Before beginning your study of Herbology, you must be aware of certain items necessary and required for the success of any plant or herb. Read through each item carefully, they are always used and failure to take them into account can be disastrous.

o Dragon Dung Compost:
o Used for planting.

o Greenhouses:
o Most professional witches and wizards separate their greenhouses according to the danger associated with individual plants.

o Dragon-hide Gloves
o Often worn when handling dangerous plants.

o Ear Muffs
o Used by students to protect themselves from plants like the Mandrake which can harm with the sounds they make.
o These ear muffs are magical as they completely block all sound.

o Slug Pellets
o Hagrid has been known to carry a few of these around in his pockets

o Flesh-Eating Slug Repellent
o Occasionally required to keep Flesh Eating Slugs out of Cabbages and other plants
o These must be bought in Knockturn Alley, which suggests that they are somewhat Dark in nature

o Mooncalf Dung
o When collected at the full moon this substance makes magical herbs and flowers grow extremely well

Now it is time to embark on your journey of magical plants and herbs. Study well and learn all you can. There will come a day when you need one of these plants to save your life. What follows is a compilation of over sixty magical and non-magical (in nature) plants and herbs.

Abyssinian Shrivelfig

� General Information:
o Grows abundantly all over

� Appearance:
o Shriveled stem and leaves provide its name
o Beautiful white flowers appear at the top (flowers are useless for potions, merely decorative and usually saved for that purpose)
o Grows to 3 feet in height

� Uses:
o Used in creams to completely reverse wrinkled skin (if only muggles could get their hands on it)
o Certain species of Shrivelfig are highly cordial and inviting
� Though rare, they can be extremely useful
� These species will give its breeder a section of their root that is otherwise entirely unattainable
� This section of root can be used as a �fountain of youth� so to speak
� Though it only reverts a person back five years and must be taken again to have results continued

� Care:
o Prefers dry, chalky soils
o Most herbologists do indeed use actual chalk and have outstanding results
o Water 1x/3 months
o Plenty of sun
o As a potion ingredient needs to be peeled

Aconite

� General Information:
o Aka: Monkshood and Wolfbane
o Lower mountain slopes of North portion of Eastern Hemisphere
o From Himalayas through Europe to Great Britain
o Extremely poisonous

� Appearance:
o Fleshy, spindle shaped root
� Pale colored when young, dark brown when mature
o Stem is about three feet in height
o Dark green, glossy leaves
o Clusters of Dark Blue flowers

� Uses:
o Leaves and Flowering Tops:
� Removed to create Extract of Aconitum
� This extract is useful when combined with Runespoor eggs
� Together they produce a substance so powerful that it can defend against the Imperio and Crucio curse
� As you should know, Runespoor eggs are tremendously rare and this substance is hardly produced
o If root grounds are placed around a wizards home, it will protect him or her from a Puffskein

� Care:
o The center of the flower is a rich purple
� This purple attracts the Dobee fly
� The Dobee fly will destroy all magical properties of Aconite
� Supervision must be constant to avoid such destruction
o Prefers a soil that slightly retains moisture
o Flourishes in shade
o Open wooded area, moist soil, would yield best result
o When mature, must be dug up and dried out

Alihotsy

� General Information:
o Had to be removed from muggle environment as they constantly came upon it and partook in the leaves � thus the advent of mental wards

� Appearance:
o A long, thin plant that casts an inviting atmosphere

� Uses:
o Eating the leaves causes hysteria
o Can intoxicate an observer into eating the leaves
� A potion needs to be taken to reverse effects
o When taken under supervision and in diluted form, Alihotsy leaves can help people suffering from depression

� Care:
o Main concern is not eating the leaves
o One needs to remember that the plant is trying to make him/her eat of the leaves and they should acknowledge that this is the reason for their desire
o Other than that, simple maintenance

Asphodel

� General Information:
o Comes only in botanical and ornamental gardens
o No longer grown in wild

� Appearance:
o Grows to approximately three feet in height
o Large, white flowers
o Long, numerous leaves

� Uses:
o Used in Draught of the Living Death
o Used to protect a person from an evil spirit
� Most ghosts are personable
� There are a few, though, that spend their existence tormenting other souls
� Asphodel roots must be placed in the four corners of a room and then no spirit will be allowed to enter

� Care:
o Grow from seedling
o At end of first year, remove all roots for use
o After one year, root are useless

Balm

� General Information:
o Native to damp and shady woodlands of southern Europe and western Asia

� Appearance:
o Tall, fragrant herb

� Uses:
o Balm tea is most often used in divination as it gives the best readings � use the leaves
o Sliced balm stalk is used in many potions � Numbing Solutions, pain sharpening drafts, laughing potions
o The leaves are also used in many fever reduction drafts

� Care:
o Requires damp soil, a murky sunlight
o Best use for magic requires the herb to be splattered with the droppings of a Glouf Bird

Basil

� General Information:
o Native to damp and shady woodlands of southern Europe and western Asia

� Appearance:
o Tooth-edged leaves, small purplish-white flowers
o Grows about 1 foot tall
o A basil shrub can grow to eight feet in height

� Uses:
o Basil Seed
� Basil seeds found in the Ireland Lettles used in magic
� The Lettles is unplottable for this reason
� Soil there was blessed long ago by the powerful witch Hephres
� Seeds are hard to come by, as the native Lettles animal like uses the seeds as main source of food
� Seeds are peeled and those peelings used in newer broomsticks as internal devices
o Basil Stalk
� Stalk can be shredded, ground, grated, or boiled whole. Used in multitude of potions � Gentle Sleeping Draft, Acne reduction, cures most skin ailments caused by a charm or curse
o Basil Shrub Roots
� Medicinal purposes, usually a basic element of all medicines

� Care:
o Requires damp soil, a murky sunlight
o Grown from seed
o If growing Basil Seed especially, must be planted in the proper soil (as described above) allowed to rest for three days and then removed.
o Minimal watering

Belladonna

� General Information:
o Extremely rare
o Found in southern countries
o Said to lure children with it�s Berries
� Children will grow weak-minded and then eat of the berries
� Shortly thereafter dying from the poisonous nature of the berries

� Appearance:
o Root is thick, fleshy, white, and about six inches long
o Purple colored stem
o Grows to two to four feet in height
o Dark green leaves
o Dark and dingy colored flowers
o Berries grow also

� Uses:
o Used by some in the Veritaserum potion
� Makes it extremely potent
� Outlawed by Ministry of Magic in 1932 after a suspect was given the potion, found innocent, and then later died from the poisonous belladonna
o Used by witches and wizards in an attempt to capture a Demiguise
� The Demiguise is often fooled into believe the Berry is a normal fruit � When it eats the berry, it dies within 2 hours

� Care:
o Should not be used around children under 10 years of age
o Grows best when shaded by trees
o Water sparingly
o All productions of it are regulated by the Ministry of Magic to avoid abuse

Bitters

� General Information:
o Is the name of juice taken from many of the herbs we will study

� Uses:
o When extracted from herbs and replanted within a beetle carcass, it produces a potion nearly as powerful as erumpent fluid
o Is used by witches and wizards on safari
� Protection against dangerous creatures
� The liquid is of such a powerful nature that dragons and giants can�t stand to come within fifty feet of it

� Care:
o Careful preservation is important
o A variety of insects will try to consume the bitters
� Ruining the entire supply if contaminated

Boneset

� General Information:
o Populous in meadows and lowlands

� Appearance:
o Stem is from 2 to 5 feet in height
� Stem passes through the middle of two hairy leaves that are joined around it.
o Flowers vary from grayish-white to bluish-purple

� Uses:
o When combined with the blood of an owl, the ground leaves produce a potent elixir
� Elixir will revive those that are in an unconscious state
� Rarely used in this sense, as there are charms to produce this effect
o Brewed stalks with nettlebird eye are used to reduce fever caused by Redcap infection
o Main use is as a major ingredient in Skele-gro
� Thus the name �Bone-set�

� Care:
o Blooms in fall
o Requires plenty of sun, moderate temperatures, no cooler than 60 degrees
o Water occasionally � 1x/day

Bouncing Bulbs

� General Information:
o Before introduction of Bouncing Bulbs, bludgers were rather ineffective

� Appearance:
o Look like innocent roots
o Are nearly perfectly round, but have spits at both ends
o Slightly squishy, which is a way to identify them from regular roots
o Golden brown coloring

� Uses:
o Bouncing bulbs are used in bludgers
� The bulbs have a natural tendency to attack people
� This is one of the reasons that Bludgers focus on unseating as many players as possible
� The bulb also helps keep the balls moving

� Care:
o Be careful, can cause injury if they get free
o Must be planted as infants (when they are incapable of movement)
o When they start shaking in their pots, they are moved to a new patch of soil
o Finally removed for Bludger use when their top spit pushes out of the soil

Bubotubers

� General Information:
o Exude a yellowish pus that smells like petrol

� Appearance:
o Long, thin, rather ugly plant
o Spidery veins for stems that spread upward and sideways
o No flowers, but the top has a spot that looks to be wear a flowers would erupt
o Instead, it contains a small sac of pus that can cause serious pain to a person

� Uses:
o Only true use is as an excellent cure for Acne

� Care:
o Take care when grooming this plant as pus will squirt at you if you are too rough
o The bubotuber releases its pus at random times as well
o Always exercise caution
o Dry soil is required
o Water 1x/month
o Sun should be frequent

Bundimun

� General Information:
o An infestation of Bundimuns can destroy a house

� Appearance:
o Green fungus with eyes

� Uses:
o It�s secretion rots away the foundation
o In diluted forms, the secretion is used in magical cleaning solutions

� Care:
o The only care for Bundimun is to destroy it

Calendula

� General Information:
o Found primarily in canary islands through Asia Minor

� Appearance:
o Grow from 1 to 2 feet in height
o Have flowering stem, small petals lying on top of one another
o Flowers vary from grayish-white to bluish-purple

� Uses:
o Use calendula plant dust in broom tails
� Helps control friction and grating, prevents chafing and stuttering
o Brewed stalks with nettlebird eye are used to reduce fever caused by Redcap infection
o Main use is as a major ingredient in Skele-gro
� Thus the name �Bone-set�

� Care:
o Requires exact temperatures of 75 degrees when used for magical purposes
o Must be watered once every day at the same exact time.
� Water must be at 67 degrees and exactly one cup.
� Measurements need to be precise.

Calla

� General Information:
o Found primarily in canary islands through Asia Minor
� Appearance:
o Large white leaf shaped like a funnel or bell, leaf often mistaken for flower
� Real flowers are tiny blossoms inside the flowerlike leaf
� These blossoms are integral part of everyday life.

� Uses:
o The Calla herb can be used to ward of garden gnomes.
� If the blossoms are collected and ground, powder sprinkled atop the head of a garden gnome, prior to ejecting it from the garden, he will never be able to return
� Unfortunately, the Calla is rare. Rare in the sense that most gnomes will destroy the herb on sight.

� Care:
o Must be grown outdoors.
o Direct sunlight for � the day, other � of the day in darkness
o Must be grown apart from any other plant.
o Contact with another root will taint the magical properties of the Calla plant
� Makes the plant very difficult to grow

Caraway

� General Information:
o Grows in Europe, Asia, and northern U.S.

� Appearance:
o 12 to 15 inches in height
o Bright green, carrot-like leaves
o Greenish-white flowers

� Uses:
o Main use found in the seed
� Which has been used primarily by dark wizards/witches
� Ministry has sanctioned that all planted be seized and seeds collected
� Stored in an ultra-secure facility
o Also used by Dementors � alternate food source
� When souls are hard to find

� Care:
o Production of seed must be detailed.
� Herb is to be grown under shade of a Poprus Tree � found commonly throughout Europe
� Must never allow sunlight to touch the herb. Which means, constant rotation of the herb is necessary as the Poprus tree requires sunlight
� Once mature, in approximately 3 days, the seeds will fall from open leaflets
� Hands must under NO circumstances touch the seeds.
� Regardless of whether hands are protected or not.
� The seed is extremely deadly in this state.
� On brush or contact with human body will result in instantaneous death
� Use Pincers to transplant
� Place all seeds into a cauldron that is immediately sealed and labeled

Catnip

� General Information:
o Eaten by animals in wild

� Appearance:
o Grows 2 to 3 feet in height
o Little clusters of whitish flowers tinged with a delicate rose color
o Heart shaped leaves, green above, whitish below

� Uses:
o Immature catnip is used for following purposes:
� By cats:
� As odd as it sounds, all cats eat immature catnip in order to produce an internal serum that extends their life.
� The line �9 lives� is often joked about in muggle communities, but is actually what this herb can do for cats.
� Undetectable by muggle scientists, they are unaware of its existence.
� Note:
� To attempt to eat an immature catnip by humans is FATAL
� The entire plant is extremely poisonous
� A cure is available, but often the eater of the plant does not make it to a necessary medical facility
� The plant kills its victim within 30 minutes
� By humans:
� Catnip must be stewed
� Bulbous root then removed
o Bulbous root of immature catnip must not be eaten under any circumstances
o Results are FATAL
� Stew immature catnip until it boils
� Cures common ailments, aches, pains, headaches, stomachaches, and so on
o Mature Catnip is used for following purposes:
� By humans:
� In medicine it is used for patients who suffer from severe biological impairments.
o Such as: defective organs, cross-eyed, and internal bleeding

� Care:
o Moderate sunlight
o Prefers to be produced in forestry environments
o Roots MAY bleed
� If this occurs, do not allow blood to touch you
� It is extremely poisonous

Celandine

� General Information:
o Grown for juicing purposes by witches and wizards

� Appearance:
o Plant grows from 1 to 2 feet in height
o Grayish green leaves, and yellow flowers

� Uses:
o Celandine juice used to treat warts and jaundice
� Extremely potent
o Celandine buds are used for special purpose
� Must be removed before flower begins to peak
� Used to guard certain garments against color changing charms

� To produce:
� Bulb outer shell is all that is required
� Ground to a fine powder and sprinkled over the garments
� A Trolla Spray is then added to seal in the powder

� Care:
o Rich, damp soil
o Plenty of sunlight

Chiedao

� General Information:
o EXTREMELY DANGEROUS AND DEADLY PLANT
o Very Rare
� Seeds appear when a dragon egg is hatched under a Runespoor

� Appearance:
o Long, sharp pointed tentacles
o Leathery leaves protect the Cheidao from prying hands
o One flower on each herb emits a toxin that can paralyze and cause a complete breakdown of the central nervous system

� Uses:
o Roots:
� Ground and used in potions to treat Groub victims
� Groub is a disease that slowly eats away at a person�s flesh
� Cause by being bitten by the mysterious Groub insect
o Stems:
� Sliced stems are stored extra-high security vaults in Gringotts
� Used in cases of possession (to restore the person back to their full state)
� Possession can be by spirits or by dark witches/wizards

� Care:
o Use of Dragon-hide gloves mandatory
o Tentacles can puncture skin and cause wound four to five inches deep
� Causes severe infection that must be treated immediately
o Closed Greenhouse should be used when dealing with Cheidao
� Enclosure of each Chiedao is required by the Ministry of Magic
� Persons are suggested to wear a face mask of some sort in case the enclosure is faulty
� This is to protect against the toxin it releases
o Plant will grow on its own once seeded
o No need to water
o Use rich soil

Cicely

� General Information:
o Found worldwide

� Appearance:
o Large white leaf shaped like a funnel or bell, leaf often mistaken for flower
� Real flowers are tiny blossoms inside the flowerlike leaf
� These blossoms are integral part of everyday life.

� Uses:
o Roots are used in many medicines as an antiseptic
o Excellent for clearing up a case of Runatund Blisters
� Runatund blisters appeared in the late 1800�s
� First person was infected by the Runos Bee
� Cases are rare, but do occur occasionally
o Leaves are occasionally used in Divination for Tea Reading
� Though this use is rare, as the readings are often of a violent and deadly nature
� Not believed, by most, to be very accurate leaves.
o Seeds, when chopped, are used as a varnish for broomsticks
� Only seed that does not destroy the magical integrity of a broom
o Also used by Dementors � alternate food source
o When souls are hard to find

� Care:
o Part shade to full shade and moisture-retentive, but well draining humus-y soil.
� Is long-lived and grows large
� Has a long taproot so transplanting is difficult.
o Roots must be taken in the fall, Leaves in the spring, Seeds when available

Cineraria

� General Information:
o Usually found blanketing trees, uses for shade

� Appearance:
o Height: 8 inches
o Width: 8 - 12 inches
o Blooming in shades of blue, red and pink, this perennial's blooms grow up to 2 inches in diameter 18 weeks after sowing.

� Uses:
o Roots are boiled and then left to dry out.
� Creates a thick paste that is then used to treat those suffering from the Conjunctivitis curse
� Curse usually wears off, but not in all cases
� Paste is put over eyes for three hours.

� Care:
o Partial Shade - Moist but Well Drained
o Blooms in mid winter
o Easy-to-grow

Clary

� General Information:
o First discovered in Germany

� Appearance:
o Brownish stems grow two to three feet tall
o Stems are hairy, with few branches
o Leaves are as large as a human hand
� Muggles claim that the leaves are hands and that they have been attacked by them
� Claim is so far unsubstantiated
o Flowers are pale blue or white
o Blackish brown seeds

� Uses:
o Roots
� Used to treat those stung by a Billywig
� Must be combined into a solution, but this is the main component
o Oils
� Used to treat a Kneazle scratch.
� A scratch from a kneazle can cause a person to become paranoid and hypervigilant

� Care:
o Seeds need to be grown in spring.
� Though with magic, that can be advanced if planted in winter
o Seeds should be placed one foot apart.
o Require zero maintenance except to remove weeds.
o Weed growth is a constant battle with Clary herb, especially when growth is advanced with charms

Coriander

� General Information:
o Native to Mediterranean Sea countries

� Appearance:
o About 3 feet in height

� Uses:
o Seeds:
� Added whole to many potions
� Includes: hair growing solutions, color changing solutions, age reversal solutions
o Oils:
� One drop of Coriander oil on a magical book provides it with a protection from theft
� Usually combined with an incantation for even greater results

� Care:
o Damp, rich soils
� When grown with a Leechbug, seeds grow three times in size, thus producing more oil (as 500 pounds of seeds produces a mere 5 pounds of oil)

Daisy

� General Information:
o Found all over, muggles see it as a weed

� Appearance:
o Leaves cover the ground so closely that nothing can grow beneath them
o Flowers are usually yellow

� Uses:
o Used as an ingredient in many burn pastes and healing pastes
o The dirt that the Daisy is grown in also has magical properties
� Removed while the Daisy is still growing
� Used in potions to reduce inflammations of internal organs
� Extremely effective
o The flowers and leaves produce oils
� Oils are used to coat broomstick tail twigs and fireplaces connected to the broomstick network
� Reduces fraying in broom twigs and chipping of fireplaces
� Chipping in fireplaces is serious and can cause the network to go haywire

� Care:
o Enjoys sunlight, moonlit walks on the beach
o Okay, just kidding, had to be done at least once
o Soil should be more towards the dry side
o Water 3x/week

Devil's Snare

� General Information:
o Will shrink away from fire
o Bluebell flames are most effective, as it will drive away devil�s snare completely

� Appearance:
o Soft tendrils and vines, wrap around things, squeezes tightly
o Eventually chokes person to death
o Best to relax, as it slows the spread of tentacles, allowing for more time to think of an escape

� Uses:
o Used most often to protect highly important valuables
o Should not be used alone, though, as many know the spell to protect themselves against Devil�s Snare

� Care:
o Thrives in darkness, can�t stand sunlight, oddly enough, requires very little soil, damp places
o As stated above. Nothing more. Best to release it before it grows too large, can be dangerous then.

Dittany

� General Information:
o Formed from the Bark of a Dita tree

� Appearance:
o Looks like a stick in the ground
o Careful observation reveals small flowers that are woody in nature o Glossy stem

� Uses:
o Dittany is added to the wood used in broomsticks
o It constitutes a small, but pivotal portion that helps refine hover heights

� Care:
o 20 drops of water per day is required
� No more, no less
o Plant in rich soil
o Minimum sunlight needed

Elecampane

� General Information:
o Muggles brush it off as a weed

� Appearance:
o Rather coarse and hardy
o Stem and leaves are fleshy in nature
o These blossoms are integral part of everyday life.

� Uses:
o Root is used to treat skin ailments for horses
� Unicorns and other horse like creatures included
� Though root must be specially prepared.
� Rather than ground, the root is cut open and the juice is allowed to blend with the Cineraria Plant
� The combination of those juices produces an elixir that is magical horse friendly
o Leaves
� Eaten whole can cure the wizardry ailment �Tongo Fever�

� Care:
o Normal conditions for a plant
o Grows freely in most gardens and lawns
o Muggles often use pesticides to kill it

Fennel

� General Information:
o Related to parsley
o Grows wild in southern Europe

� Appearance:
o Fragrant, finely divided leaves and yellow flowers
o Seeds are also fragrant, have a licorice taste

� Uses:
o Seeds, leaves, and flowers are used in many magical candies
� Fizzing whizbees, licorice tongues, applet sugardrops, bomber rats, and so on
� They are taken immediately upon appearing and ground to a fine powder, where they are then added to the mixture of the particular candy.
o Fennel found in Asia is used by goblins to ward off possible thieves
� Combined with a secret substance, it produces a smell so pungent that no one is able to tolerate it long enough to near a treasure

� Care:
o Grows wild, so it is best produced outdoors
o Can be placed among other plants or produced separately
o Little water is necessary and they live longer without soakings

Figwort Family

� General Information:
o Quite a variety of species within this family
o There are herbs, bushes, plants, and trees

� Appearance:
o Bell shaped flower divided into two lips
o Stem is extremely slender
o Leaves grow in twos upon the stem.

� Uses:
o Plants are used in medicines
o Medicines found in:
� Minor/major cut ointments
� Deep bruises ointments
� Abdominal pains, nausea, rashes
o Trees produce a fruit that is used primarily to flavor teas
� Produced correctly, it can enhance the flavor of anything

� To produce:
� Remove seeds at point of most ripeness
� Combine crushed seeds with the petal of the Figwort, preferably those of purple tint
� Mix and add to any liquid

� Care:
o Require temperate climates, 70 degrees approximately
o Little wind, moderate rainfall
o Moderate soil, not too rich

Flutterby Bush

� General Information:
o Costs quite a bit to buy in stores, so not many people have them

� Appearance:
o Bush quivers and shakes

� Uses:
o Best if placed in garden near valuable plants and herbs
o Will keep away insects, gnomes, and other creatures

� Care: o Needs constant pruning
o Water moderately
o Will take as much sunlight as given

Fluxweed

� General Information:
o Grown all over, prefers to grow wild
o When muggles attempt to produce it in isolation, the Fluxweed will de-root itself and escape into the wild
� Perpetually baffles muggles

� Appearance:
o Long stalks
o Flowers change colors continuously
� Have been found red one day and blue the next
o Leaves swirl around one another

� Uses:
o Used in polyjuice potion
o Used in Cloaks to make them fire-proof
� Must be matured and then removed from roots
� Stems and flowers must lay in sun for 3 days and then turn over and lay for an additional three days
� At end of this period, they must be placed in Venadine Solution for one week
� At end of week, Fluxweed will have absorbed all the solution
� Then is ground to a mushy state and added intermittently to cloaks

� Care:
o As mentioned, when raised in captivity, the Fluxweed will attempt to free itself
o Only way to prevent this is to place the root into a metal container and then bury it three feet below the surface
� Fluxweed will not be able to free itself from this state
o Provide sun to the stems only
o Flowers must remain in shade
o Water 4x/week

Geranium

� General Information:
o Native to South Africa and Australia
o Aka crane�s-bill and heron�s-bill

� Appearance:
o Flowers are a bright purplish-pink
� 14-18 mm diameter, with 5 separate petals
o The petals can be slightly notched and are sometimes white
o The leaves are trimmed in red, deeply lobed

� Uses:
o The small fruit produced by the geranium is most commonly used in potions and herbology mannerisms
o Fruit � plant geranium
� Upon 8th day remove the fruit seed that is produced
� Allow seed to remain in basket of one ounce of Honey Juice
� In two weeks, the seed will ripen
� After the seed has consumed all of the juice that surrounds it, it will open
� A sweet smelling liquid will result

� The liquid is then stored and used as a finish coat for wands.

o Leaves:
� Used in medicine (when geranium planted in fertilized Dragon soil)

� Leaves are ground to a fine powder and combined with a multitude of potions:
� Skele-gro, Remax Potion, Agean Draft, varieties of Pepper-up potion, anti-inflammatory, dizziness, headaches, etc.

� Care:
o Depends on usage (as noted above)
o Some need plenty of sunshine and water to keep moist roots
o Others grow on rock formations, require shade

Gillyweed

� General Information:
o Can be produced in greenhouse, usually done by containing it within a tank, simulating the watery environment

� Appearance:
o A water plant
o Slimy, grayish-green. Like a rat tail

� Uses:
o When eaten, gives a person gills to breath underwater, webbed hands and feet for swimming, duration of effect � one hour

� Care:
o Just keep in water
o Minimal sunlight
o Most herbologists use a magical screen to simulate depth of water and filtering of sun

Ginger

� General Information:
o Found in North America, North Carolina, and Kansas

� Appearance:
o Grows to one foot in height
o Kidney shaped leaves
o Fine, hairy stems
o Bell-shaped flower, dull brown or brownish purple in color

� Uses:
o Ginger oil is used quite frequently
� Found in the lacquer of many magical pieces of furniture
o Ginger root can be used to awaken someone under the Stupefy charm
� Root has strong, pungent odor that reacts with the chemicals the spell elicits

� Care:
o Prefers rich soils
o Wooded areas
o Moderate watering, 1x/day
o Sunlight is pleasing to it

Ginseng

� General Information:
o Found mainly in the west, China, Korea
o From Chinese words meaning �likeness of a man�

� Appearance:
o Infant Panoi have grayish eyes
o Has a long, fleshy root, shape resembles a human body
o 3 �5 leaves, with 5 leaflets on each leaf

� Uses:
o Two kinds:
� Muggles know of: Regular Ginseng
� Used in hair tonics, skin creams, refreshments, many health stores in Hogsmeade use ginseng in their medicines

� Wizardry:
� A rare species called the Panoi Ginseng was discovered in northern China in the 1100�s
� Similar to the mandrake, in its appearance
� Panoi Ginseng is alive, it is round 2 inches in diameter, one foot in height
� Incapable of speech, it is able to only see
� Therefore it is not deadly
� Though it does have extremely sharp teeth and dragon hide gloves are required
� Panoi Ginseng, though rare, is used in ocular potions
o Primarily for witches and wizards who have lost their sight or were born without it

� Care:
o Must be grown indoors, preferably within a herbology shed, where it can receive a modicum of filtered natural light
o The plant must be used when the eyes turn to a greenish tint
o It naturally takes two months for the Panoi to mature
o The Panoi is then bound in Clover shells and transported for use

Hoatzin

� General Information:
o Found in South America

� Appearance:
o When in the ground it looks like a dead Hoatzin bird
o It is plump, entirely blue

� Uses:
o Root
� Used to cure, provide treatment to animals, mainly birds
� Do not manipulate the root in any way
� Rub the root upon the wound to treat

� Care:
o Takes six months to mature completely
o When it does, the herb removes itself from the earth

o If not collected, the herb will decay in eighteen hours
o Herb seems to be self-sufficient
o Produces water, food for itself
o Plenty of sun, rich soil a must

Hops

� General Information:
o Muggles commonly use it in beer

� Appearance:
o The Hop is a vigorous vine
o The female cones are a greenish yellow in color and the male flowers have 5 tiny petals hanging in loose bunches

� Uses:
o Roots are often ground to a fine powder and placed in medicinal beds and bags
� Promotes healing
o Stalks can be sliced, boiled and the liquid placed around belongings to protect them from Nifflers

� Care:
o Hop seeds can be sown outside in late spring
o The seedlings should be thinned to 15-30cm
o The plants need support and should be kept well watered if the weather is dry
o Top-dress the plants in spring
o The hop can also be propagated by root division
o Rich, moist soil in light shade

Horehound

� General Information:
o Found in Europe and northern Asia
o Country side
o Now grows in America, brought to that country

� Appearance:
o Grows from 1 to 3 feet in height
o Covered in cottony white hairs, small and almost pure white flowers

� Uses:
o Leaves and stem used in flu remedies, minor coughs (lower dosages)
o When combined with Monkshood and Clary it produces a draught strong enough to rematerialize a person under the affects of a Tebo
� The Tebo is a creature capable of invisibility
� There are witches and wizards who have captured the Tebo and used its blood in a potion
� When drunk as a potion, it puts the drinker into a permanently invisible state
� Monkshood, Clary, and Horehound reverse the effects

� Care:
o Requires little care
o Can be left to own defenses, plenty of sun, moderate water

Horseradish

� General Information:
o Commonly used by muggles as a food additive
o Native to Europe

� Appearance:
o Identified by numerous amount of long leaves and an oversized root
o Stem is extremely slender
o Leaves grow in twos upon the stem.

� Uses:
o Whole root prepared with specialized treatment can be used to cure boils
� Whole root must be dug from earth, fully in tact (key � very important)
� Root is then ground and combined with Murdoc Oil.

� Care:
o Requires little to no maintenance
o Sun and water
o Note that the root requires special maintenance

Knotgrass

� General Information:
o The Knotgrass is abundant everywhere, a common weed in arable land, on waste ground and by the roadside
o The larvae of Trumpet Moths will eat the plant as a substitute for their usual food

� Appearance:
o The root is branched and somewhat woody, taking strong hold of the earth
o The stems, 1/2 to 6 feet in length, much branched, seldom erect, usually of straggling habit, swollen joints give name �knotgrass� and widely spreading
o The flowers are minute, in clusters of two to three, barely 1/8 in. long, usually pinkish, sometimes red, green, or dull whitish
o Lack of honey causes plant to rarely be visited by insects that muggles are aware of
� This is important as it keeps the plant uncontaminated

� Uses:
o In polyjuice potion
o When stung by the spike of a Shrake fish
� Area affected can erupt into large sores and blisters
� A remedy is made by taking Knotgrass that formed in the larvae of deceased Trumpet moths and grinding it into a paste
� It is foul smelling, but very effective
o Knotgrass seeds, which are themselves very knobby, are a key component in broomstick handles
� In older brooms, there was not yet a devised method to reduce the lumpy nature of the knotgrass. Thus the appearance of knobby broom handles
� Today they are able to smooth the knotgrass seed before adding it to the broom handle
o Knotgrass Root
� Very difficult to pull from the earth
� The roots themselves are rather odd-shaped, knobby
� When a person tries to remove a root, the root will instinctively swell to an absurd size
� It will continue to swell as long as the person tries to remove it
� Easiest way to retrieve a root is to clear the earth around it, place a metal plate beneath it and then pull.
� It will still struggle, but won�t be able to resist for long

� Care:
o Grows singly in a favorable soil and clear of other vegetation
o Will often cover a circle of a yard or more in diameter, the stems being almost prostrate on the ground and leaves broad and large
o But when growing crowded by other plants the stalks become more upright and all the parts are generally smaller
o It begins flowering in May and continues till September or October

Lavender

� General Information:
o Used by muggles for aromatic purposes

� Appearance:
o Usually small bush
o Grows from three to four feet in height
o Purple (pale) flowers

� Uses:
o Used in many homes to rid the smell of Ghouls
� Who enjoy making awful odors to displease homeowners
� Also used in medicine, ground � oils � crushed, to cure skin rashes and ailments

� Care:
o Require temperate climates, 70 degrees approximately
o Easy maintenance
o Plenty of sun, water, and shade

Leaping Toadstools

� General Information:
o Grows wild in most parts Europe
o Muggles think they see toads in open patches of land

� Appearance:
o Rather small
o No large than an average sized hand
o Have the back of a mushroom
o Toad leg stem

� Uses:
o Whole toadstool, boiled in Bubotuber Pus is an excellent poison to rid a home of a Sleeproach infestation
o Are also used as a part of Fizzing Whizbees
o Other use is in a multitude of toys for children
� Jumpo Pellets, Gravel Cars, and Taser Mogles

� Care:
o Leaping Toadstools are easy to care for
o Only difficulty rests in keeping them planted
o Best method is to remove the toad legs and therefore prevent the plant from moving
o However, certain potions require whole toadstools, legs attached
� For this case, secure the toadstools behind a glass cage

Lovage

� General Information:
o All parts of the herb can be used

� Appearance:
o Thick and fleshy root
� 5 or 6 inches long
� Shaped like a carrot,
� Grayish-brown color on the outside and whitish within
o Stems grow three to four feet in height
o Dark green leaves

� Uses:
o Not to knock the name, but Lovage is used in nearly every Love or Friendship potion
o Flowers are used when ground to fine powder
� Sprinkle in a bed of person you favor
� If slept in on night of full moon, that person will soon fancy you
o Leaves are used in some wands
� Particularly wands for those who enjoy herbology

� Care:
o Lovage requires a moist, sunny position
o Plant them at the back of the herb garden as they grow very tall
o Sow Lovage seeds in the spring if in its permanent position or in summer if you want to transplant the plants in the autumn
o Only a few plants are needed
o The roots can be divided in the spring just as the leaves appear
o Make sure that the roots have a shoot and replant them 60 cm apart.

Mandrake (Mandragora)

� General Information:
o These creatures grow and develop over the course of several months until they mature and can be harvested and used for potions

� Appearance:
o Mandrake seedlings are tufty little plants
o Purplish green in color with what look like tiny babies growing where the roots would be

� Uses:
o The Mandrake root is a powerful restorative
o It forms an essential part of most antidotes, including one for Petrification
o The Mandrake Restorative Draft returns people who are transfigured or cursed to their original state

� Care:
o The cry of the Mandrake is fatal to humans, so special care must be taken when growing them (use earmuffs!!)
o Even as a baby, the Mandrake's howls can knock a person out for a couple of hours.
o The Dugbog is particularly fond of eating Mandrakes, care must be taken
o As the mandrakes grow they need to be transplanted to a pot that is of adequate size. Pot cannot be too large, as the mandrake will be able to free itself and possibly kill someone nearby with it�s scream
o Always use earmuffs when handling the Mandrakes
o Silencing charms will not work

Marjoram

� General Information:
o Grows wild in the Mediterranean region and in Asia

� Appearance:
o Grows 1 to 2 feet in height
o Bears small whitish or purplish flowers

� Uses:
o Leaves:
� Ground and used to make a portkey
� Portkeys are primarily charms, but also use Marjoram leaves as a source of stability for the travel
� Marjoram is a compass of sorts, and if the portkey should fail, the Marjoram will return the traveler to his/her original point of departure
o Stems:
� Sliced and used in many magical foods
� Not merely in the fashion a muggle would use it
� Can make food dishes levitate, if placed correctly around the border of a plate
o Trees produce a fruit that is used primarily to flavor teas
� Produced correctly, it can enhance the flavor of anything

� To produce:
� Remove seeds at point of most ripeness
� Combine crushed seeds with the petal of the Figwort, preferably those of purple tint
� Mix and add to any liquid

� Care:
o Flourishes in damp soils, rich
o Plenty of sunlight, keep temperature at 77 degrees

Nettles

� General Information:
o Widely spread over the world, mainly tropical
o Stinging Nettle is common in temperate climates

� Appearance: o Stinging hairs on stems and leaves
o When stung by a nettle common reactions are:
� Severe burning heat
� Pain lasts for several days
� Symptoms similar to lockjaw can occur
� Some can cause death

� Uses:
o Antidotes are often produced from the stingers of nettles
o There are many different species, so stingers are removed from each one and catalogued accordingly

� Care:
o Use dragon-hide gloves
o Take care not to be stung
o Some nettle species will try and sting you by moving their stalk when you aren�t paying attention
o Water frequently
o Plenty of sun

Parsley

� General Information:
o Closely related to caraway
o Though in magic produces different effects

� Appearance:
o Green stalk
o Green bushy �flowers�

� Uses:
o The stalk of the parsley is what is important to us
� When burned within the flame of a rebirthing Phoenix
� The stalk will burn completely, and then reappear, as if untouched
� This stalk can be eaten to cure severe internal injuries
� Obviously is hard to come by as most Phoenix�s are not kept domestic

� Care:
o As stalk emerges, constantly remove all leaves from it
� IMPORTANT: as the leaves will taint the stalk
o Use moderate watering
o Watch growth vigilantly

Pennyroyal

� General Information:
o Strong, pungent odor
o There are herbs, bushes, plants, and trees

� Appearance: o 3 inches to a foot long
o Leaves are shortly stalked
� More or less hairy on both sides
� Oval and grayish green
� About 1 to 1 1/2 inch long and 1/2 inch broad
o The seed is light brown, oval and very small
o Flowers are reddish purple or lilac blue

� Uses: o Leaves can be made into oils
� Oils that are often used in divination
o The odor is used, often, when dealing with XXXXX magical creatures
� The odor is so severe for those creatures, that they will often not come anywhere near
� Though the manticore has learned how to hold its breath and thus the odor is no longer effective on that beast

� Care:
o Grows best in light soil
o Seeds placed two inches beneath the surface
o No need to water, as it can produce its own

Peppermint

� General Information:
o Member of the mint family

� Appearance:
o Grows from 1 to 3 feet in height
o The leaves are smooth, sharply pointed
o Small purplish flowers

� Uses:
o Also has its oils used in divination
o Leaves have their juices extracted and used in solutions that deal with bone pain
� Aches, bruises, teeth, etc.
o Flowers are boiled in many potions
� Potions included: Deafening draft, many garden potions

� Care:
o Grows best in dark, moist soil of chiefly decayed plant matter

Portulaca

� General Information:
o Has a variety of uses per petal
o One of the most usable herbs

� Appearance:
o Grows flat or as tall as one foot
o Fleshy leaves about one inch

� Uses:
o Flowers come in:
� Red:
� Is used in potions that deal with curing blood diseases
� Yellow:
� Used to rid the body of sun burn
� Pink
� Can remove any smell, even that of the foul Scaraban
� White:
� Used primarily as an easy detection of T/F
� Plant will turn black if person holding it lies
� Purple:
� Rids the body of dark bruises, or scars
� Use the oils within the petal for this purpose

� Care:
o Sunny location
o Poor, rather light soil
o Flowers open only in full sun
o For our use, must collect petals immediately upon opening

Puffapod

� General Information:
o Hang from the ceiling

� Appearance:
o Fat pink pods with seeds that burst into flower if dropped
o Umbrella-sized flowers

� Uses:
o No real usage, mainly decorative, but it can be used as food for a teething Venomous Tentacula

� Care:
o Water and sunlight
o Seeds become flowers when they drop, so be prepared to transplant flowers growing from flooring to a pot

Rosemary

� General Information:
o Native to Mediterranean region

� Appearance:
o Grows four to eight feet in height
o Dark-green leaves, and tiny, pale blue flowers

� Uses:
o When combined with gillyweed and eaten at the same time, produces an extra period of underwater breathing
o As you should know gillyweed only works for a limited period. Addition of Rosemary can double it

� Care:
o Little maintenance
o Water 3x/day
� Helps with gillyweed usage
o Keep from direct sunlight
o Rich, damp soil is best

Saffron

� General Information:
o Found in Europe
o An herb produced from the Crocus Sativus plant
o It takes approximately 4000 flowers to yield one ounce of usable Saffron � Appearance:
o Grass-like leaves
o Large lily-shaped flowers
o Yellow stigmas

� Uses:
o Wizardry world depends on Saffron
o It is a crucial ingredient in all their wands

� Care:
o In 1247, Sir Ashton Draker developed a means of producing more than adequate amounts of Saffron

� Method:
� Saffron, produced under very controlled conditions
� Temperatures at 12 degrees, with absolutely no wind
� When plants begin to mature, the temperature is quickly raised to 78 degrees
� A rapid sprouting will occur, producing 100x the normal amount of stigmas and styles than normal
� Thus this method requires an abundance of space
� To collect Saffron juice, the stigmas and part of the styles are dried

Sage

� General Information:
o Shrubby garden plant
o Leaves and stems primarily used

� Appearance:
o Averages one foot in height
o Wiry stems
o Grayish green rounded leaves
o Purple flowers

� Uses:
o Used to head wounds (no specific type)
o Oils
� Very volatile
� Extreme care must be taken when using
� Used best for coating bludgers
� Protects the bludger from external tampering

� Care:
o Excessive sunlight and water
o Rich soil
o An incantation is used in production of Sage bush.
� Must be cast at the planting of the Sage and again when the first sprout appears
� Incantation: Fertus Darem

Savory

� General Information:
o Not easy to get the Savory herb to flower
o When it does, the flowers are very important

� Appearance:
o Summer Savory will grow to 45cm in height
o It has long narrow leaves and blue and white flowers.

� Uses:
o Flowers are a key ingredient in the antidote to Doxy Venom
� Doxy Venom can cause temporary paralysis
� If not taken care of immediately, can be permanent

� Care:
o Sow the seeds in late spring, covering them with only a light sprinkling of soil
o Place the seedlings 30cm apart and leave to grow
o Summer Savory does not like being moved
o Harvest this herb when it reaches 15cm and keep cutting it all summer
o Cut the tips of the plant
o If it does flower you will then need to cut the whole plant down and dry for winter use

Spearmint

� General Information:
o Member of the mint family
o Used in many aloes

� Appearance:
o Stems grow 1 to 2 feet
o Spikes of lavender or white flowers present

� Uses:
o Oils are used in many candies
� Particularly Bertie Bott�s Every Flavor Beans

� Care:
o Require temperate climates, 70 degrees approximately
o Temperamental
� Some prefer cool climates
� Some prefer humid climates
o Take note with each particular plant and adjust accordingly

Spikenard

� General Information:
o Also known as Nard
o Related to Valerian
o Comes from India

� Appearance:
o Shaped like an ear of Corn
o Stems about two inches long

� Uses:
o Stem used in many cauldrons
� Provides a stabilization that protects the cauldron from the different aromas and odors that are to result from future potion making

� Care:
o Cooler climates
o Moderate sun
o Cool water must be used

Tansy

� General Information:
o Related to thistle
o Native to Europe
o Grown in gardens and in the wild

� Appearance:
o Leaves and flower have a bitter taste and strong odor
o Dark green leaves
o Leaves grow in twos upon the stem.

� Uses:
o Dark green leaves produce an oil
� This oil is used in healing paste
� Provides the thickness of the paste
� Essential to the efficacy of the paste

� Care:
o Simple maintenance
o Water 1x/day
o Average sunlight
� That is, not constant, place in area where sun shines average 6 hours a day

Telegraph Plant

� General Information:
o Used in floo powder
o Native to tropical Asia

� Appearance:
o Grows to four feet in height
o Bears small purple flowers that are useless to herbology

� Uses:
o The seed pods are the key
� When ground, seed pods are used as an ingredient in floo powder
� Floo powder is the network by which witches and wizards travel through fireplaces

� Care:
o Must be planted with ashes from a fireplace (if to be used for floo powder)
o Otherwise, requires little maintenance
o Keep out of direct sunlight

Thyme

� General Information:
o Oils found in leaves and stems

� Appearance:
o Grows from 6 to 8 inches in height
o Hairy stems, narrow leaves, small lilac or purple flowers

� Uses:
o Used to combat acromantula
� Not so necessary anymore, but reserves of the potion are kept in the ministry in case of emergency
o Use the stems and lilac flower
� Ground together and combined with a healing paste

� Care:
o Grows best in poor, dry soils
o Little sun
o Rare watering, 1x/week

Valerian

� General Information:
o Native to Northern Hemisphere

� Appearance:
o Pink, fleshy flowers
o Small roots, conical shape

� Uses:
o Roots are strong smelling and used in many gardens as a powdered coating to keep away gnomes and other magical creatures interested in devouring the garden goods
o One type of Valerian herb produces an oil used to treat comatose patients.
Allows for a rapid healing of brain injuries

� Care:
o Must be grown exactly six inches apart from each other
� Prefer cooler climates, often a cooling charm is used when produced in a green house
� Moderate watering and sunlight
� Should be touched and talked to quite frequently

Venomous Tentacula

� General Information:
o Native to temperate regions, often found in remote areas

� Appearance:
o Spiky, dark red
o When teething, reaches out vines toward people

� Uses:
o Venom can be taken to produce antidote for those bitten in wild

� Care:
o When Teething:

� If bitten causes severe reaction, seek medical help immediately
o Best to keep in an area from the rest of plants, as it will reach for people or plants
o Especially when teething care must be taken, as it will chew on nearby plants for nourishments.

Whomping Willow

� General Information:
o Difficult, but can be grown in greenhouse

� Appearance:
o Large, violent tree that attacks anyone who gets too close
o When produced in greenhouse, won�t grow larger than 3 feet
� Herbologists don�t know why
o Will grow to great heights in nature

� Uses:
o Even small tree can be used to protect valuables
o The trunk and arms can cause serious injury to anyone trying to get past it
o All have a safe root, if you can reach it

� Care:
o Must be careful when dealing with the Willow, as it WILL attack you
o Provide sunlight and water

Wormwood

� General Information:
o Legend says that wormwood grew on a trail left by a serpent�s tail

� Appearance:

o Leafy stems with a woody base arise from the root
o Stem is covered with fine, silky hairs
o Grows to 2 � 2 � feet in height
o Flowers have a greenish-yellow tint

� Uses:
o Used in Draught of Living Death (makes a person fall asleep)
� Take an infusion of the wormwood
� Wormwood is broken down and introduced into the solution very carefully
o Used as a pesticide to kill the Floogie Bug
� The Floogie Bug will eat away at the roots of herbs in gardens
� Wormwood, when used as a pesticide, must be boiled until it is a liquid
� Roughly takes approximately five hours under a high intensity magical cauldron fire
o Compresses soaked in wormwood tea are used for bruises, sprains, and irritations

� Care:
o Extreme caution must be taken
o Strongest when root is wrapped in snake skin and planted one foot in soil
o Avoid direct sunlight, soil must be moderate � not too rich, not too poor