Chapter 9-The Early Middle Ages (Sections 1-4 pages 200-219) World History Sanchez Name _____________________________________ By the end of the 400's the Roman Empire had been broken into many small Germanic kingdoms. Germanic leaders and customs replaced Roman government and law. Monasteries stood out as centers of orderly life and learning. The Franks had the largest Germanic kingdom. The greatest Frankish ruler was Charlemagne. After his death barbarians again overran his kingdom. The Vikings raided much of Europe from 800 to 1000. The Vikings also explored and settled in many areas. The new form of local protection and government that arises during this time is feudalism. Under the feudal system the vassal pledged loyalty to a lord and the lord in return gave the vassal land. Peasants then would work the land while the lords and vassals trained to fight in wars. Section 1-New ways of life developed in Europe Who were some of the groups that controlled Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire? Why did the population of western Europe become more rural? By 600 who were the only literate people in Europe? By the 800's what new languages had evolved from Latin? Who were the Germanic people loyal to? What were the Germanic peoples attitudes toward kings or emperors? What organization stayed strong through the middle ages? Who was Patrick of Ireland and what did he accomplish? What prompted Clovis to convert to Christianity? What was the role of a bishop? What were monasteries and why did they begin to grow in Europe? What was the threefold rule of monks and nuns? How did Benedict set a pattern for monastic life? What were some of Benedicts rules? Who was Scholastica and what did she establish? What were the benefits of the monasteries in the 600's and 700's? How did Gregory I increase the power of the popes? How did Gregory contribute to the spread of the church? What was Christendom? Section 2-Charlemagne revived the idea of empire Who were the Merovingian dynasty and what was their other nickname? Who was the most powerful person in the Merovingian kingdom after 700? Who was the major domo? Who was Charles Martel and how did he benefit the Franks? Who took over the position of major domo after Charles Martel died? How did Pepin the Short become king of the Franks? Why did Pepin and the pope form an alliance with each other? What change did this alliance make in the power of the kings? Who became king when Pepin the short died? What was significant about the reign of Charles the Great? What were the descendants of Charlemagne called? What were some of the military victories of Charlemagne? What story is told in the Song of Roland? How large was Charlemagne's kingdom by 800? Who ruled the counties of the Frankish kingdom? What was the job of the counts? Who were the missi dominici and what was their purpose? How did Charlemagne revive learning? Who was Alcuin of York? What was the Carolingian miniscule? Who crowned Charlemagne emperor and why? What were the two long-term consequences of crowning Charlemagne emperor? 1. 2. Who became king when Charlemagne died? What kind of ruler was Louis the Pious? Who succeeded Louis the Pious? What was the purpose of the Treaty of Verdun? What became of the three sons kingdoms over time? Chapter 9-The Early Middle Ages (Sections 1-4 pages 200-219) World History Sanchez Name _____________________________________ By the end of the 400's the Roman Empire had been broken into many small Germanic kingdoms. Germanic leaders and customs replaced Roman government and law. Monasteries stood out as centers of orderly life and learning. The Franks had the largest Germanic kingdom. The greatest Frankish ruler was Charlemagne. After his death barbarians again overran his kingdom. The Vikings raided much of Europe from 800 to 1000. The Vikings also explored and settled in many areas. The new form of local protection and government that arises during this time is feudalism. Under the feudal system the vassal pledged loyalty to a lord and the lord in return gave the vassal land. Peasants then would work the land while the lords and vassals trained to fight in wars. Section 3-Vikings terrorized Europe How long did the Viking reign of terror last? What were the different names for the Vikings? Where were the Vikings from? What was unique about the Viking ships? What area was settled by Eric the Red? Where did Eric's son Leif settle? What king finally halted the advance of the Vikings? What year did the Viking raids stop? What are the three reasons the Viking's raids stopped? 1. 2. 3. Section 4-Feudalism became the basis for government What peace was made between Rollo and Charles the Simple? What land did Rollo give to Charles? What was feudalism? What was investiture? How did the vassal obtain a private army? What were the advantages of the feudal system for defense? What did knights often do to acquire more land? How many days of service a year could a vassal ask of a knight? What did knights devote their life to? What was a woman's role in a feudal system? What wee the peacetime duties of vassals? What were the three occasions on which the lord could call for aid? 1. 2. 3. Who were the peasants? What was the basic economic unit of the feudal system? What was produced on the manor? What were serfs? How were free peasants different from serfs? What were the duties owed to the lord by the peasants? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What did the peasant owe to the church? Who were the two skilled workers in the manor village? What were some of the items produced on the manor? What were some problems faced by the peasants? ?? ?? ?? ?? 4