A.P. U.S. History Mrs. Sanchez Chapter 25-Industry Comes of Age Chapter 25 Due by Friday, January 12, 2001 I. The Iron Colt becomes an Iron Horse a. Describe the situation in the US regarding railroads at the end of the Civil War? b. Why did the government need to subsidize the construction of the railroads? c. What were the methods used to subsidize the railroad construction and what were the benefits and faults of such a system? II. Spanning the Continent with Rails a. How was the transcontinental railroad funded? b. Describe life for the men constructing the railroads. c. What was the importance of the completion of the transcontinental railroad? III. Binding the Country with Railroad Ties a. What other significant railroads were constructed in the period of railroad building? b. What did James J. Hill do to encourage the growth of the railroad? IV. Railroad Consolidation and Mechanization a. What role did Cornelius Vanderbilt play in the growth of railroads? b. What were some of the new improvements found in the growth of the railroads and how were they significant? V. Revolution by Railways a. In what ways did the railroad change American life (at least 8 ways)? VI. Wrongdoing in Railroading a. What was "stock-watering" as used by railroad promoters? b. What was the attitude of the tycoons regarding their power? c. What were other ways that the railroad tycoons abused their power? d. What was the purpose of the "pool"? VII. Government Bridles the Iron Horse a. Why was the American public slow to respond to the economic injustices of the railroad barons? b. What event finally goads the farmers to protest their treatment by the railroads and why? c. What was the importance and background of the Wabash case? d. What was the reaction of Congress to the ruling in the Wabash case? e. What was contained in the Interstate Commerce Act? f. What did the Interstate Commerce Act NOT accomplish? g. In what ways was the Interstate Commerce Act effective? h. Why is the Interstate Commerce Act important in terms of history? VIII. Miracles of Mechanization a. What accounted for the growth of millionaires after 1861? b. What new technologies were being introduced in the late 1800's? c. What was the social impact of inventions like the telephone and typewriter on women? IX. The Trust Titan Emerges a. What were horizontal and vertical integration and interlocking directorates and how were they used to eliminate competition and by whom? X. The Supremacy of Steel a. What brought the transformation of the U.S into a steel reliant nation? XI. Carnegie and the Other Sultans of Steel a. How did Carnegie rise to wealth and power? b. What were the philosophies of Morgan and Carnegie? c. How did Morgan take command of Carnegie steel? d. Why did Carnegie spend the rest of his life dedicated to philanthropy? XII. Rockefeller Grows an American Beauty Rose a. What were the early uses for the infant oil industry? b. How was the oil industry saved from a sure death? c. What was the philosophy of Rockefeller in business? d. What were advantages of Rockefeller's oil monopoly? e. What were some of the other trusts of the period? XIII. The Gospel of Wealth a. What was Carnegie's Gospel of Wealth? b. What was Social Darwinism? c. What was the standard attitude of the wealthy toward the poor in the late 1800's? d. How did the corporations manipulate the 14th Amendment to their advantage? XIV. Government Tackles the Trust Evil a. What was contained in the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? b. Why was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act ineffective? c. How was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act originally used and why? XV. The South in the Age of Industry a. What industry experienced early growth in the South? b. Who was the most well known booster for a "New South"? c. What were the most formidable obstacles the lay in the way of industrialization for the South? d. How did the textile industry grow in the south and what was the down side of the introduction of the textile industry? XVI. The Impact of the New Industrial Revolution on America a. How was the Jefferson ideal killed in the late 1800's? b. How did the time clock change life in America? c. How did the industrial age affect women? d. How did the machine age accentuate class divisions? XVII. In Unions There is Strength a. What were the problems and changes faced by the worker? b. How did corporations work against organized labor? XVIII. Labor Limps Along a. What was the significance of the National Labor Union's formation? b. Who was excluded from participation in the NLU? c. What were the causes advocated by the NLU? d. What was the Knights of Labor and how did it differ from the NLU and how was it the same? XIX. Unhorsing the Knights of Labor a. What happened at Haymarket Square? b. What was the outcome of the Haymarket Riot? c. How did the Haymarket Riot lead to the fall of the Knights? d. How did the inclusion of "scabs" hurt the Knights" XX. The AF of L to the Fore a. Who founded the American Federation of Labor and what was its purpose and how was it different from previous unions?