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INDIAN HYDROBIOLOGY

Vol. 5 No. 2 November 2002

Influence of food organisms on Microinvertebrate for use in aquaculture

R.S. Priya, P.S.Anitha, S. Jasmine and Rani Mary George Vizhinjam Research Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Vizhinjam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala - 695 521 India

Abstract

Culture of commercial fin fish and shell fish is dependent on the availability of live organisms (plankters) ofr suitable size for feeding different stages of their larvae. Realizing the importance of live food as a manipulating tool in the hands of aquaculturists, experiments were planned to determine the naupliar production, survival and time to maturity of a marine harpacticoid copepod Euterpina acutifrons and the reproductive potential of parthenogenetic marine rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis and fresh water cladocren Ceriodaphnia cornuta. Copepods and rotifer were fed with marine microalgae Chaetoceros calcitrans, Isochrysis galbana,Tetraselmis gracilis and Chlorella marina whereas cladocern was fed with fresh water microalgae like Chlorella ellipsodea, Ankistrodesmus colvolutus and Scenedesmus acuminatus. The time taken for the E. acutifrons to mature was shortest with the diet of I. galbana at a concentration of 1x 106 cells/ml. B. rotundiformis showed highest growth rates in C. marina at a concentration of 5x 106 cells/ml. The multiplication rates of C. cornuta were best in C. ellipsoidea at 3x 106 cells/ml.

Fisheries biodiversity and plankton community of the Great Kwa river, Nigeria

P.O.Ajah Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria E-mail : [email protected]

Abstract

The fisheries biodiversity and plankton community of the Great Kwa River, Nigeria was studied for six months beginning from March to August 1996. A total of 1338 fish was sampled from 23 families of 26 genera representing 30 species with total lengths ranging from 9 -60cms. The dry season witnessed more catches (52%) than the raining season that contributed 48%. Fish catch also increased with increase in salinity, plankton production and nutrient load. A linear relationship existed between the fishery biodiversity and plankton community. From a low at Idundu to moderate at Atimbo and a high at Anantigha, corresponding to their levels of productivities. Fifty per cent of the fishery was benthic, 23.08% bathypelagic and 26.92% pelagic which explains the diatom and Ostracod dominance in this lotic system.

Key words : Fisheries biodiversity, Cichlidae, Bagridae, plankton, Osteoglossidae, catchability

A report on biodiversity of algae from coastal West Bengal (South & North 24-Parganas) and their cultural behaviour in relation to mass cultivation programme.

Arpita Mukhopadhyay and Ruma Pal Department of Botany, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta - 700 019, India

Abstract

In the initial survey of the estuarine and coastal biodiversity of West Bengal, 9 species of Chlorophyceae and 5 species of Rhodophyceae members have been recorded from different regions of Huguly estuary (South and North 24-Parganas, West Bengal). Laboratory unialgal cultures are being set up to study in vitro reproductive behaviours. The prospect of mass cultivation of these genera useful for different biotechnological programmes have also been assessed. Rhizoclonium, Enteromorpha and Ulva are found to be dominant among Chlorophyceae; Caloglossa, Catenella and Bostrychia have been recorded from Rhodophyceae. Zoosporisation and sexual reproduction have been induced in laboratory culture.

A systematic account of the green alga Stigeoclonium segarae Islam from Tamil Nadu, India

R. Nirmala* and S.Bharathan** *Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Queen Mary's College, Chennai - 600 004, India and ** Department of Botany, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai - 600 030 , India

Abstract

The present paper deals with the systematics of Stigeocloniuim segarae collected from a roadside ditch at Covelong, Chennai. The morphological features of both prostrate and erect systems of the alga in nature and culture, as well as its reproduction and type of zoospore germination have been described in detail.
Key words: Description of green alga - occurrence - Stigeocloniuim segarae - Tamilnadu

Harvest of zooplankton live food for ornamental fishes from natural ponds in North Chennai, Tamil Nadu

K.Altaff*, M.B.Raghunathan**, R.Suresh Kumar** and M.Suryanarayana Moorthy* *Unit of Reproductive Biology and Live Feed Culture, Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai - 600 014, Tamil Nadu, India ** Zoological Survey of India, 130, Santhome High Road, Chennai - 600 028, India

Abstract

During the course of zooplankton investigations in and around Chennai it was observed that huge quantity of zooplankton is harvested daily by the aquarists in Manali, North Chennai. These aquarists are mainly from Kolathur and Peravallur and make their harvest from these ponds daily in the early morning irrespective of the climatic conditions. These ponds exist in the midst of many industries and their main water source is from the industrial effluent treatment plants. Huge quantity of zooplankton population is available in such ponds and an aquarist harvests of about 3 Kgs. (wet weight) per day. This paper highlights the importance of live food from the natural resources and utilization of the same in aqua hatcheries. Further, the physico-chemical parameters and zooplankton composition of these ponds are also reported.

Growth response of Stigeoclonium Kuetz. in different culture media

R.Nirmala Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Queen Mary's College, Chennai - 600 004, India

Abstract
Distinct characters which can be employed in the circumscription of various species of Stigeoclonium are identified. Twenty isolates of Stigeoclonium have been grown in ten different media and the extent of variability of various morphological features have been observed.
Key words : Culture - Growth - Green alga - Stigeoclonium - studies

Studies on growth and kinetics of phosphate uptake in the Blue-green algae, Cylindrospermum sp. and Nostoc sp.

R. Murali, V.V.Subramanian and V.Sivasubramanian

Unit of Algal Physiology and Biotechnology

Post graduate and Research Department of Botany, R.K.M.Vivekananda College, (www.viveka.org), Chennai -600 004, India.

Abstract

Cylindrospermum sp. and Nostoc sp. collected from Chennai, the two fresh water blue-green algae, were used for the present study. Investigations on the growth, kinetics of PO4 uptake were carried out. Uptake of PO4 followed Michaelis-Menton kinetics in both the algae. Cylindrospermum sp. showed a biphasic kinetics by changing its uptake kinetics in higher PO4 concentrations. Nostoc sp. showed a simple kinetics and very low Ks. for PO4 and is well suited for nutrient poor waters. PO4 uptake was very low in dark. Higher uptake rates were observed in lower light intensities. Na+ seems to enhance the growth of blue-green algae along with PO4. In the absence of Na+, PO4 uptake was very low.
Key words : Blue-green algae; Cylindrospermum sp.; Nostoc sp.; phosphate uptake

Limnology of upland lakes and reservoirs of Tamilnadu, India

A. Sreenivasan E2, Lakshmi Enclave, No.5, North Crescent Road, T'Nagar, Chennai-600 017, India Formerly Joint Director of Fisheries Research, Chennai. India

Abstract

Limnological features of six upland "lakes" are described. Kodaikanal, Berijam and Pykara lakes are oligotrophic on the basis of chemical parameters and nutrient load, but the plankton indicate a tendency to eutrophication over time. Oxygen deficits in the bottom also indicate the same tendency. In these lakes, chemocline also was noted. Ooty lake is hypertrophic with complete hypolimnial oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation. Marked chemical stratification was also noted. This influences the biology of Sandynulla reservoir, which receives the outflow of Ooty lake. Both of these have a permanent blanket of blue green alga, Microcystis aeruginosa. Pykara reservoir receiving the water of Sandynulla is showing signs of gradually becoming mesotrophic from the original oligotrophy. Yercaud lake also developed very high CO2 accumulation in the bottom. Primary production is high in all these lakes. "Biological stripping" of excess algae through fish harvest is suggested.

Key words : Tamilnadu, India, Ooty lake, Sandynulla reservoir, Pykara reservoir, Kodaikanal lake, Berijam lake, Yercaud lake, oligotrophy, hypertrophic oxygen depletion, carbon dioxide accumulation, cyanophycean blooms, chemical stratification
A short term chemical analysis of Grateloupia lithophila Boergesen from Kovalam, near Chennai

N. Rajasulochana, M.Baluswamy, M.D.Vijaya Parthasarathy & V.Krishnamurthy Krishnamurthy Institute of Algology 19, Saraswathy Street, Mahalingapuram, Chennai 600 034, India

Abstract

Chemical analysis of Grateloupia lithophila Boergesen, collected from Kovalam, near Chennai was carried out for its mineral constituents, total carbohydrates, protein and lipid and in particular, the carrageenan contents, over a period of three months from April 2001 to June 2001. The results are discussed in relation to seawater chemistry. The accumulation of certain ions by the alga is discussed.

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