Top Canopy:

Adina cordifolia (Manja Kadambu) Albizzia procera (Jalavaka, Vellavaka) Alstonia scholaris x(Ezhilampala, Erilampala, Shaitan wood) Bombax ceiba or Salmalia malabarica (Poola, Mullilavu), Toona ciliata (Mathagirivembu chandana vembu, Toona), Dalbergia latifolia (Veeti, Eeti, Kariveeti), Grewia tiliaefolia (Unnam, chadachi, Dhaman), Holoptelea integrifolia (Aaval, Indian Elvu), Lagerstroemia species, Lannea coromandelica (Uthi, Kalash, Karayam), Pterocarpus marsupium (Venga, Bijasal), Schleichera oleosa or Schleichera trijuga (Dhoothalam, Poovanam, Kusum), Radermachera xylocarpa (vedinkorana, pannimuringa), Tectona grandis (Thekku, Teak) Terminalia crenulata (Thembavu, Karimaruthu, Matthi, Kuramaruthu), Terminalia paniculata (Maruthu, pullamaruthu, Kindal), Terminalia bellerica (Thaanni, Bellericmyrobalan), Xylia xylocarpa (Vedathala, Irul, Irumullu, Kadamaram, Pynkado), etc.

Lower Canopy:

Bauhinia malabarica (Arampuli), Bridelia crenulata or Bridelia retusa (Mulluvenga, Mulkaini, kasi), Careya arborea (Pezhu), Cassia fistula (Kanikkonna), Dillenia pentagyna (Kodapunna, Vazhapunna, Malampunna), Erythrina stricta (Mullumurukku, Venmurukku), Evodia roxburghiana (Kambili, Nasakam), Sterculia villosa (vakka, Elephant rope tree), Strychnos nux-vomica (Kanjiram) Sterculia urens (Annavazhukki), Gmelina arborea (Kumbil), Macaranga peltata (Vatta), etc.

Under Growth:

Bamboo-Bambusa arundinacea (Venumulla, Illi, Kampa), Callicarpa lanata (Thin perivelum), Clerodendron infortunatum (Vattaperivelom), Flueggia microcarpa (Perinklavu), Glycosmis pentaphylla (Panal), Helicteres isora (Ishvaramulla, Isoramurri, Isvaramuri), Hibiscus mutabilis (Cinapparutti), Hibiscus hirtus (Sjamin), Hibiscus tiliaceous (Attuparatthi), Hibiscus furcatus (Kalapoo, Uppanachakam), Holarrhena antidysenterica (kottagapala, Cadagupala), Lantana camera (Arippu Puchedi), Randia domentorum (Kasei), Randia uliginosa (Karei), Urena lobata, Ardisia zeylanica, etc.

Climbers:

Acacia intsia (Atu, Attucino, Attushini), Acacia pinnata (Kattucinikka), Bauhinia vahlii, Caesalpinia bonducella (Carretti), Calycopteris floribunda (Pullani), Spatholobus roxburghii (athambu, Attampu) etc.

Bamboo:

Bambusa arundinacea is growing profusely in these areas as well as in semi evergreen forests. Gregarious growth is found along streams, reservoir banks and around vayals providing sufficient fodder and cover to wildlife. During 1983-84, this bamboo had flowered gregariously. The natural regeneration of bamboo is found satisfactory.

A regeneration survey of tree species was carried out during the completion of first working plan for Nemmara (1969-70 to 1983-84). The survey revealed that regeneration up to seedling stage was 68.3% up to sapling stage 19.6% and up to poles stage 12:1% per hectare. This shows that germination percentage is good but it dwindles when seedlings grow to pole stage. Continuous biotic disturbances can be one of the reasons for this declining trend.