Chapter 5
Minoan civilization and the importance of its location- The Minoan civilization was very prosperous because it their location. In 1750 B.C. the Minoans built on of the first Greek civilizations which were located on the island of Crete in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. This was one of the most important locations because they were in the middle of all trade and were able to bring in all the new ideas.
Explain how Sparta's location was important. - Sparta was located in a region found in Peloponnesus called Laconia a southern part of Greece. Sparta�s location was important because they could defeat any invaders coming in from the sea and they had some of the best trade routes, but often isolated themselves from other outside Greeks. The only way Sparta could attack was on land it could not be attacked from sea which wasn�t good for the people attacking.
Trojan war- location� The location of the Trojan War took place in Troy. The war was started because Paris fell in love with Helen. Paris and Helen went off and Helens husband was disturbed and was angry with Troy and their princess.
Geography of Greece created? � The geography of Greece was mainly created by different separate city � sates that could be ruled by different people and different governments are wanted by the ruler.
Post Persian wars domination- In 500 B.C. Athens had become the wiliest Greek city-state. But come to find out for the Greeks their perfect city-state would soon see its worst night me air, the Persians which had conquered Athens. After conquering Athens Persia had land all the way from Asia Minor to the very border of India.
Peloponnesian War- When Athens went to conquer Sparta, Athens could not because it was geographically impossible if Athens wanted to conquer Sparta they were unfamiliar with the land and did not know where or what they were doing and they couldn�t attack by sea which they were skilled at. But because Pedicles ordered men into the city because of the over crowdedness many people soon found death a lot closer than in war because a sudden plague came out and killed 100�s. But in 404 B.C. Sparta finally conquered Athens.
Greek theater origins- The Greek theaters were about the only entertainment that every one attended besides the Olympics. The Greek men were the only ones allowed to attend the plays in the early years and men were the only people to perform on stage. The men wore masks for the different parts and bright elaborate gowns or cloth.
Alexander's achievements and empire � Alexander much like his father wanted to conquer Persia because of all the land they had. Alexander�s father had died trying to conquer the land and Alexander decided to take up the challenge. Alexander also always though of himself as the next Achilles because he had always heard of the tails and found himself to be much like him. 334 B.C � 331 B.C. Alexander sets out to conquer Persia and because Persia had fallen apart and hadn�t been as strong as it once was they were an easy defeat. Alexander never lost a battle but once had to walk away from conquering because his men were tired of fighting, he went home to think of a new plan. Alexander had a sudden death and for the next 300 years descendants on Alexander competed for power.
center of Hellenistic world � The center on the Hellenistic world had become world employed armies, architects and artists. The Hellenistic world was, manly around the study of education for example the Greeks took a new level to learning mathematics and science. It brought about new philosophies and ideas also new equations and a form of math called geometry. It also introduced medicine and the cure for many wands and sicknesses.
geographic characteristics of Greece � Greece was a peninsula that was divided in two creating one side untouchable because in the water were jagged rocks that could shred and ship.
oligarchy-a form of government created as a result from farmers and merchants wanting more power from the nobles.
democracy- was a form of government that was ran and controlled by the people.
Spartan childhoods � The childhood for a normal Spartan boy was at age 7 they were taken away from the home and put to live in barracks with other boys there age to do hard core trained for war. At the age of 20 the male was allowed to marry but he could not live at home with his wife, for another 10 years he would live there after marriage and 40 years after marriage he would still be ordered to eat at the barracks. At the age of 30 after all his hard training would pay off and he was able to finally take his place in the military.
Athens' golden age � The golden age of Athens was when Percales was in rule. They called this The Golden Age because from 460 B.C. � 429 B.C. the city state thrived and because strong again also making their government more democratic. The people very much liked pedicles because of his honesty and also he started to give people more rights and say in things like government.
Aristotle's meritocracy � Aristotle�s meritocracy was the questioning of the many types of governments around at the time and coming up with the perfect government. He wanted to question things so that he could narrow it down as to how well it would work. He also established a university to further the education in other areas of biology, ethics, government, logic and many other subjects.
Greek values � Greek values were manly living for their gods. The people always wanted to please to gods backed they feared that by not respecting the gods they would have a bad life and the cities would be cursed for many years.
Chapter 6
Augustus -
Julius Caesar-a great ruler of Rome he never called him self king but was later killed by his best friend Bruits for power.
Hannibal-swore himself an enemy of Rome when he was a boy because his father made him do so. 218 B.C. Hannibal set out on his journey to defeat Rome, hiking high up the side of a mountain with many elephants and men in the harsh winter.
Jesus -was born around 4 B.C. and was said to be the messiah. He was killed in Rome because the many people thought he was a danger so he was nailed to a cross and left to die.
Paul had never met Jesus but one night he got a vision telling him to spread the word of god. The Jewish people at first did not want to hear pf Jesus but in realty Jesus was Jewish and later was worshiped the correct way he should have.
Odoacer - was a Germanic leader who got rid of the ruler in Rome. He was also blamed for the fall of Rome and why it started to lose land and economy.
Ptolemy- was an astronomer/mathematician who came up with the idea that the Earth was center of the universe and was accepted by many people and anything that argued with it was put in prison.
Virgil wrote an epic poem called Adenoid which was a book that tried to show the Romans that they were just as successful as the Athenian empire was.
martyr
mercenary-a highbred foregone soldier that is paid to protect the borders of a city state.
messiah-was Jesus; the said to be savior sent by god but was not believed by many.
patrician-people who are of higher classes and have land.
plebian-were the farmers and merchants. Basically the lower classes that had little influence on the population.
aqueduct-was the today�s irrigation systems because they were stone structures giving water to the lower hill cities.
heresy- is the fighting for religions to be practiced within a certain area of a city.
legion-basic unit inside a city state made up of about 5,000 men.
republic-government that is made up of the people instead of higher authorities.
sect a small group found within a religion.