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As the goddess of grain and fertility, Demeter played an important - indeed essential - role in ancient Greek society.
The Greeks, like most ancient cultures, relied upon agriculture for their sustenance. As the patron deity of agriculture, Demeter was accordingly worshipped with festivals (such as the Thesmophoria) and other honors.
Likewise, her association with grain also translated into a close relationship with human fertility, as this was another crucial part in our continuing survival.
There are, consequently, many myths dealing with Demeter in her capacity as a fertility goddess.