APES Semester One Review Questions #1
___1.
What kind of feedback loop is demonstrated by predator-prey population growth?
a. negative b. positive
___2.
What kind of feedback loop is demonstrated by human population growth?
a. negative b. positive
___3.
Which of the following does not contain a form of potential energy?
a. water held behind a dam
b. sugar and starch in a potato
c. a gallon of gasoline
d. ultraviolet light
e. a piece of coal
___4. What process is responsible for turning
solar radiation into chemical potential energy?
a. cellular respiration b. transpiration c. decomposition d.
photosynthesis
___5. Which of the following concepts includes all
of the rest?
a. ecosystem b. habitat c. community d. population e. species
___6.
Which is likely to have the most biodiversity?
a. a terrestrial biome b. a marine biome c. a shoreline biome
___7.
What kind of pyramid cannot have a smaller base (producers) than a top
(tertiary consumers)
a. energy pyramid b. biomass pyramid c. numbers pyramid
___8. Which cycle does not directly involve the
atmosphere?
a. hydrologic cycle b. nitrogen cycle c. carbon cycle d.
phosphorus cycle
e. all of the above involve the
atmosphere
___9. Which of the following are factors that
create tolerance limits for a population
a. temperature b. concentration of phosphate c. salinity d. water
e. all of the above
___10. Which of the following is not a common
limiting factor for a lake ecosystem
a. rainfall b.
phosphate c. light d. dissolved oxygen
___11. What scientific law explains why there are
always fewer tertiary consumers than primary consumers in an ecosystem.
a. first law of conservation of
energy (thermodynamics)
b. second law of conservation of
energy (thermodynamics)
c. law of gravity
d. law of tolerance
e. law of conservation of matter
___12. Which of the following would not be a
predicted effect of cutting the forest in a stream watershed such as at the
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest?
a. increased soil erosion b. less water infiltration c. higher nutrients in the water
d. nutrient loss in the soil e. decreased algae growth in the water
___13.
Spotted owl is to specialist as
human is to __________
a. consumer b. evolution c. generalist d.
r-strategist e. decomposer
___14.
A patch of weeds growing on soil in early summer may be exhibiting
a. interspecific competition b. predation c. mutualism d.
parasitism
___15.
Which of the following biomes has the highest gross primary productivity
a. arctic tundra b. coniferous forest c. grassland d. tropical rainforest
e. desert
___16. What is most responsible for the great
change in human population during the last century?
a. increased birth rate b. decreased birth rate c. increased death rate
d. decreased death rate
___17.
Demographic transition describes the observed changes after economic
development
a. decreased death rate following
by increased birth rate
b. decreased birth rate following
by increased death rate
c. decreased death rate following by decreased birth rate
d. increased death rate following
by decreased birth rate
e. increased death rate following
by increased birth rate
___18.
What best describes the population of the United States?
a. population is growing b. population is decreasing c. population is stable
___19. What will happen to population if fertility
rate = replacement rate
a. population will decrease
rapidly
b. population will decrease
gradually
c. population will become stable
d. population will slow down its growth, but won’t stabilize for a
while
e.
population
will continue to grow exponentially
Short
questions:
1.
Write the formula for photosynthesis
2.
Write the formula for cellular respiration
3.
Create a food web with the following, and label each trophic level
fox tree rabbit
grasses grasshoppers bird
bark beetle termites
dry
rot fungus praying mantis
hawk
4.
Draw an energy pyramid using an aquatic ecosystem. Assume that there is 1 million kcal of energy available for the
producers. Label the amount of energy
available for each level.
5.
Trace the changes from exposed rocks to a deciduous forest.
6. Place an r or a k next to the
characteristic or example of an
r-strategist or a k-strategist
___
high investment in individual offspring ___generalist
___slow
growth ___
high trophic level
___many
small offspring ___adapted to unstable
environment
___niche
specialist ___low trophic level
___few
large offspring ___short life
___large
population fluctuations ___rapid
growth
___adapted
to stable environment
7.
Draw an age structure diagram of an expanding population, a stable population,
and a diminishing population, and give an example of each
8. Match the
health hazard with the example
___1. asphyxiant a. coal dust
___2. allergen b. carbon monoxide
___3. infectious organism c.
mercury
___4. toxin d. sulfuric acid
___5. irritant e. formaldehyde
___6.
respiratory irritant f. Giardia
___7. carcinogen g.
radiation
9.
Draw a diagram of the water cycle. Include all steps.
10.
List 3 reasons why estuaries are vital to ecosystems.
11.
List 3 ways for California to increase its water supplies.
12.
Describe the steps of eutrophication.
13.
Describe the travel of a water molecule as it leaves your toilet. (Describe the
processes of treatment).
14.
List and describe 3 tests that will reveal the quality of a waterway. What
should their limits be?
15.
Describe the Clean Water Act and the Clean Air Act.
16.
Describe 2 devices that greatly reduced to amount of air emissions by
automobiles and industry.
17.
What is the difference between a primary and secondary air pollutant? Give an
example of each.
18.
From the list below, describe 2 events that add these emissions to the air.
-Nitrous
oxides
-Sulfur
oxides
-Particulate
Matter
-Ozone
19.
List the 4 layers of the atmosphere. Describe one fact about each of them.