The Ackermann function is the simplest example of a well-defined total function which is computable but not primitive recursive. See the article "A function to end all functions" by G�nter Dotzel, Algorithm 2.4, Oct 1991, Pg 16. The function f(x) = A(x, x) grows much faster than polynomials or exponentials. The definition is:
1. If x = 0 then A(x, y) = y + 1
2. If y = 0 then A(x, y) = A(x-1, 1)
3. Otherwise, A(x, y) = A(x-1, A(x, y-1))