Economics Response Questions
- TANSTAAFL stands for: There ain’t
no such thing as a free lunch
- .On the production possibilities curve, as you
increase the output of one product, you ______ the output of another
product. Decrease
- These are real costs that are measurable in terms
of the real value that is forgone when a choice is made: opportunity costs
- What are the 4 factors of production: land,
labor, capital, and entrepreneurial
- What factor of production would a machine be in?
capital
- Capitalism is an economic system that favors what
2 things: private ownership and individual rights.
- What are the 2 effects of competition: lower
prices and better quality products
- This is the difference between the costs of 2
alternatives or the difference between 2 benefits: margin
- This is an economic analysis that analyzes facts
or data to establish scientific generalizations about economic behavior:
positive economics
- This is the study of the economy as a whole and
focuses on aggregate behaviors of producers and consumer: macroeconomics
- Will a free market occur if there isn’t
willingness of individuals and organizations to freely exchange their
goods/services?: No
- What are the 3 types of market systems:
traditional, planning/command, and market principle
- Decision making of a product is based on what to
produce, how to produce it, and what? :who will
receive the benefits.
- This system is one in which a group makes
economic decisions as a whole, such as a government: planned/command
system.
- This is a system used in Europe during the 16th-18th century, and is
characterized by central planning, strong government, and heavy reliance
on exports: Mercantilism
- If governments chose to not interfere with
economic policy, they are practicing which technique: laissez-faire.
- When do governments tend to get involved in
economic policy? When the benefit of the whole group is at stake.
- This is any situation in which resources,
goods/services are exchanged: market
- What are the axes and slope of the supply curve?
X- quantity supplied, y-price, slope up
- Finish this sentence: As price increases, demand
_________? Decreases.
- Finish this sentence: As price increases, supply
__________? Increases
- This is the price at which the quantity supplied
and the quantity demanded are the same: equilibrium price.
- Producers seek what? Profit maximization
- This refers to the relationship of the change in
price to the change in quantity demanded: elasticity
- Is a price elastic, if after calculations, the
number comes out to be .9? No, it has to be greater than 1
- This is a
governmental grant of the exclusive right to make, use, or sell an
invention for a specified period of time? patent
- These are market types in which they operate with
strict price controls and universal service requirements set by the
government: regulated monopolies
- This is a situation in which demand exceeds the
supply of the market: shortage.
- Give an example of an oligopolistic
industry: auto industry
- This is a word that describes that consumers are
the driving force of a market: consumer sovereignty
- What are the principle interests of
macroeconomics: output, prices, and employment
- These are actual expenditures for resources used
in production. : explicit costs
- The number of units produced is the ?: total
product
- How could a company increase productivity? Better
working conditions, better pay, health care, stocks, vacation time, etc.
- What goals does the Humphrey Hawkins Act of 1978
require the government to do? Pursue goals of output, full employment, and
price stability
- These are indications of the direction the
economy will take in the future: leading economic indicators.
- What is an interest rate: a percentage that is
multiplied to the amount borrowed or saved.
- What is the GDP equation? :GDP = C + I + G + X
- This is a type of inflation that is caused by a
rise in the costs of factor of production: cost-push inflation
- This agency implements monetary policies in the US: Federal Reserve System/
- What economic problem does the Tragedy of the
Commons illustrate? Inefficient use of collectively owned resources.
- Approximately what % of the world’s nations are classified as developed economies? 20 %
- Not having enough resources to satisfy the wants
of all people is called ? scarcity
- What is the time period over which real GDP must
decline for a recession to be identified? Six months
- What happened to the Athenian government when it
debased its new coins? People wanted to spend only the new coins
- Marginal analysis is concerned with what type of
costs and benefits? Incremental
- Rent is the economic term for payments for what
type of resource? Natural resource
- What is a primary characteristic of a purely
competitive market? There are many buyers and sellers.
- If the production possibilities curve shifts
left, what does this reflect? An increase in productivity
- What is the economic term that refers to the ease
at which an asset can be converted to an economy’s medium of exchange?
Liquidity
- What type of tax is the Federal tax collected on
the sale of a gallon of gas at a gas station? Excise tax (an internal tax
levied on the manufacture, sale, or consumption of a commodity)
- What organization conducts the actual trades of
US Government Securities ordered by the Federal Open Market Committee?
Federal reserve Bank of New York.
- What term refers to a payment not made in
exchange for a good or service? Transfer payment
- Which type of good is excludable and rival? A
private good
- What is the real interest rate? The nominal
interest rate – inflation rate
- What spending component makes up the largest
percentage of the market basket of goods and services used to determine
the Consumer Price Index? Housing
- What monetary policy tool is most used by the
Federal Reserve? Buying or selling securities
- What 2 groups in a market economy are connected
through financial intermediaries? Savers and borrowers
- What group contends that the generalization and
assumption that economists apply to modern economies do not apply to
ancient economies? Primitivists
- During the period of the Roman Empire, what region was the largest source of Roma
grain imports? Egypt
- What term refers to depositors’ balances in bank
accounts that can be accessed by writing checks? Demand deposits
- What did John Keynes cite as an example of a
fiscal policy stimulus in the ancient Egyptian economy? Building pyramids
- The demand for what is referred to as a derived
demand? Factors of production
- What refers to the relationship between an
economy’s total output demanded and the price level? Aggregate demand