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Origins of Family Names
These publications were of particular
importance because they showed that the family surnames were either Anglicised
for business, pronunciation or concerns over persecution. In addition, as
Anthony Joseph emphasised the Jewish naming system was based on that of a
particular person and incorporated also a tribal or religious name. For
example, Abraham ben Moses Ha- Cohen. Nicknames, places of origin and work
were also included. This use of names lasted until the late 1700s.In the
case of Jewish families in the Prussian empire surnames were often imposed.
This means that the original names of
families are very unlikely to be identified.
In
this particular section specific relatives are highlighted because we have
very little information about their lives and also to illustrate that in
most families individuals lives are complex and often traumatic.
In the Jewish Genealogical Society data base
there are accounts of Rosina Marjorie Hart ( Hambro Orphanage) and her
brother Alfred being placed in an Orphanage. The account for Alfred
gives a date of 1908 and an address 16c Yukon Road Balham. In the 1901
London census there is a record of Alfred Hart.
We have no up to date information regarding what
happened to Alfred. According to one of our relatives who spoke to Rosina
her brother Alfred was supposed to be sickly and died young.
There are of course records of the Jewish
orphanages particularly the Norwood Orphanage and school .It appears that on
the death of their mother Edmee Hart in 1897 the two children were placed in
the orphanage by their father Napthali Asher Hart. What happened to their
father we do not know although it has been suggested that he went to
Australia. Rosina also went to Australia possibly with members of the
Courlander family but this is uncertain. She returned with a child-Anne-
some time in the 1920s.
Rosina's half sister Marion Richards was brought
up by Amelia and Henry Hart but in the 1901 Census she is recorded at the
age of 15 as being a house maid.
Marion was to be taken to Italy by Constance
Hart and her husband Albert Santa Maria. She left for Italy circa early
1900s and remained there until being deported by the Italian Fascists in
1942 and returned to this country.
There are no definite clues as to the
origins of the Hart family but there are some tentative possibilities.
A source, comes from the death certificate of
Eva Myers and the 1841 census which records her as living with her daughter
Phoebe and her children. Eva is given as being of Foreign birth.
We cannot be certain as to the actual country of
origin but generally it could include Germany/Holland or Poland/Russia.
Given also that the Courlander brothers from Courland Province, Empire of
Russia married two members of the Hart family and also Leah Hart married
Herman Wulfson from Danzig at that time ( 1850s) part of Prussia it seems
very likely that the families shared a common culture and first language.
The various family surnames also indicate German/ Polish origins.
| Henry/Phoebe & Aaron/Rebecca Hart Family |
The earliest information currently regarding the Hart
family relates to the marriage in 1808 between Henry Hart and Phoebe Myers (
see the HAMBRO SYNAGOGUE MARRIAGE RECORD- these records can be found in on
the Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain website - www.ort.org/jgsgb).
These records are important because they also contain the details of other
related families namely two of the Crawcour brothers Samuel and Isaac and
their marriage to two Cashmore's. In addition, the records contain specific
reference to the bride and grooms Hebrew names as well as their fathers
names and where the families lived.
Tracing this marriage record further, details
were found in the 1841 London Census which listed amongst others the widow
of Henry Hart - Phoebe and some of their children. The mother of Phoebe- Eva
Myers age 80 -of foreign birth was also recorded as living at the address-
62 Leman Street.
Later reference to Pigot's Trade Directories of
1836 and records of memoriams by Doreen Berger indicated that the Hart
family were boot and shoe manufacturers.
In the 1852 London Trade Directory there appear
two separate addresses for Aaron Hart. The first is the address 156
Houndsditch and the other 27 Bedford Square
At this address in 1851 Census there appear;
Aaron Hart 40 b Whitechapel Shoe manufacturer employing 13 men workers;
Rebecca Hart 28 wife
Amelia Hart 10 dau
Anne Hart dau 8 and a half years
Phoebe hart dau 7
Henry Hart son 4
Eve Hart dau 3
Gertrude Hart dau 1
This information is interesting because it
includes Phoebe and Henry and also because it indicates that Aaron and
John Hart may have had two separate businesses or else traded independently
as well as in partnership.
The 1823 Pigots London Trade Directory also
gives the addresses of:
Henry Hart 90 Leman Street boot manufacturer.
John Hart -hatter 9 William
Street Blackfriars Road
In the 1851 Census John Hart ( the father of
Henry Chapman Hart) is age 53 tailor and living at 81 Regent Street with:
Elizabeth Hart wife 49
Benjamin Hart son 17
Henry Hart son 14
Amelia Hart dau 7
Julia Hart dau 22
John Hart grandson b Sydney
Australia.
In the 1852 London Trade Directory
there are:
Aaron Hart shoe manufacturer - 27 Bedford Square
and 156 Houndsditch
The male members of the John Hart family were tailors including Henry Chapman Hart. Henry was to change his job from tailor on his marriage to House Agent (1881); Commission Agent( 1901) and at the time of his retirement he was a Solicitor's Managing Clerk. The other male members including John Hart were tailors. The original family address was The Strand and later Regent Street. It is likely, subject to confirmation, that the family traded as John Hart and Sons and may be the same firm who appear as owning three shops in London, Hove and Eastbourne in the 1899 London Trade Directory. We know a little more about this family through references in Berger 1871-1880. However, there is a lot more we do not know particularly why Henry gave up a job as a tailor and what happened to the other family members especially his sisters and brother.
John Hart/Elizabeth Hart nee Jacobs
1841 Census
Living at 319 Strand City of Westminster Parish
of St Mary le Strand
John Hart 46 tailor
Elizabeth Hart 35
David Hart 20
Edward Hart 18 salesman
Julia Hart 15
Sarah Hart 13
Catherine Hart 10
Benjamin Hart 5
Henry Hart 2 and a half
Another male child marked unknown
The marriage between Edmee Camilla Georgina
Richards and Napthali Asher Hart in 1887 raised a significant number of
puzzles which were are still researching. The first is the illegitimate
birth of Edmee to Marion Greatorex .
We are fortunate to know from sources
including the will of Alfred Richards that the father of Edmee was
Alfred Bate Richards. He married Emma Gaggiotti .
Alfred Bate Richards( 1820- 1876) came
from a wealthy family in Worcestershire and was educated at Westminster
School and Exeter College Oxford. He was a barrister and also editor of the
Daily Telegraph and London Morning Advertiser. He died of cancer of the
colon and his daughter Edmee was present.
In his will he bequeathed property and
belongings to Marion Seward Greatorex and named his children including Edmee.
In the 1881 Census there are records of
his children as boarders.
This story and further relationships is
very complex because in 1886 Edmee had a child called Marion Constance
Minnie Richards. The father was named as Percy Richards Music Critique.
.
This address is important as is the name
of the witness at the birth. The address was that of Aaron Hart and the
witness at the birth was given as A Hart (was this Aaron, Asher or Amelia?0.
One year later in 1887 Edmee married
Napthali Asher Hart MD son of Aaron Hart/Rebecca Hart nee Crawcour.
In 1884 however, Edmee was also
supposed to have given birth to Kitty Edmee Richards ( on Kitty's marriage
certificate it gives the name of her father as James Richards).
In the 1901 Census Kitty was living with
Henry and Amelia Hart and her place of birth was named as Bloomsbury.
Interestingly, the Bloomsbury address was that of Henry and Amelia in the
1881 Census.
We have confirmation from a relative
that Kitty and Marion were brought up by Amelia and Henry but that Kitty was
adopted by them.
There are records of the art works of
Alfred Bate Richards wife Emma in major museums including Osborne House.
The marriage certificate of Alfred Bate
Richards and Emma Gaggiotti shows:
Ernest Hart ( father of Constance Hart)
In the 1881 Census Ernest Hart is
recorded as being born in 1867 St Pancras. In 1901 he is recorded in the
census as living at Holland Park with his wife Adelaide 28 and daughter
Constance age 12 b St Pancras. He is given as a Turf Accountant. He is also
recorded in the London Telephone Directory 1900 as Ernest Hart and Co Turf
Accountants- Haymarket.
However, on the marriage certificate of
Constance (1910) he is recorded as a Licensed Victualler. He is supposed to
have left for South Africa circa 1900s. There is no family record of what
happened to him.
Family of Elly Isaac Miller and
Charlotte Miller nee Crawcour
The 1901 Census records:
28 Dyne Road Willesden North Kilburn
Middx
Elly I Miller 57 Dealer in antiques b
London City
Lottie A Miller wife 42 b Kensington
Hugh Miller son 19 furniture shop
assistant b Paddington
Frank Miller son 18 U dealer in antiques
b Paddington
The Courlander family came from Courland Latvia
in what was at the time part of the Empire of Russia. The naturalisation
papers for Norton and Louis Courlander ( two brothers) give in the case of
Norton information about their parents plus their surname- Father Styia;
mother Fage Schactnowich. There was also another brother . A reference to
Alexander Beider Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from the Russian Empire also
exists. The two brothers settled in England circa 1870s.
The 1881 British Census shows that
Norton was married to Amelia Wulfson (daughter of Leah Wulfson nee Hart and
Herman Wulfson). Louis was married to Gertrude Hart (daughter of Aaron Hart
and Rebecca Hart nee Crawcour). Norton and Louis were to trade as jewelers
although in 1881 Louis is recorded as being a South African Merchant. The
third brother Henry Courlander also married.
Norton was to settle in Kingston upon Thames and
had his own shops similarly Louis settled in Croydon.
Norton was the Mayor of Kingston Upon Thames
Richmond in 1931
Various Sources of Information-
The Ellis Island Records show that Herman
Courlander arrived in New York 1895 age 44 and that Kathleen Leah Courlander
age 28 from Richmond arrived 1923.
BURIAL SITES
The Jewish Genealogical Society website data
base includes references to the various burials at the West London Synagogue
cemetery.
Various Courlander burial plots include:
Norton Courlander Hoop Lane Row 48 No12 1936
Vivienne Carol Mary Courlander Hoop lane Row 13
No 32 age 2 months buried 30th June 1918
MILITARY SERVICE
There are at present two references to
military service for Boer War 1899-1904
Private H. L. Courlander Cape Town
Highlanders
Private L .Courlander Cape Town Highlanders
LATVIAN SOURCES
In the Latvian Records there are Courland
Enlistment Registers and Family Lists ( 184-1874) which record information
for: Feige Schachnowitz in 1871 and Itiz Schachnowitz. Itiz in 1855 is
recorded as being without lawful permit.
We have no way of knowing whether or not these
people are related in any way but importantly the Enlistment Registers for
service in the Russian army were one major reason for many young men leaving
Courland and other parts of the Russian Empire. They did not wish to either
enlist or be conscripted and sought a new life overseas.
DERIVATION OF NAME
The derivation of the Schactnowich name appears from
information from Beider to come from the given name SCHAKHNO or SHAKHNA ( 'shakhne'
in Yiddish). The traditional Hebrew form of this given name is 'shakhnoa'. The
origin is uncertain but might come from the Biblical name ' shkhanjob' (
Ezra 8:3). Variants of this given name Shakhner ( Germanised form)-
Schakhernovich, Schakhernarovich.
| Crawcour Family |
The origins of the Crawcour name include those
from Britain and France (see Megan Crawcour website for a fuller account
and also the extract from the Murray Crawcour book). However, from our
own family research the Crawcour relatives were originally from Poland.
This is supported in part by some of their marriages which were
according to the German/Polish Jewish rites.
Our family links commence with Samuel Crawcour (
1736- 1813) and his arrival in this country. We do not know when he
arrived. We also believe that he may have been married twice- once
before he arrived and then after he settled.
Our records show that he was an
apothecary/dentist working in Norwich, Norfolk, England. There is a copy
of his apothecary record kept by one of our distant relatives.
On his death he was buried in Norwich
Jewish Cemetery. His son Barnett is also buried there.
We do not know if he had any children from his
first marriage but we have information regarding his children in this
country (see copy of Crawcour Family
tree). His children were:
HART/CRAWCOUR MARRIAGES
The Hart/Crawcour line of descent comes from the
marriage of Aaron Hart to Rebecca Crawcour in 1840. Rebecca was the
daughter of David Crawcour and Amelia Barnes. Her marriage certificate
shows that she was a minor and Aaron Hart of full age. In the 1851
Census return Aaron is given as being 40 years old and Rebecca 28 years.
This would indicate that she was born circa 1823 and was 17 when she
married.
Another line of descent comes from the marriage of Abraham Crawcour ( widower) to Kate Rebecca Hart. Kate (real name Catherine) was the daughter of John Hart ( tailor) and Elizabeth Hart nee Jacobs.
There appear to be no children from the marriage of Abraham and Kate. Kate re- married to Lionel C Goldsmid Captain Mercantile Marine.
There is another interesting Hart/Crawcour
relationship from the marriage of Abraham and Kate. One of the daughters
of Lewin and Maria Crawcour namely Charlotte Rebecca Crawcour was to
marry Elly Isaac Miller in 1880. One of their sons Hugh Miller
married Kitty Hart in 1910( Katherine Edmee Richards). Kitty ( also
spelt Kittie) was the adopted daughter of Henry and Amelia Hart .
TRADE DIRECTORY RECORDS
In the 1823 Pigots London
Trade Directory
There two references to Crawcours- David
Crawcour dentist 2 Fountain Place City Road
Jno. Crawcour - grocer- 8
Commercial Road St.George East
In the 1852 London Trade Directory there are the
following references to Crawcours:
L. Crawcour and Co. Upholsters etc 7 Queens
Buildings Knightsbridge.
This is Lewin Crawcour son of Abraham Crawcour.
In the latter part of the 19th Century and early
20th Century there are several references in the Times to the bankruptcy
of the firm.
David Crawcour dentist 14 Windsor Place City
Road.
David Crawcour with his wife Amelia was to leave
London for Jersey and stay there until their deaths. The reason for
their move comes from the possible trial and imprisonment of their son
Aaron Hart for stealing gold bullion. Full details of the trial and also
the part David Crawcour played can be seen in the Times account of the
trial dated.
Henry Crawcour Hardware
Dealer 61 St Johns Street
Henry John Crawcour surgeon
dentist 86 Old Gravel Lane
Samuel Crawcour surgeon
dentist 6 North Addington Place Camberwell
1899 London Trade
Directory
Lewin Crawcour and Co - cabinet makers 176
Tottenham Court Road
Charles Edward Crawcour-
confectioner- 58 Red Lion Street
Mrs. Lucy Crawcour-
apartments- 71 Gower Street
1841 Census
14 Windsor Place City Road Finsbury- Parish of
St Luke
David Crawcour 50 dentist
Amelia Crawcour 40
Henry Crawcour 15
1 servant
1881 Census
David Crawcour Head W 88 retired dentist b
England
David Crawcour grandson M 32 Jeweler electro
plate b St Helier Jersey
Minnie Crawcour grand dau M 32 b St Helier
Jersey
Amelia Crawcour gt grand dau U 9 scholar b St
Helier Jersey
David Henry Crawcour gt grandson U 5 b St Helier
Jersey
1 lodger
Living at 47 New Street St Helier Jersey Channel
Islands
Under 1891 London Census
Lewin Crawcour 62 - house
furnisher
Maria J Crawcour- wife-60
91 Warrington Crescent Paddington
1901 Census
Walter Crawcour 41 b Belgravia Commission Agent
Paddington
A.J. Crawcour female-45 no
birth details- Lunatic Ayslum, London
Lucy A Crawcour- wife- 39 b
Essenden Rutland house furnisher- employer
Walter Cox U 22- nephew- manager b Higham
Ferrers
living St. Giles in the Fields
Mary Crawcour 28 b Leics
Nurse for the insane
Herbert Crawcour 48 b London
Boarder- Higham Ferrers Northants
Walter L Crawcour Head-
single 41 Commission Merchant b London Belgravia
Arthur L Crawcour brother 39
single- Furniture dealer-worker b Kensington
2 servants
146 Saundersdale Mansions Paddington Maida Vale
Henry William Partridge
-Head- M 35 House Servant b Warwick Leamington
Elizabeth Partridge wife -35 - b Warwick
Stourbridge
Henry William Partridge -son- 10 b Leamington
William Alton Partridge-son- 8 b Leamington
Norman Colin Partridge -son- 2 b Leamington
DAVID HENRY CRAWCOUR -grandson- 25 -
Photographer
b St Helier
Living at 19 Newbold Street Leamington Spa
MOVEMENT OF CRAWCOUR FAMILY FROM JERSEY
TO SOUTH AFRICA
( For a full account of the move that the
Crawcour family had from St Helier to South Africa see Megan Crawcour-
One family website-).
NEWS PAPER SOURCES OF
CRAWCOUR INFORMATION:
PALMER'S INDEX TO THE TIMES
1790-1905
In the Index there are some 20 specific
references to Crawcour' s being involved in civil and criminal actions
from 1811- 1904. The first case dated 2nd March 1811 specifies no first
name but is Crawcour v Waterhouse- civil action. There are also
references to Samuel Crawcour for stealing 7th August 1838; bankruptcy
court- Isaac Crawcour 11th July 1850; Aaron Crawcour - stealing-
criminal trial 14th July 1853; S W Crawcour- bankruptcy 4th August 1869;
criminal trials- Herbert Crawcour for perjury- 4th August 1880 and
various civil and bankruptcy actions- the last involving Samuel Crawcour
2nd December 1896 and Lewin Crawcour and Co 24th August 1904
UNITED STATES INFORMATION- CENSUS RETURNS
United States 1880 Census
New Orleans Louisiana
This census records the household of I. L.
Crawcour 54 physician b England
M Crawcour wife 42 b LA
Sarah Crawcour dau 21 b LA
3 servants
I.L. Crawcour is one of the sons of Abraham
Crawcour.
CRAWCOUR WILLS 1835- 1890
Abraham Crawcour 8th March 1872 4 Foulis Terrace
Onslow Square Brompton Middlesex
Bequests to his wife Catherine ( known as Kate);
to his sons Dr Isaac Lionel Crawcour New Orleans- Lewin Crawcour; to his
grandsons Herbert Crawcour and Walter Crawcour ( sons of Lewin). Lewin
was in partnership with his father in the business of cabinet
and upholstery manufacturers at 73 and 75 Brompton road Middlesex and no
12 Sloane Street Chelsea.
John Isaac Crawcour 50 Cirencester Street
Westbourne Square Paddington , Middlesex 1st March 1890
Bequests to: Robert Johnston ( sole
executor); George Ward; the 5 children of his sister Mrs. Helen Semira
Crawcour or Wilkie 6 Benn Street Sydney Road Homerton London-
William John Edward Wilkie; Ellen Margaret Wilkie; Edward John Wilkie;
George Wilkie; Charles Edward Wilkie; to his sister Helen Semira
Crawcour or Wilkie
There are also the wills of
Barnet Crawcour and Isaac Crawcour. In the case of Barnet.........
TRIAL OF AARON CRAWCOUR
In any family search you come across
fascinating history. As a dramatic example, the trial of Aaron Crawcour
for theft and the involvement of his father David Crawcour is of
particular note. The Times article dated July 13th 1853 gives full
description of the events leading to the arrest and trial at Winchester
Crown Court of Aaron Crawcour.
He was indicted for the theft on the
high seas of 48lb of gold and gold dust the property of W. Pentreath and
W.C. Kenrick.
Aaron was accused of stealing in
partnership with the second mate of the ship Lady Flora a quantity of
gold and gold dust. It was stated that Aaron came on board the
ship in Melbourne in a 'state of great destitution'. On arrival at Rio the captain received a report that Aaron Crawcour was seen with gold
dust and was later found buying jewels. On searching the storeroom the
captain discovered that a quantity of gold had been taken.
Aaron was arrested and taken to the
British Consul in Rio. He was then placed aboard a ship to return to
England but then asked permission to go ashore on his promise that he
would return to the ship.
He did not return. It appears that
he went to New York and Philadelphia. A detective was employed to
monitor the house of Aaron's father David Crawcour dentist 14 Windsor
Terrace City Road.
The detective watched the house and
finally saw Aaron come out of the house. Following a search of the
premises a substantial amount of money in bills of exchange totaling
over �1300 was discovered plus jewels. David Crawcour was also found to
have cashed in some of the bills for his son.
Aaron was found guilty and sentenced
to 2 years imprisonment with hard labour.
It was on the basis of this trial
plus his own involvement that made David leave London and settle in
Jersey.
It is also interesting to note that
Aaron went to America because this is where he had relations living.
Whether or not he met up with them we do not know.
Currently, we have no information as
to what happened to Aaron.
DAVID CRAWCOUR
Earliest information on the address
of David Crawcour was found in the Records of the Sun Fire Office-
Policy register 19th June 1817
David Crawcour gent 44 Plumbers
Street City Road
1851 Census
Amelia Crawcour 14 Windsor Place Saint Luke Middlesex - father Henry Crawcour Miscellaneous Dealer; mother Rosa Crawcour formerly Isaacs
Dec 1837 Samuel Crawcour Southwark 4 93
David Crawcour 26th Nov 1847 2 Prior Place East Street Newington- father Isaac Crawcour tobacconist; mother- Esther Crawcour formerly Cashmore
Various Crawcour Deaths
Amelia Barnes 78 1st August 1870 Dropsy -32 Burrard Street St Helier Jersey wife of Mr David Crawcour - ( informant David Crawcour same address)
David Crawcour 91 Dentist -brain haemorrage - 26th May 1882 -47 New Street St Helier Jersey -informant D. Crawcour ( same address)
Other Crawcour family connections:
| Kirby Family |
The Kirby/Hart
connection originates with the marriage of George Kirby to Laura Eliza
Reece in 1880.
However, George Kirby was a widower and we have traced his earlier marriage to Eliza Dove. The children from this first marriage were: Charles Kirby b 18th October 1861 21 Sutherland Terrace Kings Cross; Isabella Bertha Kirby b 28th December 1867; William George Kirby b 24th December 1869. The last two children were born at 50 Caledonian Road. Eliza died of typhoid fever.
George
Kirby was a fishmonger and appears in the 18 London Trade Directory.
When
he married Laura Reece they had several children:
On
his marriage George was a retired fishmonger but by 1891 he was a
licensed victualler at the Cock, Enfield. He died in 18 age
.
LONDON
CENSUS RETURNS 1871-1901
In
the 1901 London Census Laura was living by independent means with:
Albert
Kirby son
1871 Census 1871
50
Caledonian Road
George
Kirby head Married 34 fishmonger b Bookham Surrey
Eliza
Kirby wife 33 b Diss Norfolk
Charles
Kirby son 9 b 50 Caledonian Road
William
G Kirby son 1 b 50 Caledonian Road
Isabel
dau 3 b 50 Caledonian Road
KIRBY/REECE/STOVELL MARRIAGES
The
marriage of Laura shows her father to be Edward Reece Stationmaster. Her
birth certificate records in 185
Mother-
Eliza Reece formerly Piper; Her father William Piper cooper. Father Edward Reece Station porter- his father Edward Reece- .
The Family search website records the marriage in 183 of a Charles Kirby to
Diana Stovel and the baptism of George Kirby at Bookham Surrey.
The
marriage certificate and census returns for George Kirby show his birth
as Bookham Surrey. The marriage certificate between George and
Eliza and also Laura give George's father as Charles Kirby coach
builder.
In
the case of Diana Stovel if it is confirmed that she and Charles Kirby
are the parents of George Kirby then there pedigree trees recorded on
the Family search website with the names of her parents- Diana Stovel and
Stovel.
| Solomon Family |
Our branch of the Solomon family are descended from Jacob Solomon and Sarah Phillips, whose relocation from Exeter to Houndsditch in the East of London is well documented not only by Rabbi Susser, but also in the history of �The John Grey Drum Company�.
The history of the offspring of this couple demonstrates the general movement of Jews in this period, from the East of London to the more extravagant addresses in the expanding West End. Henry Solomon, for example, married a daughter of Nathan Adler and is recorded living in Inverness Terrace.
Of particular interest to us is Jacob�s son Josiah Solomon, who married Bella Hart, the daughter of Henry Hart. This is the marriage that brings together the 2 families. Indeed, as Henry Hart is also a direct ancestor of the wives of both of the Courlander brothers, it also ties in this family.
Just to round things off, and to demonstrate another well documented habit of that period, the grand-daughter of Josiah and Bell, Maud Phillips, married a son of one of these Courlanders.
| Wulfson/Jacobson/Shoaps Families |
The links between the Wulfson/Jacobson/Hart/ Courlander
families originates from the marriage of Leah Hart to Herman Wulfson. Later,
Amelia Wulfson married Norton Courlander. Also, Annie Courlander the
daughter of Gertrude Courlander nee Hart and Louis Courlander married Levy
Jacobson.
The current information we have on the
Wulfson/Jacobson families is not large.
CENSUS RETURNS 1861- 1901
The 1861 Census shows:
Living at 98 Stock Street
Betsy Shoops Head -widow- 45 b Germany
Margaret? dau U 16 b Nottingham
Joseph son 12 b Nottingham
Sophia dau 9 b Manchester Lancs
Sarah Wulfson Mother Widow 70 b Russia
Henry Shoops son U 8 b Manchester Lancs
William Wulfson son U 30 Jeweler b Russia
Paulina Wulfson dau U 24 b Russia
In the 1871 Census Leah Wulfson is living at 18
Houndsditch age 38 and a widow. She was a general dealer. Her children-
Amelia 11; Joseph L 10; Albert N 8; Fredericka 7; Alice E 4; Beatrice J 2
;all born Lancashire Manchester are with Leah plus her nephew Jacob Shoaps
Unmarried 21 assistant in business.
The 1881 Census shows Rose
Wulfson Head widow 50 b Birmingham
Betsy Shoaps sister in law
widow 60 BS Russia
Joseph Shoaps Nephew U 32 b Nottingham Wholesale
jeweler
Jacob Shoaps Nephew U 30 Wholesale
jeweler
Henry Shoaps Nephew U 28 b Manchester Wholesale
Jeweler
+ 2 servants all living at 149 York street
Cheetham Lancashire
In the following census extract Levy
Jacobson (later to marry Annie Courlander -1902) is listed:
1881 Census
45 Red Bank Manchester
Jacob Jacobson Head grocer M 36 b Poland
Rachael Jacobson wife M 35 b Poland
Barnet Jacobson son 13 b Old Hartlepool
Henry Jacobson son 11 b Old Hartlepool
Levy Jacobson son 8 b Manchester
There is a website detailing members of the
Shoaps/Wulfson family members produced by Jenny Ralph:
"We are fortunate in discovering that
the Greater Manchester Archives hold several photographs of the Jacobson
families. These photographs were donated by Mrs. V Gould nee Steel from
Edgbaston Birmingham in 1983. They show Sally ( Sarah) Jacobson nee Brown
her husband Bert Jacobson with family friends the Frank and Steel families
August 1914 Whitby. Other photos include Sally Jacobson with Leah Steel in
Vichy May 1924 and Annie Jacobson with Leah Steel and Grandpa
Kurlander at the Manor House Stenning Sussex ( no date ).
| London Jews C18 |
There were approximately 8000-10000
Ashkenazi Jews living in London during the late 18th Century. They were mainly
from Germany and Holland.. They attended two main synagogues- The Great
Synagogue ( founded 1690s)and the Hambro synagogue (founded 1704). The
Jews were not orthodox and did not eat kosher meat and few read Hebrew. The
relationship between the two synagogues was initially poor but in 1761 members
from both synagogues met. It was agreed that both groups had outgrown their
premises and a third place of worship should be established.
Bricklayer's Hall (or Buckler's Hall)
Leadenhall street was purchased. This site became the New Synagogue and
included the burial ground North Street, later Brady Street.
Details of the Chief Rabbi for the Great
synagogue can be found in Shemot March 2004 Vol 12 No 1.