mittigart/Mannaheim; Silence;
Contemplation |
|
|
|
|
|
Lago |
Water |
L |
|
6 (Lagher) |
Washing; Waterfalls; the coast; A need
to do something in order to gain wealth; Intuition; Imagination; Flexibility;
Sympathy/empathy; Education; taking “easy way out”; Timidness;
Treachery/betrayal |
Lays; Law; Cleansing; to arrange;
intercourse (usu. sexual); conjugal union |
|
|
|
|
|
Ÿr |
Yew |
Y; J (was –R in Old Norse) |
|
7 (Stupmadher) |
A Bow; an evergreen; death; hot
tempered; enthusiasm—but often too much of it; sights on visible target; lack
of obstructions; Danger ahead; Confusion/Deceit |
Masculine energies; scales of justice
(cf. Tîu)—justice by nature or by due process; Resurrection |
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