Chapter 20-Enlightenment in Europe, Revolution in America (Sections 1-5 pages 460-479) World History Sanchez Name _____________________________________ Section 1-European thinkers expressed new ideas. What was the Enlightenment? What ideas were brought together in the Enlightenment? Whose teachings did Newton build upon? What were Newton's great achievements? Who were the philosophes? What were the five ideas of the philosophes? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What did Voltaire write about? What was Voltaire's most well known work? What were salons? Who was the most influential salon hostess of the time period? What did Denis Diderot accomplish? What did Joseph Priestly discover? What did Antoine Lavoisier accomplish? What did Benjamin Franklin try to prove with his experiments? What did Captain James Cook hope to accomplish with his explorations? What is baroque music? What are the fugue and the counterpoint? Who were some of the greatest baroque composers? How was classical music different than baroque music? Who were some famous classical musicians? Section 2-Writers advocated liberty and reason Who were the physiocrats? What is free trade? What is laissez faire? What were the three laws that Adam Smith taught? 1. 2. 3. What is a market economy? What were the ideas of the Baron de Montesquieu? What was separation of powers according to Montesquieu? What were some of the ideas in Montesquieu's On the Spirit of Laws? 1. 2. 3. What did Jean Jacques Rousseau discuss in The Social Contract? What did both Locke and Rousseau feel was the only legitimate government? Chapter 20-Enlightenment in Europe, Revolution in America (Sections 1-5 pages 460-479) World History Sanchez Name _____________________________________ Section 3-Enlightened despots sought progress What was enlightened despotism? Who were the two foremost enlightened despots in the 1700's? What man did Frederick the Great discuss philosophy with? How was Frederick not an enlightened ruler? How did Catherine come to rule in Russia? What things did Catherine do to try and improve government in Russia? How was Catherine not an enlightened ruler? What was the First Partition of Poland? Section 4-Britain developed new forms of leadership What is a constitutional monarchy? What was the purpose of the cabinet? Who was the last Stuart ruler and what family took the throne after the Stuarts? Who is the prime minister? How much did the population of Britain grow between 1700 and 1766? What was the purpose of the Navigation Acts of 1660 and 1663? Why were the Americans upset over the passage of the Stamp Act? Section 5-Americans created a republic Whose ideas was the declaration of independence based on? Who was the prime author of the Declaration of Independence? What were some of the events between 1765 and 1776 that made the Americans want independence from Britain? 1. 2. 3. What fraction of Americans supported the revolution? What are the reasons the Americans won the revolution? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Why was French entry into the war important? What was the first U.S. constitution called? What were the problems with the Articles of confederation? What event finally caused the U.S. to draw up a new constitution? What were two of the compromises that had to be reached to draw up the constitution? 1. 2. What is a federal system of government? Why was a Bill of Rights added to the constitution? ?? ?? ?? ?? 5