Chapter 27: World War I (Sections 1-4: Pages 620-637) World History Sanchez Name _____________________________________ Chapter 27: World War I Section 1—Conflicts divided Europe Why did the assassination of Franz Ferdinand start a world war? How did Bismarck’s policies change after 1871? Why did Bismarck view France as a threat? Who made up the Triple Alliance? Who fired Bismarck as chancellor and why? Why did the Germans and British dislike each other? What is an entente and how is it different from an alliance? Who made up the Triple Entente? What area was known as the powder keg of Europe? What did Russia hope to gain by encouraging Slavic independence? What actions almost prompted war between Russia and Austria in 1908? Why did most countries maintain large standing armies in 1913? What is militarism? Section 2: Europe plunged into war. What ultimatum was issued to Serbia on July 23, 1914? What was Serbia’s reaction? Why did Austria declare war on Serbia? Who did Serbia have as an ally? What difficulties were faced by Russia in preparation for war? Why did Germany declare war on Russia? Who was the first to get France involved in the war? What was involved in the Schlieffen plan? What was Belgium’s policy regarding the war? What was the position of Turkey during the war? What was the position of Italy during the war? What is élan? How was Germany able to advance on Paris? What took place at the Marne? Why is the Battle of the Marne important? Section 3: The war dragged on four years What was “no man’s land”? Why was the development of the machine gun significant to the course of battle? What were the disadvantages of using poison gas? Why was the invention of the tank significant? What were the problems with the early tanks? What were the first uses of the airplane in the war? What other inventions were introduced in the air? What was the significance of the unterseeboot? How was World War I a total war? How were civilians involved in the war effort? What were the jobs of women during the war? How was government involved in the war effort? What was the purpose of propaganda during the war? What were some of the problems faced by men on the front? What took place at Verdun? What took place at the Battle of the Somme? What was gained in the battles of Verdun and the Somme? How was the war on the Eastern Front different than the war on the Western Front? What was the significance of the Russian defeat at Tannenburg? What was the third front in the war? What took place at Gallipoli? What was significant about the Italian front? What fighting was notable in Asia and Africa? What took place in March of 1917? What were some of the reasons the czar was overthrown in Russia? What did Germany announce in January of 1917? What happened in relation to the Lusitania? Why did unrestricted submarine warfare anger the U.S? What was contained in the Zimmerman telegraph? What was the purpose of the convoy system? Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks in Russia? What was contained in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk? How did the withdrawal of Russia from the war change the war? What took place at the Second battle of the Marne? How were the Americans used in the war in France? What took place at Amiens? When did Kaiser William finally abdicate? When was the armistice put into effect? What were some of the costs of the war? Who was the Lost Generation? Section 4: Peace stood on shaky foundations What was Wilson’s plan for peace called? What were the first five points of Wilson’s plan? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5 What was self-determination? What was contained in the fourteenth point? What was the organization called that was formed as a result of the fourteenth point? What problems arose at the peace conference? Who made up the Big Three? 1. 2. 3. What were some of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles? 1. 2. 3. 4. What are reparations? What happened to the Ottoman Turkish empire as a result of the war? What happened to Austria Hungary/ What happened to Bulgaria? What took place in Russia? Why did the U. S. reject the Treaty of Versailles?