A.P. U.S. History Mrs. Sanchez Chapter 36—The Great Depression and the New Deal Chapter 36 Due by Thursday, March 7, 2001 I. FDR: A Politician in a Wheelchair a. Why did Americans turn against Hoover in the election of 1932? b. What was the effect of infantile paralysis on the character of FDR? c. What were the contributions of Eleanor Roosevelt to FDR's campaign and presidency? II. Presidential Hopefuls of 1932 a. Who was the Brain Trust? b. What was the theme song of FDR's campaign? III. The Humiliation of Hoover in 1932 a. What was the effect of the black vote in the 1932 election? IV. FDR and the three R's: Relief, Recovery, Reform a. What were the first actions that Roosevelt took once taking office? b. What were the Hundred Days and why were they significant? c. What were the three goals of FDR's New Deal and what did each mean? d. Why did Congress agree to so much of Roosevelt's legislation? V. Roosevelt Tackles Money and Banking a. What was the purpose of the Emergency Banking Act of 1933? b. What were the "fireside chats" and why were they significant? c. What was the purpose of the Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act? d. What did Roosevelt do to prevent gold hording? e. What was the goal of "managed currency"? VI. Creating Jobs for the Jobless a. What was the purpose of pump priming towards helping the economy? b. What was the purpose of the following: i. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) ii. Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA) iii. Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) iv. Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) v. Civil Works Administration (CWA) c. Who was Father Charles Coughlin and how did he oppose the New Deal? d. Who was Senator Huey P. Long and what programs did he propose? e. How about Dr. Francis E. Townsend? f. What was the purpose of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) and what was the full scope of its activities? VII. A Helping Hand for Industry and Labor a. What was the purpose of the National Recovery Administration (NRA)? b. How did business and labor work within the NRA? c. What were the codes of fair competition? d. Who were the chislers and why did they not support the NRA? e. What was the ruling in the Schechter decision? f. What was the Public Works Administration (PWA)? g. What was the benefit to the economy of the repeal of prohibition? VIII. Paying Farmers Not to Farm a. What did the AAA try to do to stop farm overproduction? b. What was parity? c. Why was the AAA disliked by so many? d. What was the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act of 1936? e. How did the second AAA differ from the first? IX. Dust Bowls and Black Blizzards a. What was the cause of the Dust Bowl? b. What efforts were made to relieve the plight of the Dust Bowlers and what was their relative success? c. What was the plight of Native Americans during the period? X. Battling Bankers and Big Business a. What was the purpose of the Federal Securities Act? b. What was the purpose of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)? c. What was the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935? XI. The TVA Harnesses the Tennessee River a. What was the purpose of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) both in the short and long term? b. What were the criticism and benefits of the TVA? XII. Housing Reform and Social Security a. What was the purpose of the following: i. Federal Housing Administration (FHA) ii. United States Housing Authority (USHA) iii. Social Security Act b. What were the criticisms of Social Security? XIII. A New Deal for Unskilled Labor a. Discuss the details of the Wagner Act and why was it passed? b. How did the NLB help in the organization of labor? c. What was the purpose of the Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO)? XIV. Roosevelts Coddling of Labor a. What was contained in the Wages and Hours Bill of 1938? XV. Landon Challenges "the Champ" in 1936 a. Who was Alfred Landon and why was he the candidate of choice for the GOP in 1936? b. Who was the American Liberty League? c. Importance of the 1936 election? XVI. Nine Old Men on the Supreme Bench a. What was contained in the 20th Amendment? b. What was the problem with the Supreme Court in FDR's mind? c. What was FDR's scheme? XVII. The Court Changes Course a. What was the public and congressional reaction to the court-packing scheme? b. Where did the saying "a switch in time saves nine" originate? c. What was the result of Roberts switch? d. How was the court-packing scheme detrimental to FDR? XVIII. The Twilight of the New Deal a. In what ways was Roosevelt's first term not successful?' b. Why was there a recession in 1937? c. Who was John Maynard Keynes and what was the importance and gist of his theories? d. What was contained in the Hatch Act of 1939? XIX. New Deal or Raw Deal? a. What were some criticisms of the New Deal? b. Why was it said that the New Deal was only administering aspirin, sedatives, and Band-Aids? XX. FDR's Balance Sheet a. What were the arguments of FDR's supporters?