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Version of 12 June 1998
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03-10225, Focke-Wulf
       Projected long-range bomber, a twin-boom design with four 1600hp
       BMW 801D engines. Speed 580km/h, range 9050km with 3000kg of
       bombs, defensive armament four 30mm, one 20mm, four 15mm and
       four 13mm guns. Not built. 
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A.1, Alter 
       The Alter A.1 was a biplane, strongly inspired by the French
       {Nieuport 11}. It was rejected as inadequately robust.
       Type: A I
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110hp Goebel Goe II
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 510kg
       Speed: 177km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Ae.607, Blohm und Voss
       Project for a jet fighter, 1945. The Ae.607 design had a flat
       fuselage, swept wings and no tail. The jet engines were fed
       by an oval nose intake. The cockpit was placed left of the
       centreline. Wing span 7.09m; armed with three 30mm cannon.
A.E.G. B I
       Reconnaissance biplane. 100hp Mercedes engine, 1914.
A.E.G. B II
       Refined {A.E.G. B I}, smaller and more maneuvrable. It was
       of minor importance, few being used by combat units.
       Type: B II
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 80kW Mercedes
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
A.E.G. B III
       Development of the {A.E.G. B II}.
A.E.G. C I
       Armed version of the {A.E.G. B II}.
       Type: C I
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 112kW Benz Bz III
       Speed: 130km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
A.E.G. C II
       Smaller derivative of the {A.E.G. C I}.
       Type: C II
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 112kW Benz Bz III
       Speed: 138km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
A.E.G. C III
       The {A.E.G. C III} reconnaissance biplane had a deep fuselage
       that completely filled the gap between the upper and lower wings.
       Unsuccessful. 1915.
A.E.G. C IV
       Reconnaissance biplane that served until 1918. It was a development
       of the {A.E.G. C II} with a larger wing span. The C IV was extremely
       robust and very reliable. The C IVN was a night bomber.
       Type: C IV
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Speed: 158km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 4h
       Armament: 2*mg b90kg
A.E.G. C V
       Version of the {A.E.G. C IV} with 164kW Mercedes engine. One built.
A.E.G. C VI
       Reconnaissance biplane. 149kW Benz Bz IV engine.
A.E.G. C VII
       Reconnaissance biplane. 119kW Mercedes D III engine.
A.E.G. C VIII
       Development of the {A.E.G. C IV}. One biplane and one triplane
       prototype. Powered by a 119kW Mercedes D III engine.
A.E.G. D I
       Single-seat biplane fighter, flown in 1917. Production orders were
       cancelled after two prototypes crashed. Three built. 
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Daimler D IIIa
       Wing Span: 8.50m  Length: 6.10m  Height: 2.65m  Wing Area: 16.14m2
       Empty Weight: 685km/h  Max.Weight: 940kg
       Speed: 205km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
A.E.G. DJ I
       Armoured ground-attack fighter, 1918. The {A.E.G. DJ I} was a
       clean biplane constructed mainly of light alloys. Testing of
       three prototypes was underway when WWI ended. 
       Type: DJ I
       Function: fighter / attack
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 145kW Benz Bz IIIB
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 6.69m  Height: 3.00m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 1182kg  Max.Weight: 1375kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
A.E.G. Dr I
       Triplane development of the {A.E.G. D I} biplane. It performed
       poorly, and there was no production.
       Type: Dr I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Daimler D IIIa
       Wing Span: 9.40m  Length: 6.10m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 710kg  Max.Weight: 970kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
A.E.G. G I
       Bomber, powered by two 75kW Mercedes D I engines. It had a low
       performance.
A.E.G. G II
       Development of the {A.E.G. G I} with 112kW Benz Bz III engines.
       A few were used operationally.
A.E.G. G III
       Development of the {A.E.G. G II} with 164kW Mercedes D IV
       engines. Limited service use.
A.E.G. G IV
       Development of the {A.E.G. G III}. Twin-engined bomber, designed
       as a long-range bomber but employed mostly for tactical attacks,
       because of its inferiority to the Gotha and Friedrichshafen
       bombers. Approx 400 built.
       Type: G IV
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1916  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 191kW Mercedes D IVa
       Speed: 166km/h  Ceiling: 4000m  Range: 4h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg b350kg
A.E.G. G V
       Improved {A.E.G. G IV}. The G V appeared in 1918. Some were
       later used as passenger transports.
       Type: G V
       Function: bomber
       Year:   Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 260hp Mercedes D IVa
       Speed: 145km/h  Ceiling: 6500m  Range: 8h
       Armament: 2-3*mg
A.E.G. J I
       Ground support biplane, a development of the {A.E.G. C IV}. Used
       pending availability of purpose-designed army-cooperation aircraft.
       Type: J I
       Function: attack
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 200hp Benz Bz IV
       Speed: 94mph  Ceiling: 14760ft  Range: 2h 30m
       Armament: 3*mg
A.E.G. J II
       Development of the {A.E.G. J I} with redesigned control surfaces.
       Total production of J I and J II was 609. Some were later converted
       to airliners.
A.E.G. K I
       Renamed {A.E.G. G I}.
A.E.G. N I
       Single-engined night bombing biplane. 37 were built.
A.E.G. PE
       Single-seat armoured ground attack fighter. The PE was a
       triplane, built mainly of light alloys. It was rejected
       because it performance was insufficient for fighter-vs-fighter
       combat. One built.
       Type: PE
       Function: ground attack fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 195hp Benz Bz IIIb
       Wing Span: 11.20m  Length: 6.60m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 1182kg  Max.Weight: 1412kg
       Speed: 166km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
A.G.O. C I
       Biplane, with twin tail booms and a pusher engine.
A.G.O. C II
       Biplane with twin tail booms and a pusher engine. The C II was
       fast, maneuvrable, easy to fly and had a (for the time) very
       long range.
       Type: C II
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 160kW Benz Bz IV
       Speed: 135km/h  Ceiling: 4500m  Range: 580km
       Armament: 1*mg
A.G.O. C III
       Development of the {A.G.O. C II} with Mercedes D III engine.
       No production.
A.G.O. C IV
       Conventional biplane. The {A.G.O. C IV} was a good reconnaissance
       aircraft, but it wasn't built in quantity because of its complicated
       construction. 70 built.
       Type: C IV
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 164kW Benz Bz IV
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 4h
       Armament: 2*mg
A.G.O. C VII
       Development of the {A.G.O. C IV}. No production.
A.G.O. C VIII
       Version of the {A.G.O. C VII} with Mercedes D IV engine. No
       production.
A.G.O. DV 3
       Unarmed single-seat biplane. One built.
       Type: DV 3
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Oberursel Ur I
       Speed: 150km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
A.G.O. S I
       Single-seat ground attack aircraft.
Albatros B I
       Reconnaissance biplane. Sturdy construction was one of its 
       few advantages. 
       Type: B I
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1914  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 100hp Mercedes
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Albatros B II
       Biplane reconnaissance aircraft designed by E. Heinkel. After 1915
       the B II was used as trainer.
       Type: B II
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1914  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 75kW Mercedes
       Speed: 105km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 4h
       Armament:
Albatros C I
       Development of the {Albatros B II} with a more powerful engine
       and a gun for the observer.
       Type: C I
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 119kW Mercedes D III
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Albatros C II
       Pusher biplane. 150hp Benz Bz III engine. No production.
Albatros C III
       Reconnaissance biplane, development of the {Albatros B III}.
       Type: C III
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Speed: 141km/h  Ceiling: 3380m  Range: 4h
       Armament: 1-2*mg b90kg
Albatros C IV
       Development of the {Albatros C III} with redesigned wing.
       One built.
Albatros C V
       Complete redesign of the {Albatros C III}, with better streamlining
       and a more powerful, but troublesome, engine. Approx 400 built.
       Type: C V
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 220hp Mercedes
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling: 5180m  Range:
       Armament: 2*mg 180kg
Albatros C VII
       Development of the {Albatros C V}. An excellent aircraft that
       was in service until 1917.
       Type: C VII
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 200hp Benz Bz IV
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 3h 20m
       Armament: 2*mg
Albatros C VIII
       Long-range reconnaissance biplane.
       Type: C VIII
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 *
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Albatros C IX
       Curious two-seat reconnaissance biplane, with swept wings and
       no central struts. 1917. Three built.
Albatros C X
       Reconnaissance biplane. 300 built.
       Type: C X
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 260hp Mercedes IVa
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 3h 25m
       Armament: 2*mg
Albatros C XII
       Reconnaissance biplane, a redesigned {Albatros C X} with a new
       fuselage, based on the elliptical fuselage of the Albatros D
       fighters. Performance was not improved.
       Type: C XII
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 260hp Mercedes IVa
       Speed: 176km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 3h 15m
       Armament: 2*mg
Albatros C XV
       Development of the {Albatros C XII}. 1918.
Albatros D I
       The D I was designed as a two-gun fighter. The Albatros D fighters
       had streamlined, drop-shaped fuselages and powerful liquid-cooled
       engines. The D I and the {Albatros D II} won the air superiority
       back from the {D.H.2} and {Nieuport 17}. 50 built before production
       switched to the D II.
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 8.50m  Length: 7.40m  Height: 2.95m  Wing Area: 22.90m2
       Empty Weight: 645kg  Max.Weight: 898kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling: 17000ft  Range: 1h 30min
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Albatros D II
       Development of the {Albatros D I} with improved forward vision.
       Type: D II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Daimler D III
       Wing Span: 8.50m  Length: 7.40m  Height: 2.59m  Wing Area: 24.50m2
       Empty Weight: 637kg  Max.Weight: 888kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Albatros D III
       The Albatros fighters gained the air superiority for the Germans
       in the 1916-1917 period. They were biplanes with streamlined
       fuselages and powerful liquid-cooled engines. The D III had a
       new wing with V-struts instead of the conventional paired struts
       of the {Albatros D I} and {Albatros D II}. Although performance
       was improved, the wing proved to be a weak point, and numerous
       D.IIIs were lost when the wing structure failed. 446 built.
       Type: D III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180hp Mercedes D IIIa
       Wing Span: 9.04m  Length: 7.33m  Height: 2.98m  Wing Area: 20.50m2
       Empty Weight: 661kg  Max.Weight: 886kg
       Speed: 165km/h  Ceiling: 5500m  Range: 2h
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Albatros D IV
       Development of the {Albatros D III} with a geared engine and new
       wings. No production.
Albatros D V
       The D V was an improved {Albatros D III}, but in fact its
       performance had improved only marginally. The D V did not
       have to superiority over its adversaries that the D III had
       enjoyed, and had the same problems weak wing construction.
       Quantity production tried to compensate this. 
       Type: D V
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180hp Mercedes IIIa
       Wing Span: 9.04m  Length: 7.33m  Height: 2.70m  Wing Area: 21.20m2
       Empty Weight: 687kg  Max.Weight: 937kg
       Speed: 185km/h  Ceiling: 20000ft  Range: 2hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Albatros D VI
       The D VI seemed to be a step back, because this fighter was was a
       twin-boom pusher biplane. It was flown only once before it was
       abandoned.
       Type: D VI
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180hp Daimler D IIIa
       Wing Span: 9.80m  Length: 7.75m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 638kg  Max.Weight: 880kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*g20mm 1*mg7.92mm
Albatros D VII
       This was similar to earlier Albatros fighters, but powered by the
       195hp Benz Bz IIIb engine. The performance was not enough improved
       for further development. One built.
       Type: D VII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 195hp Benz Bz IIIb
       Wing Span: 9.32m  Length: 6.61m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 630kg  Max.Weight: 885kg
       Speed: 204km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Albatros D IX
       The D IX had wings similar to those of the {Albatros D VII},
       but the fuselage was new, with flat sides and bottom. It had
       insufficient performance; development was halted.
       Type: D IX
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180hp Daimler D IIIa
       Wing Span: 10.40m  Length: 6.65m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 677kg  Max.Weight: 897kg
       Speed: 155km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Albatros D X
       The D X was similar to the {Albatros D IX}, but powered by a
       Benz engine. Prototypes only.
       Type: D X
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 195hp Benz Bz IIIbo
       Wing Span: 9.84m  Length: 6.18m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 666kg  Max.Weight: 905kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Albatros D XI
       Two built. The D XI was a biplane fighter with a rotation engine,
       breaking the Albatros tradition of liquid-cooled engines. It also
       dispensed with wire wing bracing, having single I struts between
       the wings. Two built. 
       Type: D XI
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Siemens-Halske
       Wing Span: 8.00m  Length: 5.58m  Height:   Wing Area: 18.5m2
       Empty Weight: 494kg  Max.Weight: 723kg
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Albatros D XII
       Biplane fighter. The D XII used a fuselage similar to that of
       the {Albatros D X}. It flew with Daimler and BMW engines. One
       built.
       Type: D XII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180hp Daimler D IIIa
       Wing Span: 8.20m  Length: 5.87m  Height:   Wing Area: 19.84m2
       Empty Weight: 580kg  Max.Weight: 760kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1hrs
       Armament: 
Albatros Dr I
       Triplane fighter, using an {Albatros D V} fuselage and new wings.
       It offered no advantage over the D V, and was abandoned. 1917.
Albatros Dr II
       Triplane fighter, based on the {Albatros D X}, with new wings.
       One built.
       Type: Dr II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 145kW Benz IVB
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 6.18m  Height:   Wing Area: 26.6m2 
       Empty Weight: 676kg  Max.Weight: 915kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Albatros G I
       Prototype only.
       Type: G I
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1916  Crew:   Engines: 4 *
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Albatros G II
       Smaller development of the {Albatros G I}. Few built.
       Type: G II
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1916  Crew:   Engines: 2 * 110kW Benz
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Albatros G III
       Twin-engined medium bomber, developed from the {Albatros G II}.
       Few built.
Albatros J I
       The J I used the wings of the {Albatros C XII} with a new,
       armoured fuselage. It was a popular ground-attack aircraft
       towards the end of WWI.
       Type: J I
       Function: attack
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 150kW Benz Bz IV
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 2h 30m
       Armament: 3*mg
Albatros J II
       Improved {Albatros J I}. Few built.
Albatros W 2
       Naval fighter development of the {Albatros C III}. One built.
Albatros W 4
       A floatplane development of the {Albatros D II}. 128 built.
       They were active until the last months of WWI.
       Type: W 4
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 9.50m  Length: 8.26m  Height: 3.65m  Wing Area: 31.60m2
       Empty Weight: 790kg  Max.Weight: 1070kg
       Speed: 161km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 3h
       Armament: 2*mg
Albatros W 5
       Twin-engined torpedo bomber seaplane. 1917.
Albatross, Grumman HU-16
       The H{U-16} is an US-built search-and-rescue amphibian. Eight
       were in German service.
Alouette II, Aerospatiale SA 314 and SA 318
       The {Alouette II} is a small French observation and utility
       helicopter. Germany is one of its many users.
An-26, Antonov
       Twelve ex-DDR Antonov {An-26} transport aircraft continue in
       service with the forces of the reunited Germany.
Alpha Jet, Dornier/Dassault-Breguet
       French/German jet trainer and strike aircraft. That is, the
       French version is a trainer, and the German one is primarly
       a strike aircraft, replacing the Fiat {G.91}. The Alpha Jet
       is a twin-engined aircraft with a high-set, moderately swept
       wing. 
       Type: Alpha Jet A
       Function: trainer / strike
       Year: 1977  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 1350kg SNECMA/Turbomeca Lazrac O4-C5
       Wing Span: 9.11m  Length: 13.23m  Height: 4.33m  Wing Area: 17.50m2
       Empty Weight: 3515kg  Max.Weight: 8000kg
       Speed: M0.86  Ceiling: 15000m  Range: 2780km
       Armament: 1*g27mm 2500kg
Ar 64, Arado
       Single-seat biplane fighter of mixed construction, developed
       from the {Arado SD II} and {Arado SD III}. Most producted
       aircraft had a Siemens-built Jupiter radial engine, in geared
       or ungeared versions. There was a small production for the
       then-illegal German air force.
       Type: Ar 64
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1930  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 395kW Siemens Jupiter VI
       Wing Span: 9.90m  Length: 7.82m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 1245kg  Max.Weight: 1670kg
       Speed: 250km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Ar 65, Arado
       Biplane fighter, introduced in 1931 and used alongside the radial-
       engined {Ar 64}. The Luftwaffe got 85 of them, and did give 12 to
       Bulgaria in 1937. 
       Type: Ar 65e
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1933  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 550kW BMW VI 7.3
       Wing Span: 11.20m  Length: 8.40m  Height: 3.42m  Wing Area: 30.00m2
       Empty Weight: 1510kg  Max.Weight: 1930kg
       Speed: 300km/h  Ceiling: 7600m  Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Ar 66, Arado
       The Ar 66 equipped flying schools from 1933 until into WWII.
       Over 6000 were built, maybe even 10000. Some were used as night
       harassments bombers on the eastern front.
       Type: Ar 66C
       Function: trainer / liaison
       Year: 1933  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 180kW Argus As10C
       Speed: 210km/h  Ceiling: 4500m  Range: 715km
       Armament:
Ar 67, Arado
       Biplane fighter. The Ar 67 was smaller than the {Ar 65}, and
       was powered by a Rolls-Royce Kestrel engine. The {Ar 68} was
       preferred. One built.
       Type: AR 67
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1933  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 640hp Rolls-Royce Kestrel VI
       Wing Span: 9.68m  Length: 7.90m  Height: 3.10m  Wing Area: 25.06m2
       Empty Weight: 1270kg  Max.Weight: 1660kg
       Speed: 340km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Ar 68, Arado
       The last biplane fighter of the Luftwaffe. The Ar 68 partly
       replaced the {He 51}, but was not a very good fighter. It was
       just much better than the mediocre He 51. During WWII they
       were used as trainers, and a few operated a short period as
       night fighters.
       Type: Ar 68E-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1935  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 510kW Junkers Jumo 210Da
       Wing Span: 11.00m  Length: 9.50m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 1600kg  Max.Weight: 2020kg
       Speed: 335km/h  Ceiling: 8100m  Range: 500km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm 6*b10kg
Ar 76, Arado
       The Ar 76 was a lightweight home-defence fighter and advanced
       trainer. Few were built, preference being given to the {Fw 56}.
       Type: Ar 76A
       Function: fighter / trainer
       Year: 1935  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 150kW Argus As 10C-1
       Speed: 267km/h  Ceiling: 6400m  Range:
       Armament: 1-2*mg7.9mm 3*b10kg
Ar 79, Arado
       Low-wing cabin monoplane.
       Type: Ar 79
       Function: liaison
       Year: 1938  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 80kW Hirth HM 504A-2
       Speed: 230km/h  Ceiling: 4500m  Range: 1025km
       Armament:
Ar 80, Arado
       Single-seat fighter, a monoplane with fixed landing gear.
       Production aircraft would have had retractable landing gear.
       The Ar 80 had a disappointing performance, and the Luftwaffe
       preferred the {Bf 109}. Five built.
       Type: Ar 80V3
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1934  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 440kW Junkers Jumo 210C
       Wing Span: 11.80m  Length: 10.10m  Height: 2.95m  Wing Area: 21.00m2
       Empty Weight: 1645kg  Max.Weight: 2100kg
       Speed: 425km/h  Ceiling: 10000m  Range: 600km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Ar 81, Arado
       Biplane dive bomber with a better performance than the
       early {Ju 87}, but at that time biplanes were considered
       obsolete. Three built.
       Type: Ar 81V3
       Function: dive bomber
       Year: 1935  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 470kW Junkers Jumo 210Ca
       Speed: 345km/h  Ceiling: 7700m  Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 1*b250kg
Ar 95, Arado
       The Ar 95 began life as a torpedo-bomber floatplane. It was a
       biplane powered by a radial engine, with exception of he V2
       prototype which had a Junkers Jumo 210Ca engine. Three were
       sent to Spain, but too late to enter combat; the Spanish used
       them until 1948. The Luftwaffe did not adopt the Ar 95, but
       some aircraft built for Turkey were seized at the outbreak of
       war. 
       Type: Ar 95A-1
       Function: reconnaissance / torpedo-bomber
       Year: 1936  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 650kW BMW 132 Dc
       Wing Span: 12.50m  Length: 11.10m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 3570kg
       Speed: 300km/h  Ceiling: 7300m  Range: 1095km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 700kg
Ar 96, Arado
       Advanced trainer monoplane. At least 11546 built during WWII, and
       production continued in Czechoslovakia until 1948.
       Type: Ar 96B-5
       Function: trainer / liaison
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 360kW Argus As 10MA-1
       Speed: 330km/h  Ceiling: 7000m  Range: 990km
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm
Ar 195, Arado
       This was a development of the {Ar 95} with wheeled landing gear,
       for carrier use. The biplane design was obsolete, and only
       three were built. 
       Type: Ar 195
       Function: reconnaissance / torpedo bomber
       Year: 1937  Crew:   Engines: 1 * BMW 132M
       Wing Span: 12.50m  Length: 10.50m  Height: 3.60m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 3745kg
       Speed: 282km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Ar 196, Arado
       The Ar 196 was a low-wing floatplane designed as shipboard
       catapult aircraft. It was standard equipment on large German
       warships. Later a heavier version was produced for shore-based
       duties, both reconnaissance and anti-shipping operations. The
       Ar 196 was a reliable aircraft with good flying characteristics.
       546 were built. There was also a B-model, which had a large
       central floats instead of twin floats, but this was very rare.
       Type: Ar 196A-3
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1939  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 710kW BMW 132K
       Wing Span: 12.40m  Length: 11.00m  Height: 4.45m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 3730kg
       Speed: 310km/h  Ceiling: 7000m  Range: 1070km
       Armament: 3-2*mg7.9mm 2*g20mm 100kg
Ar 197, Arado
       Biplane fighter, a development of the {Ar 68} intended for use
       on aircraft carriers. The first prototypa had a DB 600 engine, the
       two others had a BMW 132 radial. There was no production, as the
       Ar 197 would have been totally obselete when the planned carriers
       were ready. 
       Type: Ar 197V3
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1937  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 880hp BMW 132Dc
       Wing Span: 11.00m  Length: 9.20m  Height: 3.60m  Wing Area: 27.8m2
       Empty Weight: 1840kg  Max.Weight: 2475kg
       Speed: 400km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 695km
       Armament: 2*g20mm 2*mg7.9mm 4*b50kg
Ar 198, Arado
       reconnaissance aircraft, a single-engined mid-wing design. The
       Luftwaffe initially preferred the Ar 198 over the unconventional
       {Fw 189} and {Bv 141}, but the type had disappointing handling
       and performance. Prototype only. 
Ar 231, Arado
       The Ar 231 was a small reconnaissance floatplane, build in easily
       detachable sections, to be stored on an U-boat. The Ar 231 was
       a parasol-wing design, but for easier storage the right wing
       was attached lower than the left wing, and the center section
       was angled. The Ar 231 could be stored in six minutes, but
       performance and handling were bad. Six built.
       Type: Ar 231V1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1941  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Hirth HM501
       Wing Span: 10.18m  Length: 7.81m  Height: 3.12m  Wing Area:
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 1050kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 500km
Ar 232, Arado
       Transport aircraft. The Ar 232 had a short fuselage with large aft
       loading doors; a slender boom carried the tail surfaces. It was
       known as 'Tausendfussler' (centipede) because of the multi-wheeled
       undercarriage used for loading; conventional tricycle landing gear
       was used for take-off and landing. 22 were built. The first two
       prototypes were twin-engined. 
       Type: Ar 232B-0
       Function: transport
       Year: 1942  Crew: 4-5  Engines: 4 * 880kW BMW-Bramo 323R-2 Fafnir
       Speed: 307km/h  Ceiling: 6900m  Range: 1335km
       Armament: 1*g20mm 2-3*mg13mm
       Load: 4580kg
Ar 234 Blitz, Arado
       The Ar 234 was the world's first jet bomber. It was a fairly 
       orthodox, but very clean, high-wing design with a fully glazed
       nose. The prototypes and A-series aircraft used a trolley for
       take-off and had ski landing gear, but later aircraft had a
       wheeled undercarriage. Because of its high speed, the Ar 234
       was the only German aircraft that could fly reconnaissance or
       bombing missions in 1945. A few were converted to nightfighters.
       Despite its high speed, most of the B-version aircraft had fixed,
       backward-firing 20mm cannon in the tail.The experimental Ar 234C
       had four engines. The Ar 234 was a very effective aircraft, but
       too late to have a large impact on the war. 274 built.
       Type: Ar 243B-2
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 900kg Junkers Jumo 004B
       Wing Span: 14.41m  Length: 12.64m  Height: 4.29  Wing Area: 26.40m2
       Empty Weight: 5200kg  Max Weight: 9800kg
       Speed: 740km/h  Ceiling: 10000m  Range: 1630km
       Armament: 2*g20mm 1500kg
Ar 240, Arado
       The Ar 240 was an angular twin-engined fighter and reconnaissance
       aircraft. It had good performance, but handling characteristics
       were unacceptably bad. The Arado factory never managed to cure
       the faults of the advanced Ar 240 twin-engined fighter. Some were
       nevertheless used by the Luftwaffe, but in all the Ar 240 was a
       waste of time and money. An unusual feature were the ducted
       spinners for the engine cooling, and two remote-controlled
       barbettes with four machine guns on some aircraft. 15 built.
       Type: Ar 240C-2
       Function: nightfighter
       Year: 1942  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 1300kW Daimler-Benz DB603A-2
       Wing Span: 16.60m  Length: 13.35m  Height: 3.95m  Wing Area: 35.00m2
       Empty Weight: 9253kg  Max.Weight: 12837kg
       Speed: 675km/h  Ceiling: 10500m  Range: 1870km
       Armament: 4*g20mm 4*mg13mm 1800kg
Ar 296, Arado
       Development of the {Ar 96}. Not built.
Ar 340, Arado
       Project for a high-altitude bomber. Abandoned in 1940.
Ar 381 Kleinstjager, Arado
       This was a project for a small rocket-propelled interceptor, with
       the pilotlying prone.
Ar 396, Arado
       Development of the {Ar 96}. Production continued in France after
       WWII.
       Type: Ar 396
       Function: trainer
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 425kW Argus As 411A-1
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Ar 432, Arado
       Mixed-contruction version of the {Ar 232}.
Ar 440, Arado
       Development of the {Ar 240}, abandoned on favour of the {Do 335}.
       Four built.
Arado SD.I
       Biplane fighter. 1928.
Arado SD.II
       Biplane fighter. 1929.
Arado SD.III
       Biplane fighter. 1929.
Arado SSD.I
       Seaplane version of the {SD.I}.
AT-2000, Daimler-Benz
       Design for an advanced supersonic jet trainer. The AT-2000 would
       use large amounts of composite construction, and be equipped with
       an advanced control system including thrust vectoring. 1996.
       Type: AT-2000
       Function: trainer
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * Eurojet EJ200
       Wing Span: 7.8m  Length: 13.19m  Height: 4.5m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: Mach 1.8  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Atlantic, Breguet
       The {Atlantic} is a French twin-engined ASW aircraft. Germany
       ordered 24.
Aviatik B I
       Unarmed reconnaissance biplane. The observer sat in the front
       cockpit. The observer often carried a pistol or rifle. Some were
       fitted with machineguns, but the observer had to leave his cockpit
       to fire it!
Aviatik B II
       Biplane reconnaissance aircraft. The observer sat in front of
       the pilot, and had a gun form 1915 onwards. The B II was smaller
       and had a better performance than the {Aviatik B I}.
       Type: B II
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1914  Crew: 2 Engines: 1 * 88kW Mercedes D II
       Speed: 100km/h  Ceiling: 6100m  Range: 3h
       Armament:
Aviatik C I
       Development of the {Aviatik B II}. The observer was seated in
       front of the pilot, a practice that was reversed in later versions.
       Type: C I
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes DIII
       Speed: 143km/h  Ceiling: 4000m  Range: 3h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Aviatik C II
       Refined {Aviatik C I}.
Aviatik C III
       Refined {Aviatik C I}.
Aviatik C V
       Reconnaissance biplane with 'gulled' upper wing and a 180hp
       Args As III engine. No production.
Aviatik C VIII
       Reconnaissance biplane, 1917. 160hp Mercedes D III engine.
       No production.
Aviatik C IX
       Reconnaissance biplane, 1918. 200hp Benz engine. Two built.
Aviatik D I
       License-built {Halberstadt D II}.
Aviatik D II
       Single-seat fighter biplane. One built.
       Type: D II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Daimler D III
       Wing Span: 8.84m  Length: 6.82m  Height: 2.87m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 150km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Aviatik D III
       Single-seat biplane fighter. The D III was of mixed construction,
       with a plywood-covered fuselage. A small series was built, and
       considered superior to the {Albatros D V}.
       Type: D III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 195hp Benz Bz IIIbo
       Wing Span: 9.0m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 21.0m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 864kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Aviatik D IV
       Development of the {Aviatik D III}. Probably never flown.
Aviatik D V
       Biplane fighter. Probably never flown.
Aviatik D VI
       Single-seat fighter biplane of 1918, of wooden construction.
       The D VI was an excellent aicraft, but the The design was
       overtaken by the {Aviatik D VII}. One built.
       Type: D VI
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1* Benz Bz IIIbm
       Wing Span: 9.66m  Length: 6.10m  Height: 2.50m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 750kg  Max.Weight: 940kg
       Speed: 188km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Aviatik D VII
       Single-seat biplane fighter, a development of the {Aviatik D VI}
       with new tail surfaces. One built, flown in October 1918.
       Type: D VII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * Benz Bz IIIbm
       Wing Span: 9.66m  Length: 6.10m  Height: 2.50m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 745kg  Max.Weight: 945kg
       Speed: 192km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Aviatik G I
       Twin-engined biplane bomber. 230hp Benz engines. No production.
--B--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ba 349 Natter, Bachem
       The Ba 349 was a small, partly-expendable rocket-engined fighter.
       It was launched from a vertical ramp. The pilot was to attack a
       bomber formation with the rockets in the nose of the little
       aircraft. After a descent to about 1400m, the Natter broke up
       and the pilot and engine were to be recovered by parachute. Only
       tests flights were made, but the Ba 349 was put on operational
       status in April 1945. 36 built.
       Type: Ba 349B-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 2000kg Walter HWK 509C-1
                                     4 * 1200kg Schmiddling 533
       Wing Span: 4.00m  Length: 6.02m  Height: 2.25m  Wing Area: 4.70m2
       Empty Weight: 1095kg  Max.Weight: 2270kg
       Speed: 997km/h  Ceiling: 14000m  Range: 58km
       Armament: 24*r73mm or 33*r55mm
Bauer
       In 1763 Melchior Bauer designed the first 'bomber'. It was to
       carry a pilot and 45kg of bombs; the pilot was to flap the two
       wings.
Bell 47
       Germany bought 45 of this US helicopter, known by the US military
       as the {H-13}. They remained in service for 17 years.
Bf 108 Taifun, Messerschmitt
       This cabin monoplane shared many characteristics of the {Bf 109}
       fighter. It was a cabin monoplane of advanced design. 887 were
       built until the end of WWII, postwar production in France not
       included.
       Type: Bf 108B
       Function: trainer / liaison
       Year: 1934  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 175kW Argus As 10C
       Wing Span: 10.50m  Length: 8.30m  Height: 2.30m  Wing Area: 16.40m2
       Empty Weight: 880kg  Max.Weight: 1385kg
       Speed: 300km/h  Ceiling: 4800m  Range: 950km
       Armament: 3 seats
Bf 109, Messerschmitt
       The Bf 109 was the Luftwaffe's standard fighter throughout WWII,
       and the production of the Bf 109 was larger than that of any other
       fighter. It was a quite revolutionary design, the smallest aircraft
       that could be built around a powerful engine. Advantages were good
       performance and handling, and a simple construction; disadvantages
       were restricted vision, bad landing characteristics, and the
       inability to carry heavy armament without adverse affects on handling.
       The E was one of the best fighters in the world, on a par with the
       Spitfire; the F was a fine fighter with limited armament; the G
       suffered from detoriated handling. The K was the last series-produced
       model. Some extreme developments, elongated, with longer wings and
       Jumo engines, never reached service. Projects to replace the 109 all
       failed. Approx 35000 built. Czechoslovakaia and Spain continued
       production of developments after WWII.
       Type: Bf 109C-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1938  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 730hp Jumo 210Ga
       Wing Span: 9.87m  Length: 8.55m  Height: 2.45m  Wing Area: 16.17m2
       Empty Weight: 1597kg  Max.Weight: 2296kg
       Speed: 470km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 625km
       Armament: 4*mg7.9mm
       Type: Bf 109E-3
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1939  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 865kW Daimler-Benz DB601Aa
       Wing Span: 9.87m  Length: 8.64m  Height: 2.50m  Wing Area: 16.17m2
       Empty Weight: 1900kg  Max.Weight: 2665kg
       Speed: 560km/h  Ceiling: 10500m  Range: 660km
       Armament: 2*g20mm 2*mg7.9mm
       Type: Bf 109G-10
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1080kW Daimler-Benz DB605AM
       Speed: 620km/h  Ceiling: 11150m  Range: 1000km
       Armament: 1*g30mm 2*mg13mm
Bf 109TL, Messerschmitt
       This was a twin-engined jet fighter design that used parts of
       the {Me 155}, {Me 309}, {Me 409} and {Bf 109}. It was drawn up
       as a backup for the {Me 262} and quickly abandoned.
Bf 109Z, Messerschmit
       Two {Bf 109} fuselages joined by a new central wing were the
       basis for the Bf 109Z (Zwiling, twin). The prototype was
       destroyed by air attack before it could be flown. The project
       was discontinued because the {Me 262} held more promise.
       Type: Bf 109Z-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: (1942)  Crew: 1  Engines:  2 *
       Speed: 743km/h  Ceiling: 11700m  Range:
       Armament: 8*g30mm
Bf 110, Messerschmitt
       The Bf 110 was a heavy twin-engined fighter, designed for
       fighter-bomber, bomber-interceptor, and escort fighter missions.
       Its use as escort fighter during the Battle of Britain was
       disastrous, because the Bf 110 was too vulnerable in a dogfight
       with single-engined fighters. Hence the Bf 110 acquired a poor
       reputation. But it had a good record as interceptor, fighter-bomber
       and especially as nightfighter. 6100 built.
       Type: Bf 110C-4
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1939  Crew: 2-3  Engines: 2 * 821kW Daimler-Benz DB601A-1
       Wing Span: 16.27m  Length: 12.65m  Height: 3.5m  Wing Area: 38.40m2
       Empty Weight: 5200kg  Max.Weight: 6750kg
       Speed: 560km/h  Ceiling: 10000m  Range: 1120km
       Armament: 5*g7.9mm 2*g20mm
Bf 161, Messerschmitt
       Reconnaissance version of the {Bf 110}, with a new nose.
       Development was abandoned when it was understood that much
       simpler modifications of the Bf 110 would do the job. 
Bf 162, Messerschmitt
       Unsuccessful competitor for the {Ju 88}, superficially
       resembling the {Bf 110}, but with a new fuselage,
       incorporating a glazed nose. The Bf 162 was part of a
       propaganda effort, but never entered production. 
Bf 163, Messerschmitt
       High-wing STOL monoplane, a design competing with
       the {Fi 156} and similar in layout. One built.
BFW CL I
       Two-seat reconnaissance fighter, a biplane designed for simplicity
       of construction. The angular CL I had a performance much inferior
       to that the of the {Halberstadt CL V}. One built.
       Type: CL I
       Function: fighter / reconnaissance
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 10.62m  Length: 7.81m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
BFW CL II
       This originally was the second prototype of the {BFW CL I},
       but it was reengined. One built.
       Type: CL II
       Function: fighter / reconnaissance
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 175hp MAN Mana III
       Wing Span: 10.62m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
BFW CL III
       This was a redesign of the {BFW CL I}. It had longer-span
       wings and a more powerful engine. One built.
       Type: CL III
       Function: fighter / reconnaissance
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 200hp Benz Bz IV
       Wing Span: 11.54m  Length: 7.81m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
BFW CL IV
       Development of the {BFW CL III}. Not built. 
Bo 46, MBB
       Experimental helicopter. 1962. Three built.
Bo 105, MBB
       Utility and anti-tank helicopter, a small twin-engined design.
       Well over 1300 were built for a large number of civilian and
       military customers -- the latter include Germany, Sweden, Nigeria,
       Canada, Iraq, Peru, Colombia, Spain, Chile, Mexico, and Indonesia.
       It has been license-built in Canada, Indonesia, and the Philippines. 
       There are transport, reconnaissance, anti-tank, SAR and ASW
       versions. Production still continues. 
       Type: Bo 105CB
       Function: utility
       Year: 1975  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 313kW Allison 250-C20B
       Rotor Span: 9.84m  Length: 11.86m  Height: 3m  Disc Area: 76.05m2
       Empty Weight: 1256kg  Max.Weight: 2400kg
       Speed: 245km/h  Ceiling: 5180m  Range: 1000km
       Load: 4 seats
Boeing 707
       Four of this US airliner used as long-range and VIP transports.
Brandenburg CC
       Fighter flying boat, a biplane with the typical 'star strut'
       arrangment of Brandenburg. 37 were sold to Austria-Hungary, and
       36 to the German Navy. The CC proved to be an effective aircraft,
       but in 1917 there were some structural problems which required
       modifications.
       Type: CC
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180hp Hiero
       Wing Span: 9.30m  Length: 7.69m  Height: 3.57m  Wing Area: 26.52m2
       Empty Weight: 800kg  Max.Weight: 1080kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 500km
       Armament: 1*mg8mm
Brandenburg D I
       Single-seat biplane fighter. The D I was of mixed construction, and
       featured an unusual 'star' arrangment of the interplane struts. The
       D I was difficult to fly. A small number was also built in Austria,
       by Phoenix.
       Type: D I 
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 8.50m  Length: 6.35m  Height:   Wing Area: 23.95m2
       Empty Weight: 672kg  Max.Weight: 920kg
       Speed: 187km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*g8mm
Brandenburg KDW
       Seaplane fighter, designed by E. Heinkel for the defense of
       seaplane bases. The KDW was essentially a floatplane version
       of the {Brandenburg D I}, with slightly enlarged wings and tail
       surfaces. 146 built.
       Type: KDW
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Maybach MbIII
       Wing Span: 9.30m  Length: 7.86m  Height: 3.35m  Wing Area: 29.15m2
       Empty Weight: 759kg  Max.Weight: 1039kg
       Speed: 171km/h  Ceiling: 3500m  Range: 2h 30m
       Armament: 1-2*mg
Brandenburg L 14
       Biplane fighter, a derivative of the {Brandenburg D I}. Only
       two built.
       Type: L 14
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 200hp Hiero
       Wing Span: 10.20m  Length: 7.05m  Height:   Wing Area: 25.28m2
       Empty Weight: 740kg  Max.Weight: 940kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg8mm
Brandenburg L 16
       Triplane fighter. Only a prototype was built.
       Type: L 16
       Function: fighter
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp Austro-Daimler
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 7.21m  Height: 3.70m  Wing Area: 33.5m2
       Empty Weight: 740kg  Max.Weight: 935kg
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg
Brandenburg W 11
       Two-seat floatplane, a derivative of the {Brandenburg KDW}.
       Only two were built.
       Type: W 11
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 220hp Benz Bz IVa
       Wing Span: 10.10m  Length: 8.10m  Height: 3.32m  Wing Area: 31.42m2
       Empty Weight: 935kg  Max.Weight: 1233kg
       Speed: 176km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 350km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Brandenburg W 12
       Two-seat biplane, used for the defense of seaplane bases or
       reconnaissance. Typical for the W 12 design was the upward-sloping
       tail, with a rudder that protruded only below the fuselage. This
       gave the observer/gunner a free field of fire. The W 12 was a very
       maneuverable aircraft that could hold its own against single-seat
       fighters. 146 built.
       Type: W 12
       Function: reconnaissance fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 11.2m  Length: 9.60m  Height: 3.30m  Wing Area: 36.2m2
       Empty Weight: 997kg  Max.Weight: 1454kg
       Speed: 161km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 3h 30m
       Armament: 2-3*mg7.92mm
Brandenburg W 16
       Twin-float biplane fighter, intended to replace the
       {Brandenburg KDW}. The W 16 was a conventional biplane, but
       used a rotary engine instead of the liquid-cooled engine more
       common in other Brandenburg types. Three built.
       Type: W 16
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Oberursel U III
       Wing Span: 9.25m  Length: 7.35m  Height: 2.92m  Wing Area: 21.35m2
       Empty Weight: 636kg  Max.Weight: 896kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Brandenburg W 17
       Flying boat fighter. The first prototype was a biplane, the second
       prototype a triplane. Neither was accepted for production. 1917.
Brandenburg W 18
       Single-seat flying boat fighter, replacing the {Brandenburg CC}.
       47 were delivered to Austria-Hungary, and one to the German Navy.
       The W 18 was a biplane with a pusher engine.
       Type: W 18
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 200hp Hiero
       Wing Span: 10.70m  Length: 8.15m  Height: 3.45m  Wing Area: 34.38m2
       Empty Weight: 875kg  Max.Weight: 1145kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg8mm
Brandenburg W 19
       Similar to the {Brandenburg W 12}, but much larger, to have a
       significantly larger endurance. The W 19 was often used to seek
       targets for the W 12. 58 built.
       Type: W 19
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 190kW Maybach Mb IV
       Wing Span: 13.80m  Length: 10.65m  Height: 4.10m  Wing Area: 57.8m2
       Empty Weight: 1435kg  Max.Weight: 2005kg
       Speed: 150km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 5h
       Armament: 3*mg7.92mm
Brandenburg W 20
       See {Hansa-Brandenburg W 20}.
Brandenburg W 23
       Biplane fighter flying boat. The W 23 used the wings of the
       {Brandenburg W 18}, but the hull was refined. A fixed,
       forward-firing 20mm cannon was installed. Three prototypes
       were built. Flight characteristics were extremely disappointing.
       Type: W 23
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes
       Wing Span: 10.70m  Length: 9.14m  Height: 3.35m  Wing Area: 34.7m2
       Empty Weight: 918kg  Max.Weight: 1261kg
       Speed: 165km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg7.92mm 1*g20mm
Brandenburg W 25
       Float biplane fighter, the final development of the
       {Brandenburg KDW}, with a conventional strut arrangment.
       There was no longer an interest in single-seat fighter
       floatplanes, and the W 25 was abandoned.
       Type: W 25
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 150hp Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 1040m  Length: 8.80m  Height: 3.45m  Wing Area: 36.53m2
       Empty Weight: 918kg  Max.Weight: 1182kg
       Speed: 160km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Brandenburg W 27
       Development of the {Brandenburg W 12}, reengined and with
       smaller wings. It was abandoned in favour of the
       {Brandenburg W 29} monoplane. One built.
       Type: W 27
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 195 Benz Bz IIIbo
       Wing Span: 11.20m  Length: 9.23m  Height: 3.06m  Wing Area: 36.06m2
       Empty Weight: 1109kg  Max.Weight: 1619kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 3*mg7.92mm
Brandenburg W 29
       Big two-seat monoplane fighter, on twin floats. The typical
       fuselage of the {Brandenburg W 12} was retained, and a wooden,
       fabric-covered monoplane wing was fitted. With good performance
       and seaworthiness, the W 29 was very successful in the last months
       of WWI. Production was resumed in Denmark in 1921, and it remained
       in service until 1931. Over 165 built. 
       Type: W 29
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 110kW Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 13.50m  Length: 9.36m  Height: 3.00m  Wing Area: 32.2m2
       Empty Weight: 1000kg  Max.Weight: 1494kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 4hrs
       Armament: 2-3*mg
Brandenburg W 32
       Version of the {Brandenburg W 27} with a 160hp Mercedes
       D IIIa engine, developed concurrently. One built.
Brandenburg W 33
       Larger development of the {Brandenburg W 29}. Only a few W 33s
       entered service in the last months of 1918, but production was
       resumed after WWI in Norway and Finland. Over 160 built.
       Type: W 33
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 260hp Maybach M%b IVa
       Wing Span: 15.85m  Length: 11.10m  Height: 3.37m  Wing Area: 44.0m2
       Empty Weight: 1420kg  Max.Weight: 2050kg
       Speed: 173km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 3*mg7.92mm
Brandenburg W 34
       Enlarged and more powerful development of the {Brandenburg W 33}.
       Only one built before the end of the war; several more were
       completed later.
       Type: W 34
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 300hp Basse und Selve BuS IVa
       Wing Span: 16.60m  Length: 11.10m  Height:   Wing Area: 49.0m2
       Empty Weight: 1534kg  Max.Weight: 2270kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Bu 131 Jungmann, Bucker
       Biplane initial trainer, also used as night harassement bomber on
       the eastern front. Production continued postwar.
       Type: Bu 131
       Function: trainer
       Year: 1935  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 78kW Hirth HM 504A-2
       Wing Span: 7.410m  Length: 6.60m  Height: 2.25m  Wing Area: 13.50m
       Empty Weight: 390kg  Max.Weight: 680kg
       Speed: 183km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 650km
Bu 133 Jungmeister, Bucker
       The Bu 133 is an fully-aerobatic trainer biplane. It was based on
       the {Bu 131}, but was a single-seater with more powerful engine.
       Many are still flying.
       Type: Bu 133C
       Function: trainer
       Year: 1935  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Siemens Sh 14A-4
       Wing Span: 6.60m  Length: 6.00m  Height: 2.20m  Wing Area: 12m2
       Empty Weight: 425kg  Max.Weight: 585kg
       Speed: 220km/h  Ceiling: 4500m  Range: 500km
       Armament:
Bu 180 Student, Bucker
       Tandem-seat primary trainer. 
Bu 181 Bestmann, Bucker
       The Bu 181 was a cabin monoplane, used as trainer, liaison
       aircraft, glider tug and light transport. It was derived
       from the {Bu 180}. Postwar production continued in the
       Netherlands, Sweden, Czechoslovakia and Egypt.
       Type: Bu 181A
       Function: trainer
       Year: 1939  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 78kW Hirth HM 504A
       Wing Span: 10.60m  Length: 7.85m  Height: 2.05m  Wing Area: 13.50m2
       Empty Weight: 480kg  Max.Weight: 750kg
       Speed: 215km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 800km
       Armament:
Bv 40, Blohm und Voss
       The Bv 40 was a well-armoured glider interceptor, intended for
       diving head-on attacks on bomber formations. The concept was to
       offer as small as possible a target by reduceing frontal area.
       Therefore designer Dr. Vogt dispensed with the engine, and
       designed a prone position for the pilot. Seven built. The idea
       was abandoned in 1944.
       Type: Bv 40A
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 0 *
       Wing Span: 7.90m  Length: 5.70m  Height: 1.63m  Wing Area: 8.70m2
       Empty Weight: 826kg  Max.Weight: 950kg
       Speed: 900km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*g30mm
Bv 138, Blohm und Voss
       The Bv 138 flying boat had a clog-shaped fuselage with a
       high-set wing, the latter carrying twin tail booms. It had
       three diesel engines, two in the front of the tail booms and
       one above the cockpit. The A-series suffered from many problems,
       but in the C-series almost all problems had been cured. 279
       were built.
       Type: Bv 138C-1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1940  Crew: 5  Engines: 3 * 650kW Junkers Jumo 205D
       Wing Span: 27.00m  Length: 19.90m  Height: 6.60m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 14700kg
       Speed: 285km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 4295km
       Armament: 2*g20mm 1*mg13mm 0-1*mg7.9mm 300kg
Bv 141, Blohm und Voss
       The Bv 141 was a very unusual, assymetric aircraft. The
       configuration was adopted to give excellent all-round view
       from a single-engine aircraft. An extensively glazed nacelle
       was fitted to the left of a slender tail boom. The Bv 141A
       (with symmetrical tailplane) was an excellent aircraft but
       the RLM rejected it as underpowered. The more powerful Bv 141B
       (with assymetrical tailplane) had some handling problems. Both
       types had hydraulical problems. Development was slow, and the
       {Fw 189} filled the requirement. Only 13 were built.
       Type: Bv 141B-0
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1940  Crew: 3  Engines: 1 * 1560hp BMW 801A
       Wing Span: 17.46m  Length: 13.95m  Height: 3.60m  Wing Area: 53.00m2
       Empty Weight: 4700kg  Max.Weight: 5700kg
       Speed: 370km/h  Ceiling: 10000m  Range: 1200km
       Armament: 4*mg7.9mm 4*b50kg
Bv 142, Blohm und Voss
       Landplane development of the pre-war {Ha 139} mailplane. It
       had the same inverted gull wing and twin tails fins, but
       retractable landing gear and radial engines. Two of the four
       aircraft built were converted to long-range reconnaissance
       aircraft, with a long transparant nose, a dorsal turret, and
       a belly gunner position. The fuselage was long and excessively
       slender, making communication between fore and aft crew stations
       difficult. The type saw little service. Four built.
       Type: Bv 142V2/U1
       Function: reconnaissance / transport
       Year: 1939  Crew: 6  Engines: 4 * 650kW BMW 132H-1
       Wing Span: 29.53m  Length: 20.45m  Height: 4.44m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 442km/h  Ceiling: 9000m  Range: 3900km
       Armament: 5*mg7.9mm 4*b100kg
Bv 143, Blohm und Voss
       The Bv 143 was an early anti-ship missile. Launched as a glide
       bomb, it stabilized horizontally above the water, and then
       a rocket engine was started to hit the target just above water
       level. The mechanism to stabilize the Bv 143 was never perfected.
Bv 144, Blohm und Voss
       High-wing transport built in occupied France, designed for
       Lufthansa after the war. The Bv 144 was a shoulder-wing aircraft.
       It had a variable incidence wing, turning round a tubular spar.
       Two were built, but only one made a few flights.
       Type: Bv 144
       Function: transport
       Year: 1945  Crew:   Engines: 2 * 1170kW BMW 810MA
       Wing Span: 26.9m  Length: 21.81m  Height: 5.1m  Wing Area: 89.4m2
       Empty Weight: 7588kg  Max.Weight: 13103kg
       Speed: 470km/h at 4500m  Ceiling:   Range:
       Load: 18-23 seats, 1530kg
Bv 155, Blohm und Voss
       Development of the {Me 155}. The Bv 155 was an ugly, but effective
       high-altitude fighter with a long-span laminar flow wing and a
       turbosupercharged engine. The V1, V2 and V3 prototypes were outwardly
       very different, mainly by relocation of the radiators. The final
       Bv 155C had the cooling systems under the nose. A contract for 30
       production aircraft was issued in the finals days of WWII.
       Type: Bv 155V2
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1185kW Daimler-Benz DB603A
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 690km/h  Ceiling: 16950m  Range:
       Armament:
Bv 222 Wiking, Blohm und Voss
       The Bv 222 was a big flying boat, the largest to see service in
       WWII. It was a six-engined shoulder wing aircraft, originally
       designed for a transatlantic passenger service. The Bv 222 had a
       revolutionary hull with a 8.5:1 length/beam ratio, and split
       retractable stabilizing floats. Only 13 were built; they were
       operated as transports and later as maritime patrol aircraft.
       Type: Bv 222C
       Function: transport / reconnaissance
       Year: 1943  Crew: 11  Engines: 6 * 740kW Junkers Jumo 207C
       Wing Span: 46m  Length: 37m  Height: 10.90m  Wing Area: 255m2
       Empty Weight: 30650kg  Max.Weight: 49000kg
       Speed: 390km/h  Ceiling: 7300m  Range: 6100km
       Armament: 3*g20mm 5*mg13mm
       Load: 110 seats
Bv 237, Blohm und Voss
       Fighter/bomber project, derived from the {Bv 141}, cancelled
       in 1944. The project planned single-seat fighters and two-seat
       dive-bombers. A mixed-power version was planned.
       Type: Bv 237
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1 Engines: 1 * 1700hp BMW 801D
       Wing Span: 14.46m  Length: 10.5m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 6678kg
       Speed: 579km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2000km
       Armament: 2*g30mm 2*g20mm 2*g13.2mm
Bv 238, Blohm und Voss
       The Bv 238 was a big six-engined flying boat, the heaviest
       aircraft in the world when it first flew. It was originally
       intended to be used by Lufthansa after the war, but when it
       became clear in 1941 that the war would not be over soon it
       was converted for the military. The Bv 238 was advanced in
       design, with a narrow planing bottom, a shallow step and
       retractable stabilizing floats. The single prototype was
       destroyed on the Schaal lake in 1944.
       Type: Bv 238V1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1945  Crew: 10  Engines: 6 * 1305kW Daimler-Benz DB603V
       Wing Span: 60.17m  Length: 43.50m  Height: 13.40m  Wing Area: 365m2
       Empty Weight: 50800kg  Max.Weight: 80000kg
       Speed: 425km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 6100km
       Armament:
Bv 246 Hagelkorn, Blohm und Voss
       Guided missile, a slender winged bomb with radio control.
       Approx 1100 built, but never used.
Bv 250, Blohm und Voss
       Planned landplane bomber version of the {Bv 238}. Not built.
       Type: Bv 250
       Function: bomber
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 6 * 1800hp Daimler-Benz DB603
       Wing Span: 188ft  Length: 151ft  Height: 44.43ft  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 210000lb
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 12400mls
       Armament: 12*g20mm 44100lb
--C--------------------------------------------------------------------------
C.160, Transall
       Twin-engined medium transport, a French/German cooperation project.
       The high-wing design is typical for tactical transport aircraft
       Germany bought 110, France 50, and South Africa 9. Later the
       production line was reopened to build 25 more for France. 
       Type: C.160NG
       Function: transport
       Year: 1968  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 4550kW R.R. Tyne RTy20 Mk 22
       Wing Span: 40.00m  Length: 32.40m  Height: 11.65m  Wing Area: 160.0m2
       Empty Weight: 29000kg  Max.Weight: 51000kg
       Speed: 513km/h  Ceiling: 8500m  Range: 5095km
       Load: 16000kg, 93 seats
CH-53, Sikorsky
       The {H-53} is an US-designed heavy transport helicopter. The
       110 German are license-built by VFW-Fokker.
CJ-14, Caspar
       Biplane fighter, built in Denmark to evade the limitations of the
       Versailles treaty. The CJ-14 was of all-wooden construction.
       Only one built.
       Type: CJ-14
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1924  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 325hp Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar III
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 5.40m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 800kg  Max.Weight: 1200kg
       Speed: 270km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 600km
       Armament: 2*mg7.62mm
CM 170 Magister, Potez
       Straight-wing jet trainer of French design. The {Magister} was
       chosen as standard NATO trainer in 1954, the Luftwaffe ordered
       260. Most of them were assembled in Germany.
CS-14, Caspar
       Development of the {CJ-14}, with a longer wing span and a new
       engine. Later converted to a two-seater. Only one built.
       Type: CS-14
       Function: fighter
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 450hp Napier Lion IV
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 6.58m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 1130kg  Max.Weight: 1780kg
       Speed: 250km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 3.5hrs
       Armament: 
--D--------------------------------------------------------------------------
D.XIII, Fokker
       Dutch sesquiplane fighter, a development of the {D.XI}. The
       official customer for this type was Argentina, but they really
       were intended for the reborn, still illegal German Luftwaffe
       on bases in Russia. A total of 52 were delivered. When Germany
       abandoned Lipetsk in 1933, the remaining 30 were handed over
       to the USSR. 
       Type: D.XIII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1924  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 570hp Napier Lion XI
       Wing Span: 11m  Length: 7.90m  Height: 2.90m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 1220kg  Max.Weight: 1650kg
       Speed: 270km/h  Ceiling: 8000m  Range: 600km
       Armament: 2*mg7.7mm
Daimler CL I
       See {Daimler L8}.
Daimler D I
       See {Daimler L6}.
Daimler D II
       See {Daimler L9}.
Daimler L6
       Single-seat biplane fighter, first flown in November 1917. A
       contract was awarded, and production aircraft were delivered
       in December 1918... Also known as the Daimler D I. 
       Type: L6
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp Daimler IIIb
       Wing Span: 9.90m  Length: 7.30m  Height: 2.76m  Wing Area: 22.60m2
       Empty Weight: 750kg  Max.Weight: 925kg
       Speed: 183km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Daimler L8
       Two-seat biplane fighter, designed as an escort fighter. Only
       a prototype was built.
       Type: L8
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 185hp Daimler D IIIb
       Wing Span: 11.82m  Length: 7.45m  Height: 2.95m  Wing Area: 31.50m2
       Empty Weight: 820kg  Max.Weight: 1230kg
       Speed: 150km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 4hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Daimler L9
       Development of the {Daimler L6}. The L9 had a modified wing
       cellule, which initially dispensed with both struts and wires
       between the wings. The tail was also improved. Later, single
       struts were added to the wings. One built.
       Type: L9
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp Daimler D IIIb
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 7.20m  Height: 2.60m  Wing Area: 22.32m2
       Empty Weight: 742kg  Max.Weight: 990kg
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 440km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Daimler L11
       Parasol monoplane fighter, a very clean aircraft with a fine
       performance. It flew for the first time in November 1918, which
       was a bad time to get orders... One built. 
       Type: L11
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp Daimler D IIIb 
       Wing Span: 12.00m  Length: 8.15m  Height:   Wing Area: 28.80m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 200km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament:
Daimler L14
       Two-seat, parasol wing fighter. The L14 embodied even more
       aerodynamic refinement than the {Daimler L11}, but the first
       made was not made until after the end of WWI. Prototype only.
       It was Daimler's last fighter. 
       Type: L14
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1919  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 185hp Daimler D IIIb
       Wing Span: 12.30m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 30.00m2
       Empty Weight: 870kg  Max.Weight: 1270kg
       Speed: 206km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 700km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
DB, Germania
       Two-seat biplane fighter. The deep, rectangular fuselage filled the
       gap between the wings completely, and the top of the fuselage was
       higher than the propeller arc. This gave the gunner, who sat in
       front of the pilot, an excellent field of fire. No production.
       Type: DB
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 180hp Argus As III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg
DFS 39 
       Also known as the Lippisch Delta IVc. The DFS 39 was an experimental
       tailless aircraft. The DFS 39 had a 'moon crescent' wing, a radial
       engine and fixed landing gear. 
       Type: DFS 39 Delta IVc
       Function: experimental
       Year: 1936  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 75hp Pobjoy R
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
DFS 40
       Also known as the Lippisch Delta V. The DFS 40 was a small
       experimental two-seat tailless aircraft, powered by a 100hp
       Argus pusher engine. It had a wing span of 12m. 
DFS 193
       Two-seat tailless reconnaissance aircraft. Not built.
DFS 194
       Experimental tailless aircraft, based on the {DFS 39}. The
       DFS 194 was initially designed for a conventional 100hp Argus
       pusher engine, but was was converted to use a rocket engine. The
       DFS 194 was superficially similar to the {Me 163}, but the latter
       was an all-new design.
       Type: DFS 194
       Function: experimental
       Year: 1936  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 400kg Walter I-203
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 550km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
DFS 228
       The DFS 228 was a most unusual aircraft. For most of its
       intended mission, it would have operated as a single-seat
       glider, towed towards its destination. Over the target
       the rocket engine would be lighted, and the DFS 228 would
       climb to 23000m at a speed of 1000km/h. The rocket engine
       was never ready, and the DFS 228 made only unpowered flights.
       Type: DFS 228
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1945  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1500kg Walter 509A-1 
       Wing Span: 17.56m  Length: 10.58m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 4200kg
       Speed: 900km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
DFS 230
       The DFS 230 was the main equipment of the German airborne units,
       and it was used in the famous attacks on the Belgian fortress
       Eben-Emael, on Crete and to liberate Mussolini.
       Type: DFS 230B-1
       Function: assault glider
       Year: 1937  Crew: 2  Engines: 0 *
       Speed: 290km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm
       Load: 8 seats
DFS 332
       Twin-fusleage high-speed glider developed for testing wing
       sections. Prototype never completed.
DFS 346
       German experimental aircraft with two 4400kg Walter 509B-1
       rocket engines, swept wings and a prone pilot position. It
       had an estimated top speed of Mach 2.6 at 30500m. The incomplete
       prototype was captured by the USSR in 1945 and flown in 1947,
       with one of the original interned {B-29}s as launch aircraft,
       and a German pilot. On 14 September 1951 the DFS 346 exceeded
       Mach 1, but then it broke up in the air. 
D.F.W. B I
       reconnaissance biplane with elegantly curves wings, reminiscent
       of the {Taube}. The B I was a stable aircraft, and easy to fly.
       Type: B I
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1914  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 75kW Mercedes
       Speed: 120km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 4h
       Armament:
D.F.W. B II
       Development of the {D.F.W. B I}. Mainly used for training.
D.F.W. C I
       Armed development of the {D.F.W. B I} and {D.F.W. B II}
       series.
       Type: C I
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 110kW
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 1*mg
D.F.W. C II
       Improved {D.F.W. C I}.
D.F.W. C IV
       Reconnaissance biplane, 1916. Widely operated. See
       also {D.F.W. C V}.
D.F.W. C V
       More powerful development of the {D.F.W. C IV}. This was considered
       one of the best German reconnaissance aircraft of WWI. The C V could
       outmaneuvre many allied fighters, and set a world altitude record
       in 1919. Over 1000 were built.
       Type: C V
       Function: biplane
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 150kW Benz Bz IV
       Speed: 155km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 4h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg 100kg
D.F.W. D I
       Single-seat biplane fighter. The D I looked beautiful, but was
       rejected for service. Even after redesign, the structure was
       considered too weak.
       Type: D I 
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D IIIa
       Wing Span: 9.08m  Length: 5.50m  Height:   Wing Area: 23.00m2
       Empty Weight: 639kg  Max.Weight: 819kg
       Speed: 177km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
D.F.W. D II
       Designation sometimes erronously given for the {D.F.W. D I},
       probably because the {T 34} is thought to be the by
       some authors. 
D.F.W. Dr I
       Triplane version of the {D.F.W. Dr I}. It was powered by the
       same 160hp Mercedes D IIIa engine. The profusion of struts of
       the Dr I caused excessive drag, and it was rejected. 
D.F.W. R I
       Bomber. Four Mercedes D IV engines were fitted inside the
       fuselage, driving two pusher and two tractor propellers. 1916.
D.F.W. R II
       Version of the {D.F.W. R I} with 260hp Mercedes D IVa engines.
Djinn, SO.1221
       The {Djinn} was French-built light helicopter. Five were
       in German use.
DM-1, Lippisch
       Research glider. The small DM-1 had pure delta shape, with a very
       large tailfin, the base of which incorporated the cockpit.
Do 10, Dornier
       The {Do C} family (which to see) was intended to fill multiple
       roles with different engines. The Do C4, later renamed Do 10,
       was a two-seat parasol monoplane fighter. It was unsuccessful,
       and used as testbed for a tilting engine installation.
       Type: Do 10
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1931  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 650hp Hispano-Suiza 12Ybre
       Wing Span: 15.00m  Length: 10.60m  Height: 4.30m  Wing Area: 32.85m2
       Empty Weight: 2200kg  Max.Weight: 2640kg
       Speed: 310km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Do 11, Dornier
       The Do 11 was an early heavy bomber of the (still secret) luftwaffe.
       It didn't have a good record, and the rectractable undercarriage was
       often locked down to avoid problems. Carrying Lufthansa markings and
       civil registrations, it was flown by the trainee bomber pilots.
       Type: Do 11D
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1934  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 480kW Siemens Sh 22B-2
       Speed: 260km/h  Ceiling: 4100m  Range: 960km
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm 1000kg
Do 13, Dornier
       Development of the {Do 11}.
       Type: Do 13a
       Function: bomber
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 2 * 550kW BMW VI
       Speed:   Ceiling: 10500ft  Range: 7500km
       Armament:
Do 15 Wal, Dornier
       The Wal was one of the most famous flying boats of the
       interbellum. It had a metal hull with an open cockpit,
       a high-set wing on struts, and two engines in a tandem
       installation. There were many civil and military users
       of the Wal. The {Do 15} or Wal-33 was the ultimate version,
       for the Luftwaffe. From 1938 it was replaced by the {Do 18}.
       Type: Do 15
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1934  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 550kW BMW VI 7.3
       Wing Span: 23.20m  Length: 18.30m  Height: 5.40m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 8500kg
       Speed: 230km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 1900km
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm 200kg
Do 17, Dornier
       The Do 17 was designed as a fast mailplane. The Lufthansa
       refused to accept it, because of its cramped fuselage. But
       a bomber development was quickly designed and put into service.
       The Do 17 was used as a bomber and reconnaissance aircraft.
       It adavantages were speed and a sturdy contruction; but it
       wasn't fast enough to escape fighters and poorly armed. The
       Do 17Z-7 Kauz was used as a nightfighter with an infrared
       detection system, but this was not very successful. The
       Do 17Z-10 Kauz II with radar equipment was more suitable. 
       Type: Do 17E-1
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1937  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 550kW BMW VI 7.3
       Speed: 355km/h  Ceiling: 5100m  Range: 1590km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 750kg
       Type: Do 17Z-2
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1939  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 746kW BWM Bramo 323P Fafnir
       Wing Span: 18.00m  Length: 15.80m  Height: 4.50m  Wing Area: 55m2
       Empty Weight: 5210kg  Max.Weight: 8590kg
       Speed: 410km/h Ceiling: 8200m  Range: 1160km
       Armament: 6*mg7.9mm 1000kg
Do 18, Dornier
       The Do 18 was designed as a long-range mailplane to replace
       the famous Wal, and built along the same lines: a flying boat
       with an high-set wing and two engines in a tandem arrangment.
       It had large range and good handling, but was vulnerable to
       fighters. It was used as a SAR and reconnaissance aircraft by
       the Luftwaffe. 152 built.
       Type: Do 18G-1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1938  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 650kW Junkers Jumo 205D
       Wing Span: 23.70m  Length: 19.25m  Height: 5.35m  Wing Area: 98m2
       Empty Weight: 5850kg  Max.Weight: 10000kg
       Speed: 265km/h  Ceiling: 4200m  Range: 3500km
       Armament: 1*g20mm 1*mg13mm 100kg
Do 19, Dornier
       The Do 19 was an early attempt to build a four-engined heavy bomber.
       Development was abandoned after the Death of general Wever in 1936.
       One built.
       Type: Do 19V1
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1936  Crew: 9  Engines: 4 * 525kW Bramo 322H-2
       Speed: 315km/h  Ceiling: 5600m  Range: 1600km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 2*g20mm 3000kg
Do 22, Dornier
       The Do 22 was a light reconnaissance and utility design.
       It was a parasol monoplane, capable of operating on
       floats and on wheels. The Do 22 was not built for the
       Luftwaffe, but sold to Greece, Latvia and Yugoslavia.
       The aircraft destined for Latvia were never delivered,
       and went to Finland instead. 31 built.
       Type: Do 22
       Function: reconnaissance / torpedo bomber
       Year: 1935  Crew: 2-3  Engines: 1 * 630kW Hispano Suiza 12Ybrs
       Wing Span: 16.20m  Length: 13.12m  Height: 4.85m  Wing Area: 45m2
       Empty Weight: 2600kg  Max.Weight: 4000kg
       Speed: 350km/h  Ceiling: 9000m  Range: 2300km
       Armament: 2-4*mg7.9mm 800kg
Do 23, Dornier
       Development of the {Do 13}, already retired from service in 1936.
       210 built.
       Type: Do 23G
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1936  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 550kW BMW VI U
       Speed: 260km/h  Ceiling: 4200m  Range: 1350km
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm 1000kg
Do 24, Dornier
       The Do 24 was designed for a Dutch requirement. It was an elegant
       flying boat with a high wing on struts and twin tailfins. Flying
       characteristics were excellent, and the Do 24 could operate from
       rough seas. After the occupation of the Netherlands in 1940,
       production continued for the Luftwaffe. Production also continued
       postwar and some were still in service in the 1970's. 294 built.
       Type: Do 24T-1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1941  Crew: 4-5  Engines: 3 * 740kW BMW Bramo 323R-2
       Wing Span: 27m  Length: 21.95m  Height: 5.75m  Wing Area: 108m2
       Empty Weight: 9200kg  Max.Weight: 18400kg
       Speed: 340km/h  Ceiling: 7500m  Range: 4750km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm 1*g20mm 600kg
Do 25, Dornier
       Precursor of the {Do 27}. The Do 25 was built in Spain, because
       aircraft production in Germany was forbidden immediately after
       WWII.
Do 26, Dornier
       The Do 26 was an elegant gull-winged flying boat, with
       four Diesel engines in two tandem arrangments. It was was
       originally intended as a transatlantic mailplane, with the
       ability to refuel at motherships on sea and to be catapult-
       launched. The six aircraft built were later militarized,
       but used mainly as transports. 
       Type: Do 26D-0
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1938  Crew: 4  Engines: 4 * 650kW Junkers Jumo 205D
       Wing Span: 30.00m  Length: 24.60m  Height: 6.85m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 20000kg
       Speed: 335km/h  Ceiling: 4800m  Range: 8000km
       Armament: 1*g20mm 3*mg7.9mm
Do 27, Dornier
       High-wing utility aircraft, developed in Spain. It was later
       developed into the twin-engined {Do 28}.
       Type: Do 27A
       Function: utility / trainer
       Year: 1956  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 200kW Lycoming GSO-480-B1A6
       Wing Span: 12.00m  Length: 9.60m  Height: 2.80m  Wing Area: 19.40m2
       Empty Weight: 1130kg  Max.Weight: 1850kg
       Speed: 250km/h  Ceiling: 5500m  Range: 870km
       Load: 4 seats
Do 28, Dornier
       Twin-engined utility aircraft, in fact a twin-engined development
       of the {Do 27}. The Do 28D Skyservant is a complete redesign,
       and much larger than the original Do 28. 
       Type: Do 28B-1
       Function: transport
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 216kW Lycoming IO-540-A
       Wing Span: 13.80m  Length: 9.00m  Height: 2.80m  Wing Area: 22.40m2
       Empty Weight: 1730kg  Max.Weight: 2720kg
       Speed: 290km/h  Ceiling: 6300m  Range: 1235km
       Load: 6-7 seats
Do 29, Dornier
       (P-D-AV-X-HN-N-ALPW2)
       Experimental STOL aircraft, a much-modified {Do 27} with two
       pusher propellers. The propellers could be swivelled down to 90
       degrees. Three built.
       Type: Do 29
       Function: experimental VTOL
       Year: 1958  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 201kW Lycoming GO-480-B1A6
       Wing Span: 13.20m  Length: 9.50m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 2500kg
       Speed: 290km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
Do 31, Dornier
       The Do 31 was an experimental VTOL transport. Two pods with lift
       engines were fitted at the wingstips; two R.R. Pegasus engines
       with swivelling nozzles were fitted under the wing.
       Type: Do 31E-3
       Function: experimental
       Year: 1967  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 7000kg R.R. Bristol Pegasus 5-2
                                     8 * 2000kg R.R. RB 162-4D
       Speed: 650km/h  Ceiling: 10500m  Range:
       Load: 36 seats
Do 128, Dornier
       Development of the {Do 28}D Skyservant.
       Type: Do 128-2
       Function: transport
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 2 * 283kW Avco Lycoming IGSO-540-A1E
       Wing Span: 15.55m  Length: 11.41m  Height: 3.90m  Wing Area: 29m2
       Empty Weight: 2345kg  Max.Weight: 3840kg
       Speed: 325km/h  Ceiling: 7680m  Range: 640km
       Load: 10 seats
Do 214, Dornier
       Design for a big long-range flying boat. Cancelled.
Do 215, Dornier
       The Do 215 was a version of the {Do 17}Z with DB 601
       engines. The first aircraft built were intended for
       export to Sweden, but never delivered. The Do 215 was
       used by the Luftwaffe in night bomber, reconnaissance
       and nightfighter versions. Two were delivered to the
       USSR in 1940, and in 1942 four were handed over to
       Hungary.
       Type: Do 215B-4
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1939  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 790kW Daimler Benz DB 601A
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 525km/h  Ceiling: 9100m  Range: 2500km
       Armament: 6*mg7.9mm 1000kg
Do 217, Dornier
       The Do 217 medium bomber was new design, only superficially similar
       to the {Do 17}. It was a much more capable bomber, but the original
       dive-bombing requirement had to be dropped. The Do 217J and N were
       night intruder or nightfighter versions, but the Do 217 was not very
       suitable for the fighter role. Late models had a fully glazed,
       unstepped nose, and were equipped with guided bombs. 1750 built.
       Type: Do 217E-2
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1940  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 1160kW BMW 810ML
       Speed: 515km/h  Ceiling: 7500m  Range: 2300km
       Wing Span: 19.00m  Length: 18.20m  Height: 5.03m  Wing Area: 57.0m2
       Empty Weight: 8855kg  Max.Weight: 16465kg
       Armament: 1*g15mm 2*mg13mm 5*mg7.9mm 4000kg
       Type: Do 217J-2
       Function: nightfighter
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 2 * 1580hp BMW 801ML
       Wing Span: 19.00m  Length: 18.00m  Height: 4.97m  Wing Area: 57.0m2
       Empty Weight: 9350kg  Max.Weight: 13180kg
       Speed: 489km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2100km
       Armament: 4*mg7.9mm 4*g20mm 2*mg13mm
       Type: Do 217N-2
       Function: nightfighter
       Year: 1942  Crew:   Engines: 2 * 1750hp Daimler-Benz DB 603A
       Wing Span: 19.00m  Length: 18.00m  Height: 4.97m  Wing Area: 57.0m2
       Empty Weight: 10270kg  Max.Weight: 13200kg
       Speed: 515km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1755km
       Armament: 4*mg7.9mm 4*g20mm 1*mg13mm
Do 317, Dornier
       High-altitude medium bomber developed from the {Do 217}. One was
       built, six more were converted to Do 217R on the production line.
       Type: Do 317V1
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1943  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 1290kW Daimler-Benz DB603A
       Speed: 530km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Do 335 Pfeil, Dornier
       The Do 335 employed a novel engine arrangment, with one engine in
       the nose and one behind the wing, the latter driving a propeller
       in the extreme tail. The Do 335 was a fast and powerful aircraft,
       but not more than 28 were completed before the end of WWII. There
       were single-seat fighter-bomber and two-seat nightfighter versions.
       Type: Do 335A-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1943  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 1305kW Daimler-Benz DB603A-2
       Wing Span: 13.80m  Length: 13.85m  Height: 5.00m  Wing Area: 38.50m2
       Empty Weight: 7400kg  Max.Weight: 9600kg
       Speed: 770km/h  Ceiling: 11400m  Range: 1380km
       Armament: 1*g30mm 2*g20mm 1000kg
Do 435, Dornier
       Project for a reengined {Do 335}.
Do 635, Dornier
       Project for a twin-fuselage fighter, using the fuselages of the
       {Do 335}. Apparently development was undertaken by Junkers, and
       the designation Ju 635 was also used. 
Do C3, Dornier
       See {Do 22}.
Do C4, Dornier
       See {Do 10}.
Do F, Dornier
       See {Do 11}.
Do H Falke, Dornier
       The Do H was a single-seat fighter of all-metal construction, with
       a cantilever parasol wing. Only five of the radical Falke were
       built; because of the Versailles treaty, they were constructed in
       Switzerland and Italy. One was evaluated in the USA as the Wright
       {WP-1}, and one was sold to Japan to become the basis of the
       Kawasaki {KDA-3} fighter. 
       Type: Do H
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1922  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 320hp Wright H-3
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 7.43m  Height: 2.66m  Wing Area: 20.0m2
       Empty Weight: 825kg  Max.Weight: 1213kg
       Speed: 261km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 349km
       Armament: 
Do J Wal, Dornier
       The Wal was one of the best flying boats of the period between the
       world wars. It was originally built in Italy, because the Versailles
       treaty did not allow aircraft production in Germany. The Wal was a
       sturdy all-metal flying boat of clean design, with two engines
       in a tandem arrangment on the center section of the high-set wing.
       Over 320 built, in numerous different versions.
       Type: Do J
       Function: transport
       Year: 1922  Crew:   Engines: 2 * 600hp BMW VI
       Speed: 225km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2200km
       Armament:
Do N, Dornier
       The Do N was virtually a land version of the Wal. The sponsons were
       eliminated, and wheels added. It was also built in Japan, and known
       there as the {Ka 87}. 28 built.
       Type: Do N
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1926  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 365kW BMW VI
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling: 9000ft  Range: 6h
       Armament: 1000kg
Do P, Dornier
       The Do P was a bomber with four 510hp Bristol Jupiter engines in
       two tandem nacelles on top of the wing. 1930. Two built.
       Type: Do P
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1930  Crew: 5-6  Engines: 4 * 510hp Bristol Jupiter
       Speed: 210km/h  Ceiling: 3050m  Range: 1000km
       Armament:
Do Y, Dornier
       Medium bomber. The Do Y had a high-set wing and and three engines,
       two on the wing leading edge and the third on struts above the wing.
       Few built.
       Type: Do Y
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1931  Crew:   Engines: 3 * Siemens Jupiter VI
       Speed: 300km/h  Ceiling: 6500m  Range: 1500km
       Armament:
Dornier Cs I
       Two-seat fighter, a single-engined floatplane of low-wing monoplane
       configuration. Few were built. 1918.
Dornier D I
       Biplane fighter of advanced design, with cantilever wings. A wing
       failure during trials ended hopes for the D I.
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 135kW BMW
       Speed: 201km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Dornier Rs I
       Large biplane flying boat. With a wing span of 43.5m, this was
       in 1918 the largest aircraft ever built.
       Type: Rs I
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 3 * 240hp Maybach
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Dornier Rs III
       Flying boat. The Rs III was a monoplane, with the wing fitted
       high on complicated struts above the fuselage. The two engine
       nacelles, each with two engines in tandem, were attached to these
       struts. The tailboom was fitted on top of the wing.
       Type: Rs III
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1917  Crew:   Engines: 4 * 245hp Maybach Mb IVa
       Speed: 135km/h  Ceiling: 2000m  Range: 12h
       Armament: 3*mg
Dornier Rs IV
       Development of the {Dornier Rs III}. The Rs IV was completed
       as a civil airliner.
       Type: Rs IV
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 4 * 245hp Maybach Mb IVa
       Speed: 138km/h  Ceiling: 1400m  Range: 10h
       Armament:
--E--------------------------------------------------------------------------
E 381, Arado
       Project for a parasite fighter, to be carried by the {Ar 234}C.
       Wing span roughly 16ft, length also 16ft. Empty weight 1963lb.
       The E 381 was powered by a Walter 509A-2 rocket engine. The 
       pilot lay prone. 
EF 127, Junkers
       Project for a rocket-engined point-defence interceptor. Cancelled.
EF 130, Junkers
       Project for a four-engined flying wing jet bomber, 1945. Four jet
       engines were to be close together on top of the mid aft section;
       the outer wing panels were wooden. A speed of 625mph and a range
       of 3700 miles were calculated.
Egrett, Grob G 520
       See {G 520}.
Elster B, Putzer
       High-wing cabin monoplane.
Etrich A II Taube
       The Taube was designed in 1910 by the Austrian I. Etrich. He
       didn't object to the copying of his design by other manufacturers.
       The Taube in one of its many forms was the most numerous German
       aircraft in the first year of WWI. The name was due to the elegantly
       curved wings, which were actually based on the shape of a kind of 
       seeds, not on that of a bird. 
       Type: A II Taube
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1912  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 100hp Mercedes
       Speed: 59mph  Ceiling: 9800ft  Range:
Euler D I
       Single-seat fighter biplane, a copy of the French {Nieuport 11}.
       A small number was built, intended to be used as fighter trainers.
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter / trainer
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 80hp Oberursel
       Wing Span: 8.10m  Length: 5.80m  Height: 2.66m  Wing Area: 13.00m2
       Empty Weight: 380kg  Max.Weight: 600kg
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg7.92mm
Euler D II
       Reengined {Euler D I}, also used as fighter trainer. Small
       number built.
       Type: D II
       Function: fighter / trainer
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Oberursel
       Wing Span: 7.47m  Length: 5.94m  Height: 2.75m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 380kg  Max.Weight: 615kg
       Speed: 145km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament:
Euler Doppeldecker Type 1
       Biplane fighter, the rebuilt prototype of
       the {Euler Dreidecker Type 3}. It was not accepted
       for production. 1918.
Euler Doppeldecker Type 2
       Small biplane fighter, having a configurational similarity with
       the {Nieuport 11} (and thus with the {Euler D II}). Allegedly
       this aircraft had an excellent performance, but it was subject
       to only limited testing. One built. 
       Type: Euler
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Siemens-Halske Sh III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Euler Dreidecker Type 2
       Triplane fighter. Performance was disappointing; the prototype was
       later modified to a biplane.
       Type: Dreidecker Type 2
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew:   Engines: 1 * 160hp Oberursel U III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Euler Dreidecker Type 3
       Single-seat fighter triplane. Performance fell short of expectation,
       and it was rebuilt as the {Euler Doppeldecker Type 3}. It was powered
       by a 160hp Mercedes D III. 1917.
Euler Dreidecker Type 4
       Single-seat triplane fighter, the most successful of the Euler
       triplane fighters --- what meant that it still was rejected by
       the German air force. It was powered by a 180hp Goebel Goe III
       rotary engine. 1918.
Euler Dreidecker Type 5
       This was a triplane development of the {Euler Vierdecker}, with
       conventional ailerons. 100hp Obersursel U I rotarty engine. 
Euler "Gelber Hund"
       Single-seat pusher biplane, with a fixed forward-firing machine gun.
       Euler demonstrated the fixed machine gun to the German army in 1912,
       and actually obtained a patent. In 1915 it designed a
       dedicated single-seat fighter for it. It remained a prototype.
       Type: Euler
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg7.92mm
Euler Versuchszweisitzer
       Two-seat pusher biplane, developed in parallel with the
       single-seat {Euler "Gelber Hund"}. The gunner first operated
       a gun turret in the extreme nose, but after a modification he
       had a 'pulpit' immediately in front of the wings, which offered
       a 360 degrees arc of fire, and the pilot operated a fixed
       machine gun. It was abandoned.
       Type: Euler
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 14.80m  Length: 9.30m  Height: 3.20m  Wing Area: 52.60m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 4hrs
       Armament: 2*mg
Euler Vierdecker
       'Quadruplane' fighter --- the top set of wing surfaces were all-
       moving and served as ailerons. Performance was poor. Two built.
       Type: Euler 
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Oberursel U I
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 46.17m2
       Empty Weight: 884kg  Max.Weight: 1386kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament:
Eurofighter 2000
       The European Fighter Aircraft, a medium-sized multi-role fighter
       to replace the {F-4} Phantom and the last {F-104} Starfighters.
       It is of canarded delta configuration, with rectanguler chin
       intakes for its twin engines. About 40% of its empty weight is
       made up by composite materials. It is being built by a consortium
       of British, German, Italian and Spanish firms. Prototypes have
       been flown. In-service date remains uncertain, but service entry
       in 2003 is planned. 
       Type: Eurofighter 2000
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1994  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 90kN Eurojet EJ200
       Wing Span: 10.95m  Length: 15.96m  Height: 5.28m  Wing Area: 50m2
       Empty Weight: 9750kg  Max.Weight: 21000kg
       Speed: Mach 2  Ceiling:   Range: 3700km
       Armament: 1*g27mm b,r,msl
--F--------------------------------------------------------------------------
F-4 Phantom II, McDonnell Douglas
       The {F-4} is a big twin-engined US-built fighter. The Luftwaffe
       purchased 263.
F.13, Junkers
       Directly after WWI Junkers began the design of the first all-metal
       monoplane civil transport, the F.13. It was based on the all-metal
       warplanes that Junkers had built during WWI. The F.13 was built with
       a variety of in-line and radial engines, with wheels, skis or
       floats. The 322 built included 60 or 70 subversions. A number were
       in use as military transport. As late as 1943, some were in service
       on the Eastern front.
       Type: F.13da
       Year: 1919  Crew: 2  Engines:  1 * 280hp Junkers L2
       Wing Span: 17.75m  Length: 9.60m  Height:   Wing Area: 44.0m2
       Empty Weight: 1150kg  Max Weight: 1730kg
       Speed: 171km/h  Ceiling: 4000m  Range: 950km
       Load: 4 seats
F-84F Thunderstreak, Republic
       The post-war Luftwaffe received 450 of the US-built swept-wing
       {F-84}F jet fighter and 108 of the RF-84F Thunderflash photo-recce
       version.
F-104 Starfighter, Lockheed
       The USAF quickly abandoned the basic {F-104} interceptor on favour
       of heavier fighters. For Germany the F-104G all-round version of the
       Starfighter was developed, and this became standard equipment for
       many European air forces. Germany received 463.
Fa 61, Focke-Achelis
       The Fa 61 was probably the first workable helicopter. It used a
       {Fw 44} fuselage with twin rotors on outriggers, driven by the
       engine in the nose. Hanna Reitsch made the Fa 61 famous by flying
       it indoors, in the 'Deutschlandhalle' in Berlin. Two were built.
       Type: Fa 61
       Function: experimental helicopter
       Year: 1937  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Siemens-Halske Sh 14A
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Fa 223 Drache, Focke-Achelis
       Twin-rotor transport helicopter. The two rotors were fitted to
       outriggers, and a T-tail was employed. Only a few reached service
       before the end of WWII, because the factories were repeatedly
       destroyed by allied bombing. Development continued in France after
       WWII.
       Type: Fa 223E
       Function: helicopter
       Year: 1943  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 735kW Bramo Fafnir 323D-3
       Wing Span: 24.4m  Length: 12.2m  Height:   Wing Area: 116.5m2
       Empty Weight: 2900kg  Max.Weight: 4200kg
       Speed: 200km/h  Ceiling: 4875m  Range: 700km
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm 2*b250kg
       Load: 5 seats
Fa 266 Hornisse, Focke-Achelis
       Development of {Fa 223}.
Fa 269, Focke-Achelis
       Project for a twin-rotor convertiplane. The rotors were to swivel
       to the vertical for landing and take-off, then rotated to act as
       pusher propellers in forward flight. Strangely enough, it was
       planned for the rotors to be rotated downwards for take-off and
       landing, so a very stalky undercarriage was needed. Initiated in
       1941.
Fa 284, Focke-Achelis
       Crane helicopter design, 1943. Never built.
       Type: Fa 284
       Function: crane helicopter
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 2 * BMW 801
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area:
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 15000kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Fa 269, Focke-Achelis
       Convertiplane VTOL -- the wingtip rotors could be tilted from
       horiontal (for take off) to vertical (for foward flight.)
       Never built.
Fa 325, Facoke-Achelis
       Rotorglider. The Fa 325 had the fuselage of the {DFS 230} glider
       with a three-bladed rotor. No production.
Fa 330 Bachstelze, Focke-Achelis
       This was a rotor kite, towed behind an U-boat to increase its
       vision range. The scheme was soon abandoned, because it cost
       too much time to recover it and its pilot when the U-boat was
       attacked. About 200 were built.
       Type: Fa 330
       Function: observation
       Year: 1942  Crew: 1  Engines: 0 *
       Wing Span: 7.3m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area:
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight:
       Speed: 25km/h  Ceiling: 125m  Range:
Fa 336, Focke-Achelis
       Project for a motorized version of the Fa 330. Not built. 
Fantrainer, RFB
       A little trainer powered by a large fan that forms part of the aft
       fuselage and is driven by a piston engine. It was tested by the
       Luftwaffe, as possible replacement for the {P.149}, but it was not
       ordered. It was ordered by Thailand, that later modified its
       aircraft by replacing the original glassfibre wing by a metal one,
       incorporating attachments for four pylons. 
       Type: Fantrainer 600
       Function: trainer
       Year: 1980  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 485kW Allison 250-C30
       Wing Span: 9.7m  Length: 9.48m  Height: 3.0m  Wing Area: 14.0m2
       Empty Weight: 1160kg  Max.Weight: 2300kg
       Speed: 555km/h  Ceiling: 7620m  Range: 1040km
FGP 227, Prag
       Reduced-scale (1:3.75) flying model of the {Bv 238}. The
       FGP 227 had six 15.7kW engines. It produced no data for
       the Bv 238 program.
Fh 104 Hallore, Siebel
       Light transport. 48 built.
       Type: Fh 104A
       Function: liaison
       Year: 1937  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 205kW Hirth HM 508C
       Speed: 350km/h  Ceiling: 6600m  Range:
       Load: 4 seats
Fi 98, Fieseler
       Biplane dive bomber that received little support. Two built.
       Type: Fi 98a
       Function: dive bomber
       Year: 1935  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 480kW BMW 132A-3
       Speed: 295km/h  Ceiling: 9000m  Range: 295km/h
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 4*b50kg
Fi 103 Reichenberg, Fieseler
       This was a manned version of the V-1 flying bomb. The pilot
       was supposed to bale out after aiming the aircraft, but his
       chances to actually do this were poor. 175 built, but never
       operationally used.
       Type: Fi 103
       Function: attack
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 350kg Argus As 014
       Wing Span: 5.72m  Length: 8.00m  Height:   Wing Area:
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight:
       Speed: 650km/h  Ceiling:  Range:
       Armament: 900kg
Fi 156 Storch, Fieseler
       The fragile-looking Fi 156 was a much admired STOL liaison
       aircraft. For a liaison aircraft, it was both large and
       powerful, with a generous wing fitted with leading and trailing
       edge flaps. 2549 built. The design was copied by the USSR and
       Japan, and production continued postwar in France and
       Czechoslovakia.
       Type: Fi 156C-2
       Function: liaison / observation
       Year: 1938  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 180kW Argus As 10C-3
       Wing Span: 14.25m  Length: 9.90m  Height: 3.05m  Wing Area: 26m2
       Empty Weight: 930kg  Max.Weight: 1325kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling: 4600m  Range: 385km
       Armament: 1*mg7.92mm
Fi 167, Fieseler
       The Fi 167 biplane was a shipboard attack aircraft,
       intended for the German aircraft carriers. It had
       remarkable STOL performance, but production was halted
       when construction of the carriers was halted. In 1942
       the carrier programme was restarted, but the Fi 167
       was considered obsolete and replaced by a version of
       the {Ju 87}. The final fate of the twelve aircraft built
       is unclear. 
       Type: Fi 167A-0
       Function: attack / reconnaissance
       Year: 1938  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 810kW Daimler-Benz DB601B
       Wing Span: 13.50m  Length: 11.40m  Height: 4.80m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 4850kg
       Speed: 320km/h  Ceiling: 8200m  Range: 1500km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 1000kg
Fi 256, Fieseler
       Enlarged {Fi 156}. Cancelled.
       Type: Fi 256
       Function: liaison
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * Argus As 10P
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Load: 4 seats
Fi 333, Fieseler
       Twin-engined utility monoplane design, with a detachable fuselage
       pod. Never built.
FiSk 199, Fieseler-Skoda
       This was a 1942 development of the {Bf 109} intended to carry a
       500kg bomb. To have enough ground clearance, an auxiliary,
       jettisonable, undercarriage leg was fitted just behind the cockpit.
       Probably no more than two built.
       Type: FiSk 199
       Function:
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * Daimler-Benz DB605A
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 1*b500kg 2*mg
Fl 185, Flettner
       Experimental helicopter. The Fl 185 had a single rotor and two (one?)
       pusher propellers on outriggers. For take-off the rotor was driven 
       and the propellers were used to to counteract torque; for forward 
       flight the rotor uncoupled and the Fl 185 was flown as an autogiro.
       Type: Fl 185
       Function: experimental
       Year: 1936  Crew:   Engines: 1 * 105kW Siemens-Halske Sh 14A
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Fl 265, Flettner
       Helicopter with two-bladed intermeshing rotors. The Fl 265 had a
       radial engine in the nose, and an enclosed cabin for the pilot.
       Ordered in production in 1940. It was the first helicopter to
       receive a production order, but after six had been built it was
       cancelled in favour of the more advanced {Fl 282}. The Fl 265 was 
       used in tests of shipboard helicopter operations.
       Type: Fl 265
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1939  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110kW Siemens Sh 14A
       Rotor Span: 12.30m  Length:   Height:   Disc Area: 237.65m2
       Empty Weight: 800kg  Max.Weight: 1000kg
       Speed: 160km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Fl 282 Kolibri, Flettner
       The Fl 282 was the most developed of all WWII helicopters. It
       had twin intermeshing rotors, and was intended for shipboard
       operations. Only about 20 prototypes reached service.
       Characteristic for the development of the Fl 282 was the
       gradual removal of more and more parts of the fuselage, to
       reduce weight. Very large orders were placed, but production
       was cut short by allied bombers and German disorganisation. Only
       24 were completed. 
       Type: Fl 282B
       Function: obersvation
       Year: 1941  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 110kW Siemens Halske Sh 14A
       Rotor Span: 11.96m  Length: 9.56m  Height: 2.20m  Disc Area: 224.7m2
       Empty Weight: 639kg  Max.Weight: 1000kg
       Speed: 150km/h  Ceiling: 4120m  Range: 300km
Fl 339, Flettner
       The Fl 339 helciopter was little more than a powered platform
       for two crewmen with back-to-back seats, a rotor and a tail.
       No production.
       Type: Fl 339
       Function: observation
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 175kW Argus As 10C
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Fokker A I
       Monoplane trainer and observation aircraft. 1914.
Fokker A II
       The M.5L version of the {Fokker M.5}, with long-span wings. 
Fokker A III
       The M.5K version of the {Fokker M.5}, with short-span wings. 
Fokker B I
       Biplane reconnaissance and trainer, built for Austria. 1915.
Fokker B II
       Reconaisance biplane, 62 built. See {Fokker M.17}.
Fokker B III
       Biplane reconnaissance aircraft, equivalent to the {Fokker D I}
       but in service with the Austro-Hungarian forces. Approx 30 built.
Fokker C I
       Biplane reconnaissance aircraft, very obviously a development
       of the {Fokker D VII} fighter. The C I was too late to enter
       service with the German air force. After the end of WWI, Anthony
       Fokker managed to transfer a number of aircraft and spare parts
       to the Netherlands. 250 were built, including 42 for the Soviet
       air force and 62 for the Dutch air force.
       Type: C I
       Country: Netherlands
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 138kW BMW IIIa
       Wing Span: 10.50m  Length: 7.23m  Height: 2.87m  Wing Area: 26.25m2
       Empty Weight: 855kg  Max.Weight: 1255kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling: 4000m  Range: 620km
       Armament: 2*mg7.7mm 4*b12.5kg
Fokker D I
       Single-seat fighter biplane, a development from the
       {Fokker M.17}. (See also {Fokker B II} and {Fokker D II}).
       With a heavy 120hp Mercedes engine, the D I was seriously
       underpowered. About 130 built.
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120hp Mercedes DII
       Wing Span: 9.05m  Length: 6.30m  Height: 2.55m  Wing Area: 20.00m
       Empty Weight: 463kg  Max.Weight: 670kg
       Speed: 105km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 1*mg
Fokker D II
       The D II was similar to the {Fokker D I}, but the relationship
       between the designs was a reverse one: The D I (Fokker M.18)
       was a development of the Fokker M.17, the fighter version of
       which was the D II. The D II was a bit smaller and the rotary
       engine was much lighter than the liquid-cooled one of the D I.
       The D II had better performance, but it was still insufficient.
       181 were delivered. 
       Type: D II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 75kW Oberursel U.I
       Wing Span: 9.05m  Length: 6.30m  Height: 2.25m  Wing Area: 20m2
       Empty Weight: 425kg  Max.Weight: 710kg
       Speed: 150km/h  Ceiling: 4700m  Range: 1.5hr
       Armament: 1-2*mg7.92mm
Fokker D III
       Development of the {Fokker D II} with a strengthened
       fuselage, {Fokker D I} wings, and a two-row rotary engine.
       Total production of the D II and D III was 291. The engine
       was unreliable. 
       Type: D III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Oberursel U III
       Wing Span: 9.05m  Length: 6.30m  Height: 2.25m  Wing Area: 20m2
       Empty Weight: 452kg  Max.Weight: 710kg
       Speed: 160km/h  Ceiling: 4725m  Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 1-2*mg7.92mm
Fokker D IV
       Improved {Fokker D I}, slightly larger and with more powerful
       engine. Performance was still disappointing. About 40 were built. 
       Type: D IV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes DIII
       Wing Span: 9.70m  Length: 6.30m  Height: 2.45m  Wing Area: 21m2
       Empty Weight: 606kg  Max.Weight: 840kg
       Speed: 160km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 1h 30min
       Armament: 1-2*mg7.92mm
Fokker D V
       The design of this Fokker fighter was completed by the later
       famous Reinhold Platz. The D V owed much to its precursors,
       but had a sweptback upper wing, and a cleanly cowled engine.
       The Albatros fighters were much superior, and the D V was
       used mostly as trainer. 216 built.
       Type: D V
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 75kW Oberursel U I
       Wing Span: 8.75m  Length: 6.05m  Height: 2.30m  Wing Area: 15.50m2
       Empty Weight: 363kg  Max.Weight: 566kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling: 4000m  Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 1*mg7.92mm
Fokker D VI
       The D VI biplane was constructed mainly as an insurance against
       problems with the {Fokker D VII}. It used a {Fokker Dr I} fuselage
       and a rotary engine with D VII wings. Only 59 built, because the
       D.VII was clearly superior. 
       Type: D VI
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 81kW Oberursel U II
       Wing Span: 7.65m  Length: 6.25m  Height: 2.55m  Wing Area: 17.70m2
       Empty Weight: 393kg  Max.Weight: 585kg
       Speed: 197km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Fokker D VII
       Considered by many to be the best fighter of WWI. The D.VII was  an
       angular biplane with excellent high-altitude performance and good
       flying characteristics. The treaty of Versailles specially demanded
       the surrender of all D VII's; many of these were given to the USA,
       and Switzerland. Fokker moved his activities to the Netherlands, and
       continued to build the D VII. The Dutch air force flew some D VII's
       until 1926, the Belgian Air Force until 1931, the Swiss air forces
       ordered eight new-built D.VIIs in 1928-1929. 
       Type: D VII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 140kW BMW IIIa
       Wing Span: 8.90m  Length: 6.95m  Height:   Wing Area: 20.50m2
       Empty Weight: 735kg  Max.Weight: 880kg
       Speed: 188km/h  Ceiling: 7000m  Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Fokker D VIII
       The D VIII was a parasol monoplane fighter. It was readily
       accepted by the German airforce, but its service entry was
       delayed by production problems with the wings. The D VIII
       was an excellent fighter, but its performance was reduced by
       an obsolete and low-powered engine. It was also known as the
       Fokker E V. About 290 were built. 
       Type: D VIII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 80kW Oberursel Ur II
       Wing Span: 8.35m  Length: 5.85m  Height: 2.80m  Wing Area: 10.70m2
       Empty Weight: 405kg  Max.Weight: 605kg
       Speed: 204km/h  Ceiling: 6300m  Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 2mg
Fokker D.XIII
       See {D.XIII}. This fighter was built in the Netherlands.
Fokker Dr I
       The Dr I was a small triplane, ordered following the succes of
       the British Sopwith {Triplane}. The Dr I prototypes first flew
       with cantilever wings, but after some accidents a single strut
       was added. Structural problems continued, and the wing
       construction had to be improved after production began. The Dr I
       was not very fast, and thus more useful in a defensive role; but
       it was highly manoeuvrable. Only 320 were built. Manfred Von
       Richthofen made the Dr I far more famous than the aircraft
       deserved.
       Type: Dr I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 80kW Oberursel Ur II
       Wing Span: 7.19m  Length: 5.77m  Height: 2.95m  Wing Area: 18.66m2
       Empty Weight: 406kg  Max.Weight: 586kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling: 6100m  Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Fokker E I
       Development of the {Fokker M.5}. The Fokker E was a mid-wing
       monoplane fighter with in general unimpressive performance, and
       not that many were built. But it was the first fighter with a
       synchronized, fixed, forward-firing machinegun. The effectiveness
       of the E I and its derivatives (E II, E III and E IV) created
       the 'Fokker Scourge'. 54 built.
       Type: E I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 80hp Oberursel U 0
       Wing Span: 8.95m  Length: 6.75m  Height: 2.40m  Wing Area: 14.40m2
       Empty Weight: 358kg  Max.Weight: 563kg
       Speed: 130km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 200km
       Armament: 1*mg
Fokker E II
       Development of the {Fokker E I}. Development of the model
       Fokker M.14 began before the synchronized armament was fitted
       to the E I. Most were delivered as armed aircraft, and 100hp
       Oberursel engines were fitted during overhaul. New-built
       aircraft to this standard were known as {Fokker E III}s.
       59 built.
Fokker E III
       Similar to the {Fokker E II}, but built from the outset with
       the 100hp Oberursel U I engine. Most built of the series with
       over 260. A second gun was sometimes added, but the additional
       weight seriously decreased performance. The E III was the most
       famous of the series; apart from its forward-firing gun, it had
       the advantages of maneuvrability and climbing speed, but was
       inferior to allied aircraft in other respects.
       Type: E III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 75kW Oberursel U I
       Wing Span: 9.50m  Length: 7.20m  Height: 2.40m  Wing Area: 16m2
       Empty Weight: 399kg  Max.Weight: 610kg
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling: 4100m  Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 1-2*mg
Fokker E IV
       Development of the {Fokker E III} with a 160hp twin-row Oberursel
       rotary engine, often fitted with twin guns, some with three guns.
       Only 49 were built, partly because the increased gyroscopic effect
       made the E IV more difficult to fly than the E III, partly because
       the aircraft became obsolete.
       Type: E IV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160 Oberursel U III
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 7.50m  Height: 2.77m  Wing Area: 16.30m2
       Empty Weight: 460kg  Max.Weight: 724kg
       Speed: 166km/h  Ceiling: 4500m  Range: 240km
       Armament: 2*mg
Fokker E V
       See {Fokker D VIII}.
Fokker F I
       Renamed {Fokker Dr I}. The three F I fighter could be
       distinguished from the later Dr I only by the absence of
       wooden skids under the wingtips. 
Fokker K I
       Twin-engined fighter. The K I was a biplane with twin tail booms.
       In the nose of each boom there was a position for a gunner; the
       central nacelle contained the pilots seat and two 80hp Oberursel
       engines, one pusher and and one tractor. 1915. The conbination
       of wing warping control and twin, unconnected tail booms resulted in
       some undesirable handling characteristics, and was abandoned after
       only brief testing. One built. 
       Type: K I 
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 80hp Oberursel U 0
       Armament: 2*mg
Fokker M.1
       This was the military version of Anthony Fokker's first aircraft,
       the 'Spin' (Spider). The M.1 was a two-seat monoplane. From 1913
       onwards it was used by military flying schools.
Fokker M.2
       Development of the {Fokker M.1}. The M.2 was a monoplane trainer;
       it was ordered together with a special transport car.
       Type: M.2
       Function: trainer
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 100hp Argus
       Speed: 100km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Fokker M.3
       Development of the {Fokker M.2}.
Fokker M.4
       Single-engined monoplane.
Fokker M.5
       Mid-wing monoplane, flown in mid-1914. The M.5 was of mixed
       construction, with a steel-tube fuselage and wooden wings --
       the constructional method that would remain typical for Fokker
       aircraft. It was sold to the Prussian army as the {Fokker A II}
       and {Fokker A III}, and was developed into the {Fokker E I}. 
Fokker M.6
       Two-seat parasol wing aircraft, 1914. 80hp Oberursel engine.
       One built.
Fokker M.7
       Biplane reconnaissance aircraft, approx 20 built for the German
       Navy in 1915. The M.7 was Fokker's first wartime order.
Fokker M.8
       See {Fokker A I}.
Fokker M.9
       See {Fokker K I}.
Fokker M.10E
       See {Fokker B I}.
Fokker M.14
       See {Fokker E II} and {Fokker E III}.
Fokker M.15
       See {Fokker E IV}. 
Fokker M.16E
       Experimental two-seat biplane fighter. The deep, angular fuselage
       filled the gap between the wings completely. Prototype only,
       despite an Austrian order for 26 aircraft. 
       Type: M.16
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 200hp Austro-Daimler 
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg
Fokker M.16Z
       See {Fokker B III}.
Fokker M.17
       Single-seat development of the M.16 with an 100hp Oberursel engine.
       After some tests, the fuselage was cut down and stagger was applied
       to the wings. It was produced as the unarmed {Fokker B II} and the
       armed {Fokker D II}.
Fokker M.18
       See {Fokker D I}. 
Fokker M.19
       See {Fokker D III}.
Fokker M.21
       See {Fokker D IV}.
Fokker M.22
       See {Fokker D V}.
Fokker V.1
       This was first Fokker designed entirely by Reinhold Platz. The V.1
       was a biplane, but had the typical, thick wooden cantilever wings
       used by Platz. The fuselage was tubby, but clean of lines, and the
       rotary engine was nicely cowled, with a large propeller spinner. It
       was considered too radical for service use. One built. 
       Type: V.1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110hp Le Rhone
       Wing Span: 7.87m  Length: 4.99m  Height: 2.74m  Wing Area: 15.00m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 178km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg
Fokker V.2
       This was development of the {Fokker V.1}, powered by a
       liquid-cooled in-line engine. To restore the CG, some sweepback
       was added to the upper wing outer panels. There is no record of
       any testing by the German armed forces. One built. 
       Type: V.2
       Function: fighter 
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 7.82m  Length: 5.21m  Height: 2.56m  Wing Area: 15.40m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Fokker V.3
       The V.3 was a development of the {Fokker V.2} with a larger wing.
       The variable incidence of the upper wing, as used for the V.1
       and V.2, was abandoned and a simplified set of struts with fixed
       incidence used. It was considered too difficult to fly for
       frontline pilots. One built. Some sources use the V.3 designation
       for the early {Fokker V.4} without wing struts. 
Fokker V.4
       The V.4 was a cantilever triplane, precursor of the {Fokker Dr I}.
       In a later stadium, single wing struts were added to reduce wing
       flexing. But in other respects the V.4 was very similar to the Dr I.
Fokker V.5
       Prototype for the {Fokker Dr I}. 
Fokker V.6
       Triplane fighter, developed parallel with the {Fokker V.5}.
       The V.6 was powered by a heavier, liquid-cooled engine, and
       therefore was given larger wings. It was less manouevrable
       than the V.5, and development did not proceed. One built. 
       Type: V.6
       Function: fighter 
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Fokker V.7
       Experimental version of the {Fokker Dr I} with a
       145hp Oberursel Ur III, a 160hp Siemens-Halske engine,
       a 145hp Le Rhone, or a 170hp Goebel Goe III. Four built. 
Fokker V.8
       Bizarre single-seat fighter with five wings. Three wings were fitted
       in the familiar position closely behind the propeller, but two more
       were halfway the fuselage, just behind the cockpit. Fokker flew it
       twice and then ordered to scrap it. It was powered by a 160hp
       Mercedes D III engine. 1917. 
Fokker V.9
       Biplane fighter, with the fuselage of the {Fokker Dr I}. Prototype
       of the V.12, V.16, V.14 and V.13, a series which culminated in the
       {Fokker D.VI}. 
Fokker V.11
       Prototype of the {Fokker D VII}.
Fokker V.12
       Development of the {Fokker V.9}. 110hp Oberursel Ur II engine. 
Fokker V.13
       Development of the {Fokker V.9}. Prototype of the {Fokker D VI}.
       The V.13 had a 160hp Siemens-Halske Sh III engine, but this was
       not available for the production aircraft. 
Fokker V.14
       Development of the {Fokker V.9}. 160hp Steyr-Le Rhone engine.
Fokker V.16
       Development of the {Fokker V.9}. 110hp Oberursel Ur II engine. 
Fokker V.17
       The V.17 was a radical mid-wing monoplane fighter. The V.17 was of
       mixed construction with plywood skinning. The German military was
       not interested. One built. 
       Type: V.17
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110hp Oberursel Ur II
       Wing Span:   Length: 5.77m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 381kg  Max.Weight: 461kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Fokker V.20
       The V.20 monoplane fighter was of similar configuration as the
       {Fokker V.17}, but powered by a 160hp Mercedes engine. The German
       military was still rejected the type. One built.
       Type: V.20
       Function: fighter
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Fokker V.23
       Despite the rejection of the {Fokker V.17} and {Fokker V.20},
       Fokker continued the development of the mid-wing, cantilever
       monoplane fighter. It had the familiar mixed construction. The
       German military rejected the V.23 on sight, claiming that the
       cockpit offered inadequate forward view. One built.
       Type: V.23
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes DIII
       Wing Span: 8.73m  Length: 5.80m  Height: 2.65m  Wing Area: 11.12m2
       Empty Weight: 673kg  Max.Weight: 853kg
       Speed: 200km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Fokker V.25
       The V.25 monoplane fighter was developed in parallel with the
       {Fokker V.23}. It had a low-set wing, which improved the view
       from the cockpit, and was a bit smaller. The Oberursel rotary
       engine was now considered insufficiently powerful, and the V.25
       was abandoned. 
       Type: V.25
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110hp Oberursel Ur II
       Wing Span: 8.73m  Length: 5.93m  Height: 2.63m  Wing Area: 11.12m2
       Empty Weight: 384kg  Max.Weight: 564kg
       Speed: 200km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Fokker V.26
       Prototype of the {Fokker D VIII}.
Fokker V.27
       Enlarged {Fokker V.26} with a 195hp Mercedes engine. 1918.
Fokker V.29
       Enlarged {Fokker V.26} with a 160hp Mercedes engine. 1918.
Fokker V.33
       This was the final development of the {Fokker V.9} series of
       biplane fighters with rotary engines. One built.
       Type: V.33
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 145hp Oberursel Ur III
       Wing Span: 7.24m  Length: 5.46m  Height: 2.31m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 397kg  Max.Weight: 616kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Fokker V.34
       Development of the {Fokker D VII} with a 185hp BMW engine. 1918.
       One built. 
Fokker V.36
       Development of the {Fokker D VII} with a 185hp BMW engine, similar
       to the {Fokker V.34}, but with the fuel tank transferred to an
       aerodynamic fairing of the undercarriage axle. 1918. One built. 
Fokker V.37
       Armoured ground-attack fighter, a parasol monoplane. 1918.
Fokker V.38
       Enlarged {Fokker D VII}, prototype of the {Fokker C I}
       reconnaissance aircraft. 1918.
Fokker V.41
       Completed in the Netherlands as the {Fokker D.X} fighter. 
Fokker W.3
       Floatplane version of the {Fokker M.7}.
Friedrichshafen D I
       This was a land-based fighter, broadly based on the
       {Friedrichshafen FF 46}. Performance and handling of the
       D I were considered unsatisfactory, and only two were built.
       Type: D I 
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew:   Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes DIII
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 7.10m  Height: 2.70m  Wing Area: 25.80m2
       Empty Weight: 686kg  Max.Weight: 901kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2* mg7.92mm
Friedrichshafen FF 29
       Two-seat biplane on floats. 34 were built, and used by the German
       Navy in the beginning of WWI. In 1915, one flew a reconnaissance
       mission from the deck of the submarine U-12, which of course
       could not dive with the FF 29 on its deck. The FF 29 was powered
       by a 120hp Mercedes D II engine.
Friedrichshafen FF 33
       The FF 33 was a shipboard reconnaissance aircraft and fighter, on
       floats.
       Type: FF 33L
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 110kW Benz Bz III
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling: 4420m  Range: 5h
       Armament: 2*mg
Friedrichshafen FF 34
       Twin-boom pusher seaplane. Prototype only.
Friedrichshafen FF 39
       Development of the {Friedrichshafen FF 33} with strengthened
       fuselage and 200hp Benz engine. Only 14 built.
Friedrichshafen FF 40
       The FF 40 had one 240hp Maybach engine and twin tractor
       propellers. Prototype only.
Friedrichshafen FF 41
       Naval development of the Friedrichshafen G bombers. Nine
       built.
Friedrichshafen FF 43
       Single-seat biplane fighter on floats. The FF 43 was a clean, if
       angular aircraft, with a hump-backed fuselage that ensured the pilot
       of a good forward view. After operational testing, the FF 43 was
       not ordered for production. One built. 
       Type: FF 43
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes DIII
       Wing Span: 9.92m  Length: 8.55m  Height: 3.35m  Wing Area: 31.00m2
       Empty Weight: 798kg  Max.Weight: 1078kg
       Speed: 163km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg
Friedrichshafen FF 46
       See {Friedrichshafen D I}. 
Friedrichshafen FF 48
       Two-seat fighter seaplane.  Three built.
       Type: FF 48
       Function: fighter
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 179kW Maybach
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 5h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Friedrichshafen FF 49
       Development of the {Friedrichshafen FF 39}. Between 200 and 500
       were built, and served until the end of WWI. 
       Type: FF 49c
       Function: reconnaissance / fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 149kW Benz Bz.IV
       Wing Span: 17.15m  Length: 11.65m  Height: 4.50m  Wing Area: 71.40m2
       Empty Weight: 1515kg  Max.Weight: 2145kg
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 5h 30min
       Armament: 
Friedrichshafen FF 53
       Torpedo bomber, 194kW Mercedes engine. Three built.
Friedrichshafen FF 54
       The FF 54 was a land-based quadruplane fighter. The two middel wings
       were of narrow chord, the upper and lower wing of broad chord. The
       wings were connected by I-struts. The fuselage was rotund and whale-
       shaped. After some testing in 1918 the third wing (numebred from top)
       was deleted. One built.
       Type: FF 54
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Friedrichshafen FF 59
       Development of the {Friedrichshafen FF 49} with a wider shooting
       arc for the aft gun.
Friedrichshafen FF 60
       Four-engined triplane. One built.
Friedrichshafen FF 64
       Three built. Shipboard seaplane. 160hp Mercedes D III engine.
Friedrichshafen G I
       Prototype of the {Friedrichshafen G II}.
Friedrichshafen G II
       Twin-engined bomber, 1916. 225hp Benz engines, crew of three. Not
       very successful. 
Friedrichshafen G III
       A large biplane bomber with two pusher engines. 338 built.
       Type: G III
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1917  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 190kW Mercedes D IVa
       Wing Span: 23.70m  Length: 12.80m  Height:   Wing Area: 95m2
       Empty Weight: 2596kg  Max.Weight: 3930kg
       Speed: 135km/h  Ceiling: 4510m  Range: 5h
       Armament: 2-3*mg 1500kg
Friedrichshafen G IV
       Twin-engined bomber, the final development in the
       {Friedrichshafen G I}, {Friedrichshafen G II}, and
       {Friedrichshafen G III} series. The G IV had twin tails,
       260hp Mercedes tractor engines, a blunt nose without gunner
       that did hardly protrude from the wings, and longer wingspan.
       All these changes enabled it to stay into the air for 90
       minutes on one engine, much better than other types. No
       production was undertaken before the end of the war.
       Type: G IVa
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1918  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 260hp Mercedes D IVa
       Speed: 142km/h  Ceiling: 3600m  Range: 5h
       Armament: 2-3*mg
Fw VII, Focke-Wulf
       Project for an interceptor with a Heinkel HeS 001 jet and
       Walter 509 rocket engine.
Fw 44 Stieglitz, Focke-Wulf
       Biplane trainer. The Fw 44 had a fuselage of steel tube and wooden
       wings, covered with triplex and cloth. The Fw 44 was an excellent
       aerobatic aircraft. It was used throughout WWII, exported to many
       countries and license-built in Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Bulgaria
       and Sweden. 
       Type: Fw 44C
       Function: trainer / liaison / observation
       Year: 1932  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 112kW Siemens Sh 14A
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 7.30m  Height: 2.70m  Wing Area: 20.00m2
       Empty Weight: 525kg  Max.Weight: 900kg
       Speed: 185km/h  Ceiling: 3900m  Range: 675km
Fw 56 Stosser, Focke-Wulf
       The Fw 56 was home defence fighter and advanced trainer. A parasol 
       monoplane with an open cockpit. Approx 900 built.
       Type: Fw 56A-1
       Function: trainer / fighter
       Year: 1935  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180kW Argus As 10C
       Wing Span: 10.50m  Length: 7.70m  Height: 3.55m  Wing Area: 14m2
       Empty Weight: 695kg  Max.Weight: 995kg
       Speed: 278km/h  Ceiling: 6200m  Range: 400km
       Armament: 1-2*mg7.9mm 3*b10kg
Fw 57, Focke-Wulf
       Twin-engined, three-seat strategic fighter. The Fw 57 was a
       contemporary of the {Bf 110}, with which it competed for orders.
       It featured a powered dorsal gun turret, and a glazed nose with
       twin semi-flexible cannon operated by the third crewmember. 
       The Fw 57 was overweight and underpowered. Three built.
       Type: Fw 57V1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1936  Crew: 3  Engines: 1 * 960hp Daimler-Benz DB 600
       Wing Span: 25.00m  Length: 16.57m  Height: 4.10m  Wing Area: 73.50m2
       Empty Weight: 6800kg  Max.Weight: 8300kg
       Speed: 404km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 3*g20mm
Fw 58 Weihe, Focke-Wulf
       Light twin-engined monoplane, of metal construction with fabric
       covering. The Fw 58 was used as utility aircraft, trainer, light 
       bomber, ambulance and liaison aircraft. 1987 built.
       Type: Fw 58B-1
       Function: transport / trainer
       Year: 1937  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 180kW Argus As 10C
       Wing Span: 21.00m  Length: 14.00m  Height: 3.90m  Wing Area: 47m2
       Empty Weight: 2400kg  Max.Weight: 3600kg
       Speed: 270km/h  Ceiling: 5600m  Range: 800km
       Armament: 1*mg7.92mm
Fw 61, Focke-Wulf
       More correct designation for the {Fa 61}.
Fw 62, Focke-Wulf
       Reconnaissance floatplane, a biplane intended for shipboard
       duties. The {Ar 196} was preferred, and the Fw 62 was merely
       a back-up design. Only four were built.
       Type: Fw 62V1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1937  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 *  870hp BMW 132H
       Wing Span: 12.35m  Length: 11.15m  Height: 4.30m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 2750kg
       Speed: 250km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Fw 159, Focke-Wulf
       The Fw 159 was a clean parasol-wing fighter with retractable
       landing gear, competing with the Messerschmitt {Bf 109}. Three
       were built.
       Type: Fw 159V3
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1937  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 600hp Jumo 210
       Speed: 388km/h  Ceiling: 7200m  Range:
       Armament: 1*g20mm 2*mg7.92mm
Fw 186, Focke-Wulf
       Autogiro, powered by a 175kW Argus As 10 engine. This aircraft
       was built to the same requirement as the {Fi 156} Storch. It
       did not enter production. 
Fw 187 Falke, Focke-Wulf
       The Fw 187 was a heavy twin-engined fighter. Despite very good
       performance, the Luftwaffe showed no interest, as it was firmly
       committed to the {Bf 110}. Nine built.
       Type: Fw 187A-0
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1937  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 515kW Junkers Jumo 210Ga
       Wing Span: 15.30m  Length: 11.10m  Height: 3.85m  Wing Area: 30.40m2
       Empty Weight: 3700kg  Max.Weight: 5000kg
       Speed: 530km/h  Ceiling: 10000m  Range:
       Armament: 4*mg7.9mm 2*g20mm
Fw 189 Uhu, Focke-Wulf
       This was an twin-boom tactical reconnaissance aircraft with
       an extensively glazed nacelle. The Fw 189 was a very effective
       aircraft, maneuverable and sturdy. A few were used as
       nightfighters. There was also a Fw 189C five-seat trainer (few
       built), and a Fw 189B anti-tank aircraft with a small armored
       nacelle (The {Hs 129} was preferred). Total production was 864. 
       Type: Fw 189A-1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1940  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 347kW Argus AS 410A-1
       Wing Span: 18.40m  Length: 12.03m  Height: 3.10m  Wing Area: 38m2
       Empty Weight: 2805kg  Max.Weight: 3950kg
       Speed: 335km/h  Ceiling: 7000m  Range: 670km
       Armament: 4-6*mg7.92mm 4*b50kg
Fw 190, Focke-Wulf
       The small Fw 190 was one of the greatest fighters of WWII.
       Designed by Dr. Kurt Tank, the Fw 190 was built as a sturdy
       all-round fighter, rather than a lightweight interceptor; but
       the early Fw 190A's nevertheless proved clearly superior to
       the {Spitfire} Mk.V. The Fw 190 was a better fighter than the
       {Bf 109}, except at high altitude. The radial-engine Fw 190 was
       also succesfully developed into a series of fighter-bombers. The
       Fw 190D-series used a liquid-cooled Junkers engine instead of
       the radial BMW, and had increased span and length. The Fw 190D
       was a very good high-altitude interceptor, equal to the {P-51}D
       or Spitfire XIV and without the altitude limitations of the
       Fw 190A. It was the stepping-stone to the {Ta 152}. Total Fw 190
       production was 20001.
       Type: Fw 190A-3
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1942  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1250kW BMW 801D-2
       Speed: 636km/h  Ceiling: 11300m  Range: 800km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 4*g20mm
       Type: Fw 190D-9
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1300kW Junkers Jumo 213A-1
       Wing Span: 10.50m  Length: 10.20m  Height: 3.35m  Wing Area: 18.30m2
       Empty Weight: 3490kg  Max.Weight: 4840kg
       Speed: 685km/h  Ceiling: 12000m  Range: 835km
       Armament: 2*mg13mm 2*g20mm 500kg
Fw 191, Focke-Wulf
       The Fw 191 was a high-altitude bomber. Development problems
       caused its abandonment. Three built.
       Type: Fw 191
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1942  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 2110kW Daimler-Benz DB610A
       Speed: 566km/h  Ceiling: 9000m  Range:
       Armament: 2-4*g20mm 4-0*mg13mm 2000kg
Fw 200 Condor, Focke-Wulf
       The Fw 200 was designed as an advanced civilian transport
       aircraft. A military version became infamous as long-range
       maritime reconnaissance aircraft, seeking targets for U-boats.
       The Fw 200 was not stressed for military service, and many broke
       up at landing. From 1944 onward they were relegated to transport
       duties. 276 were built. The Fw 200 also served as VIP transport,
       and one was Hitlers personal aircraft, the "Immelmann III". 
       Type: Fw 200C-3/U4
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1939  Crew: 7-8  Engines: 4 * 895kW BMW Bramo 323R-2
       Wing Span: 32.85m  Length: 23.45m  Height: 3.30m  Wing Area: 119.85m2
       Empty Weight: 17005kg  Max.Weight: 24520kg
       Speed: 360km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 3560km
       Armament: 1*g20mm 5*mg13mm 4*b250kg
Fw 261, Focke-Wulf
       Project for a four-engined bomber with twin tail booms (fitted on the
       outer engine nacelles, and not connectyed by the tailplane). Never
       built.
       Type: Fw 261
       Function: reconnaissance / bomber
       Year: (1945)  Crew: 7  Engines: 4 * 2000hp BMW 801F
       Speed: 455km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 8500km
       Armament: 10000kg 10*g
Fw 283, Focke-Wulf
       Ram-jet fighter. The Fw 283 carried two ramjet engines on the tips
       of its swept-back tailplane; a liquid fuel rocket in the tail
       would have accelerated the Fw 283 to the operating speed of the
       ramjets. Not built.
       Type: Fw 283
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1945  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * Walter
                                     2 * Focke-Wulf
       Wing Span: 7.8m  Length: 11.5m  Height: 2.9m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 1100km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 224km
       Armament:
Fw 300, Focke-Wulf
       Improved {Fw 200}. Design only.
--G--------------------------------------------------------------------------
G 38, Junkers
       The G 38 was one of the most remarkable aircraft of the 30s. It had
       an enormous, thick wing with corrugated skinning, with a wing root
       depth of 2.02m. Cabins with two or threee seats each were installed
       in the wing roots. The fuselage, altough relatively small, had two
       decks. Only two were built, similar in general layout but very
       different in detail. They were the worlds largest airliners. 
       In September 1939 the second G 38 was impressed by the Luftwaffe.
       A bomber version, the {K 51}, was never built, but the Japanese
       {Ki-20} heavy bomber was derived from it. 
       Type: G 38ce
       Function: transport
       Year: 1932  Crew: 7  Engines: 4 * 750hp Junkers L 88a
       Wing Span: 44m  Length: 23.2m  Height: 7.2m  Wing Area: 305m2
       Empty Weight: 16400kg  Max.Weight: 23000kg
       Speed: 210km/h  Ceiling: 3100m  Range: 10hrs
       Load: 34 seats
G.91, Fiat
       The Italian {G.91} was declared winner of a NATO-competition for a
       lightweight strike aircraft. It is a small swept-wing subsonic
       aircraft, similar in appearance to the {F-86}K. Germany bought 411.
       Type: G.91R-3
       Function: attack
       Year: 1959  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 2270kg Bristol Orpheus 801/02
       Wing Span: 8.56m  Length: 10.29m  Height: 4.00m  Wing Area: 16.42m2
       Empty Weight: 3269kg  Max.Weight: 5670kg
       Speed: 1090km/h	Ceiling: 13260m  Range: 1850km
       Armament: 2*g20mm 680kg
G 115, Grob
       The G 115 trainer is offered in versions with a piston engine and
       fixed undercarriage or with a turboprop engine and retractable
       landing gear. It is of composite construction. 
       Type: G 115T
       Function: trainer
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 194kW Textron Lycoming AEIO-540-D4A5
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 8.2m  Height: 2.57m  Wing Area: 13.13m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 1300kg
       Speed: 330km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1310km
G 520 Strato 1, Grob
       High-altitude research and surveillance aircraft. The G 520 has
       a high aspect-ratio wing, not unlike those of a glider. It is
       constructed of advanced composite materials. Sensors are
       carried in twelve air-conditioned equipment bays. The G 520T is
       a two-seat trainer version.
       Type: G 520
       Function: research
       Year: 1989  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 560kW Garrett TPE331-14F-801L
       Wing Span: 33.00m  Length: 13.67m  Height: 5.66m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 4700kg
       Speed:   Ceiling: 15240m  Range: 
       Payload: 1000kg
G 850 Strato 2, Grob
       Large high-altitude research aircvraft. Like the G 52 Strato 1,
       the Strato 2 has a high-aspect ratio wing and is of composite
       construction. It is powered by two turbosupercharged pusher
       engines, installed in nacelles on top of the shoulder wing.
       Type: G 850
       Function: research
       Year: 1995  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 300kW Teledyne-Continental
                                         TSIOL-550 Voyager
       Wing Span: 56.50m  Length: 24.00m  Height: 7.80m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 13350kg
       Cruise Speed: 463km/h at 22000m  Ceiling: 23000m  Range: 8710km
       Payload: 1000kg
Gannet, Fairey
       The {Gannet} was a British ASW aircraft. Sixteen were delivered to
       the Bundesmarine.
Geest
       Biplane fighter, designed around the so-called 'Moewe' (gull) wing.
       This was not a gull-wing in the normal sense, but a complex wing
       with variable incidence, thickness and dihedral along its span.
       It offered very good stability, but the concept was not developed
       further. One built.
       Type: Geest
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 160km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Gelber Hund
       See {Euler "Gelber Hund"}.
Go 9, Goeppingen
       Test aircraft with the configuration of the {Do 335}.
Go 145, Gotha
       Trainer biplane, over 9500 built. Some were used as night
       harassment bombers on the eastern front. Also built in Spain.
       Type: Go 145C
       Function: trainer / attack
       Year: 1935  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 175kW Argus As 10C
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 8.70m  Height: 2.90m  Wing Area: 21.75m2
       Empty Weight: 880kg  Max.Weight: 1380kg
       Speed: 212km/h  Ceiling: 3700m  Range: 630km
       Armament: 0-1*mg7.9mm b70kg
Go 147, Gotha
       Reconnaissance aircraft, 1936.
Go 229, Gotha
       Designation often given to the planned production version of the
       {Ho IX}. It seems that Ho 229 is more correct.
Go 242, Gotha
       Twin-boom assault and transport glider. 1528 built.
       Type: Go 242A-1
       Function: glider
       Year: 1942  Crew: 2-5  Engines: 0 *
       Speed: 290km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 4*mg7.9mm
       Load: 23 seats
Go 244, Gotha
       Engined development of the {Go 242}, quickly withdrawn because of
       its vulnerability. 176 built.
       Type: Go 244B-2
       Function: transport
       Year: 1942  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 525kW Gnome-Rhone 14M
       Wing Span: 24.50m  Length: 15.80m  Height: 4.70m  Wing Area: 64.40m2
       Empty Weight: 5100kg  Max.Weight: 7800kg
       Speed: 290km/h  Ceiling: 7650m  Range: 740km
       Armament: 4-6*mg7.92mm
       Load: 23 seats
Go 345, Gotha
       Design for a transport glider of conventional layout. 1944.
Gotha Ursinus G I
       Bomber, 1915. Designed by Ursinus and Friedel. The G I was a
       biplane with two engines fitted on top of the lower wing, while
       the upper wing passed through the high-set fuselage. This
       configuration made it possible to place the engines close
       together for better one-engine handling. There was also a
       seaplane version with twin floats.
       Type: G I
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2-3  Engines: 2 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Speed: 130km/h  Ceiling: 2700m  Range:
       Armament: 1-2*mg
Gotha G II
       Bomber, the first Gotha bomber of own design. The engines were
       troublesome and production shifted to the {Gotha G III}.
       Type: G II
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1916  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 220hp Benz D IV
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Gotha G III
       Reengined {Gotha G II}. It was powered by Benz D VIa engines.
       Continued development produced the {Gotha G IV}. 
Gotha G IV
       Development of the {Gotha G III}. Mainstay of the German strategic
       bomber program. Later versions had biplane tails with twin fins and
       eliminated the position for the nose gunner. The blunt nose made it
       possible to place the engines closer together, and together with
       placing the tailfins in the slipstream this gave better one-engine
       performance -- making it possible to run the engine at full power.
       But none of the type G twin-engined biplanes could fly level on
       one engine. Another feature of the Gotha G was a 'tunnel' in the
       bottom of the tail, that made it possible for the tail gunner to
       cover the lower rear of the aircraft.
       Type: G IV
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1915  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 260hp Mercedes D IVa
       Speed: 88mph  Ceiling: 21320ft  Range: 522 mls
       Armament: 2*mg 1100lb
Gotha G V
       Twin-engined biplane bomber.
       Type: G V
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1917  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 190kW Mercedes D IVa
       Wing Span: 23.70m  Length: 11.86m  Height: 4.30m  Wing Area: 89.50m2
       Empty Weight: 2740kg  Max.Weight: 3975kg
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling: 6500m  Range: 840km
       Armament: 2*mg 500kg
Gotha G VIII
       The last of the big Gotha bombers. The G VIII had tractor propellers
       instead of the pushers props of its predecessors.
       Type: G VIII
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1918  Crew:   Engines: 2 *
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Gotha LD 5
       Single-seat reconnaissance biplane. 100hp Oberursel engine. 1914.
Gotha WD 2
       Single-engined float biplane. 1915.
Gotha WD 3
       Twin-boom pusher seaplane. Prototype only. 1915.
Gotha WD 5
       Tractor seaplane. One built. 1915.
Gotha WD 7
       Twin-engined seaplane. Mainly used as trainers.
Gotha WD 8
       Seaplane. 1915.
Gotha WD 9
       Seaplane. Mercedes D III engine.
Gotha WD 11
       Biplane on floats with two pusher engines. 1917.
       Type: WD 11
       Function: torpedo bomber
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 119kW Mercedes D III
       Speed: 120km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 1*mg 725kg
Gotha WD 12
       Seaplane. Mercedes D III engine.
Gotha WD 13
       Seaplane. 150hp Benz Bz III engine.
Gotha WD 14
       Torpedo bomber, that proved to be entirely unfit for this task.
       The 69 built were used for minelaying and reconnaissance, until
       they were withdrawn and scrapped. The WD 14 had a slender
       fuselage with a downwards sloping nose, twin floats and tractor
       engines.
       Type: WD 14
       Function: torpedo bomber
       Year: 1916  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 150kW Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 25.50m  Length: 14.45m  Height: 5m  Wing Area: 132m2
       Empty Weight: 3150kg  Max.Weight: 4642kg
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling: 3200m  Range: 8h
       Armament: 2*mg 1*t
Gotha WD 15
       Seaplane. 260hp Mercedes D IVa engine.
Gotha WD 20
       Development of the {Gotha WD 14} with 200hp Benz Bz IV engine.
       No production.
Gotha WD 22
       Four-engined seaplane. No production.
Gotha WD 27
       Improved {Gotha WD 22}. No production.
--H--------------------------------------------------------------------------
H 21, Junkers
       Two-seat parasol reconnaissance aircraft, with corrugated skinning. 
       The H 21 was built in the USSR, at Fili, and the USSR used about
       100. They were used to suppress resistance against Stalin's
       regime in the late 1920s. 
       Type: H 21
       Function: reconnaissance 
       Year: 1922  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 185hp BMW IIIa
       Wing Span: 13.30m  Length: 7.80m  Height:   Wing Area: 21.7m2
       Empty Weight: 913kg  Max.Weight: 1350kg
       Speed: 179km/h  Ceiling: 5600m  Range: 2.5hrs
       Armament: 
H 22, Junkers
       Single-seat fighter derivative of the {H 21}. It was built
       at Fili, in the USSR. It was a typical Junkers aircraft, of
       angular all-metal construction, with corrugated skinning.
       Performance was unacceptable.
       Type: H 22
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1926  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp BMW IIIa
       Wing Span: 10.77m  Length: 6.70m  Height: 2.50m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 850kg
       Speed: 235km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
H-21 Shawnee, Boeing-Vertol
       The {H-21} was a tandem-rotor transport helicopter of US design.
       32 were license-built in Germany.
H-34 Chocktaw, Sikorsky
       The {H-34} was an US-built helicopter. 145 were delivered to
       Germany, but 24 of them were diverted to Israel without seeing
       service.
Ha 135, Blohm und Voss
       Small biplane trainer, a mixed-construction aircraft that was
       rejected by the Luftwaffe. 1934.
Ha 136, Blohm und Voss
       Advanced monoplane trainer. This was Dr. Vogt's first design
       for B&V, and the first to feature the tubular wing spar. Two
       were built, one with an Argus As 8R engine and one with a
       Siemens-Halske Sh 14 radial. The Luftwaffe abandoned the advanced
       trainer, and decided to train pilots directly on fighters. 1934.
Ha 137, Blohm und Voss
       Close-support aircraft and dive bomber, an inverted gull-wing
       monoplane with fixed landing gear. Only five were built.
       Type: Ha 137
       Function: attack
       Year: 1935  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 610hp Junkers Jumo 210Aa
       Speed: 186mph  Ceiling: 22965ft  Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 2*g20mm 4*b50kg 1*b250kg
Ha 138, Blohm und Voss
       See {Bv 138}.
Ha 139, Blohm und Voss
       The Ha 139 floatplane was designed as shipboard mailplane. It
       was a large, clean monoplane with an inverted gull wing and
       four diesel engines. The Ha 139 could be launched by catapult
       from the ship when this was near to its destination, thus
       delivering the post well before the ship was in port. The
       three built were later pressed into military service, and the
       third prototype was extensively modified, with a long glazed
       nose, for maritime reconnaissance.
       Type: Ha 139V3/U1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1936  Crew: 4  Engines: 4 * 600hp Junker jumo 205C
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 283km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range:
       Armament: 4*mg7.9mm
Ha 140, Blohm und Voss
       Twin-engined torpedo-bomber floatplane, based on the {Ha 139}
       long-range mailplane. The Ha 140 competed with the {He 115}.
       According to some sources the Luftwaffe actually preferred
       the Ha 140, but Blohm & Voss did not have the production
       capacity to meet the orders. Other claim that the aircraft
       had unacceptable handling. Only four were built. 
       Type: Ha 140
       Function: torpedo bomber
       Year: 1937  Crew:   Engines: 2 * BMW 132K
       Wing Span: 27.00m  Length: 19.90m  Height: 6.60m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 14700kg
       Speed: 275km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Ha 142, Blohm und Voss
       See {Bv 142}.
Halberstadt A II
       License-built {Fokker A I}.
Halberstadt C II
       Later renamed {Halberstadt CL II}. 
Halberstadt C V
       The C V was a fine high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft. It served
       until the end of the war.
       Type: C V
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 162kW Benz Bz IV
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 200km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Halberstadt C VIII
       Development of the {Halberstadt C V}. The C VIII could fly at
       9000m.
Halberstadt CL II
       The CL-class were lightweight two-seat fighters and attack aircraft.
       The CL II was developed from the {Halberstadt D IV}. It was a
       successful type, that excelled both as a escort fighter and as
       a ground-support fighter. Good handling, a high rate of climb,
       and an excellent field of fire for the rear gunner were its
       strong points. 900 built. 
       Type: CL II
       Function: attack
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 10.77m  Length: 7.30m  Height: 2.75m  Wing Area: 27.50m2
       Empty Weight: 772kg  Max.Weight: 1130kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling: 5100m  Range: 3h
       Armament: 2-3*mg7.92mm 50kg
Halberstadt CL IV
       Improved {Halberstadt CL II}, with improved performance and even
       better maneuvrability. The CL IV did not have the fine cowling
       lines of the CL II, but it was lighter. 
       Type: CL IV
       Function: attack
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 10.74m  Length: 6.54m  Height: 2.67m  Wing Area: 28.96m2
       Empty Weight: 728kg  Max.Weight: 1068kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling: 4100m  Range: 3h 30m
       Armament: 2-3*mg
Halberstadt CLS I
       The CLS I was a dedicated ground support aircraft, based on the
       {Halberstadt C VIII} reconnaissance aircraft. Development was
       halted at the end of WWI, and only three or four were built.
       Type: CLS I
       Function: attack / fighter-bomber
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D IIIa 
       Wing Span: 9.70m  Length: 6.95m  Height: 3.05m  Wing Area: 26.40m2
       Empty Weight: 682kg  Max.Weight: 1102kg
       Speed: 185km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg 
Halberstadt D I
       Single-seat biplane fighter, developed from the {Halberstadt B II}
       trainer. The D I was reinforced and had shorter wings. Two prototypes
       were built. Production aircraft were modified, and were known as
       {Halberstadt D II}s.
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Mercedes
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 24.00m2
       Empty Weight: 551kg  Max.Weight: 739kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg
Halberstadt D II
       Biplane fighter, a refined {Halberstadt D I}. The D II enjoyed a
       brief period of superiority over its adversaries. It was very
       robust and manoeuverable aircraft. Total production of the D II
       and the improved {Halberstadt D III} was 50, plus 60 built by
       Aviatik and Hannover. Retired in 1917.
       Type: D II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 88kW Mercedes D II
       Wing Span: 8.80m  Length: 7.30m  Height:   Wing Area: 23.60m2
       Empty Weight: 520kg  Max.Weight: 730kg
       Speed: 145km/h  Ceiling: 4000m  Range: 200km
       Armament: 1*mg7.92mm
Halberstadt D III
       Development of the {Halberstadt D II}, powered by the 120hp
       Argus As II.
Halberstadt D IV
       Biplane fighter, an elegant aircraft which had much better engine
       cowling lines than the {Halberstadt D II} and {Halberstadt D III}.
       The D IV was not accepted for production, but provided the basis
       for the {Halberstadt C II}. Three built.
       Type: D IV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 150hp Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 8.40m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 24.00m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 825kg 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg
Halberstadt D V
       Biplane fighter, based on the {Halberstadt D III}, with only
       changes to the ailerons and the wing centre section. About 90
       were built, including about 35 for Turkey. The D V was retired
       from the Western front in the spring of 1917, but continued to
       serve elsewhere. 
       Type: D V
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120hp Argus As II
       Wing Span: 8.70m  Length: 7.30m  Height:   Wing Area: 24.00m2
       Empty Weight: 600kg  Max.Weight: 812kg
       Speed: 160km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 200km
       Armament: 1-2*mg
Hannover C II
       Later renamed {Hannover CL II}. 
Hannover CL II
       The CL II was a successful small, two-seat lightweight fighter and
       attack aircraft. The CL II was a biplane of conventional layout
       apart from its biplane tail, which was designed to offer the rear
       gunner a less restricted arc of fire. It was highly manoeuvrable and
       versatile. 639 built. 
       Type: CL II
       Function: fighter / attack
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 180hp Argus As III
       Wing Span: 11.95m  Length: 7.80m  Height: 2.75m  Wing Area: 33.8m2
       Empty Weight: 750kg  Max.Weight: 1110kg
       Speed: 165km/h  Ceiling: 24600ft  Range: 3h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Hannover CL III
       Development of the {Hannover CL II}. The CL III was a bit smaller
       and lighter. 537 were built. The CL III had an Mercedes D.III
       engine, the CL IIIa an Argus As III engine. 
       Type: CL IIIa
       Function: fighter / attack
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 134kW Argus As.III
       Wing Span: 11.70m  Length: 7.58m  Height: 2.80m  Wing Area: 32.70m2
       Empty Weight: 717kg  Max.Weight: 1080kg
       Speed: 165km/h  Ceiling: 7500m  Range: 3 hrs
       Armament: 2*mg
Hannover CL IV
       Single-engined biplane. The outboard struts had a V-arrangment
       if seen from the front. Intended to fly at high altitudes.
       Prototype only. 
Hannover CL V
       Single-engined, two-seat fighter biplane. The CL V was
       designed to engine single-seat fighters on even terms. It
       was compact, rugged, and had a performance equivalent to
       that of the {Fokker D VII}. Only 46 were completed before
       the end of WWI, and they did not fly combat missions.
       Production continued after WWI, including license-production
       in Norway.
       Type: CL V
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 186hp BMW IIIa
       Wing Span: 10.49m  Length: 7.00m  Height: 2.84m  Wing Area: 28.50m2
       Empty Weight: 720kg  Max.Weight: 1080kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 340km
       Armament: 3*mg
Hannover D I
       License-built {Halberstadt D II}. 
Hansa, HFB 320
       Business jet with forward swept wings. Some were in military
       use as light transports and ECM trainers.
       Type: HFB 320
       Function: transport
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 2 * 1400kg G.E. CJ610-9
       Wing Span: 14.49m  Length: 16.61m  Height: 4.94m  Wing Area: 30.14m2
       Empty Weight: 5425kg  Max.Weight: 9200kg
       Speed: 825km/h  Ceiling: 12190m  Range: 2370km
       Load: 
Hansa-Brandenburg C I
       General purpose biplane, in service from 1916 to the end of WWI.
       Type: C.I 169
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 164kW Benz Bz.IVa
       Wing Span: 12.25m  Length: 8.45m  Height: 3.33m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 820kg  Max.Weight: 1320kg
       Speed: 158km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg8mm
Hansa-Brandenburg CC
       Single-seat flying-boat with a 'star strutting' arrangment.
       Type: CC
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110kW Benz Bz III
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 3h 30m
       Armament: 1*mg
Hansa-Brandenburg D
       Two-seat biplane, 1914.
Hansa-Brandenburg D I
       See {Brandenburg D I}. 
Hansa-Brandenburg FB
       Single-seat sesquiplane flying boat. 1915.
Hansa-Brandenburg FD
       Refined {Hansa-Brandenburg D}.
Hansa-Brandenburg G I
       Twin-engined bomber. 12 built.
Hansa-Brandenburg GNW
       Refined {Hansa-Brandenburg W}.
Hansa-Brandenburg GW
       Twin-float torpedo bomber biplane. 1916. Twenty built.
Hansa-Brandenburg KDW
       See {Brandenburg KDW}.
Hansa-Brandenburg NW
       Refined {Hansa-Brandenburg W}.
Hansa-Brandenburg W
       Two-seat twin-float reconnaissance biplane, powered by a
       Benz Bz III engine. 27 were built. 1914. 
Hansa-Brandenburg W 11
       See {Brandenburg W 11}.
Hansa-Brandenburg W 12
       See {Brandenburg W 12}.
Hansa-Brandenburg W 19
       See {Brandenburg W 19}.
Hansa-Brandenburg W 20
       Small shipboard aircraft for submarines. It was a small flying
       boat with biplane wings and a 80hp Le Rhone engine in a pusher
       setup. It could be dissambled and stored by four men in six
       minutes. Three were built, but never operationally used. The end
       of WWI halted development. 
Hansa-Brandenburg W 25
       See {Brandenburg W 25}.
Hansa-Brandenburg W 27
       See {Brandenburg W 27}.
Hansa-Brandenburg W 29
       See {Brandenburg W 29}.
Hansa-Brandenburg W 32
       Development of the {Hansa-Brandenburg W 12}.
Hansa-Brandenburg W 33
       See {Brandenburg W 33}.
Harvard, North American T-6.
       Germany used some Canadian-built North American {T-6} trainers.
HD 17, Heinkel
       Reconnaissance floatplane, powered by a 450hp napier Lion engine.
       1926.
HD 23, Heinkel
       Single-seat shipboard fighter, developed for Japan. Of course Germany
       was not allowed to build combat aircraft at the time, but the Japanese
       members of the allied control comission helped Heinkel to avoid being
       caught. Two were built by Heinkel, and two more by Aichi in Japan as
       the type H. The HD 23 was overweight and had a poor performance.
       Type: HD 23
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1925  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 660hp BMW VIa
       Wing Span: 10.80m  Length: 7.55m  Height: 3.40m  Wing Area: 35.32m2
       Empty Weight: 1470kg  Max.Weight: 2070kg
       Speed: 249km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.7mm
HD 25, Heinkel
       Two-seat twin-float reconnaissance biplane. 450hp Napier Lion
       engine, 1928. Built for Japan.
HD 26, Heinkel
       Single-seat float biplane, developed for Japan. The HD 26 was
       designed to take off from the gun turret of a battleship. Heinkel
       built one, and Aichi in Japan built one more, powered by a 420hp
       Jupiter VI radial. The HD 26 became obsolete with the introduction
       of catapults on battleships and cruisers.
       Type: HD 26
       Function: reconnaissance/fighter
       Year: 1925  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 300hp Hispano-Suiza HS 8
       Wing Span: 11.80m  Length: 8.44m  Height: 3.59m  Wing Area: 37.84m2
       Empty Weight: 1150kg  Max.Weight: 1677kg
       Speed: 185km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg7.7mm
HD 28, Heinkel
       Three-seat reconnaissance version of the {HD 23}. 450hp Bristol
       Jupiter VI engine. Built for Japan.
HD 37, Heinkel
       Single-seat biplane fighter. The HD 37 was not accepted by the
       clandestine German air force, but the USSR bought a small number
       and a licence. 134 were built in the USSR as the {I-7}.
       Type: HD 37
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1928  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 750hp BMW VI 7,3Z
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 6.95m  Height:   Wing Area: 26.71m2
       Empty Weight: 1296kg  Max.Weight: 1729kg
       Speed: 290km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 700km
       Armament: 2*mg7.7mm
HD 38, Heinkel
       This was a refined version of the {HD 37}, with interchangeable
       wheel and float undercarriages. 12 were ordered by the secret
       German air force to equip a naval fighter unit, but they were
       soon relegated to training duties.
       Type: HD 38a
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1934  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 750hp BMW VI 7,3Z
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 7.20m  Height: 3.65m  Wing Area: 30.15m2
       Empty Weight: 1415kg  Max.Weight: 1840kg
       Speed: 285km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.7mm
HD 42, Heinkel
       Two-seat, twin-float biplane trainer. Some were also used as
       reconnaissance aircraft.
HD 43, Heinkel
       The HD 43 single-seat biplane fighter was designed for the
       clandestine German air force. The HD 43 was a conventional
       biplane of mixed construction. The air force preferred the
       Arado {Ar 65}. Prototype only.
       Type: HD 43
       Function: fighter
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 750hp BMW VI 7,3Z
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 7.10m  Height: 3.30m  Wing Area: 26.56m2
       Empty Weight: 1280kg  Max.Weight: 1700kg
       Speed: 322km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
He 1, Heinkel
       Low-wing float monoplane. The He 1 was built in Sweden and for the
       Swedish Navy. 240hp Maybach Mb IV engine. 1923.
He 2, Heinkel
       Development of the {He 1}.
       Type: He 2
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 360hp R.R. Eagle IX
       Speed: 185km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
He 4, Heinkel
       Reconnaissance floatplane, development of the {He 2}. 1926.
He 5, Heinkel
       Reconnaissance floatplane, development of the {He 4}.
       Type: He 5c
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1926  Crew: 3  Engines: 1 * 485kW Bristol Pegasus IIm3
       Speed: 280km/h  Ceiling: 7000m  Range: 800km
       Armament: 1-2*mg7.9mm
He 8, Heinkel
       Floatplane built for the Danish Navy, a development of the {He 5}.
       25 built.
       Type: He 8
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1927  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 450hp Armstrong Siddelay Jaguar
       Speed: 134mph  Ceiling: 19685ft  Range:
       Armament:
He 31, Heinkel
       Development of the {He 8} with a 800hp Packard engine.
He 42, Heinkel
       Trainer and reconnaissance aircraft.
       Type: He 42C-2
       Function: reconnaissance / SAR
       Year: 1931  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 280kW Junkers Jumo L5 Ga
       Speed: 200km/h  Ceiling: 4180m  Range: 1050km
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm
He 45, Heinkel
       The He 45 biplane was built as a trainer (He 45A) and as 
       reconnaissance and bomber aircraft (He 45B and C). The
       He 45 was widely used during the build-up of the Luftwaffe,
       but was obsolete when WWII began. However, in late 1942
       some He 45s were used on the Eastern front as night
       harassment bombers. 512 built.
       Type: He 45C
       Function: reconnaissance / bomber
       Year: 1932  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 550kW BMW VI 7.3
       Wing Span: 11.50m  Length: 10.00m  Height: 3.60m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 2745kg
       Speed: 290km/h  Ceiling: 5500m  Range: 1200km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 300kg
He 46, Heinkel
       The He 46 was designed as a sesquiplane but entered production
       as a parasol wing monoplane. It was used in combat in Spain but
       was almost entirely replaced by the {Hs 126} in 1940. Some were
       nevertheless in service until 1943. 481 built.
       Type: He 46C-1
       Function: reconnaissance / attack
       Year: 1933  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 480kW Bramo 322B SAM
       Wing Span: 14.00m  Length: 9.50m  Height: 3.40m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 2300kg
       Speed: 250km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 1000km
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm 200kg
He 49, Heinkel
       This was the precursor of the {He 51}. The He 49 was introduced
       as an "advanced (civil) trainer" in 1932, but it was actually an
       advanced biplane fighter. The He 49 was a clean, elegant aircraft
       of mixed construction. Three prototypes were built, the fourth
       was renamed He 51.
       Type: He 49b
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1932  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 690hp BMW VI 6,0
       Wing Span: 11.00m  Length: 8.24m  Height:   Wing Area: 27.20m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 1950kg
       Speed: 325km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
He 50, Heinkel
       The He 50 was designed to a Japanese specification. It was
       a sturdy biplane. Some were used until 1943 on the eastern front.
       90 built.
       Type: He 50A
       Function: dive bomber
       Year: 1935  Crew: 2-1  Engines: 1 * 480kW Bramo 322B
       Speed: 235km/h  Ceiling: 6400m  Range: 600km
       Armament: 1-2*mg7.9mm 500kg
He 51, Heinkel
       Biplane fighter, developed from the {He 49}. The He 51 replaced
       the {Ar 65} as the main fighter of the Luftwaffe. It's combat
       record in Spain was not very good. Because it was so inferior
       to the Italian {CR.32} and the Soviet {I-15} it was used mainly
       as ground attack aircraft, and helped develop the army-cooperation
       tactics of the Luftwaffe. 725 built, of which 46 with float
       undercarriage. 
       Type: He 51B-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1934  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 559kW BMW VI 7.3Z
       Wing Span: 11.00m  Length: 8.40m  Height: 3.20m  Wing Area: 27.20m2
       Empty Weight: 1460kg  Max. Weight: 1895kg
       Speed: 330km/h  Ceiling: 7700m  Range: 570km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
He 52, Heinkel
       Development of the {He 51}.
He 55, Heinkel
       Two-seat shipboard flying boat.
       Type: He 55
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1929  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 600hp Siemens
       Speed: 194km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
He 56, Heinkel
       Two-seat reconnaissance biplane, 1932. In Japan Aichi built a
       development as the {E3A}.
He 59, Heinkel
       A big twin-float biplane. Despite its oldfashioned appearance,
       the He 59 was in first-line service until 1943 and achieved
       some succes, mainly in the search-and-rescue role. 
       Type: He 59B-2
       Function: reconnaissance / torpedo-bomber
       Year: 1930  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 485kW BMW VI 6.0ZU
       Wing Span: 23.70m  Length: 17.40m  Height: 7.10m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 9000kg
       Speed: 220km/h  Ceiling: 3500m  Range: 1530km
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm 1000kg
He 60, Heinkel
       Biplane on floats, designed as shipboard aircraft but used
       mainly from shore bases. In service until 1943, when it was
       replaced by the {Ar 196}. Approx 205 built.
       Type: He 60C
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 485kW BMW VI 6.0ZU
       Wing Span: 13.50m  Length: 11.50m  Height: 5.30m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 3425kg
       Speed: 240km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 720km
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm
He 61, Heinkel
       Two-seat reconnaissance biplane. 1932.
He 62, Heinkel
       Two-seat reconnaissance biplane. 1932.
He 63, Heinkel
       Two-seat trainer biplane. 1932. Ten built.
He 64, Heinkel
       Two-seat trainer monoplane. Few built.
He 66, Heinkel
       Development of the {He 50}. Changes were of minor importance.
He 70 Blitz, Heinkel
       The He 70 was designed as a fast mailplane, inspired by the
       Lockheed Orion. Its excellent streamlining inspired many other
       designs. Although useful, it had a relatively brief commercial
       career, before it was replaced by types which could carry more
       passengers. As a combat aircraft it was a not a great success,
       because it rapidly became outdated.
       Type: He 70F-1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1932  Crew: 3  Engines: 1 * 550kW BMW 7.3z
       Wing Span: 14.80m  Length: 11.70m  Height: 3.10m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 3420kg
       Speed: 355km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 800km
       Armament: 1*mg7.92mm 300kg
He 72 Kadett, Heinkel
       Biplane primary trainer.
       Type: He 72B-1
       Function: trainer / liaison
       Year: 1933  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Siemens Sh 14A
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 7.50m  Height: 2.70m  Wing Area: 20.70m2
       Empty Weight: 540kg  Max. Weight: 865kg
       Speed: 185km/h  Ceiling: 3500m  Range: 475km
       Armament:
He 74, Heinkel
       Scaled-down version of the {He 51} biplane, intended as advanced
       trainer and home defence fighter. The {Fw 56} was selected for
       this requirement. Three built.
       Type: He 74B
       Function: fighter / trainer
       Year: 1933  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180kW Argus As 10C-1
       Speed: 280km/h  Ceiling: 4800m  Range:
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm
He 100, Heinkel
       In the late 1930s, Heinkel's {He 112} had lost the competition
       for the fighter contract with the {Bf 109}. In 1938 the He 100
       appeared, a sleek, advanced fighter. Prototypes used surface
       evaporation cooling to reduce drag, and one set a world speed
       record. Luftwaffe interest was limited to a small number of
       pre-series aircraft. The few built were highly publicized as
       the 'He 113' in a propaganda effort. Six were sold to the USSR
       and three to Japan. 25 built.
       Type: He 100D-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1938  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 865kW Daimler-Benz DB601Aa
       Wing Span: 9.42m  Length: 8.19m  Height: 2.50m  Wing Area: 14.50m2
       Empty Weight: 2070kg  Max. Weight: 2500kg
       Speed: 668km/h  Ceiling: 11000m  Range: 900km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 1*g20mm
He 111, Heinkel
       Medium bomber, also used in small numbers as civilian transport.
       The early versions of the He 111 -- with a stepped cockpit --
       flew in the Spanish civil war. During WWII the later developments
       of the He 111 with an unstepped, assymetric, extensivily glazed
       nose were used. The He 111 was a good medium bomber, but suffered
       severely from the Luftwaffe's lack of long-range escort fighters,
       and was kept in production long after it should have been replaced.
       Production ceased in 1944 after more than 7300 aircraft. Postwar
       Spain built He 111's with R.R. Merlin engines as the {CASA 2.111}.
       Type: He 111B-2
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1936  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 700kW Daimler-Benz DB600CG
       Speed: 370km/h  Ceiling: 7000m  Range: 1660km
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm 1500kg
       Type: He 111H-16
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1943  Crew: 5  Engines: 2 * 990kW Junkers Jumo 211F-2
       Wing Span: 22.60m  Length: 16.40m  Height: 4.00m  Wing Area: 86.50m2
       Empty Weight: 8680kg  Max. Weight: 14000kg
       Speed: 405km/h  Ceiling: 8500m  Range: 2060km
       Armament: 1*g20mm 1*mg13mm 5*mg7.9mm 3250kg
He 111Z, Heinkel
       Two {He 111}H-6's were joined by a new wing section with a fifth
       engine, to create a tug aircraft capable of towing the {Me 321}.
       Ten built.
       Type: He 111Z-1
       Function: glider tug
       Year:   Crew: 9  Engines: 5 * Junkers Jumo 211F
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
He 112, Heinkel
       Monoplane fighter, competing for orders with the {Bf 109} in 1935.
       The original He 112A was conceptually less advanced than the Bf 109,
       but this was caused by the official requirements. After the Bf 109
       had been chosen, Heinkel continued development of a complete
       redesign, the He 112B. This too was rejected. The He 112 was then
       only built for export, but the Luftwaffe used some for a short time
       during the Sudeten crisis. 68 built. Two of the He 112A prototypes
       served in the Spanish civil war; later 17 He 112Bs were sold to the
       Spanish nationalists. Other users were Japan (12), Romania (30)
       and Hungary (4). 
       Type: He 112V4
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1936  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 680hp Junkers Jumo 210Da
       Wing Span: 11.50m  Length: 9.00m  Height: 3.70m  Wing Area: 23.20m2
       Empty Weight: 1680kg  Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 488km/h  Ceiling: 8000m  Range: 
       Armament: 
       Type: He 112B-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1937  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 515kW Junkers Jumo 210G
       Wing Span: 9.10m  Length: 9.30m  Height: 3.85m  Wing Area: 17.00m2
       Empty Weight: 1620kg  Max. Weight:
       Speed: 510km/h  Ceiling: 8500m  Range: 1100km
       Armament: 2*g20mm 2*mg7.92mm 6*b10kg
He 113, Heinkel
       Non-existing fighter, created by the German propaganda using
       pictures of the {He 100}.
He 114, Heinkel
       Float sesquiplane, designed to replace the {He 60}. After
       98 were built production was halted because the far more
       advanced {Ar 196} was preferred. Most He 114s then served
       from shore bases. 
       Type: He 114A-2
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1936  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 705kW BMW 132K
       Wing Span: 13.60m  Length: 11.09m  Height: 5.15m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 3400kg
       Speed: 335km/h  Ceiling: 4900m  Range: 920km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 2*b50kg
He 115, Heinkel
       The He 115 was a big, but reasonably sleek, twin-float monoplane.
       It was not suitable as a torpedo bomber, but performed very well
       in a variety of roles. The He 115 was also sold to Norway. 
       At least four were used by the RAF, and two operated
       clandestinely with German markings. Over 500 were built.
       Type: He 115B-1
       Function: torpedo bomber / reconnaissance
       Year: 1939  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 710kW BMW 132K
       Wing Span: 22.20m  Length: 17.30m  Height: 6.60m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 10400kg
       Speed: 355km/h  Ceiling: 5200m  Range: 3350km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm 1250kg
He 116, Heinkel
       Long-range civil aircraft, designed as a mail carrier. The
       He 116 was unsuccesfully tried as reconnaissance aircraft.
       14 built.
       Type: He 116B-0
       Function: liaison / observation
       Year: 1937  Crew: 4  Engines: 4 * 175kW Hirth HM508H
       Speed: 325km/h  Ceiling: 6600m  Range: 3400km
       Armament:
He 118, Heinkel
       Two-seat monoplane, dive bomber. The Luftwaffe preferred the
       {Ju 87}. The He 118 is best known for its role in the testing
       of jet engines. 
He 119, Heinkel
       Experimental two-seat reconnaissance aircraft. The He 119 had
       a DB 606 or DB 610 'double' engine, buried in the fuselage,
       driving a propeller in front of the transparent, unstepped nose.
       To streamline the aircraft even more, it used surface radiator
       cooling instead of conventional radiators. It set a speed record
       before WWII; attempts to create a bomber from it were abandoned
       early in WWII. Eight were completed.
       Type: He 119V1
       Function: reconnaissance / bomber
       Year: 1937  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 1250hp Daimler-Benz DB 603
       Speed: 600km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 1000kg
He 162 Salamander, Heinkel
       The He 162 was developed in an very short time to fullfil a
       requirement for an 'emergency' jet fighter, to be built from
       non-strategic materials in underground factories, and to be
       flown by 'Hitlerjugend' pilots with only glider training. Despite
       this brain-damaged scheme the He 162 actually was a satisfactory
       fighter, but only about 150 were delivered before the end of WWII.
       It was a very small fighter with straight wings and twin tailfins,
       carrying its engine on its back. About 275 were built, and 800
       more were in various stages of completion. 
       Type: He 162A-2
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1945  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 910kg BMW 003E
       Wing Span: 8.45m  Length: 9.10m  Height: 2.55m  Wing Area: 11.15m2
       Empty Weight: 1750kg  Max. Weight: 2785kg
       Speed: 890km/h at S/L, 905km/h at 6000m Ceiling: 12000m  Range: 620km
       Armament: 2*g20mm, 120rpg
He 170, Heinkel
       Export development of the {He 70}. 19 built.
       Type: He 170A
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year:   Crew: 3  Engines: 1 * 670kW Manfred Weiss WM-K-14
       Speed: 415km/h  Ceiling: 8290m  Range: 920km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
He 172, Heinkel
       Development of the {He 72}. One built.
He 176, Heinkel
       Experimental rocket-engined aircraft, based on {He 112}.
       5.89kN Walter HWK-R1 203 engine.
He 177 Greif, Heinkel
       The He 177 was the only series built German heavy bomber of WWII,  
       and a dismal failure. The requirement that it would be able to
       act as a dive-bomber, and the insistence on using two DB 606
       engines -- units consisting of two joined DB601 engines -- were
       responsible for this failure of an otherwise advanced design. The 
       He 177 was overweight, had structural weaknesses and frequently 
       suffered from engine fires. 1094 built, but most were never used 
       in combat.
       Type: He 177A-1
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1943  Crew: 5-6  Engines: 2 * 1990kW Daimler-Benz DB606
       Wing Span: 31.44m  Length: 20.40m  Height: 6.39m  Wing Area: 102m2
       Empty Weight: 16800kg  Max. Weight: 31000kg
       Speed: 510km/h  Ceiling: 7000m  Range: 5600km
       Armament: 1*g20mm 2*mg13mm 3*mg7.9mm 6000kg
He 178, Heinkel
       The He 178 was the worlds first jet aircraft, in August 27, 1938.
       It was a high-wing aircraft of conventional, clean lines, with a
       nose intake. Two built, but only one flown.
       Type: He 178V1
       Function: experimental
       Year: 1938  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 500kg Heinkel S3B
       Speed: 700km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
He 219 Uhu, Heinkel
       The He 219 was a fast twin-engined aircraft, designed to be build
       in heavy fighter, fighter-bomber and nighfighter versions. Especially
       the nightfighter was a succes, although it was a bit underpowered
       and not fast enough to effectively intercept the British Mosquito
       bomber. The He 219 was doomed by political decisions, including
       insistence that Heinkel should concentrate on the construction of
       bombers. Only 294 were built. The He 219 was the first production
       aircraft with ejection seats; the cockpit design was one of its
       highly praised features. 
       Type: He 219A-5
       Function: nightfighter
       Year: 1942  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 1320kW Daimler-Benz DB603E
       Wing Span: 18.50m  Length: 15.54m  Height: 4.10m  Wing Area: 44.50m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 670km/h  Ceiling: 12070m  Range: 2800km
       Armament: 6*g20mm
He 270, Heinkel
       Development of the {He 70} with a 865kW Daimler-Benz DB601A engine.
       One built.
He 274, Heinkel
       High-altitude bomber developed from the {He 177}. The He 274
       prototype was built in France and not completed until after
       the end of WWII. It flew in the French air force until 1953.
       Type: He 274
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1945  Crew: 4  Engines: 4 * 1850hp Daimler-Benz DB 603
       Speed: 496km/h  Ceiling: 16000m  Range:
       Armament:
He 275, Heinkel
       One built.
       Type: He 275
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1945  Crew:   Engines: 4 * 1280kW Daimler-Benz DB603A-1
       Speed:   Ceiling: 16000m  Range:
       Armament:
He 277, Heinkel
       Development of {He 177} with four 1750hp Daimler-Benz DB603A
       engines. Eight built. 
He 280, Heinkel
       The He 280 was the first jet fighter to fly. It was a conventional
       twin-engined low-wing design, with straight wings and twin tail fins.
       Its development was delayed by engine problems and political
       indifference, and when the jet programma was finally pressed ahead,
       it was abandoned in favour of the more advanced {Me 262}. Nine built.
       Type: He 280V6
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1940  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 840kg Junkers Jumo 004
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 817km/h  Ceiling: 11500m  Range:
       Armament: 3*g20mm
He 319, Heinkel
       Development of the {He 219}. Not built.
He 343, Heinkel
       Design for a four-engined jet bomber.
He 419, Heinkel
       Development of the {He 219} with DB 603G engines and longer
       wings. Six built, based on He 219A-5 fuselages.  
Heron, de Havilland
       British four-engined light transport. Two used by the Luftwaffe
       as VIP transports.
Ho I, Horten
       Experimental flying wing glider. One built.
Ho II, Horten
       Experimental flying wing glider. Four built, one was fitted with
       an 80hp engine.
Ho III, Horten
       Experimental flying wing glider, an enlarged development of the
       {Ho II}.
Ho IV, Horten
       High-performance flying wing glider. Four built.
Ho V, Horten
       Experimental flying wing aircraft, designed as a combat aircraft.
       The Ho Va and Ho Vb were two-seaters powered by two 60hp Hirth
       HM 60R engines. The Ho Vc was converted from the Ho Vb, and was
       a single-seater. Two built.
Ho VI, Horten
       Experimental flying wing glider.
Ho VII, Horten
       Experimental flying wing aircraft. Two built. The Ho.VII was
       designed to accept a pulse jet engine, but this was never
       installed.
       Type: Ho VII
       Function: experimental
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 2 * 180kW Argus As 10
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Ho.VIII, Horten
       Design for a six-engined flying-wing bomber, with a wing span of
       40m. It was never completed.
Ho X, Horten
       Design for a supersonic delta wing aircraft. 
Ho IX, Horten
       The Ho IX was a jet-powered flying-wing fighter-bomber, evolved from
       the long series of Horten experimental flying-wing aircraft. The
       Ho IX had swept wings, and no fuselage section; the pilot sat in the
       thick wing center section. The engines were buried in the wing behind
       him. Production aircraft would have been named Ho 229, but because
       production would have been done by Gotha, they are often erronously
       referred to as Go 229. Three built.
       Type: Ho IX
       Function: fighter-bomber
       Year: 1945  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 860kg Junkers Jumo 004B
       Wing Span: 16.76m  Length: 7.47m  Height: 2.81m  Wing Area: 50.20m2
       Empty Weight: 4600kg  Max.Weight: 8100kg
       Speed: 800km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1900km
       Armament: 4*g30mm 2000kg (never fitted)
Ho XIII, Horten
       Project for a tailless supersonic fighter, with 70 degrees wing
       sweep, and powered with two jet engines and two rocket engines.
Ho XVIII, Horten
       The Ho XVIII remained a paper aircraft, because the project was
       submitted to the RLM as late as March 1945. The Ho XVIII was
       a six-engined flying-wing jet-bomber.
Ho 229, Horten
       Production version of the {Ho IX}. See there. The Ho 229 was
       built by Gotha, and is often erronously referred to as Go 229. 
Hs 122, Henschel
       The Hs 122 was a parasol-monoplane army-cooperation design.
       Performance was mediocre. Hence the type was developed into
       the {Hs 126}.
       Type: Hs 122B-0
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1936  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 660hp Siemens-Halske Sh 22B
       Wing Span: 31.44m  Length: 19.40m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 31000kg
       Speed: 488km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
Hs 123, Henschel
       The Hs 123 was a biplane dive-bomber. Production ceased in 1940.
       Later the Hs 123 proved to be a very effective attack aircraft,
       and every available Hs 123 was taken from the training units and
       put in frontline service. They continued in frontline service
       until 1944, when no more were left -- production could not be
       resumed because all rigs had been destroyed.
       Type: Hs 123A-1
       Function: attack
       Year: 1935  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 650kW BMW 132Dc
       Wing Span: 10.50m  Length: 8.33m  Height: 3.20m  Wing Area: 24.85m2
       Empty Weight: 1500kg  Max. Weight: 2215kg
       Speed: 340km/h  Ceiling: 9000m  Range: 860km
       Armament: 0-2*g20mm 0-2*mg7.9mm 450kg
Hs 124, Henschel
       Twin-engined strategic fighter, competing for orders with
       the {Fw 57} and {Bf 110}. The Hs 124 was bulkier than the
       Bf 110 and Fw 57. The blunt, glazed nose seated a gunner.
       For its size the Hs 124 was a agile and fast aircraft, but
       Luftwaffe requirements were better fulfilled by the Bf 110.
       Three built.
       Type: Hs 124V2
       Function: fighter / fighter-bomber
       Year: 1936  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 850hp BMW 132Dc
       Wing Span: 18.20m  Length: 14.50m  Height: 3.75m  Wing Area: 54.60m2
       Empty Weight: 4250kg  Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 410km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2450km
       Armament: 2*g20mm
Hs 126, Henschel
       Parasol monoplane, the most important tactical reconnaissance
       aircraft of the Luftwaffe during the first part of WWII. Over 600
       were built.
       Type: Hs 126B-1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1936  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 660kW Bramo 323A-1
       Wing Span: 14.50m  Length: 10.85m  Height: 3.75m  Wing Area: 31.60m2
       Empty Weight: 2030kg  Max. Weight: 3090kg
       Speed: 355km/h  Ceiling: 8600m  Range: 720km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm 150kg
Hs 127, Henschel
       Unsuccessful competitor for the {Ju 88}.
Hs 128, Henschel
       Twin-engined monoplane, a high-altitude research aircraft. 
Hs 129, Henschel
       The Hs 129 was a heavily armoured ground support aircraft.
       The A series was underpowered, so the much-modified B used
       captured French engines. The Hs 129 had a cramped cockpit,
       poor performance, unreliable engines, and sluggish handling.
       Heavy armour and armament made the Hs 129 a capable anti-tank
       aircraft, but losses were high. An very unusual feature was
       the external mounting, on the nose, of the Revi gunsight; there
       simply was no room left in the cockpit! 879 built.
       Type: Hs 129B-1/R2
       Function: attack
       Year: 1942  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 515kW Gnome-Rhone 14M04/05
       Wing Span: 14.20m  Length: 9.75m  Height: 3.25m  Wing Area: 29m2
       Empty Weight: 3810kg  Max. Weight: 5110kg
       Speed: 410km/h  Ceiling: 9000m  Range: 880km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm 2*g20mm 1*g30mm 350kg
Hs 130, Henschel
       High-altitude reconnaissance bomber, developed from the {Hs 128}.
       The A-06 and A-07 pre-series aircraft had a wing span of 29m, and
       turbosupercharged DB 605 engines. They could reach 15500m.
       The Hs 130E was powered by two Daimler-Benz DB 603 engines, which
       were supplied with a air by a compressor, driven by a DB 605. This
       configuration was known as 'HZ Anlage'. In 1944 the programme
       was cancelled. 
       Type: Hs 130E
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1943  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * Daimler-Benz DB 603S
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 512km/h  Ceiling: +13700m  Range:
       Armament: 4*mg13mm 1*g20mm
Hs 132, Henschel
       The Hs 132 was a jet-engined dive bomber. The pilot lay prone in
       a small fuselage; the single engine was carried on the back,
       and the aircraft was fitted with twin tail fins. The factory
       was occupied by the Soviet army just when flight tests were
       prepared.
       Type: Hs 132A
       Function: dive bomber
       Year: 1945  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 800kg BMW 003A-1
       Speed: 700km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1120km
       Armament: 500kg
Hs 291, Henschel
       Air-dropped sea-skimming missile. Never built.
Hs 293, Henschel
       The Hs 293 was a guided missile. Basically it was a winged bomb
       with an underslung rocket engine, and a flare fitted to the tail.
       The aimer directed the flare light to the target by radio control.
Hu 211, Hutter
       This was a development of the {He 219} with long-span wings
       and Jumo 222 engines. Ordered for the high-altitude reconnaissance.
       It was never completed. 
--I--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Il-62, Ilyushin
       Three {Il-62}s continued in service with the forces of the
       reunited Germany for a short time, and were then put on sale.
--J--------------------------------------------------------------------------
J 1, Junkers
       Experimental two-seat aircraft of all-metal construction.
       It was fast, because its cantilever wing had low drag. But
       the construction was too heavy. One built. 
J 2, Junkers
       This was the first all-metal monoplane fighter, a single-seat
       derivative of the {J 1}. The Junkers J 2 had a thick, cantilever
       wing. It was built of steel, and as a consequence it was heavy
       and had a poor climb rate. Six were built.
       Type: J 2
       Function: fighters  
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 11.70m  Length: 7.43m  Height: 3.13m  Wing Area: 19.00m2
       Empty Weight: 1018kg  Max.Weight: 1165kg
       Speed: 200km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
J 3, Junkers
       Single-seat all-metal fighter, built of duralumin. Discarded when
       partially completed. 1916.
J 7, Junkers
       Single-seat monoplane fighter. The J 7 was a low-wing monoplane
       of all-metal duralumin construction, with corrugated skinning.
       The air force did not invite Junkers to participate in the 1918
       fighter competition; but the performance of the J 7 was excellent.
       Yet it was not ordered, because the design had been overtaken by
       the J 9 ({Junkers D I}). One built.
       Type: J 7
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 9.20m  Length: 6.70m  Height: 2.60m  Wing Area: 11.70m2
       Empty Weight: 656kg  Max.Weight: 805kg
       Speed: 205km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
J 8, Junkers
       All-metal, two-seat, low-wing monoplane fighter. The J 8 was of
       the now familiar angular duralumin construction with corrugated
       skinning. A production contract was placed for a developed
       version, the J 10 ({Junkers CL I}). Three built.
       Type: J 8
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 12.04m  Length: 7.90m  Height: 2.66m  Wing Area: 23.40m2
       Empty Weight: 710kg  Max.Weight: 1050kg
       Speed: 161km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 
J 9, Junkers
       See {Junkers D I}.
J 10, Junkers
       See {Junkers CL I}.
JetStar, Lockheed C-140
       Four used as VIP transports by the Luftwaffe.
JM, Germania
       Single-seat biplane fighter. The JM had a configuration similar to
       that of the {DB}. No production.
       Type: JM
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Argus As I
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Ju 13, Junkers
       See {F 13}.
Ju 20, Junkers
       The Ju 20 was actually designed and built in Sweden and the USSR,
       because the Versailles treaty halted aircraft construction in
       Germany. It was a low-wing monoplane of metal construction,
       with corrugated skinning. 40 built for the Soviet military.
       Type: Ju 20
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year:   Crew: 3  Engines: 1 * 185hp MBW IIIa 
       Wing Span: 17.80m  Length: 8.30m  Height:   Wing Area: 32m2
       Empty Weight: 1113kg  Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 181km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 570km
       Armament:
Ju 21, Junkers
       See {H 21}.
Ju 22, Junkers
       See {H 22}.
Ju 52, Junkers
       The angular Ju 52 with its corrugated skinning became a familiar
       sight in WWII --- it was the Luftwaffe's main transport aircraft.
       The Ju 52 first flew as a single-engined aircraft; it was soon
       redesigned to have three engines. Some pre-war aircraft had twin
       tail fins, but most had single fins. It was also used a bomber,
       and served as such in the Spanish civil war, but became far better
       known as a reliable and versatile transport aircraft. 4835 were
       built, but production did not compensate the losses. The Swiss air
       force flew three Ju 52's from 1939 to 1981!
       Type: Ju 52/3m g3e
       Function: transport
       Year: 1933  Crew: 2-3  Engines: 3 * 540kW BMW 132A-3
       Wing Span: 29.25m  Length: 18.90m  Height: 5.55m  Wing Area: 110.50m2
       Empty Weight: 5720kg  Max.Weight: 10500kg
       Speed: 275km/h  Ceiling: 5900m  Range: 1285km
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm
       Load: 18 seats
Ju 60, Junkers
       The Ju 60 was a single-engined fast mailplane, competing with
       the {He 70}. The Ju 60 was less advanced, with a semi-retractable
       undercarriage and corrugated wing skinning. Some were used during
       WWII as liaison aircraft.
       Type: Ju 60
       Function: transport
       Year: 1932  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 575hp P&W Hornet
       Wing Span: 14.30m  Length: 11.82m  Height:   Wing Area: 34.99m2
       Empty Weight: 2097kg  Max.Weight: 3090kg
       Speed: 282km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1000km
       Load: 6 seats, 1000kg
Ju 61, Junkers
       High altitude bomber. Two were built, the second one equipped
       with a pressure cabin. 1937.
       Type: Ju 61
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1937  Crew:   Engines: 2 * 700kW Daimler-Benz DB600
       Wing Span: 27.00m  Length: 14.36m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 300km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Ju 82, Junkers
       Design for a jet fighter, with two Argus As 014 pulse jet
       engines. Not built. 1942.
Ju 85, Junkers
       Alternative for the {Ju 88}, a twin-engined bomber with twin
       tailfins. The Luftwaffe preferred the Ju 88. Not built.
Ju 86, Junkers
       Twin-engined monoplane bomber and civil transport. Most had
       two Jumo 205 Diesel engines, but these were not entirely
       satisfactory and the Ju 86E ad BMW 132F radials instead. 
       The Ju 86 never was a very good bomber, and at the start of
       WWII it was obsolete. Some were exported to Sweden, South
       Africa, Hungary, Chile and Portugal. The most famous versions
       were the R and P high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft, that
       operated above Britain and the USSR. These had a blunt glazed
       nose with a pressure cabin, very long span wings, and Jumo 207
       Diesel engines. At high altitude, they were virtually untouchable.
       Type: Ju 86D-1
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1936  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 447kW Junkers Ju 205C-4
       Wing Span: 22.50m  Length: 17.87m  Height: 5.06m  Wing Area: 82m2
       Empty Weight: 5150kg  Max.Weight: 8200kg
       Speed: 325km/h  Ceiling: 5900m  Range: 1500km
       Armament: 3*mg7.92mm 800kg
Ju 87 'Stuka', Junkers
       'Stuka' or 'Sturzkampfflugzeug' was the general German terminology
       for dive-bombers, but the Ju 87 with its inverted gull wing,
       and fixed-undercarriage was the most famous and feared of all.
       The Ju 87 was ugly, sturdy, accurate, but very vulnerable to
       enemy fighters; its use demanded air superiority. But its
       effectiviness in destroying fortifications or ships, or just
       scaring people, was undoubted. On the eastern front the last
       Ju 87 versions were employed as anti-tank aircraft with underwing
       37mm guns. Over 5700 built.
       Type: Ju 87B-1
       Function: dive bomber
       Year: 1938  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 880kW Junkers Jumo 211Da
       Wing Span: 45ft 3in  Length: 36ft 5in  Height: 13ft 2in  Wing Area:
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight:
       Speed: 385km/h  Ceiling: 8000m  Range: 600km
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm 1000kg
       Type: Ju 87G-1
       Function: anti-tank
       Year: 1942  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 1400hp Junkers Jumo 211J
       Wing Span: 15.00m  Length: 11.50m  Height: 3.90m  Wing Area: 33.69m2
       Empty Weight: 4400kg  Max.Weight: 6600kg
       Speed: 314km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 320km
       Armament: 2*g37mm 1*mg7.92mm
Ju 88, Junkers
       The Ju 88 was one of the most versatile aircraft of WWII. It began
       its career as a fast (dive-)bomber and reconnaissance aircraft, and
       later was used also as torpedo-bomber, nightfighter, heavy day
       fighter and anti-tank aircraft. The first fighter conversions of the
       Ju 88 were very similar to the bomber versions, with only
       modifications to the nose and a gondola under the forward fuselage
       to accomodate radar and guns; the later Ju 88G was a specialized
       fighter with the tail of the {Ju 188}. The aircraft remained a
       formidable opponent throughout WWII. 10774 built, of which no less
       than 104 prototypes and experimental versions.
       Type: Ju 88A-4
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1939  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 1007kW Junkers Jumo 211J-1
       Wing Span: 20.00m  Length: 14.40m  Height: 4.85m  Wing Area: 54.50m2
       Empty Weight: 9860kg  Max.Weight: 14000kg
       Speed: 470km/h  Ceiling: 8200m  Range: 2730km
       Armament: 6*mg7.92mm 2000kg
       Type: Ju 88G-6
       Function: nightfighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 3-4  Engines: 2 * 1305kW Junkers Jumo 213A-1
       Speed: 580km/h  Ceiling: 9600  Range: 2195km
       Armament: 5-6*g20mm 1*mg13mm
Ju 160, Junkers
       Small transport, a development of the {Ju 60} fast mailplane.
       The Ju 160 had smooth wing skinning and fully retractable
       landing gear. 48 were built.
       Type: Ju 160
       Function: transport
       Year: 1935  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 485kW BMW 132E
       Wing Span: 14.30m  Length: 12.00m  Height:   Wing Area: 34.99m2
       Empty Weight: 2130kg  Max.Weight: 3540kg
       Speed: 340km/h  Ceiling: 5200m  Range: 1100km
       Load: 6 seats, 1405kg
Ju 186, Junkers
       Design for a development of the Ju 86p, with four Jumo 208
       diesel engines. Cancelled in 1942.
Ju 187, Junkers
       Development of the {Ju 87} with a retractable undercarriage.
       Not built.
Ju 188, Junkers
       The Ju 188 was a development of the {Ju 88}, intended as an
       interim aircraft pending the introduction (that never came)
       of more advanced bombers. It had a redesigned nose, longer
       wings, a broad-chord tailfin and extended stabilizers. Depending
       on the version, it was powered by BMW 801 radials or Jumo 213
       in-line engines. The S and T models, which had pressure cabins
       and no defensive armament, were the basis of the {Ju 388}. 1036
       were built, the majority D and F reconnaissance versions. 
       Type: Ju 188D-2
       Function: reconnaissance 
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 2 * 1268kW Junkers Jumo 213A-1
       Wing Span: 22.00m  Length: 14.95m  Height: 4.44m  Wing Area: 56.00m2
       Empty Weight: 9900kg  Max.Weight: 15195kg
       Speed: 539km/h  Ceiling: 10000m  Max. Range: 3395km
       Armament: 1*g20mm 1*mg13mm 2*mg7.9mm
       Type: Ju 188E-1
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1943  Crew: 4  Engines: 2 * 1250kW BMW 801D-2
       Wing Span: 22.00m  Length: 14.95m  Height: 4.44m  Wing Area: 56m2
       Empty Weight: 9860kg  Max.Weight: 14510kg
       Speed: 523km/h  Ceiling: 9350m  Range: 1940km
       Armament: 1*g20mm 2*mg13mm 2*mg7.9mm
Ju 248, Junkers
       Development of the {Me 163}, later renamed {Me 263}.
Ju 252, Junkers
       The Ju 252 was designed to replace the {Ju 52}, but it was decided
       to continue production of the old, but proven Ju 52. The Ju 252
       too was three-engined, but it had an entirely new airframe. The
       production of transport aircraft never had much priority. 25 built.
       Type: Ju 252A-1
       Function: transport
       Year: 1942  Crew: 3  Engines: 3 * 985kW Junkers Jumo 211F
       Speed: 437km/h  Ceiling: 6300m  Range: 6600km
       Armament: 1*mg13mm 2*mg7.9mm
       Load: 32 seats
Ju 268, Junkers
       Design for a jet-powered 'Mistel' combination, the upper aircraft
       of which would be the {He 162}. Two BMW 003 engines, a warhead of
       7720lb. 
Ju 286, Junkers
       High-altitude aircraft, not built.
Ju 287, Junkers
       The Ju 287 was an unconventional jet bomber prototype with forward
       swept wings. Two of the engines were fixed to the sides of the front
       fuselage, two under the wings. The Ju 287 used the fuselage of the
       {He 177}, the tail of the {Ju 388}, the main wheels of the {Ju 352}
       and the nose wheel of a Consolidated {B-24} Liberator...  Only one
       was built. Development continued postwar in the USSR. 
       Type: Ju 287V1
       Function: experimental
       Year: 1944  Crew: 3  Engines: 4 * 900kg Junkers Jumo 004B-1
       Speed: 559km/h  Ceiling: 10800m  Range:
       Armament: 2*mg13mm
Ju 288, Junkers
       An advanced twin-engined bomber, first flown in 1941. At that
       stage of WWII, there was a policy against putting new types
       in production, in the mistaken belief that the war would end
       soon. Technical problems also delayed introduction of the
       Ju 288. The 22 built were all prototypes!
       Type: Ju 288A
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1941  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 1840kW Junkers Jumo 222A-1\B-1
       Speed: 670km/h  Ceiling: 9300m  Range: 5985km
       Armament: 2*mg13mm 3000kg
Ju 290, Junkers
       This was a development of the Ju 90 civil transport. Only 65
       were built, as bombers, long-range reconnaissance aircraft,
       and transports. The Ju 290 was a large low-wing aircraft with
       twin tail fins, and a fuselage that clearly showed its civilian
       origin. There was an urgent need for the Ju 290 to replace the
       {Fw 200}, but there were never more than 20 in service. 
       Type: Ju 290A-7
       Function: transport / reconnaissance
       Year: 1942  Crew: 9  Engines: 4 * 1268kW BMW 801D
       Wing Span: 42.00m  Length: 29.15m  Height: 6.93m  Wing Area: 203.60m2
       Empty Weight: 33005kg  Max.Weight: 46000kg
       Speed: 440km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 6150km
       Armament: 7*g20mm 1*mg13mm 3000kg
Ju 322 Mammut, Junkers
       This was a big flying-wing transport glider, built in competition
       with the {Me 321}. The RLM insisted that the Ju 322 would be built
       of wood, a construction technique not used by Junkers since 1918.
       The RLM ordered 200, but the Ju 322 was cancelled after the
       prototype proved unstable. The Me 321 was selected for production.
Ju 352 Herkules, Junkers
       Redesigned {Ju 252} employing non-strategic materials. 45 built.
       Type: Ju 352A-1
       Function: transport
       Year: 1944  Crew: 4-5  Engines: 3 * 740kW BMW Bramo 323R-2
       Speed: 330km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 2980km
       Armament: 1*g20mm 2*mg13mm
       Load: 4300kg
Ju 388, Junkers
       Development of the {Ju 188}, an emergency measure because the
       development of more advanced aircraft like the {Ju 288} had been
       halted. Only the L-1 high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft entered
       service before the end of WWII, despite development continuing
       until the end, after most other aircraft had been cancelled. The
       Ju 388L and K bomber/reconnaissance aircraft had remotely-controlled
       tail turrets. The Ju 388J Stoertebeker was a night fighter. 103
       built.
       Type: Ju 388L-1
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1944  Crew: 3-4  Engines: 2 * 1409kW BMW 801TJ
       Wing Span: 22.00m  Length: 15.20m  Height: 4.35m  Wing Area: 56m2
       Empty Weight: 10252kg  Max.Weight: 14675kg
       Speed: 655km/h  Ceiling: 13450m  Range: 3475km
       Armament: 2*mg13mm
Ju 390, Junkers
       Six-engined long-range development of the {Ju 290}. A wing section
       was inserted with an additional engine, and the fuselage was
       stretched. One made a transatlantic test flight to within 20km
       of New York... Two built.
       Type: Ju 390
       Function: reconnaissance, bomber, transport
       Year: 1943  Crew:   Engines: 6 * 1970hp BMW 801E
       Speed: 314mph  Ceiling:   Range: 9700km
       Armament:  8*mg13mm 8*g20mm 7190kg
Ju 635, Junkers
       See {Do 635}.
Ju 488, Junkers
       Some sources claim that this was a development of the {Ju 388},
       but it actually was a four-engined long-range bomber, built
       of {Ju 188}, {Ju 288} and {Ju 388} parts. The development of
       the Ju 488 was ordered from manufacturers in occupied France,
       who were not very motivated. When the prototype finally neared
       completion, it had to be transported to Germany because of the
       Allied advance, but before it could be moved it was destroyed by
       the French resistance... 
       Type: Ju 488V401 (projected)
       Function: bomber
       Year: (1945)  Crew:   Engines: 4 * 1800hp BMW 801TJ
       Wing Span: 30.84m  Length: 20.24m  Height:   Wing Area: 87m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 26600kg
       Speed: 690km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 3395km
       Armament: 5000kg
Junkers CL I
       Hugo Junkers was the great pioneer of all-metal monoplanes. The CL I
       (Junkers J 10) was an all-metal, corrugated skinning, rectangular
       low-wing monoplane, of course with open cockpits and fixed landing
       gear. It was developed from the {J 8}. Only 47 were built before the
       end of WWI.
       Type: CL I
       Function: fighter-bomber
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 130kW Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 12.20m  Length: 7.90m  Height: 3.10m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 735kg  Max.Weight: 1155kg
       Speed: 169km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 2h
       Armament: 3*mg
Junkers D I
       This was the Junkers J 9 all-metal low-wing monoplane fighter. The
       D I was extremely advanced for a WWI fighters, although its
       corrugated dural skinning and thick wing were only en vogue for
       a brief period. The D I was judged to be unsuitable for the current
       fighter tactics. It was then ordered as an observation balloon
       destroyer (which was an extremely dangerous task). 41 were built.
       The metal construction contributed to a slow production. Probably
       it was not used in combat during WWI. 
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 135kW BMW IIIa
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 7.25m  Height: 2.60m  Wing Area: 14.80m2
       Empty Weight: 654kg  Max.Weight: 834kg
       Speed: 225m/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 250km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Junkers G 38
       The G 38 was a big four-engined civil transport. The second G 38
       carried 34 passengers, of which six were seated in the leading
       edges of the big, thick wing, and two in to nose. Two G 38's were
       built. In 1939 the second G 38 was put in military service, and
       it was destroyed in 1941. (The first had crashed in 1936).
       Type: G 38ce
       Function: transport
       Year: 1931  Crew: 7  Engines: 4 * 750hp Junkers Jumo 204
       Speed: 225km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 3500km
       Load: 34 seats
Junkers J I
       All-metal biplane, an ground support aircraft. The J I had
       no outboard struts, but the attachment of the wings to the
       fuselage was rather complicated. The front fuselage was
       heavily armoured. 227 built.
       Type: J I
       Function: attack
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 150kW Benz Bz IV
       Wing Span: 16m  Length: 9.10m  Height: 3.40m  Wing Area: 49.40m2
       Empty Weight: 1766kg  Max.Weight: 2176kg
       Speed: 155km/h  Ceiling: 4000m  Range: 310km
       Armament: 2-3*mg7.92mm
--K--------------------------------------------------------------------------
K 30, Junkers
       This was a military version of the Junkers G 24 transport. They
       were built in Sweden and the USSR. There was also a floatplane
       version. Main users were the Soviet military forces. 
       Type: K 30C
       Function: bomber
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 3 * 310hp Junkers L-5
       Wing Span: 29.90m  Length: 15.20m  Height:   Wing Area: 94.6m2
       Empty Weight: 3860kg  Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling: 4500m  Range: 5hrs
       Armament: 
K 37, Junkers
       The K 37 was designed as a twin-engined mailplane, but was
       developed into a three-seat multi-purpose military aircraft.
       Mitsubishi developed the {Ki.2} bomber from it for the Japanese
       Army.
K 39, Junkers
       Three-seat recconaissance bomber. Prototype only.
K 43, Junkers
       Three seat reconnaissance bomber, development of the {W 33}
       transport.
K 47, Junkers
       The K 47 was actually built in Sweden in 1928. It was an all-metal
       monoplane with twin tail fins, powered by a 550hp BMW VII or Bristol
       Jupiter engine. Some were sold to China, some also built in the USSR.
K 51, Junkes
       Bomber development of the G 38. Not built in Germany; but six were
       built in Japan as the {Ki.20}.
K 53, Junkers
       reconnaissance-fighter development of the A 35 mailplane, initially
       known as the R 53. It was a two-seat low-wing monoplane, which could
       be fitted with wheeled landing gear, skis, or floats. It was built
       in Sweden. Over 20 were built, primarily for export to Manchuria
       and China.
       Type: K 53
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1926  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 310hp Junkers L 5
       Wing Span: 15.94m  Length: 8.22m  Height: 3.50m  Wing Area: 29.76m2
       Empty Weight: 1075kg  Max.Weight: 1580kg
       Speed: 205km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 4.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mh 2*mg
K 85, Junkers
       This was a design for a twin-engined floatplane, offered to the
       Swedish air force as a torpedo bomber. The {He 115} won the
       contract. 
Ka 430, Kalkert
       Development of the {Go 242}. The Ka 430 had a conventional,
       single tail with a loading ramp. 13 built.
       Type: Ka 430V1
       Function: assault glider
       Year: 1944  Crew: 2  Engines: 0
       Speed: 320km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 1*mg13mm
       Load: 12 seats
KD, Brandenburg
       See {Brandenburg D I}.
KDW, Brandenburg
       See {Brandenburg KDW}.
KF, Brandenburg
       Fighter biplane, a twin-boom pusher design. Performance was not good
       enough to warrant further development.
       Type: KF
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 150hp Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 11.60m  Length: 8.48m  Height:   Wing Area: 38.6m2
       Empty Weight: 760kg  Max.Weight: 1290kg
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg7.92mm
Kl 31, Klemm
       Cabin monoplane.
       Type: Kl 31
       Function: liaison
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110kW Siemens Sh 14A
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling: 3800m  Range: 735km
       Load: 3 seats
Kl 32, Klemm
       Four-seat cabin monoplane.
Kl 35, Klemm
       Low-wing monoplane trainer, with two open cockpits in tandem and
       fixed landing gear. It was widely used, by the Luftwaffe, but also
       by Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania and Sweden. 
       Type: Kl 35D
       Function: trainer / liaison
       Year: 1935  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 58kW Hirth HM60R
       Wing Span: 10.4m  Length: 7.5m  Height: 2.05m  Wing Area: 15.2m2
       Empty Weight: 460kg  Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 212km/h  Ceiling: 4350m  Range: 665km
Kl 104, Klemm
       Transferred to Siebel and renamed {Fh 104}.
Kl 106, Klemm
       Development of the {Kl 35}, powered by a 74kw Hirth HM 500 engine.
       Few built.
Kondor D I
       See {Kondor E 3}.
Kondor D 1
       Single-seat biplane fighter, developed in parallel with the
       'Kondor Dreidecker'. The D 1 was inspired by the Albatross
       aircraft that had been built by Kondor previously. Performance
       was disappointing. One built.
       Type: D 1
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Gnome Monosoupape
       Wing Span: 7.60m  Length: 4.85m  Height: 2.40m  Wing Area: 13.35m2
       Empty Weight: 388kg  Max.Weight: 568kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg
Kondor D 2
       This was a development of the {Kondor D 1}, with a new set of
       wings. The D 2 had good handling characteristics, but
       unsatisfactory performance. One built.
       Type: D 2
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110hp Oberursel Ur II
       Wing Span: 7.59m  Length: 4.87m  Height: 2.41m  Wing Area: 13.34m2
       Empty Weight: 380kg  Max.Weight: 560kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg
Kondor D 6
       This biplane fighter had no upper wing centre section: the upper
       wing panels were attached to the fuselage and the lower wings, but
       not to each other. This was intended to maximize the visibility
       from the cockpit. This configuration caused a lot of drag and did
       not induce confidence in the structural strength of the D 6.
       One built.
       Type: D 6
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 145hp Oberursel Ur III
       Wing Span: 8.25m  Length: 5.80m  Height: 2.53m  Wing Area: 13.80m2
       Empty Weight: 420kg  Max.Weight: 645kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Kondor D 7
       Biplane development of the {Kondor Dreidecker}. Development was
       brief and seems to have been unsuccessful.
       Type: D 7
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 8.50m  Length: 6.20m  Height: 2.30m  Wing Area: 15.70m2
       Empty Weight: 590kg  Max.Weight: 785kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.45hrs
       Armament: 2*mg
Kondor Dreidecker
       Single-seat fighter triplane, test flown by Kondor in 1917.
       It was abandoned because of vibration problems. 
Kondor E 3
       Parasol monoplane fighter. 100 were ordered by the German forces
       with the designation D I. The E 3 was inspired by the {Fokker E V}.
       The Konder E 3 was said to have excellent flying characteristics
       and a more robust wing than that of the Fokker E V. But only 8 to
       10 were completed before the end of the war. 
       Type: E 3
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Goebel Goe III
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 5.50m  Height: 2.75m  Wing Area: 12.75m2
       Empty Weight: 460kg  Max.Weight: 640kg
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
K.W. 1105
       Two-seat floatplane. One 150hp Benz engine.
--L--------------------------------------------------------------------------
L 25, Klemm
       Trainer, over 730 built.
       Type: L 25D
       Function: trainer
       Year: 1927  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 60kW Hirth HM60R
       Speed: 160km/h  Ceiling: 4800m  Range: 650km
       Armament:
L 65, Albatross
       After WWI, this aircraft was built in Lithuania  as the
       Memel A.F.G.1 to avoid the restrictions of the Versailles
       treaty. It was a two-seat fighter of wooden construction. The
       aircraft was evaluated by the German army, but not produced
       in series. Two built. 
       Type: L 65
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1925  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 450hp Napier Lion 
       Wing Span: 10.30m  Length: 6.15m  Height: 2.80m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 250km/h  Ceiling: 8000m  Range: 
       Armament:
L 76 Aelus, Albatross
       Trainer and reconnaissance biplane, 1926. Used at Lipetsk, USSR, to
       train the clandestine German air force. 
L 77, Albatross
       Fighter development of the {L 76}. The L 77 was a biplane of mixed
       construction. Four built, three were used at Lipetsk. 
       Type: L 77v
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1928  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 600hp BMW VI 5,5
       Wing Span: 12.76m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 1722kg  Max.Weight: 2580kg
       Speed: 220km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2.2hrs
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm
L 84, Albatross / Focke Wulf
       Two-seat biplane fighter. Five were built, and used for varying
       kinds of experimental work. At least one was sold to China.
       Type: L 84
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1931  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 660hp BMW VIu 7,3Z
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 3*mg7.9mm
L.F.G. Roland C II
       The C II was an advanced reconnaissance aircraft. It was a biplane 
       with the upper wing fixed on top of the monococque, whale-shaped 
       fuselage, and a single outboard strut. Handling was tricky, but 
       performance good, and the C II was also used as a escort fighter.
       Type: C II
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 10.30m  Length: 7.27m  Height: 2.90m  Wing Area: 26m2
       Empty Weight: 764kg  Max.Weight: 1284kg
       Speed: 165km/h  Ceiling: 4000m  Range: 4h
       Armament: 1-2*mg7.92mm
L.F.G. Roland C III
       Development of the {L.F.G. Roland C II} with conventional wing
       struts and a 200hp Benz Bz IV engine. One built.
L.F.G. Roland C V
       Two-seat version of the {L.F.G. Roland D II}. 160hp Merceder D III
       engine. 1918. One built.
L.F.G. Roland C VIII
       Development of {L.F.G. Roland C III} with a redesigned fuselage
       and a 260hp Mercedes D IV engine. Prototype only.
L.F.G. Roland D I
       Single-seat escort fighter, based on the structural principles
       of the {L.F.G. Roland C II}, a wooden veneer shell fuselage. The
       deep fuselage filled to gap between the biplane wings completely.
       The production was hampered by a fire in the L.F.G. factory;
       about 20 were built.
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 8.90m  Length: 6.80m  Height: 2.90m  Wing Area: 23.00m2
       Empty Weight: 699kg  Max.Weight: 932kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg
L.F.G. Roland D II
       Biplane fighter, a development of the {L.F.G. Roland D I}. The
       fuselage was redesigned, so that its top was narrower and the
       cockpit cutout was deeper. The D II was a good aircraft, but
       inferior to the {Albatros D I}. About 230 were built, used mainly 
       on the eastern front and in Macedonia. 
       Type: D IIa
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes
       Wing Span: 8.90m  Length: 6.95m  Height: 2.95m  Wing Area: 22m2
       Empty Weight: 635kg  Max.Weight: 795kg
       Speed: 169km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
L.F.G. Roland D III
       Development of the {L.F.G. Roland D II} with a more convential
       fuselage structure and new wings. This created a clear gap
       between the fuselage and the upper wing. Few were built, partly
       because the Argus engine was marginally performing. 
       Type: D III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180hp Argus As III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 19.83m2
       Empty Weight: 717kg  Max.Weight: 961kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
L.F.G. Roland D IV
       Triplane fighter. The upper wing was in the normal position, the
       middle wing at half-fuselage, the lower wing just above the
       main wheels. The fuselage was of built up from overlapping
       spruce planking, a method which was easier to built than the
       shell-structure of earlier L.F.G. aircraft. One built.
       Type: D IV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 9.45m  Length: 7.32m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 930kg  Max.Weight: 1208kg
       Speed: 155km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
L.F.G. Roland D V
       Development of the {L.F.G. Roland D III} with an improved
       fuselage. It retained the shell fuselage structure, but the
       cross-section of the fuselage was reduced. Performance was
       little improved. Three built.
       Type: D V
       Function: fighter 
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
L.F.G. Roland D VI
       Biplane fighter. Although the D VI looked similar to the
       {L.F.G. Roland D III}, it was an entirely new design, with
       a fuselage of overlapping spruce planks. The D VI was a good
       fighter aircraft, but not exceptional, and it was ordered
       merely as a backup for the {Fokker D VII}, despite its good
       qualities. About 350 were delivered before the end of WWI. 
       Type: D VI
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 150kW Benz Bz IIIa
       Wing Span: 9.42m  Length: 6.32m  Height: 2.80m  Wing Area: 22.12m2
       Empty Weight: 656kg  Max.Weight: 846kg
       Speed: 183km/h  Ceiling: 5800m  Range: 2h
       Armament: 2*mg
L.F.G. Roland D VII
       Biplane fighter, developed in parallel with the
       {L.F.G. Roland D VI}. The D VII was powered by an
       experimental Benz V-8 engine, which was underdeveloped.
       One built.
       Type: D VII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp Benz Bz IIIbo
       Wing Span: 8.84m  Length: 6.10m  Height: 2.80m  Wing Area: 20.83m2
       Empty Weight: 666kg  Max.Weight: 858kg
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
L.F.G. Roland D VIII
       The D VIII was built in parallel with the {L.F.G. Roland D VI}.
       In differed in having a geared engine instead of a direct-drive
       engine. It was considered unacceptable, presumably because of
       vibration problems. One built. 
L.F.G. Roland D IX
       This was a development of the {L.F.G. Roland D VII} with a
       powerful rotary engine, replacing the in-line units of earlier
       L.F.G. fighters. Three built.
       Type: D IX
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Siemens-Halske Sh III
       Wing Span: 8.92m  Length: 5.90m  Height: 2.75m  Wing Area: 18.48m2
       Empty Weight: 534kg  Max.Weight: 724kg
       Speed: 185km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
L.F.G. Roland D XIII
       This was a development of the {L.F.G. Roland D VII}, powered
       by the Korting V-8 engine. The engine was troublesome. Development
       was abandoned when the D XIII was destroyed in a fire.
       Type: D XIII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 195hp Korting Kg III
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 23.00m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
L.F.G. Roland D XIV
       Biplane fighter, a development of the {L.F.G. Roland D XIII}
       with a 160hp Goebel rotary engine. The engine was highly unreliable
       and the D XIV was little flown. 
L.F.G. Roland D XV
       Biplane fighter. It was powered by either an 185hp BMW III engine,
       or a 160hp Mercedes D III, a 180hp Mercedes D IIIa, or a 200hp
       Benz Bz IIIa. The D XV had the fuselage of overlapping planking
       also used by some earlier designs, combined with a wing cellule
       without bracing wires. Three were built. Extensive modifications
       were required, and L.F.G., rather than implementing them, designed
       an entirely new fighter, also designated D XV. The new fighter
       had a rectangular fuselage with conventional plywood covering,
       and strongly resembled the {Fokker D VII}. Two were built. 
       Type: D XV (first design)
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 8.64m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 23.80m2
       Empty Weight: 730kg  Max.Weight: 910kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
L.F.G. Roland D XVI
       Parasol-wing monoplane fighter, powered by the 160hp Siemens-Halske
       Sh III engine or the 170hp Goebel Goe IIIa rotary engines.
       Prototypes only.
       Type: D XVI
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Goebel Goe III
       Wing Span: 9.46m  Length: 5.90m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
L.F.G Roland D XVII
       Parasol-wing monoplane fighter. The D XVII was considered to be
       inferior to the contemporary {Fokker E V} parasol-wing fighter
       design, and the wings were too weak. One built. 185hp BMW IIIa
       engine, 1918. 
L.F.G. Roland Dr I
       See {L.F.G. Roland D IV}.
L.F.G. Roland E I
       See {L.F.G. Roland D XVI}.
L.F.G. Roland G I
       Biplane bomber. The 260hp Maybach Mb IV engine was buried in the
       fuselage, two pusher propellers were fitted behind the wing. No
       production. 1915.
L.F.G. Roland V.19 Stralsund
       Single-seat seaplane, a small monoplane designed to operate from
       submarines. It was an all-metal aircraft powered by a 110hp
       Oberursel Ur II engine. The prototype was probably not completed
       until after WWI. 
L.F.G. Roland W
       Fighter biplane, basically a seaplane version of the
       {L.F.G. Roland D I} fighter. It was rejected because
       of the poor visibility from the cockpit. One built.
       Type: W 
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 10.10m  Length: 8.95m  Height: 3.20m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 1148kg  Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
L.F.G. Roland WD
       Escort fighter, a float biplane developed from the
       {L.F.G. Roland D I}.
Linke-Hoffman R I
       The R I had four engines fitted inside the fuselage. Two tractor
       propellers were fitted between the wings.
Linke-Hoffman R II
       The four engines of the R II biplane bomber were all coupled to a
       single propeller in the nose. 1918.
Lloyd C II
       Type: C II
       Function: reconnaissance / trainer
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 105kW Hiero
       Speed: 130km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 2h 30m
       Armament: 1*mg
L.T.G. FD 1
       Twin-float biplane fighter, an angular but clean type. Six
       prototypes were built. Five of these were accepted by the German
       Navy, but they were placed in storage and not used in combat.
       Type: FD 1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 150hp Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 9.00m  Height: 3.55m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 895kg  Max.Weight: 1165kg
       Speed: 145km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
L.V.G. B I
       Reconnaissance biplane, a type that did not have a very good
       performance. 
       Type: B I
       Function: reconnaissance / trainer 
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 75kW Mercedes D.I
       Wing Span: 12.12m  Length: 8.30m  Height: 2.95m  Wing Area: 35.40m2
       Empty Weight: 726kg  Max.Weight: 1075kg
       Speed: 105km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 4hrs
       Armament: 
L.V.G. B II
       Two-seat reconnaissance biplane, development of the {L.V.G. B I},
       and just as sluggish and underpowered.
L.V.G. B III
       Trainer biplane, a development of the {L.V.G. B II}. 
L.V.G. C I
       This was the first aircraft in the German C-class of armed
       reconnaissance aircraft. It was a development of the {L.V.G. B I}.
       Type: C I
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 *
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
L.V.G. C II
       Development of the {L.V.G. B II}. The seats of observer and
       pilot were switched. 
       Type: C II
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 12.85m  Length: 8.10m  Height: 2.93m  Wing Area: 37.60m2
       Empty Weight: 845kg  Max.Weight: 1405kg
       Speed: 130km/h  Ceiling: 5030m  Range: 4h
       Armament: 1-2*mg 60kg
L.V.G. C III
       Development of the {L.V.G. C II}. Few built.
L.V.G. C IV
       Enlarged {L.V.G. C II} with 220hp Mercedes D IV engine.
       Few built.
L.V.G. C V
       Biplane reconnaissance aircraft, a good all-round aircraft.
       Type: C V
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 200hp Benz Bz IV
       Speed: 103mph  Ceiling: 21300ft  Range: 3h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
L.V.G. C VI
       Improved {L.V.G. C V}.
L.V.G. C VIII
       Development of the {L.V.G. C V} with a 240hp Benz engine and
       structural improvments. One built.
L.V.G. D I
       Licensc-built {Albatros D II}. 
L.V.G. D II
       Biplane fighter. The D II adhered to the semi-monococque fuselage
       structure of the Albatros fighters that L.V.G. had build under
       license; but the fuselage was deep and filled the gap between the
       wings, although it was not so extremely deep as that of the
       {L.V.G. D 10}. The D II was powered by a 160hp Mercedes D III
       engine. Development was abandoned after the loss of the
       prototype. 1916. 
L.V.G. D III
       Biplane fighter, with a more conventional layout than its
       {L.V.G. D 10} and D 12 ({L.V.G. D II}) predecessors. The
       fuselage was still a semi-monocoque, but was now of circular
       cross-section with a conventional wing cabane. The D III was
       not selected for production, because it was judged to be
       too heavy and too large. One built.
       Type: D III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp NAG C III
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 753m  Height: 2.92m  Wing Area: 26.20m2
       Empty Weight: 773kg  Max.Weight: 1028kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
L.V.G. D IV
       Biplane fighter, basically a development of the {L.V.G. D III}.
       It was used as testbed for the 185hp Benz Bz IIIbo direct-drive
       engine, which proved to be unreliable. Both prototypes were lost
       when the engines failed. 
       Type: D IV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp Benw Bz IIIbo
       Wing Span: 8.50m  Length: 6.28m  Height: 2.70m  Wing Area: 18.06m2
       Empty Weight: 680kg  Max.Weight: 935kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
L.V.G. D V
       Biplane fighter, 1918. The interplane struts were very broad and
       linked in a W-arrangment, from the top of the fuselage to the
       lower mid-wing and from there to the tip of the upper wing. The
       upper wing, which was of narrower chord than the lower wing, was
       hinged outboard of the centre section, so that the entire outer
       wing panels could rotate as ailerons. The D V proved to have poor
       controllability. One built.
       Type: D V
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp Benz Bz IIIbm
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
L.V.G. D VI
       Biplane fighter, with a similar slab-sided plywood fuselage as the
       {L.V.G. D V} and the same 185hp Benz Bz IIIbm engine, but with a
       conventional wing structure. One built.
L.V.G. D 10
       Biplane fighter. The D 10 had an extremely deep, semi-ellipctical
       fuselage that completely filled the large wing gap. It was of
       wooden semi-monocoque structure. Flying characterics were
       unsatisfactory. One built.
       Type: D 10
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120hp Mercedes D II
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
L.V.G. D 12
       See {L.V.G. D II}.
L.V.G. E I
       Two-seat monoplane fighter. One prototype was built, powered by a
       120hp Mercedes D II. It was lost on a ferry flight to the front,
       where it would have been tested operationally. 1915. 
L.V.G. G III
       Twin-engined triplane bomber. 245hp Maybach Mb IV engines.
--M--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mannesmann
       In 1919 an allied control commision found parts of the Mannesmann
       triplane bomber. The aircraft would have had ten engines in tandem
       pairs (four on the middle wing, one on the lower), a crew of eight,
       and an endurance of 80h -- enough for a range of 10400km!
Mark D I
       Biplane fighter. Two were built before the end of WWI.
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 195hp Benz Bz IIIb
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
MBB 223 Flamingo
       Originally built by SIAT, that became a part of MBB in 1970. It
       was a simple low-wing trainer with fixed landing gear, with
       single-seat and two-seat acrobatic versions and four-seat utility
       versions. Later the production was moved to CASA in Spain.
       Type: MBB 223
       Function: trainer / utility
       Year: 1969  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 149kW Avco Lycoming IO-360-C1B
       Wing Span: 8.28m  Length: 7.43m  Height: 2.70m  Wing Area: 11.50m2
       Empty Weight: 685kg  Max.Weight: 1050kg
       Speed: 243km/h  Ceiling: 3750m  Range: 1150km
Me 108, Messerschmitt
       See {Bf 108}.
Me 109, Messerschmitt.
       See {Bf 109}.
Me 110, Messerschmitt
       See {Bf 110}. It seems however, that both Bf- and Me- designations
       were used in official documents throughout WWII.
Me 155, Messerschmitt
       This high-altitude fighter was based on the {Bf 109}. It was
       transferred to Blohm und Voss as the {Bv 155} before construction
       began, and then extensively modified.
Me 163 Komet, Messerschmitt
       The Me 163 was unique: the world's first and only operational
       rocket-engined fighter. It was built in quite different Me 163A
       trainer and Me 163B fighter versions. This small tailless aircraft
       had impressive performance and excellent handling, but its rocket
       engine and fuel were extremely dangerous. The Me 163 was a great
       technological achievement, but a military disaster, with huge
       accident losses.
       Type: Me 163B
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1700kg Walter HWK 509A-2
       Wing Span: 9.32m  Length: 5.84m  Height: 2.77m  Wing Area: 18.50m2
       Empty Weight: 1905kg  Max.Weight: 4110kg
       Speed: 960km/h  Ceiling: 12040m  Range: 8min power
       Armament: 2*g30mm
Me 208, Messerschmitt
       Development of the {Bf 108} with tricycle undercarriage. Two built.
Me 209, Messerschmitt
       The Me 209 was a small, high-powered aircraft built especially for
       setting the world speed record. Later attempts were made to convert
       this 'vicious little brute' into a fighter, and a prototype with
       longer wings and armament was flown. Four built.
       Type: Me 209V1
       Function: experimental
       Year: 1938  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1670kW Daimler-Benz DB601ARJ
       Speed: 755km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Me 209, Messerschmitt
       High-altitude fighter programme, not related to the earlier
       {Me 209} record aircraft. The two built were essentially
       reengined {Bf 109}s with longer wings and tails. After official
       cancellation the development continued under the name Me 109L.
       Type: Me 209 V5
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1943  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * Daimler-Benz DB605B
       Wing Span: 10.95m  Length: 9.74m  Height: 4.00m  Wing Area: 17.15m2
       Empty Weight: 3338kg  Max.Weight: 4085kg
       Speed: 699km/h  Ceiling: 12000m  Range:
       Armament: 1*g 4*mg
Me 210, Messerschmitt
       The Me 210 twin-engined fighter was designed to replace the
       {Bf 110}. Due to serious structural and handling problems,
       production had to be halted, and the Bf 110 was reinstated.
       The modified {Me 410}, with a longer tail, was acceptable;
       this modification was also made to the existing Me 210s.
       Its performance was still little better than that of the
       Bf 110. 352 Me 210s were built, the majority of them
       DB605-powered Me 210C's built in Hungary. An unusual design
       feature were the rear-firing, remote-controlled gun barbettes
       on the aft fuselage, with 13mm guns. 
       Type: Me 210A-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1941  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 1020kW Daimler-Benz DB601F
       Wing Span: 16.34m  Length: 12.12m  Height: 4.28m  Wing Area: 36.20m2
       Empty Weight: 7070kg  Max.Weight: 9705kg
       Speed: 620km/h  Ceiling: 7000m  Range: 2400km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm 2*g20mm 2*mg13mm
Me 261, Messerschmitt
       Originally designed as a long-range record-breaking aircraft,
       the Me 261 had an extremely slender fuselage, but two DB606
       engines --- each consisting of two coupled DB601 V-12s. Work
       continued even during the war, because of their advanced design.
       With their cramped fuselages they had little military value,
       however. Three were built, one was used for reconnaissance flights
       in 1943.
       Type: Me 261V3
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1941  Crew: 5  Engines: 2 * 2700hp Daimler-Benz DB606A/B
       Wing Span: 26.87m  Length: 16.69m  Height: 4.72m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 620km/h  Ceiling: 8260m  Range:
       Armament:
Me 262, Messerschmitt
       The Me 262 was the world's first operational jet fighter. It
       was also the best of its generation, with an advanced aerodynamic
       design. Its development was much delayed, less by political
       disagreement than by engine development, and the Me 262 arrived
       too late to influence the end of WWII. Even the series aircraft
       had extremely unreliable and short-lived engines. Both fighter
       and fighter-bomber models were built in quantity. There were also
       single-seat and two-seat nightfighters, reconaissance aircraft,
       and some other experimental versions. Only a few Me 262s were
       used in combat. They were vastly outnumbered on every occasion,
       and often flown by unsufficiently trained pilots. Around 1430
       were completed. 
       Type: Me 262A-1a
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 900kg Junkers Jumo 004B-1
       Wing Span: 12.48m  Length: 10.60m  Height: 3.84m  Wing Area: 21.70m2
       Empty Weight: 3800kg  Max.Weight: 6400kg
       Speed: 870km/h  Ceiling: 11450m  Range: 1050km
       Armament: 4*g30mm
Me 263, Messerschmitt
       This rocket-engined fighter was initially a development of the
       {Me 163}, but retained no more than a configurational similarity. 
       It began life as the Me 163D, was then moved to Junkers as the
       {Ju 248}, and then renamed again Me 263. Compared with the Me 163, 
       tha Me 163 had a larger fuselage, wheeled landing gear and a new
       rocket engine with a 'cruise chamber'. One built. There is no
       evidence that the Me 263 ever made a powered flight. 
       Type: Me 263A-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1945  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1700kg Walter HWK 109-509C-4
       Wing Span: 9.50m  Length: 7.83m  Height: 3.17m  Wing Area: 17.80m2
       Empty Weight: 1920kg  Max.Weight: 5300kg
       Speed: 880km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 14.75min power
       Armament: 2*g30mm
Me 264, Messerschmitt
       Strategic bomber. The Me 264 could lift 39400l of fuel and
       1800kg of bombs for an attack on the USA -- merely of
       propaganda importance. Drawings were made for a jet-engined
       development and even a coal-fuelled version was considered.
       Only two were built.
       Type: Me 264
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1943  Crew: 6  Engines: 4 * 1410hp Junkers Jumo 211-J
       Speed: 565km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 14000km
       Armament:
Me 309, Messerschmitt
       The Me 309 was designed as a replacement for the {Bf 109},
       already in 1940, but was assigned a low priority. The Me 309
       was advanced in concept, with tricycle landing gear, a
       pressurized concept, and cannon armament. The Me 309 was never
       satisfactory, and especially the nosewheel was a weak point:
       many photographs show the Me 309 with its nose in the ground.
       Four were built before the RLM cancelled the project. 
       Type: Me 309V4
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1943  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1475hp Daimler-Benz DB605B
       Wing Span: 11.00m  Length: 9.93m  Height: 3.43m  Wing Area: 16.50m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 4870kg
       Speed: 580km/h  Ceiling: 12000m  Range: 1100km
       Armament: 2*g30mm 2*mg20mm 4*mg13mm
Me 310, Messerschmitt
       Proposed development of the {Me 210}, more advanced than
       the {Me 410}. The Me 310 would have had a pressure cabin
       and long-span wings. Not built.
Me 321, Messerschmitt
       The Me 321 was a very large transport glider. It had a bulky
       front fuselage with large nose doors, a relatively slender tail,
       and a multi-wheeled undercarriage. The big problem was finding
       a suitable tug aircraft. The use of three {Bf 110}s to tow one
       Me 321 proved to be highly dangerous. Finally, the five-engined
       {He 111Z} was built for the task. 200 built. The {Me 323} was
       produced by fitting captured French engines to the Me 321.
       Type: Me 321B-2
       Function: transport glider
       Year: 1941  Crew: 3  Engines: 0 *
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
       Load: 22000kg
Me 323 Gigant, Messerschmitt
       Motorized version of the {Me 321}. Six captured French engines
       were used to make this transport independent of towing aircraft.
       The Me 323 had many features of post-war military transport
       aircraft. The Gigant was very sturdy, but so slow that it was
       extremely vulnerable in combat, despite the addition of powerful
       defensive armament. The Luftwaffe even experimented with a
       heavily armed "escort" version, carrying eleven 20mm cannon and
       four 13mm machineguns. 198 built.
       Type: Me 323E-2
       Function: transport
       Year: 1942  Crew: 7-11  Engines: 6 * 840kW Gnome-Rhone 14N48/49
       Wing Span: 55m  Length: 28.50m  Height: 9.60m  Wing Area: 300m2
       Empty Weight: 29060kg  Max.Weight: 45000kg
       Speed: 253km/h  Ceiling: 4500m  Range: 1200km
       Armament: 2*g20mm 7*mg13mm
       Load: 10000kg, 130 seats
Me 328, Messerschmitt
       This little fighter was intended to be carried by launch aircraft.
       Later versions were intended as assault aircraft and take-off
       by catapult or rocket trolley was planned. The As 014 was the
       pulse-jet engine of the V-1, and caused severe vibration. No
       production.
       Type: Me 328A-1
       Function: fighter
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 300kg Argus AS 014
       Speed: 755km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*g15mm
Me 329, Messerschmitt
       Project for a tailless, two-seat fighter-bomber. Only a unpowered
       glider prototype was built.
       Type: Me 329
       Function: fighter-bomber
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 1750hp Daimler-Benz DB 603
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 5*g 2200lb
Me 334, Messerschmitt
       (S-D-A-F-LS-F-ILP1)
       This was a design for a small tailless fighter, based on the
       wings of the {Me 163}, but with a DB 605 engine instead of the
       rocket engine of the Me 163. The engine was installed in
       the nose, but drove a pusher propeller on the tail. The
       Me 334 would also have had a tricycyle undercarriage and a
       ventral fin. When the rocket engine for the Me 163 was ready
       the Me 334 was abandoned.
       Type: Me 334
       Function: fighter
       Year: (1943)  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1100kw DB 605A
       Wing Span: 9.30m  Length: 7.0m  Height: 3.72m  Wing Area: 17.3m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg13mm
Me 409, Messerschmitt
       The Me 409 design was similar in concept to the {Bf 109Z}, except
       that the fuselages of the {Me 209} high-altitude fighter were used,
       and the new wing that had been designed for the {Me 155}. The
       project was cancelled in 1944.
Me 410 Hornisse, Messerschmitt
       The Me 410 was a development of the miserable {Me 210}, fitted with
       the longer tail and automatic wing slots that were adopted for the
       latter to cure its stability problems, and some more modifications. 
       The Me 410 was indeed better than the Me 210, but it still couldn't
       be considered a succes. It was used mainly as fast bomber and
       fighter-bomber. Many armament options were tried out, including 210mm
       rockets and a 50mm gun. 1160 were built.
       Type: Me 410A-1/U-2
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1943  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 1290kW Daimler-Benz DB603A-1
       Wing Span: 16.35m  Length: 12.48m  Height: 4.28m  Wing Area: 36.20m2
       Empty Weight: 7518kg  Max.Weight: 9650kg
       Speed: 629km/h  Ceiling: 10000m  Range: 1690km
       Armament: 2*g20mm 2*mg7.9mm 2*mg13mm 1000kg
Me 509, Messerschmitt
       This was a design based on the {Me 309}, with the cockpit moved
       forward and the engine behind it, like the Bell {P-39} Airacobra.
       This may have been concenred as a solution for the nosewheel
       trouble of the Me 309. Never built.
Me 609, Messerschmitt
       Another twin-fuselage design. This time two {Me 309} fuselages were
       used. The project was even less in favour than the {Bf 109Z} and
       {Me 409}, because of the poor qualities of the Me 309.
MiG-29, Mikoyan-Gurevich
       The {MiG-29} is the only type of combat aircraft of the DDR that
       will continue in service with the air forces of the reunited
       Germany. 24 had been delivered to the DDR.
Mistel
       The 'Mistel' consisted of an unmanned {Ju 88} fitted with a
       large 3800kg shaped-charge warhead, with a fighter ({Bf 109}
       or {Fw 190}) fixed on top of it. The fighter pilot took off
       with the contraption, flew it to target, aimed it, uncoupled
       its fighter and flew home. Some 250 were delivered to the
       Luftwaffe. Succes was minimal.
--N--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Naglo D II
       Single-engined quadruplane -- or more correctly, a 3 1/2 plane,
       because the lowest wing was much smaller. It remained
       experimental.
       Type: D II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 22.40m2
       Empty Weight: 724kg  Max.Weight: 914kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
N.F.W. B I
       Type: B I
       Function: reconnaissance / trainer
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 *
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
N.F.W. E I
       Single-seat monoplane fighter. Development was abandoned in favour
       of the larger {N.F.W. E II.}
       Type: E I
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 80hp Oberursel U 0
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 6.50m  Height:   Wing Area: 15.72m2
       Empty Weight: 428kg  Max.Weight: 620kg
       Speed: 156km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
N.F.W. E II
       Single-seat monoplane fighter. Prototype only.
       Type: E II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Daimler D IIIa
       Wing Span: 12.00m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 17.00m2
       Empty Weight: 558kg  Max.Weight: 768kg
       Speed: 186km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
NH90, Eurocopter / NH Industries 
       Modern medium-size helicopter, developed by France, Germany,
       Italy and the Netherlands. The NH90 made its first flight in
       Devember 1995. It has an all-composite fuselage, and fly-by-wire
       controls. There will be naval (NFH) and tactical transport
       (TTH) versions. 
       Type: NH90
       Function: transport
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 2 * 1370kW R.R.-Turbomeca RTM 322-01/9
       Rotor Span: 16.30m  Length: 19.56m  Height: 5.44m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 9100kg
       Speed: 300km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range: 1200km
       Armament: 14-20 seats, 2500kg
Noratlas, Nord N.2501D
       Twin-engined twin-boom transport aircraft, similar to the American
       {C-119} in layout. The Luftwaffe received 173, all but the initial
       25 built in Germany.
NR 54, Nagler und Rolz
       Development of the {NR 55}, smaller and foldable. Never flown
       Type: NR 54V1
       Function: experimental
       Year:   Crew:   Engines: 1 * 24hp
       Rotor Span: 3.96m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area:
       Empty Weight: 84.2kg  Max.Weight: 179kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
NR 55, Nagler und Rolz
       Ulta-small helicopter, prototype of the {NR 54}. The NR 55 was
       able to take off indoors, but failed to achieve horizontal flight.
       Type: NR 55
       Function: experimental
       Year: 1940  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 40hp
       Rotor Span: 5.3m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area:
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 349kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
--O--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Otto B
       Pusher biplane, used as reconnaissance bomber in 1915. Slow but
       reliable, the Otto B was one of the aircraft selected for attacks
       on England.
       Type: B
       Function: reconnaissance bomber
       Year: 1914  Crew:   Engines: 1 * 100hp Mercedes
       Speed: 109km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
OV-10 Bronco, North American
       Ten of th US-built O{V-10} COIN-aircarft are in use as target tugs.
--P--------------------------------------------------------------------------
P.60, Gotha
       Another 1945 project for a tailless fighter. The BMW 003 jet
       engines were to be in a tandem arrangment above and below the
       fuselage. A radar was planned in a long nose cone.
P.75, Henschel
       This was a design for a tailless, canard fighter. It was
       powered by a DB 613 engine, driving contra-rotating pusher
       propellers. The Luftwaffe rejected the design. 1941.
P.130, Henschel
       A small fighter with moderately swept wings, with an in-line
       pusher engine. 
P.149, Piaggio
       A basic trainer of Italian design. The Luftwaffe bought 72
       Italian-built and 194 license-produced aircraft.
P.163, Blohm und Voss
       Single-engined bomber project, with the unusual feature that
       the crew was in nacelles on the tips of the wings. In theory,
       this gave them an excellent view and field of fire.
P.197, Blohm und Voss
       A 1944 design for a twin-engined jet fighter with the engines
       buried in the fuselage, modest wing sweep, and a T-tail. 
P.198, Blohm und Voss
       Rather awkward design for a high-altitude interceptor. The
       P.198 was a simple, straight-wing aircraft with a jet
       engine slung under the front fuselage. This arrangment
       left room for a radar in the nose. 
P.202, Blohm und Voss
       Design for a twin-engined jet fighter. The fuselage was fairly
       conventional, with two jet engines in a nacelle under the front
       fuselage. The wing was of the "swivel-wing" type, as later
       revived by NASA and tested on the {AD-1}: The one-piece wing was
       mounted high on the wing and hinged, with the left wing tip moving
       forward and the right tip backwards. 1944.
P.207, Blohm und Voss
       (S-D-A-F-LN-N-ILP1)
       Fighter project. The P.207 was a very angular, but sleek design
       with a pusher engine. Estimated performance was insufficient.
       1944.
P.208, Blohm und Voss
       Project for a fighter, 1945. The P.208 was a tailess aircraft with
       a pusher engine in a small central fuselage, with a coolant radiator
       underneath. The wings were swept and gulled, with downturned tips
       instead of tailfins. Armed with three 30mm cannon. The design
       was abandoned in favour of jet-engined developments. 
P.215, Blohm und Voss
       Nightfighter project, 1945. The P.215 was a twin-engined tailless
       jet aircraft, with fins and rudders at the tips of the swept
       wing. The engines were installed side by side in the central
       nacelle. 
P.247, Dornier
       This design evolved as a derivative of the {Do 335} with a
       pusher engine only, but moderately swept wings and better
       aerodynamics. 
P.273, Dornier
       This was a design for a high-altitude version of the {Do 335},
       with long-span wings.
P.1070 Julia, Heinkel
       The P.1070 was a design for a small ramp-launched point-defence
       interceptor. No aircraft were completed, because the {Me 263} was
       considered better.
       Type: P.1070
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1700kg Walter HWK 509C
                                     4 * 1000kg Schmiddling 533
       Speed: 980km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*g30mm
P.1073, Heinkel
       The P.1073 design was another twin-engined jet fighter. It had
       thin, slender, swept wing. One jet engine was under the front
       fuselage, the other on top of the aft fuselage. The P.1073
       provided the basis of the {He 162}, although the latter had only
       the upper engine and a unswept wing of simple construction. 
P.1076, Heinkel
       Fighter design, broadly based on the {He 100}, again with surface
       evaporation cooling. It was powered by the DB 603 engine and had
       wings that were slightly swept forward. The P.1076 was never built,
       but after the occupation of Germany the drawings were completed
       for US intelligence. 
P.1101, Messerschmitt
       The P.1101 was a variable geometry jet fighter -- the first of its
       kind. Wing sweep could only be changed on the ground. An aircraft
       was built in 1945, but it is not known to have flown. The P.1101
       provided the ideas for the US {X-5} experimental aircraft.
P.1110/II, Messerchmitt
       Project for a jet fighter, 1944. The P.1110 had swept wings and
       a V-tail. The air intake was a narrow slot around the entire mid
       fuselage. Speed 630mph, range 940 mils, span 21ft 6in, length 31ft.
       HeS 011 engine.
PE, A.E.G.
       The PE was an armoured ground attack aircraft of triplane
       configuration. Test flown in early 1918, it never entered
       production. 
Pembroke, Hunting Percival
       British twin-engined light transport. 34 bought by Germany.
Pfalz A I
       This was the license-built Morane-Saulnier {L}, a parasol monoplane,
       with a 80hp Oberursel U O engine.
Pfalz A II
       Version of the {Pfalz A I} with a 100hp Oberursel U I engine.
Pfalz C I
       License-built {Rumpler C IV}.
Pfalz D III
       Biplane fighter, the design of which owed much the the
       {L.F.G. Roland D I} and {L.F.G. Roland D II}. The D III
       was not a very good fighter, but it was well-behaved and
       its monococque fuselage was strong. Served until 1918.
       About 600 were built.
       Type: D III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 9.40m  Length: 6.95m  Height: 2.67m  Wing Area: 22.14m2
       Empty Weight: 690kg  Max.Weight: 925kg
       Speed: 165km/h  Ceiling: 5200m  Range: 2h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Pfalz D IV
       Very little is known about the D IV biplane fighter. It was flown
       in 1917 and had a 110hp Oberursel U II engine.
Pfalz D.4
       Single-seat fighter biplane. The fuselage was very deep and the
       cockpit deeply recessed, offering extremely poor view. Handling
       was bad too, and the D.4 was abandoned.
       Type: D.4
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 105hp Daimler D I
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Pfalz D VI
       Single-seat biplane fighter. The D VI was an excercise in
       streamlining, with a beautiful semi-monocoque fuselage, a
       neatly cowled rotary engine, and single-bay biplane wings. 
       It was not accepted for production.
       Type: D VI
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1 Engines: 1 * 110hp Oberursel U II
       Wing Span: 7.08m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 13.30m2
       Empty Weight: 400kg  Max.Weight: 606kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg
Pfalz D VII
       Biplane fighter. One built. 
       Type: D VII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Siemens Halske Sh III
       Wing Span: 7.52m  Length: 5.65m  Height: 2.85m  Wing Area: 17.20m2
       Empty Weight: 520kg  Max.Weight: 715kg
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Pfalz D VIII
       Development of the {Pfalz D VII}. The only difference was a change
       in wing bracing. 40 built, and a few used in combat. It is reported
       that handling was good and climb rate high, but that the
       undercarriage was weak. 
       Type: D VIII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Siemens Halske Sh III
       Wing Span: 7.52m  Length: 5.65m  Height: 2.85m  Wing Area: 17.20m2
       Empty Weight: 453kg  Max.Weight: 738kg
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Pfalz D XII
       The D XII was a biplane fighter. It was accepted for production,
       and 500 were ordered. But the D XII was completely overshadowed
       by the {Fokker D VII}. It was disliked because of its sluggish
       response to the controls. About 800 built.
       Type: D XII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 130kW Mercedes D IIIa
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 6.35m  Height: 2.70m  Wing Area: 21.70m2
       Empty Weight: 716kg  Max.Weight: 897kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling: 5650m  Range: 2h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Pfalz D XIV
       Development of the {Pfalz D XII}, with little performance
       improvement. The wings, fuselage and tail were all enlarged.
       No production.
       Type: D XIV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * Benz Bz IVu
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 6.32m  Height: 2.70m  Wing Area: 25.43m2
       Empty Weight: 833kg  Max.Weight: 1032kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Pfalz D XV
       Single-seat biplane fighter, probably the last German fighter to be
       accepted for production in WWI, on 4 November 1918. The D XV was
       a good fighter, fast and maneuvrable, although difficult to land.
       An obvious difference with the earlier Pfalz fighter was that the
       fuselage was suspended between the wings. Also, all wire bracing
       was deleted. 
       Type: D XV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1 Engines: 1 * 185hp BMW IIIa
       Wing Span: 8.60m  Length: 6.50m  Height: 2.70m  Wing Area: 20.00m2
       Empty Weight: 738kg  Max.Weight: 918kg
       Speed: 203km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1h 30m
       Armament:
Pfalz Dreidecker
       Triplane derivative of the {Pfalz D III}. Pfalz didn't even
       bother to offer it to the military, so it probably was
       disappointing.
Pfalz Dr I
       Triplane fighter, derived from the {Pfalz D VII}. The middle
       wing had a very narrow chord, and the big propeller made a very
       long undercarriage needed. A service trials batch was built, but
       reports were unfavourable. Ten built.
       Type: Dr I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Siemens-Halske Sh III
       Wing Span: 8.55m  Length: 5.50m  Height: 2.76m  Wing Area: 17.20m2
       Empty Weight: 510kg  Max.Weight: 705kg
       Speed: 201km/h  Ceiling: 6000m  Range:
       Armament: 2*mg
Pfalz Dr II
       Triplane fighter, developed in parallel with the {Pfalz Dr I}. It
       was smaller and lighter. Two built.
       Type: Dr II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110hp Oberursel Ur II
       Wing Span: 7.20m  Length: 5.95m  Height: 2.90m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 400kg  Max.Weight: 596kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg
Pfalz E I
       Monoplane fighter, broadly based on the French Morane-Saulnier
       {H} aircraft that Pfalz had licence-produced. A small number were
       used in combat. The Pfalz E I was easily mistaken for the very
       similar {Fokker E I}, but had a lower performance.
       Type: E I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 80hp Oberursel U O
       Wing Span: 9.26m  Length: 6.30m  Height: 2.55m  Wing Area: 14.00m2
       Empty Weight: 345kg  Max.Weight: 535kg
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 1*mg
Pfalz E II
       Development of the {Pfalz E I}. The Pfalz monoplanes saw only
       limited service.
       Type: E II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 75kW Oberursel U 1
       Wing Span: 10.20m  Length: 6.45m  Height: 2.55m  Wing Area: 16.00m2
       Empty Weight: 410kg  Max.Weight: 572kg
       Speed: 151km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 1*mg
Pfalz E III
       Fighter version of the {Pfalz A II}. Few entered service.
       The E III was regarded an interim type. It was not related
       to the {Pfalz E I}, {Pfalz E II} and {Pfalz E IV}: It was a
       parasol-wing monoplane. About 60 were built. The E III was
       only considered as an interim type.
       Type: E III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Oberursel U I
       Wing Span: 11.20m  Length: 6.85m  Height: 3.40m  Wing Area: 18.00m2
       Empty Weight: 445kg  Max.Weight: 705kg
       Speed: 153km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2h
       Armament: 1*mg
Pfalz E IV
       Development of the {Pfalz E II}, with a more powerful engine
       and increased armament. Handling and engine problems restricted
       its use. 24 built.
       Type: E IV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Oberursel U III
       Wing Span: 10.20m  Length: 6.60m  Height: 2.55m  Wing Area: 16.00m2
       Empty Weight: 471kg  Max.Weight: 694kg
       Speed: 160km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1h
       Armament: 2*mg
Pfalz E V
       Development of the {Pfalz E IV}. The E V was powered by a
       liquid-cooled in-line engine instead of the rotary of the
       E IV. Twenty were built, but they were obsolete before they
       reached the front.
       Type: E V
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 105hp Daimler D I
       Wing Span: 10.20m  Length: 6.60m  Height: 2.55m  Wing Area: 16.00m2
       Empty Weight: 510kg  Max.Weight: 696kg
       Speed: 165km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2h
       Armament: 1*mg
Pfalz E VI
       Development of the {Pfalz E V}, again powered by the 100hp
       Oberursel U I rotary. Twenty built, but only used as trainers.
--Q--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--R--------------------------------------------------------------------------
R 53, Junkers
       See {K 53}.
Ranger 2000, Rockwell/ DASA
       The Ranger 2000 is a turbofan-powered derivative of the RFB
       Fantrainer. It is offered to the JPATS competition of the USAF.
       Type: Ranger 2000
       Function: trainer
       Year: 1993  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 14.23kN P&WC JT15D-5C
       Wing Span: 10.45m  Length: 10.91m  Height: 3.90m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 3583kg 
       Speed: 630km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 970km
Rex D 6
       Single-seat biplane fighter, inspred by the Bristol {Scout}. 
       Two built.
       Type: D 6 
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 80hp Oberursel U 0
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Rex D 7
       Small wooden sesquiplane fighter powered by a 100hp Hansen rotary.
       The whole lower wing halves pivoted, to be used as ailerons
       or flaps. It was built to the requirements of the German 'ace'
       Werner Voss, and abandoned after his death. One built.
Ro II, Rohrbach
       All-metal flying boat. The Ro II was a monoplane of very angular
       construction. 1923.
Ro III, Rohrbach
       Development of the {Ro II}. The Ro III was built in Denmark, and
       sold to Japan and Turkey. The Ro III was fitted with masts and
       sails for emergencies!
       Type: Ro III
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1924  Crew:   Engines: 2 *
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Ro IX Rofix, Rohrbach
       All-metal parasol-wing fighter designed by Dr. Kurt Tank. It was
       built in Denmark to evade the Versailles treaty restrictions on
       German aircraft production. The Ro IX was destined for Turkey,
       but was abandoned after the loss of both prototypes.
       Type: Ro IX
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1926  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 600hp BMW VI 5,5
       Wing Span: 14.00m  Length: 9.50m  Height: 3.70m  Wing Area: 28.00m2
       Empty Weight: 1320kg  Max.Weight: 1950kg
       Speed: 260km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 770km
       Armament: 2*mg
Rumpler 4B 11
       Floatplane version of the {Rumpler B I}.
Rumpler 4B 12
       Improved {Rumpler 4B 11}. About 20 built.
       Type: 4B 12
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 112kW Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 14.50m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 135km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Rumpler 5A 2
       See {Rumpler C I}. 
Rumpler 6A 2
       Two-seat reconnaissance-fighter biplane. The 6A 2 had a well-
       streamlined fuselage and single-bay wings with Y-struts. But
       excessive vibration caused it to be abandoned. One built.
       Type: 6A 2
       Function: reconnaissance fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 10.20m  Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 1260kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg
Rumpler 6B 1 and 6B 2
       Seaplane fighter, a derivative of the {Rumpler C I}. Approx
       100 were built for the German Navy.
       Type: 6B 1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 12.15m  Length: 9.05m  Height: 3.50m  Wing Area: 35.70m2
       Empty Weight: 790kg  Max.Weight: 1140kg
       Speed: 153km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 4h
       Armament: 1*mg
Rumpler 7C 1
       The 7C 1 was a very clean two-seat fighter biplane. The fuselage
       was of unusual construction, with wooden frames and stringers,
       covered with a maze of fabric strips. It completely filled the
       gap between the wings. Development was abandoned.
       Type: 7C 1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Rumpler 7D 1 and 7D 2
       Single-seat fighter, very similar to the {Rumpler 7C 1}.
       Aerodynamic problems and unsatisfactory engine installation
       led to abandonment of the aircraft. 
       Type: 7D 1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 8.20m  Length: 5.90m  Height: 2.60m  Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling: 7000m  Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Rumpler 7D 3
       The 7D 3 was of more appearance than the {Rumpler 7D 1}, with
       a normal wing cabane and twin struts replaced the I-type struts
       of the 7D 1. It's fate was identical: early abandonment.
       Type: 7D 3
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * Mercedes D III
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Rumpler 7D 4
       Biplane fighter. The 7D 4 retained the strutural principles of
       the {Rumpler 7D 1} to {Rumpler 7D 3}, but was strengthened. It
       was considered to be better than its predecessores, and
       development was continued. Pre-series aircraft were known
       as {Rumpler 7D 7}.
       Type: 7D 4
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2 Engines: 1 * Mercedes D III
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Rumpler 7D 5
       Development of the {Rumpler 7D 4}. 
Rumpler 7D 7
       Improved {Rumpler 7D 4}, with a new wing. The 7D 7 was not
       accepted for combat duty due to structural weakness of the
       tail. However, development still continued. The constructional
       principles of the 7D 1 were now abandoned, and the type became
       the 8D 1, entering production as the {Rumpler D I}. 
       Type: 7D 7
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Rumpler 8D 1
       See Rumpler D I.
Rumpler B I
       reconnaissance biplane. 198 built.
       Type: B I
       Function: reconnaissance  
       Year: 1914  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 100hp Mercedes D I
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Rumpler C I
       Biplane reconnaissance aircraft. The efficient C I was introduced
       in 1915, and served until the end of WWI. It was a development of
       the {Rumpler B I}. Several hundreds were built.
       Type: C Ia
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1915  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 134kW Argus 
       Wing Span: 12.15m  Length: 7.85m  Height: 3.05m  Wing Area: 35.70m2
       Empty Weight: 793kg  Max.Weight: 1300kg
       Speed: 155km/h  Ceiling: 5000m  Range: 4h
       Armament: 1-2*mg7.92mm 100kg
Rumpler C III
       Biplane reconnaissance aircraft, a cleaned up development of
       the {Rumpler C I}. It was powered by a 164kW Benz Bz.IV engine,
       but was not ordered because the more powerful {Rumpler C IV}
       was awaited.
Rumpler C IV
       Development of the {Rumpler C III}. The C IV had very good
       high-altitude performance, but less than 100 were built. It
       was used as long-range reconnaissance aircraft, operating
       deep into allied territory.
       Type: C IV
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year:   Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 260hp Mercedes D.IVa
       Wing Span: 12.65m  Length: 8.40m  Height: 3.25m  Wing Area: 33.50m2
       Empty Weight: 1080kg  Max.Weight: 1530kg
       Speed: 170km/h  Ceiling: 6400m  Range: 3.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Rumpler C V
       Development of the {Rumpler C IV} with a 194kW Mercedes D IVa
       engine. Performance was not significantly improved. No production. 
Rumpler C VII
       Development of the {Rumpler C IV}, with even better
       high-altitude performance. Crews were equipped with
       heated suits and oxygen bottles.
       Type: C VII
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 180kW Maybach Mb IV
       Wing Span: 12.55m  Length: 8.20m  Height: 3.40m  Wing Area: 33.60m2
       Empty Weight: 1050kg  Max.Weight: 1485kg
       Speed: 175km/h  Ceiling: 7300m  Range: 3.5hrs
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Rumpler C X
       Reconnaissance biplane. 240hp Mercedes D IV engine. One built. 
Rumpler D I
       This was the final Rumpler fighter, a derivative of the
       {Rumpler 7D 7}. A new, more conventional fuselage structure was
       employed. 49 were built. The D I had very good climb and altitude
       capability, but was considered unsuitable for close-in combat. 
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes
       Wing Span: 8.42m  Length: 5.75m  Height: 2.56m  Wing Area: 16.66m2
       Empty Weight: 615kg  Max.Weight: 805kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1h 30m
       Armament:
Rumpler G I
       The Rumpler G I was in service on all fronts during WWI, but went
       totally unnoticed to allied observers! It was a biplane bomber
       with two pusher engines. 58 built.
       Type: G I
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1915  Crew: 3  Engines: 2 * 150hp Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 19.30m  Length: 11.80m  Height: 4.00m  Wing Area: 78.70m2
       Empty Weight: 1998kg  Max.Weight: 2940kg
       Speed: 145km/h  Ceiling: 4000m  Range: 4hrs
       Armament: 1*mg
Rumpler G II
       Development of the {Rumpler G I}, powered by 220hp Benz Bz IV
       engines. The G II was fairly successful.
Rumpler G III
       Development of the {Rumpler G I}, powered by 260hp Mercedes D IVa
       engines. The G III had structural weaknesses and was used only in
       very small numbers.
--S--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sablatnig C I
       Reconnaissance biplane.
Sablatnig C II
       Two-seat reconnaissance biplane. 240 Maybach Mb IV engine. No
       production.
Sablatnig N 1
       Night bomber development of the {Sablatnig C I}. Few were built
       and these had only a brief period of service.
       Type: N 1
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 150kW Benz
       Speed: 125km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Sablatnig SF 1
       Reconnaissance seaplane, a wooden biplane. 1915.
Sablatnig SF 2
       reconnaissance floatplane, a development of the {Sablatnig SF 1}.
       Performance was mediocre, and the SF 2 was used as a trainer.
       36 built.
       Type: SF 2
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 120kW Mercedes
       Speed: 130km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Sablatnig SF 3
       Two-seat biplane fighter on floats. One built.
       Type: SF 4
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 200hp Benz Bz IV
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mf7.9mm
Sablatnig SF 4
       Single-engined, single-seat floatplane fighter. Both triplane and
       biplane versions were built. The interplane struts of the biplane
       were of X-type, but faired in with fabric. Manoueverability was
       poor. The second prototype was then modified to have triplane wing
       with I-struts. Two built.
       Type: SF 4
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 150hp Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 12.00m  Length: 8.33m  Height: 3.73m  Wing Area: 28.26m2
       Empty Weight: 790kg  Max.Weight: 1070kg
       Speed: 158km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm
       Type: SF 4Dr
       Function: 
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 150hp Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 9.25m  Length: 8.33m  Height:   Wing Area: 28.38m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm
Sablatnig SF 5
       Reconnaissance seaplane. Development of the {Sablatnig SF 2}.
       101 built.
       Type: SF 5
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 112kW Benz Bz.III
       Wing Span: 17.30m  Length: 9.60m  Height: 3.55m  Wing Area: 50.50m2
       Empty Weight: 1052kg  Max.Weight: 1605kg
       Speed: 148km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
       160hp Benz engine.
Sablatnig SF 6
       Version of the {Sablatnig SF 5} with wheeled landing gear.
       One built.
Sablatnig SF 7
       Floatplane two-seat fighter. It was a two-bay biplane with
       I-struts, and no wire bracing. The {Brandenburg W 19} was
       selected for the Navy requirement, and only three SF 7's
       were built.
       Type: SF 7
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 240hp Maybach Mb IV
       Wing Span: 15.58m  Length: 9.20m  Height: 3.70m  Wing Area: 53.13m2
       Empty Weight: 1557kg  Max.Weight: 2116kg
       Speed: 164km/h  Ceiling: 4500m  Range:
       Armament: 2*mg
Sablatnig SF 8
       Trainer, powered by a 110kW Benz Bz.III engine. 
Sabre, Canadair CL-13 and North American/Fiat F-86K
       The {F-86} Sabre swept-wing jet fighter was an US design. But the
       Sabres of the Luftwaffe were {CL-13A}s and CL-13Bs, the Canadian-
       built version of the F-86E with Avro Orenda engines, or Fiat-built
       F-86Ks.
Schneider
       Biplane fighter, built in 1918 by Franz Schneider. It was powered
       by a 200hp Goebel Goe III engine. Alledgedly, it had variable
       incidence wings and engine. 
Schutte-Lanz C I
       Pusher biplane. 160hp Mercedes D III engine. No production. 1914.
Schutte-Lanz D I
       This was the first German biplane fighter, a design inspired by
       the Sopwith {Tabloid}. It was rejected, on the grounds that
       biplanes were unsuitable as fighters because of inferior vision! 
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 80hp Oberursel
       Wing Span:   Length: 5.40m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 135km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Schutte-Lanz D II
       {Schutte-Lanz D I} modified with a 100hp Mercedes engine.
       Never flown.
Schutte-Lanz D III
       This was a conventional biplane fighter with unspectacular
       performance. It was not accepted for production.
       Type: D III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 8.00m  Length: 6.50m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 860kg
       Speed: 195km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Schutte-Lanz D IV
       Biplane fighter. The D IV was built in parallel with the
       {Schutte-Lanz D III}, but a very different design. It had
       an even lower performance. Two built.
       Type: D IV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 220hp Benz Bz III
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 5.80m  Height:   Wing Area: 22.96m2
       Empty Weight: 695kg  Max.Weight: 885kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Schutte-Lanz D V
       Development of the {Schutte-Lanz D IV}. Cancelled, because the
       supercharged Mercedes D III engine was not available. 
Schutte-Lanz D VI
       The D VI was a sesquiplane, or a parasol monoplane with aerofoil
       struts -- the wing struts were partly covered in a broad aerofoil
       section. One built. 
       Type: D VI
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1 Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 10.80m  Length: 6.51m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Schutte-Land D VII
       Progressive development of the {Schutte-Lanz D III}. Development
       and flight testing continued until the end of WWI, but without
       much succes. Three built.
       Type: D VII
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 180hp Mercedes D IIIavu
       Wing Span: 9.00m  Length: 6.00m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 740kg  Max.Weight: 920kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 1h 30m
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Schutte-Lanz Dr I
       This was a triplane development of the {Schutte-Lanz D III}.
       One built.
       Type: Dr I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span: 8.00m  Length: 6.26m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 900kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Schutte-Lanz G I
       Twin-engined biplane bomber. 160hp Mercedes D III engines. 1914.
       No production.
Schwade Kampfeinsitzer Nr 1
       Pusher biplane, one of the first German single-seat fighters.
       It was abandoned in favout of the more developed
       {Schwade Kampfeinsitzer Nr 2}. One built.
       Type: Nr 1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1914  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 80hp Schwade Stahlherz
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm
Schwade Kampfeinsitzer Nr 2
       Single-seat pusher biplane fighter with twin tail booms, first
       flown in 1915. The tail booms were plywood-covered and of oval
       section, but this attempt at aerodynamic cleanliness was negated
       by the number of struts between the wings and fuselage. The engine
       was a 80hp Stalherz rotary. One built.
SD I, Arado
       The SD I was a small sesquiplane fighter of advanced design. It was
       built clandestinely. The SD I had structural as well as handling
       problems, and was abandoned. One built.
       Type: SD I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1927  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 425hp Gnome-Rhone Jupiter
       Wing Span: 8.40m  Length: 6.75m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 850kg  Max.Weight: 1230kg
       Speed: 275km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
SD II, Arado
       This was a development of the {SD I}. It was a biplane, larger
       and heavier than its predecessor. Handling was difficult.
       Prototype only.
       Type: SD II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1929  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 530hp Siemens-Halske Jupiter VI
       Wing Span: 9.90m  Length: 7.40m  Height:   Wing Area: 23.00m2
       Empty Weight: 1445kg  Max.Weight: 1770kg
       Speed: 235km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
SD III, Arado
       Very similar to the {SD II}, but the Jupiter engine was not
       geared. The SD III served as basis for the {Ar 64}.
       Type: SD III
       Function: fighter
       Year:   Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 510hp Siemens-Halske Jupiter VI
       Wing Span: 9.90m  Length: 7.75m  Height:   Wing Area: 23.00m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 225km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Sea Fury, Hawker
       British piston-engined carrier-based fighter, the last of its kind.
       Germany had 16 {Sea Fury} TT.20 target tugs.
Sea Hawk, Armstrong Whitworth
       Straight-wing carrier fighter of British origin. The Bundesmarine
       ordered 68. Not that it had any carriers, the {Sea Hawk} was to fly
       from ships of its NATO allies.
Sea King, Westland
       The {Sea King} is a British license-built version of the U.S.
       Sikorsky S{H-3} Sea King. Germany bought 22.
Si 104, Siebel
       See {Fh 104}.
Si 201, Siebel
       STOL aircraft. Development was delayed by problems, and finally
       abandoned in favour of the {Fi 156}. The Si 201 had a extensivily
       glazed nose cabin in the extreme nose, and a pusher propellor on
       the wing trailing edge; a thin boom under the propellor carried
       the tail surfaces.
       Type: Si 201
       Function: liaison
       Year: 1938  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 1770kW Argus As 10C
       Speed: 185km/h  Ceiling: 5500m  Range:
       Armament:
Si 204, Siebel
       Development of the {Fh 104}. The Si 204 was a twin-engined
       liaison aircraft, with twin tailfins, a drop-shaped fuselage
       and a fully glazed nose. It was pleasant to fly, functional
       and with a good performance. Over 1500 built, most by SNCAC
       in occupied France.
       Type: Si 204A
       Function: liaison / trainer
       Year: 1942  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 265kW Argus 410
       Speed: 322km/h  Ceiling: 6400m  Range:
       Armament:
SIAT 222
       Prototype of {SIAT 223}.
SIAT 223
       See {MBB 223}.
Siemens-Schuckert D I
       This was a close copy of the French {Nieuport 11} sesquiplane
       fighter. Production was delayed until the type was obsolete,
       and most were used for training. 95 built. 
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines:  1 * 80kW Siemens-Halske
       Wing Span: 7.50m  Length: 6.00m  Height: 2.59m  Wing Area: 14.40m2
       Empty Weight: 444kg  Max.Weight: 654kg
       Speed: 155km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 2h 20m
       Armament:
Siemens-Schuckert D II
       Biplane fighter, a rotund aircraft with a semi-monocoque
       fuselage. Six were built, with different wings. The
       'D IIc kurz' with short-span wings was the prototype
       of the {Siemens-Schuckert D III}.
Siemens-Schuckert D III
       Development of the {Siemens-Schuckert D II}. The D III had
       excellent rate of climb and handling, but the Sh III engine
       was troublesome. It was replaced by the Sh IIIa, and the lower
       part of engine cowling was removed to improve cooling. Eighty
       built.
       Type: D III
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Siemens-Halske Sh III
       Wing Span: 8.43m  Length: 5.70m  Height: 2.80m  Wing Area: 18.84m2
       Empty Weight: 523kg  Max.Weight: 725kg
       Speed: 177km/h  Ceiling: 26240ft  Range: 360km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Siemens-Schuckert D IV
       Development of the {Siemens-Schuckert D III} with a modified
       wing construction. The D IV was considered a better fighter
       than the {Fokker D VII}, but only 140 were built --- some
       after WWI --- and few reached frontline units. Production
       continued until January 1919.
       Type: D IV
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Siemens-Halske Sh IIIa
       Wing Span: 8.35m  Length: 5.70m  Height:   Wing Area: 15.12m2
       Empty Weight: 540kg  Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 184km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 385km
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Siemens-Schuckert D V
       Development of the {Siemens-Schuckert D III}, less promising
       than the {Siemens-Schuckert D IV}. Three built.
       Type: D V
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Siemens-Halske Sh IIIa
       Wing Span: 8.86m  Length: 5.70m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 514kg  Max.Weight: 734kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Siemens-Schuckert D VI
       Parasol monoplane fighter. Two prototypes were built in 1919, after
       the end of WWI, but before the Versailles treaty halted German
       aircraft production. The D VI was a very clean design, apart from
       the bulge of the jettisonable fuel tank under the fuselage.
       Type: D VI
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1919  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * Siemens Halske Sh IIIa
       Wing Span: 9.37m  Length: 6.50m  Height: 2.72m  Wing Area: 12.46m2
       Empty Weight: 540kg  Max.Weight: 710kg
       Speed: 220km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 350km
       Armament:
Siemens-Schuckert DD 5
       This was the first biplane fighter of this manufacturer. Its
       handling was poor. One built.
       Type: DD 5
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Siemens-Halske Sh I
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm
Siemens-Schuckert Dr I
       Triplane fighter based on the {Siemens-Schuckert D I}. After
       a crash, it was considerably modified. One built.
       Type: Dr I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 110hp Siemens-Halske Sh I
       Wing Span: 8.60m  Length: 5.30m  Height:   Wing Area: 18.10m2
       Empty Weight: 510kg  Max.Weight: 695kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Siemens-Schuckert Dr II
       Development of the {Siemens-Schuckert Dr I} with a 160hp
       Siemens-Halske Sh III engine. Not built.
Siemens-Schuckert DDr I
       Push-pull triplane fighter, 1917. The DDr I had two 120hp
       Siemens-Halske Sh Ia rotary engines in a short nacelle. The
       pusher engine had a four-bladed, the tractor engine a two-bladed
       propeller. There were problems with the stability and the engine
       controls. One built.
       Type: DDr I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 2 * 120hp Siemens-Halske Sh Ia
       Wing Span: 10.90m  Length: 5.80m  Height:   Wing Area: 30.00m2
       Empty Weight: 680kg  Max.Weight: 910kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Siemens-Schuckert DDr II
       Proposed version of the {Siemens-Schuckert DDr I} with
       Sh III engines. Not built.
Siemens-Schuckert E I
       Monoplane fighter, 1915. Twenty were  ordered, but the E I was
       obsolescent when it reached frontline units.
       Type: E I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Siemens-Halske Sh I
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 7.10m  Height: 2.80m  Wing Area: 16.00m2
       Empty Weight: 473kg  Max.Weight: 673kg
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 210km
       Armament: 1*mg7.9mm
Siemens-Schuckert E II
       Development of the {Siemens-Schuckert E I}, reengined with
       a 120hp Argus As II. This was an in-line engine, while the
       original one was a rotary. One built.
Siemens-Schuckert E III
       Development of the {Siemens-Schuckert E I}, reengined with
       a 100hp Oberursel U I. Six built.
Siemens-Schuckert E IV
       Proposed development of the {Siemens-Schuckert E III}. Not built.
Siemens-Schuckert E IV
       Renamed {Siemens-Schuckert D VI}.
Siemens-Schuckert R I
       Unusual biplane bomber. The three engines were fitted inside the
       fuselage, driving two propellers placed between the biplane wings.
       The aircraft featured a tail of two triangular booms above each
       other, with the tailplane fitted to the upper boom, to give the
       gunner a better arc of fire. Seven built. 
       Type: R I
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1915  Crew:   Engines: 3 * 110kW Benz
       Speed: 130km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
Siemens-Schuckert R VI
       Development of the {Siemens-Schuckert R I}.
SK 274, Heinkel
       Projected 'special bomber' version of the {He 274}. What was
       special about it was that it was intended for a one-way mission
       to New York. 
Skeeter, Saro
       British utility helicopter. Germany bought ten.
SSD I, Arado
       Float biplane fighter, suitable for catapult launch from warships.
       It was a biplane, with the upper wing faired in into the fuselage.
       Later it was tested at Lipetsk with a fixed, wheeled undercarriage.
       The Heinkel {HD 38} was preferred.
       Type: SSD I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1930  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 640hp BMW VI 6,3
       Wing Span: 10.00m  Length: 8.50m  Height:   Wing Area: 31.00m2
       Empty Weight: 1627kg  Max.Weight: 2030kg
       Speed: 280km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.9mm
Strato 1, Grob G 520
       See {G 520}.
Strato 2, Grob G 850
       See {G 850}.
Sycamore, Bristol
       Germany bought 50 of this British utility helicopter for use
       as SAR helicopters.
--T--------------------------------------------------------------------------
T 28 Floh, D.F.W.
       The T 28 was one of the most unusual fighter aircraft of WWI. It
       had an extremely deep fuselage, which tapered sharply towards the
       tail. Despite a good performance, the German authorities showed
       no interest. One built.
       Type: T 28
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1915  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 100hp Mercedes D I
       Wing Span: 6.20m  Length: 4.50m  Height: 2.30m  Wing Area: 15.00m2
       Empty Weight: 420kg  Max.Weight: 650kg
       Speed: 180km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 1*mg
T-33, Lockheed
       The Luftwaffe received 192 of th US-built {T-33} jet trainer.
T 34, D.F.W.
       The T 34 was developed parallel into biplane (T 34-I) and triplane
       (T 34-II) versions. But were dismissed by the German air force
       because of poor cockpit vision and unsuitable design. Two built.
       Type: T 34-I
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
       Type: T 34-II
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1917  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Mercedes D III
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
T-37, Cessna
       German-owned {T-37} jet trainers fly in the US in USAF markings.
T-38 Talon, Northrop
       46 of the US-built {T-38} supersonic trainer were bought for
       advanced training. Training is undertaken in the USA and
       the T-38's carry USAF markings. German-owned {F-104}s in
       the USA also carry USAF markings.
Ta 152, Focke-Wulf
       The Ta 152 was a development of the {Fw 190}D. There was a
       short-span Ta 152B version and a long-span Ta 152H version.
       The Ta 152H was an excellent high-altitude fighter, but appeared
       too late, and few became operational. The Ta 152s were often
       used to protect jet fighter bases. 215 built.
       Type: Ta 152H-1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1944  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 1875kW Junkers Jumo 213E-1
       Wing Span: 14.50m  Length: 10.80m  Height: 4.00m  Wing Area: 23.50m2
       Empty Weight: 3920kg  Max.Weight: 4750kg
       Speed: 759km/h  Ceiling: 14800m  Range: 2000km
       Armament: 1*g30mm 2-4*g20mm
Ta 153, Focke-Wulf
       One built. Development of the {Ta 152} with a long-span,
       high-aspect ratio wing and a Daimler-Benz DB 603 engine.
Ta 154, Focke-Wulf
       The Ta 154 was a wooden twin-engined fighter. This design was
       inspired by the succes of the British {Mosquito}, and showed
       promise, with good performance and fine handling. But the wooden
       construction raised problems, and when the factory that produced
       the glue for its contruction was bombed, it was decided to abandon
       the Ta 154. Over 50 seem to have been built, and a few were handed
       over to operational units.
       Type: Ta 154A-1
       Function: nightfighter
       Year: 1943  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 1280kW Junkers Jumo 213E
       Wing Span:   Length:   Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 650km/h  Ceiling: 10900m  Range: 1860km
       Armament: 2*g20mm 2*g30mm
Ta 183, Focke-Wulf
       The Ta 183 was a swept-wing jet fighter. It was never built.
       However, in the postwar years a number of Ta 183 lookalikes
       was built, including the {MiG-15}, the Saab {J29} Tunnan,
       and Kurt Tank's {Pulqui II}, built in Argentina.
Ta 254, Focke-Wulf
       Proposed long-span development of the {Ta 154}.
Ta 283, Focke-Wulf
       See {Fw 283}.
Ta 400, Focke-Wulf
       Proposed six-engined bomber, possibly a development of
       the {Fw 300} design. Never built.
Taube, Etrich
       See {Etrich A}.
Tiger, Eurocopter       
       The French-German Tiger was designed as anti-tank and attack
       helicopter to replace both the French {Gazelle} and the German
       {Bo 105}. The Tiger has the traditional tandem-seat arrangment
       of such types, with mast-mounted or roof-mounted sighting
       systems. Service entry is now expected in 2002, after
       considerable delay.
       Type: Tiger 
       Function: attack
       Year: (2002)  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 958kW MTU/R.R./Turbomeca MTR 390
       Rotor Span: 13.00m  Length:   Height: 3.81m  Disc Area: 132.7m2
       Empty Weight: 3300kg  Max.Weight: 5800kg
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 2hrs 50min
       Armament: 
Tornado, Panavia
       German/British/French/Italian strike aircraft. The compact,
       swing-wing {Tornado} has also been built in EW and fighter
       versions, but the latter only serves with the RAF.
       Type: Tornado IDS
       Function: attack
       Year: 1982  Crew: 2  Engines: 2 * 7260kg Turbo-Union RB-199-34R mk101
       Wing Span: 13.90m/8.60m  Length: 16.70m  Height: 5.70m
       Wing Area: 30m2
       Speed: 2053km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 4830km
       Armament: 2*g27mm 8160kg
Triebflugel, Focke-Wulf
       This was a design for a tail-sitting fighter. The design had a
       bullet-shaped fuselage with a three-bladed rotor turning around
       it at mid-height position; ramjets were to be fitted to the
       rotortips. Never built.
Tu-134, Tupolev
       Most transport aircraft of the DDR have been kept in service with
       the air forces of the reunited Germany. That includes five {Tu-134}A
       jet transports.
Tu-154, Tupolev
       Two {Tu-154}M transports also continue in service with the forces
       of the reunited Germany.
--U--------------------------------------------------------------------------
U-1, Caspar-Heinkel
       The U-1 was built in Germany during 1922, despite the clause in the
       treaty of Versailles forbidden the development of military aircraft.
       It had been ordered by the USA. It was a small, wooden, twin-float
       biplane for submarines. Two were built for the USA and at least
       two (possibly four) for Japan. 
       Type: U-1
       Function: reconaisssance 
       Year: 1922  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 60hp Siemens 
       Wing Span: 7.22m  Length: 6.20m  Height:   Wing Area: 
       Empty Weight: 360kg  Max.Weight: 510kg
       Speed: 140km/h  Ceiling: 3000m  Range: 2hrs
UFAG C I
       Type: C I
       Function: reconnaissance
       Year: 1918  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 170kW Hiero
       Speed: 190km/h  Ceiling: 4900m  Range: 3h
       Armament: 2-3*mg
UH-1 Iroquois, Bell
       The U{H-1} is an US-built utility helicopter. 344 delivered
       to the Heeresflieger and Luftwaffe, including many license-built
       by Dornier.
--V--------------------------------------------------------------------------
VAK 191B, VFW-Fokker
       Experimental VTOL fighter, a light aircraft with a very small wing.
       Three built.
       Type: VAK 191B
       Function: experimental fighter
       Year: 1971  Crew:   Engines: 1 * 4500kg R.R.-MTU RB-193-12
                                    2 * 2530kg R.R.-MTU RB-182-81
       Speed: M.09  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
VFW 614
       Small jet transport. The VFW 614 had twin jet engines in pods above
       the wing, so that the landing gear could kept reasonably short. It
       was originally intended for operations in developing countries, but
       was developed into a commuterliner. It was not very succesful: only
       19 were built. To avoid after-sales support costs, VFW retrieved
       most of the delivered aircraft and scrapped them. Three are still
       used by the Luftwaffe.
       Type: VFW 614
       Function: transport
       Year: 1974  Crew:   Engines: 2 * 33.24kN R.R.-SNECMA M45H Mk 501
       Wing Span: 21.50m  Length: 20.60m  Height: 7.84m  Wing Area: 64.00m2
       Empty Weight: 11850kg  Max.Weight: 19950kg
       Speed: 700km/h  Ceiling: 7600m  Range: 1200km
       Load: 4420kg, 40 seats
VJ 101, EWR-Sud
       The VJ 101C was an experimental VTOL aircraft with two swivelling
       pairs of jet engines at the wings tips, and a pair of lift engines
       in the forward fuselage. The proposed VJ 101D mach 2 interceptor
       was never built. Two built.
       Type: VJ 101C X-2
       Function: VTOL experimental
       Year: 1965  Crew: 1  Engines: 6 * 1240kg R.R. RB.145
       Speed: 1700km/h  Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
--W--------------------------------------------------------------------------
W 33, Junkers
       See {W 34}.
W 34, Junkers
       The W 33 (with in-line engine) and W 34 (with BMW radial
       engine) were a logical development of the Junkers {F 13},
       and the precursor of the {Ju 52}. They were sturdy monoplanes
       with corrugated skinning and fixed landing gear. Used as
       transport and liaison aircraft during WWII. 1991 built. 
       Type: W.34h
       Year: 1926  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 492kW BWM 132
       Wing Span: 17.75m  Length: 10.27m  Height: 3.53m  Wing Area: 43m2
       Empty Weight: 1700kg  Max.Weight: 3200kg
       Speed: 265km/h  Ceiling: 6300m  Range: 900km
       Load: 6 seats
WNF 342, Doblhoff
       First helicopter with a tipjet drive. The engine delivered compressed
       air to the rotortip jets.
       Type: WNF 342
       Function: helicopter
       Year: 1943  Crew: 2  Engines: 1 * 140hp Siemens-Halske Sh 14A
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range:
       Armament:
--X--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Y--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Z--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Zeppelin CL II
       All-metal biplane. 1917.
Zeppelin-Lindau V 1
       Single-seat all-metal fighter. Its by 1916 standards very advanced
       structure was combined with an obsolete pusher-biplane layout. It
       was overweight. The first test pilot refused to fly it because
       the V1 was tail-heavy. A pilot was found who was willing to fly it,
       but the aircraft crashed immediately and killed him. One built.
       Type: V 1
       Function: fighter
       Year: 1916  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 160hp Maybach Mb III
       Wing Span: 10.55m  Length: 7.10m  Height: 2.65m  Wing Area: 24.60m2
       Empty Weight:   Max.Weight: 
       Speed:   Ceiling:   Range: 
       Armament: 
Zeppelin-Lindau D I
       The D I was an all-metal, biplane fighter with cantilever wings.
       Six were completed. After WWI two were evaluated in the USA.
       Type: D I
       Function: fighter 
       Year: 1918  Crew: 1  Engines: 1 * 185hp BMW IIIa
       Wing Span: 7.80m  Length: 6.40m  Height: 2.60m  Wing Area: 18.66m2
       Empty Weight: 725kg  Max.Weight: 
       Speed: 200km/h  Ceiling:   Range: 270km
       Armament: 2*mg7.92mm
Zeppelin-Lindau Rs I
       Large biplane flying boat. 
Zeppelin-Staaken R IV
       Four-engined bomber biplane. 1917.
Zeppelin-Staaken R VI
       Count Zeppelin was not only interested in airships but also in
       large aircraft. The R VI was the only of the big Zeppelin bombers
       to be built in series. The nacelles between the wings housed not
       only engine in tandem, but also a mechanic. 18 built.
       Type: R VI
       Function: bomber
       Year: 1915  Crew: 7  Engines: 4 * 190kW Mercedes IVa
       Speed: 130km/h  Ceiling: 3800m  Range: 800km
       Armament: 3-4*mg7.92mm 2000kg
Zeppelin-Staaken R XV
       Four-engined biplane bomber. 1918, three built.
=============================================================================

