The Americans Chapter 16 Outline Sanchez Life at the Turn of the Century I. Science and Urban Life a. Technology and City Life i. What enabled the construction of skyscrapers? ii. What solution did the skyscraper provide? iii. What changes took place in transportation? iv. What was the importance of the Brooklyn Bridge? v. What was the purpose of city planners and who was a notable example? b. New Technologies Transform Communications i. What did Wilbur and Orville Wright accomplish? ii. How did the government use the Wright's discovery? iii. What changes took place in printing? iv. How was photography revolutionized? II. Education and Culture a. Expanding Public Education i. What were typical statistics for education in the country? ii. What laws were passed to have more children educated? iii. What were the differences between whites and blacks achieving an education? iv. What was the focus of high school education at the turn of the century? v. How was enrollment in African-American schools? b. Education for Immigrants i. What were some of the problems immigrants had with sending their children to free public schools? ii. What were adults expected to attain from an American education? c. Expanding Higher Education i. What was the percentage of students with a higher education? ii. How did the focus of university learning change during the period? iii. Why did many capitalist establish research universities? iv. What were some noticeable African-American colleges established at the turn of the century? v. What percentage of African-Americans attending college? vi. What were the beliefs and goals of W.E.B. DuBois? vii. What were the beliefs and goals of Booker T. Washington? d. Education Influences Culture i. What was the realist movement? ii. What was the Ashcan school? iii. What other artistic movement begins in Europe? iv. What was the importance of writers like Mark Twain? v. What were "dime novels"? III. Segregation and Discrimination a. African Americans Fight Legal Discrimination i. What kinds of policies were adopted in the south to keep African- Americans from voting? ii. What was the Supreme Court argument in United States v. Reese? iii. What was the purpose of Jim Crow laws and how did they get their name? iv. What was the Supreme Court ruling in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson? b. Turn-of-the-Century Race Relations i. What were some examples of racial etiquette at the turn of the century? ii. How did the goals of Booker T. Washington hope to appease white Americans? iii. What were the statistics in relation to lynching in the U.S. in the late 1800's? iv. When were African-Americans in danger of lynching? v. What did Ida B. Wells do to try to eliminate lynching? vi. What racial conditions existed in the North and why were tensions high? c. Discrimination in the West i. What conditions did Mexicans and Chinese face in America? ii. What was contained in the Chinese Exclusion Act? IV. Dawn of Mass Culture a. American Leisure i. What are ways Americans amused their selves at the turn of the century? b. Going to the Show i. What was Vaudeville? ii. What effect did P.T. Barnum have on entertainment? iii. What were minstrel shows? iv. What kind of music was ragtime? v. What were the first movies? vi. Who were some of the first movie stars? c. Mass Circulation Newspapers i. What role did Pulitzer and Hearst play in the development of newspapers at the turn of the century? d. New Ways to Sell Goods i. What changes took place in shopping? ii. What were some popular mail-order catalogs? iii. What was the RFD system?