Unix - Hour 7 Looking into Files
7.1.1) This lists the content of current directory and show the type of the files. internet% ls -F README* cis327/ file40 newfile testdir/ TEST cis328/ m13com/ prokids/ testme bugTrack/ cis377/ m1feedback/ public-web/ cis316/ cis396q/ my.new.cmd* say.hi* cis325/ file4.doc new.login sort.manpage.Z Command file analyzes the specified files. internet% file sort.manpage.z README TEST testme sort.manpage.z: cannot open: No such file or directory README: commands text TEST: empty file testme: empty file internet% 7.1.2) This analyzes all the files internet% file * README: commands text TEST: empty file bugTrack: directory cis316: directory cis325: directory cis327: directory cis328: directory cis377: directory cis396q: directory file4.doc: empty file file40: ascii text m13com: directory m1feedback: directory my.new.cmd: empty file new.login: assembler program text newfile: empty file prokids: directory public-web: directory say.hi: commands text sort.manpage.Z: compressed data block compressed 16 bits testdir: directory testme: empty file internet% 7.2.1) Display the files in the very top level (root), their types and arranged by column. internet% cd / internet% ls -CF *perl* emacs-20.4 lost+found/ root/ -R etc/ mail/ sbin/ Mail/ export/ mnt/ sshd2_config.mw TT_DB/ home/ mrtg tftpboot/ apps/ home1/ net/ tmp/ apps2/ home2/ nsmail/ usr/ awk home3/ nsr@ var/ bin@ home4/ opt/ vol/ cdrom/ int.df platform/ web/ dev/ kernel/ proc/ xfn/ devices/ lib@ quotas 7.2.2) Again it analyzes some files located at the root directory. internet% file bin etc mrtg tmp bin: directory etc: directory mrtg: empty file tmp: directory 7.2.3) Moved to /lib directory and again analyzed some files displaying some detailed
information. Command file works regardless the name of the file.
internet% cd /lib internet% file lib.b lib300.a diffh sendmail lib.b: c program text lib300.a: current ar archive, not a dynamic executable or shared object diffh: ELF 32-bit MSB executable SPARC Version 1, dynamically linked, s tripped sendmail: ELF 32-bit MSB executable SPARC Version 1, dynamically linked, s tripped internet% ls -l /lib/sendmail -r-sr-xr-x 1 root bin 6507200 May 6 1999 /lib/sendmail internet% 7.3.1) Moved to my home directory and displyied the first few lines of file README internet% cd internet% head README *** Congratulations on your first login to GGU's UNIX servers! *** We endeavor to provide the best education for all of our students, and have created a short welcome message just for you. HINT: if you need to scroll down, just hit the <space> bar. If you ever run into trouble just type `helpme` and a simple form with contact numbers will appear. internet% 7.3.2) Displayied the first 4 lines of file README internet% head -4 README *** Congratulations on your first login to GGU's UNIX servers! *** We endeavor to provide the best education for all of our students, internet% 7.3.3) Displayied the first 3 lines of two files at the same time.
The last file has only one line
internet% head -3 README say.hi ==> README <== *** Congratulations on your first login to GGU's UNIX servers! *** ==> say.hi <== echo hi internet% 7.3.4) Displayied the first 2 people currenlty logged in the UNIX system. internet% who | head -2 root console May 24 13:01 (:0) spantaro pts/2 May 29 21:31 (ip-111-117-52.stockton.navipath.net) Displays everybody to compare with previous example. internet% who root console May 24 13:01 (:0) spantaro pts/2 May 29 21:31 (ip-111-117-52.stockton.navipath.net) eitelman pts/3 May 29 19:49 (adsl-63-201-42-202.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net) vochoa pts/14 May 22 16:28 (pool54-80.ggu.edu) root pts/7 May 24 13:02 (:0.0) internet% 7.3.5) File say.hi and README are executables but I could not see any different result.
No random junk was thrown in the screen.
internet% head -1 say.hi echo hi nternet% head -1 README internet% ls -F README say.hi README* say.hi* internet% 7.4.1) Displys the last 12 lines of the file internet% tail -12 README as a default index page. I recommend you create your own index.html page as soon as possible. WARNINGS: No "hacking" or "cracking" is allowed. If you abuse email, IRC, other peoples accounts or in general cause trouble for the UNIX servers, network or other networks/hosts, your account will be terminated and the Dean of Student Affairs will be contacted. Experimentation and learning is encouraged, but please, remember the rights of others first! unix sys admin internet% 7.4.2) Displays the last 5 lines of the specified files. First file has only one line. internet% tail -5 say.hi echo hi internet% tail -5 README Dean of Student Affairs will be contacted. Experimentation and learning is encouraged, but please, remember the rights of others first! unix sys admin
internet%
7.4.3) This display the last 3 lines of the first 12 lines of specified file. internet% head -12 README | tail -3 with contact numbers will appear. LIMITS: This display the first 12 lines of specified file. internet% head -12 README *** Congratulations on your first login to GGU's UNIX servers! *** We endeavor to provide the best education for all of our students, and have created a short welcome message just for you. HINT: if you need to scroll down, just hit the <space> bar. If you ever run into trouble just type `helpme` and a simple form with contact numbers will appear. LIMITS: 7.5.1) Command cat displays the content of the file. internet% cd internet% cat say.hi echo hi internet% 7.5.2) Another way to display the last 5 lines of file README. See the whole file bellow. internet% cat README | tail -5 Dean of Student Affairs will be contacted. Experimentation and learning is encouraged, but please, remember the rights of others first! unix sys admin internet% cat README *** Congratulations on your first login to GGU's UNIX servers! *** We endeavor to provide the best education for all of our students, and have created a short welcome message just for you. HINT: if you need to scroll down, just hit the <space> bar. If you ever run into trouble just type `helpme` and a simple form with contact numbers will appear. LIMITS: disk space= TEN (10) megabytes per user account expires SIX (6) months from creation. Extensions are available. EMAIL: You currently have a POP3 account. This enables you to run programs such as Eudora, Outlook or Netscape to check your email. The settings you will need are as follows. Incoming mail server (POP3) = pop.ggu.edu Outgoing mail server (SMTP) = mail.ggu.edu Username = <same as your unix username> Password = <same as your unix password> WEBSITE: Type `makeweb` and a public-web directory will be created for you, as well as a default index page. I recommend you create your own index.html page as soon as possible. WARNINGS: No "hacking" or "cracking" is allowed. If you abuse email, IRC, other peoples accounts or in general cause trouble for the UNIX servers, network or other networks/hosts, your account will be terminated and the Dean of Student Affairs will be contacted. Experimentation and learning is encouraged, but please, remember the rights of others first! unix sys admin internet% 7.5.3) Display the first line of an executable. internet% cat -v /bin/ls | head -1 ^?ELF^A^B^A^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^B^@^B^@^@^@^A^@^A^Z^P^@^@^@4^@^@M-^_M-$^@^@^@^@^ @4^@ ^@^E^@(^@^U^@^T^@^@^@^F^@^@^@4^@^A^@4^@^@^@^@^@^@^@M- ^@^@^@M- ^@^@^@^E^@^@ ^@^@^@^@^@^C^@^@^@M-T^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^Q^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^D^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^A^@^ @^@^@^@^A^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@M-^VM-/^@^@M-^VM-/^@^@^@^E^@^A^@^@^@^@^@^A^@^@M-^VM-0^@ ^BM-^VM-0^@^@^@^@^@^@^D^D^@^@ (^@^@^@^G^@^A^@^@^@^@^@^B^@^@M-^Yl^@^BM-^Yl^@^@^ @^@^@^@^@M-(^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^G^@^@^@^@/usr/lib/ld.so.1^@^@^@^@^@^@^@M-^W^@^@^@M-^N ^@^@^@G^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^?^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@0^@^@^@^@^@^@^@l^@^ @^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^]^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^ @^@R^@^@^@V^@^@^@^@^@^@^@=^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@M-^H^@^@^@x^@^@^@N^@^@^@ \^@^@^@W^@^@^@*^@^@^@M- ^@^@^@^@^@^@^@M-^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@,^@^@^@Z^@^@^@^@^ @^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@M-^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@t^@^@^@^^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^ @^@^@^@^@^@^@`^@^@^@:^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@)^@^@^@n^@^@^@<^@^@^@M-^A^@^@ ^@7^@^@^@H^@^@^@^@^@^@^@5^@^@^@J^@^@^@r^@^@^@$^@^@^@^@^@^@^@M-^J^internet% 7.6.1) Command more also displays the content of file README placed in my home directory. internet% more ~/README *** Congratulations on your first login to GGU's UNIX servers! *** We endeavor to provide the best education for all of our students, and have created a short welcome message just for you. HINT: if you need to scroll down, just hit the <space> bar. If you ever run into trouble just type `helpme` and a simple form with contact numbers will appear. LIMITS: disk space= TEN (10) megabytes per user account expires SIX (6) months from creation. Extensions are available. EMAIL: You currently have a POP3 account. This enables you to run programs such as Eudora, Outlook or Netscape to check your email. The settings you will need are as follows. Incoming mail server (POP3) = pop.ggu.edu Outgoing mail server (SMTP) = mail.ggu.edu Username = <same as your unix username> --More--(56%) 7.6.2) Start displying file from line 20. internet% more +20 ~/README Incoming mail server (POP3) = pop.ggu.edu Outgoing mail server (SMTP) = mail.ggu.edu Username = <same as your unix username> Password = <same as your unix password> WEBSITE: Type `makeweb` and a public-web directory will be created for you, as well as a default index page. I recommend you create your own index.html page as soon as possible. WARNINGS: No "hacking" or "cracking" is allowed. If you abuse email, IRC, other peoples accounts or in general cause trouble for the UNIX servers, network or other networks/hosts, your account will be terminated and the Dean of Student Affairs will be contacted. Experimentation and learning is encouraged, but please, remember the rights of others first! unix sys admin internet% 7.6.3) Displays file from the first ocurrence found of a specified word that is in the
file body.
internet% more +/WARNINGS ~/README ...skipping as soon as possible. WARNINGS: No "hacking" or "cracking" is allowed. If you abuse email, IRC, other peoples accounts or in general cause trouble for the UNIX servers, network or other networks/hosts, your account will be terminated and the Dean of Student Affairs will be contacted. Experimentation and learning is encouraged, but please, remember the rights of others first! unix sys admin internet% 7.6.4) Displays content of a file located in another directory. internet% more /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:Super-User:/:/sbin/sh daemon:x:1:1::/: bin:x:2:2::/usr/bin: sys:x:3:3::/: adm:x:4:4:Admin:/var/adm: lp:x:71:8:Line Printer Admin:/usr/spool/lp: uucp:x:5:5:uucp Admin:/usr/lib/uucp: nuucp:x:9:9:uucp Admin:/var/spool/uucppublic:/usr/lib/uucp/uucico listen:x:37:4:Network Admin:/usr/net/nls: nobody:x:60001:60001:Nobody:/: noaccess:x:60002:60002:No Access User:/: nobody4:x:65534:65534:SunOS 4.x Nobody:/: lanman:x:100:11:SunLink Server account:/opt/lanman:/bin/false lmxadmin:x:10869:11:SunLink Server Administrator:/var/opt/lanman/lmxadmin:/bin/sh lmxguest:x:10870:11:SunLink Server GUEST Login:/home/lmxguest:/bin/false lmworld:x:10871:11:SunLink Server World Login:/home/lmworld:/bin/false www:x:97:23:WWW Server:/web/iplanet:/usr/bin/rksh melvin:x:10872:10::/export/melvin:/usr/local/bin/bash iac:x:99:10:Infotrac Client Software:/usr/local/iac:/usr/bin/ksh infotrac:x:95:10:Infotrac Login:/usr/local/infotrac:/usr/bin/ksh keith:x:11840:1::/home/keith:/bin/sh --More--(86%) |