The Americans
Chapter 14 Outline
Sanchez

The Industrial Age

I.	The Expansion of Industry
a.	Natural Resources Fuel Industrialization
i.	What invention did Edwin Drake introduce and how did it create an oil 
boom?
ii.	What was the significance of the Bessemer process?
iii.	What new uses were developed for steel during the period?
b.	Inventions Promote Change
i.	What type of electricity did Edison introduce?
ii.	How was Westinghouse's electricity different?
iii.	What inventions did Sholes and Bell introduce?
iv.	How did the new inventions change lifestyles in the late 1800's?
II.	The Age of the Railroads
a.	Railroads Span Time and Space
i.	Where and when did the first transcontinental railroad meet?
ii.	Who built the railroad and what was their life like?
iii.	Why was standardized time introduced?
b.	Opportunities and Opportunists
i.	How did the railroad promote trade?
ii.	What was the significance of the Pullman strike?
iii.	What took place in the Credit Mobilier Scandal?
c.	The Grange and the Railroads
i.	What activities of the railroads caused anger among the farmers?
ii.	What was the significance of Munn v. Illinois?
iii.	What did the Interstate Commerce Act accomplish?
III.	Big Business Emerges
a.	Carnegie's Innovations
i.	What management techniques did Carnegie introduce?
ii.	What are vertical integration and horizontal consolidation?
b.	Social Darwinism and Business
i.	What was the principle of Social Darwinism?
ii.	Where did these theories originate?
iii.	What was the affect of Horatio Alger on the American psyche?
c.	Fewer Control More
i.	What were monopolies and holding companies?
ii.	What company is John D. Rockefeller associated with?
iii.	What was a trust?
iv.	Why were the wealthy men known as "robber barons"?
v.	What was Carnegie's "gospel of wealth" and how did he apply it?
vi.	What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act?
d.	Business Boom Bypasses the South
i.	What were the economic and social reasons that the business boom did not 
enter the south?
IV.	Workers of the Nation Unite
a.	Workers are Exploited
i.	What was life like for the average worker in the late 1800's?
ii.	How did the conditions of women and children differ from those of men 
during the period?
b.	Labor Unions Emerge
i.	When and who originated the National Labor Union?
ii.	What were the goals of the National Labor Union?
iii.	How did the Knights of Labor differ from the NLU?
iv.	What were the goals of the Knights of Labor?
c.	Union Movements Diverge
i.	How was the AFL a different union?
ii.	Who founded the AFL?
iii.	What was the strength of collective bargaining?
iv.	What did Eugene V. Debs attempt to accomplish for workers?
v.	What concept was the Industrial Workers of the World based on?
vi.	What was socialism and how did the ideas originate?
d.	Strikes Turn Violent
i.	What occurred in the Great Strike of 1877?
ii.	What occurred during the Haymarket Affair?
iii.	What took place during the Homestead Strike?
iv.	What took place during the Pullman Strike?
e.	Women in the Labor Movement
i.	Who were some of the female leaders of the labor movements?
ii.	What happened at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory and what was the 
ultimate result in American legislation?
f.	Government Pressure on Unions
i.	How did government treat the unions?