The Americans
Chapter 8 Outline
Sanchez

Reforming American Society

I.	Religion Sparks Reform
a.	The Second Great Awakening
i.	What was the Second Great Awakening?
ii.	What was the purpose of the revivals?
iii.	Where were the most intense revivals held?
iv.	Who were major leaders of the Second Great Awakening?
v.	How did Unitarianism contrast with Revivalism?
vi.	What role did the African-American church play?
vii.	What were the new African-American churches and why did the 
membership grow rapidly?
b.	Transcendentalism
i.	How did Emerson come across the ideas of transcendentalism?
ii.	What did transcendentalism emphasize?
iii.	Who put the ideas of self-reliance into practice and how so?
c.	School and Prison Reform
i.	Describe schools before 1850 in America.
ii.	What were the concerns related to the first state supported public schools?
iii.	What role did Horace Mann play in education reform?
iv.	What did Dorothea Dix accomplish for people in asylums?
v.	What types of reform were established for prisons?
d.	Americans form Utopian Communities
i.	What were Utopian communities?
ii.	What were the best-known Utopian communities?
II.	Slavery and Abolition
a.	Abolitionists Speak Out
i.	What was the purpose of the American Colonization Society?
ii.	What were some of the problems with the beliefs of the ACS and other 
similar organizations?
iii.	Who was William Lloyd Garrison and what was his position in relation to 
Slavery?
iv.	What did David Walker publish and what was its significance?
v.	What were the conditions faced by free-blacks in the North and the South?
vi.	Who was Frederick Douglass?
b.	Life Under Slavery
i.	How had the institution of slavery changed by the 1800's?
ii.	What was life like for the slave living in rural areas?
iii.	What was life like for the slave living in urban areas?
iv.	What did Nat Turner do and why were his actions important?
c.	Slave Owners Oppose Abolition
i.	What took place at the Virginia Debate?
ii.	What made many slave owners increase the regulation on slavery?
iii.	What were some examples of Slave Codes?
iv.	What were some of the arguments in favor or slavery?
v.	Why did Congress pass a gag rule and what was its purpose?
III.	Women and Reform
a.	Women's Roles in the Mid-1800's
i.	What was the "Cult of Domesticity"?
ii.	What were the rights of women in the early to mid 1800's?
b.	Women Mobilize for Reform
i.	What did Angelina and Sarah Grimke accomplish?
ii.	What prompted many to join the women's rights movement?
iii.	What was the purpose of the temperance movement?
iv.	Who was Lyman Beecher?
v.	What did Emma Willard establish?
vi.	Who was Mary Lyon and what did she establish?
vii.	Who was Elizabeth Blackwell?
c.	Women's Rights Movement Emerges
i.	What did Margaret Fuller publish?
ii.	What took place at the Seneca Falls Convention and what was published?
iii.	Who was Sojourner Truth?
IV.	The Changing Workplace
a.	Industry Changes Work
i.	What was the putting-out system?
ii.	What was significant about the Lowell mills?
iii.	How did the growth of the factory change America?
b.	Farm Girl to Factory Worker
i.	What were the conditions like at Lowell?
ii.	How did conditions at Lowell change over time?
iii.	Why did Lowell workers organize?
c.	Workers Seek Better Conditions
i.	How did immigration to America change in the 1850's?
ii.	What problems did Irish immigrants face?
iii.	What was one of the earliest trade unions?
iv.	What did the unions hope to accomplish?