*****************************************************************************
Version of 2 October 1998
*****************************************************************************
==0==========================================================================
0/0
       Zero-zero : Ejection seat designed to be used at zero altitude and
       zero speed.
1MC
       [USA] Ship's primary broadcast system.
243.0MHz
       International Distress Frequency       

==A==========================================================================
A1-Gerat
       [Germany] Radar, see Freya.
A2-Gerat
       [Germany] Anti-aircraft gunnery radar. WWII. 
A^2C^2
       [USA] See AACC.
--AA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
AA
       Air-to-Air
AA
       [France] Armee de l'Air --- Air Force.
AAA
       Anti-Aircraft Artillery
AAAD
       [UK] All Arms Air Defence
AAAM
       [USA] Advanced AIr-to-Air Missile. A replacement for AIM-54 Phoenix.
       Cancelled.
AAAW
       [UK] Air-Launched Anti-Armour Weapon. The Brimstone missile was
       chosen for this requirerement.
AAC
       [UK] Army Air Corps
AAC
       [USA] Alaskan Air Command
AACB
       [USA] Aeronautics and Astronautics Co-ordinating Board, formed in
       1965 by NASA and the DoD. 
AACC
       [USA] Army Airborne Command and Control
AADGE
       [NATO] Allied Command Europe Air Defence Ground Environment
AAED
       Advanced Airborne Expendable Decoy
A&AEE
       [UK] Aerospace & Armament Experimental Establishment, at Boscombe Down,
       UK. Former : Aeroplane & Armament Experimental Establishment.
AAF
       Auxiliary Air Force
AAF
       [USA] Army Airfield
AAFA
       [USA] Army Aviation Flight Activity
AAFCE
       [NATO] Allied Air Forces Central Europe
AAFSS
       [USA] Advanced Aerial Fire Support System. A 1965 competition for
       a gunship helicopter, won by the AH-56 Cheyenne. 
AAFTC
       [USA] Air Force Flight Test Center (Edwards AFB)
AAH
       [USA] Advanced Attack Helicopter, the AH-64.
AAI
       Angle of Approach Indicator
AAIB
       [UK] Air Accidents Investigation Branch
AALAAW
       Advanced Air-Launched Anit-Armour Weapon
AAM
       Air-to-Air Missile. Also used by the USN to label its missiles, before
       the introduction of the tri-service designation system:
       AAM-N-2	Sparrow I
       AAM-N-6	Sparrow III
       AAM-N-7	Sidewinder
AAM-AE 
       [USSR] Air-to-Air Missile, Active, Export. Export version of the
       Vympel R-77 (AA-12 'Adder', also known as "AMRAAMski") missile. 
AANCP
       [USA] Advanced Airborne National Command Post
AAO
       Airborne Area of Operation
AAOFA
       [USA] Army Aviation Operating Facility
AAR
       Air-to-Air Refuelling
AARB
       Advanced Aerial Refuelling Boom
AARI
       [UK] Air-to-Air Refuelling Instructor.
AAS
       [USA] Aeromedical Airlift Squadron
AASF
       [UK] Advanced Air Striking Force. RAF Units in France, 1939-1940.
AASF
       [USA] Army Aviation Support Facility
AASM
       [France] Armament Air-Sol Modulaire --- Modular air-ground
       weapon. A laser guided bomb. 
AATH
       Automatic Approach To Hover
AAW
       Anti-Aircraft Warfare
AAWS
       [USA] Airborne Adverse Weather weapons System. The 'Longbow' mast-
       mounted radar for the AH-64D. 
--AB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AB
       [USA] Air Base
ABC
       [UK] AirBorne Cigar, codename for equipment used during WWII to
       jam German communications, especially those between ground
       stations and nightfighters.
ABC
       [USA] Advancing Blade Concept. Helicopter design incorporating two
       inflexible, three bladed, contra-rotating rotors. Tested in the
       H-59. Only the forward-moving blades produced lift. 
ABCCC
       [USA] Airborne Battlefield Command and Control Center.
ABDA
       [Allied] American-British-Dutch-Australian command. Set up to
       organize the defense of South-East Asia against the Japanese. 
Abdul       
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima Ki.27 fighter. Unofficial.
ABG
       [USA] Air Base Group
ABL
       [USA] AirBorne Laser. Plans to put a powerful laser into a 747 as
       experimental defense against ballistic missiles.
ABM
       Anti-Ballistic Missile
ABMA
       [USA] Army Ballistic Missile Agency
ABNCP
       [USA] AirBorne Command Post
ABS
       [USA] Air Base Squadron
ABU
       [USA] Avionics Block Upgrade.
ABW
       [USA] Air Base Wing
--AC-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AC
       [USA] Aircraft Commander
AC
       Aerodynamic Centre
AC
       Alternating Current
AC2
       [UK] Airman 2nd Class
ACA
       Airspace Coordination Area
ACA
       Agile Combat Aircraft
ACAB
       Air Cavalry Attack Brigade
ACAP
       Advanced Composite Aircraft Programme, a helicopter design study.
ACAS
       Airborne Collision-Avoidance System
ACAS
       [UK] Assistant Chief of Air Staff
ACB
       [USA] Amphibious Construction Battalion
ACBT
       Air Combat training
ACC
       [Allied] Armored Column Cover, continuous presence of tactical
       aircraft to support advancing armored forces.
ACC
       [USA] Air Combat Command; created at 1 June 1992 by merging TAC and
       SAC.
ACC
       Air Component Commander
ACCP
       Anti-Char Courte Portee	-- short-range anti-tank missile.
ACCS
       [USA] Airborne Command & Control Squadron
ACCS
       [NATO] Air Command and Control System
ACE
       [NATO] Allied Command Europe
ACE
       Airborne Command Element
ACETEF
       [USA] Air Combat Environment Test and Evaluation Facility. Testing 
       laboratory for combat aircraft. The aircraft is suspended in an
       anechoic chamber, and fed with simulated or 'live' data.
ACF
       Air Combat Fighter
ACF
       [South Africa] Active Citizen Force
ACH
       [UK] Advanced Compound Helicopter
Achse
       [Germany] Order to disarm all Italian units. Given on
       9 September 1943. 
ACI
       [UK] Air Controlled Interception --- An interception which is 
       controlled by an airborne radar in an AWACS aircraft. The British
       experimented with this as early as during WWII, mainly against
       V-1 carrying He 111s over the North Sea.
Acid Gambit
       [USA] Plan to free CIA-agent Kurt Meuse from a Panamese prison,
       in case of an invasion. Done as a part of "Just Cause". 1989. 
ACINT
       Acoustic Intelligence
ACLANT
       [NATO] Allied Command, Atlantic
ACLIS
       [USA] Airborne Communications Location Identification and
       Collection System
ACLS
       Automatic Carrier Landing System
ACLS
       Air Cushion Landing System. Tested on a De Havilland Canada
       XC-8A Buffalo.
ACM
       Advanced Cruise Missile, the AGM-129.
ACM
       [UK] Air Chief Marshal
ACM
       Air Combat Manoeuvring
ACME
       Advanced Core Military Engine (Rolls-Royce). The name might be
       ironic?
ACMG
       [Canada] Air Combat and Mobility Group. Would be created in 1996,
       and combine fighter, air transport and tactical helicopter forces.
       Cancelled.
ACMI
       [USA] Air Combat Manoeuvering Instrumentation. Records what actually
       happens during combat exercises, for evaluation afterwards.
ACMR
       [USA] Air Combat Manoeuvring Range
ACMS
       Aircraft Condition Monitoring System
ACN
       Aircraft Classification Number
ACO
       Airspace Control Order
ACO
       [USA] Airborne Communications Officer
ACOM
       [USA] Airborne Communicator
Aconit
       [France] Operations of French aircraft to protect the Kurds in
       Northern Iraq. See also 'Provide Comfort' and 'Warden'.
ACP
       Airborne Command Post
ACR
       [USA] Armoured Cavalry Regiment
ACR
       Air Control Radar
ACR
       [USA] Anti-Circular Running device, fitted to torpedoes. It destroys
       the torpedo when the course deviation exceeds 180 degrees. 
Acrid
       [NATO] Soviet AA-6 air-to-air missile (Bisnovat R-40)
ACS
       [USA] Air Commando Squadron
ACS
       [USA] USN: Auxiliary Crane Ship
ACS
       Airborne Control System
ACS
       [USA] Airborne Common Sensor aircraft, a plan for an
       aircraft combining the role of the RC-12 and RC-7B. 
ACSEA
       [UK] Air Command South-East Asia
ACSM
       Advanced Conventional Stand-off Missile
ACT
       [USA] Armoured Cavalry Troop
ACT
       [USA] Air Combat Tactics
ACT
       Active Control Technology
ACTD
       Advanced Concept & Technology Demonstration
ACTIVE
       [USA] Advanced Control Technology for Integrated Vehicles;
       application of fully thrust-vectoring nozzles to the F-15 SMTD.
ACU
       Avionics Control Unit
ACV
       [USA] Auxiliary AIcraft Carriers, later renamed CVE. See CVE for
       numbers.
ACW
       [USA] Air Control Wing
ACWW
       [Japan] Air Control and Warning Wing
--AD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
A/D
       Analog-to-Digital converter
AD
       Air Defence
AD
       [USA] USAF: Air Division
AD
       [USA] USN: Destroyer Tender
AD
       Airworthiness Directive
ADA
       Air Defense Artillery
ADA
       [India] Aeronautical Development Agency
ADAC
       [USA] Acoustic Data Analysis Center
Adam
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese "Nakajima SKT-97" fighter. Did
       not exist.
ADATS
       [USA/Switzerland] Air-Defence Anti-Tank System
ADAS
       Airborne Data Acquisition System
ADAV
       [France] Avion a Decollage et Atterisage Vertical -- VTOL. 
ADC
       [USA] Aerospace Defence Command
ADC
       Air Data Computer
ADCOM
       Administrative Command
ADCS
       [USA] Air Deployment & Control Squadron
ADD
       [USSR] Long-Range Air Arm. Replaced the DBA-GK in 1942.
ADD
       Airstream Direction Detector, to measure the AoA.
Adder
       [NATO] Russian AAM, AA-12. Russian name for this missile
       is Vympel R-77, also RVV-AE. Unofficially it is known as
       AMRAAMski.
ADE
       [India] Aeronautical Development Establishment
ADF
       Automatic Direction Finder
ADF
       [Australia] Australian Defence Forces
ADG
       [Canada] AIr Defence Group
ADGB
       [UK] Air Defence of Great Britain.
ADGE
       Air Defence Ground Environment
ADGES
       Air Defence Ground Environment System
ADI
       [USA] Air Defense Initiative
ADI
       Attitude / Direction Indicator. The "artifical horizon" in a more
       advanced form. 
ADIRS
       Aid Data and Inertial Reference System
ADIZ
       Air Defense Identification Zone
AdlA
       [France] Armee de l'Air --- Air force. 
Adler Tag
       [Germany] Eagle's Day, 13 August 1940. Formal start of the German
       bomber offensive against Britain.
ADM
       [USA] Air-launched decoy missile. 
       ADM-20  Quail
ADM
       Advanced Development Model, or Advanced Demonstration Model
ADMG
       [Japan] Air Defence Missile Group
ADO
       [USA] Advanced Development Objective
Adocs
       [USA] Advanced Digital Optical Control System
ADP
       Advanced Ducted Propeller (P&W)
ADP
       Automated Data Processing
ADR
       Accident Data Recorder
ADR
       [UK] Air Defence Region
ADRC
       [UK] Air Defence Research Committee. Set up in 1935.
ADS
       Advanced Deployable System
ADS
       [USA] Air Defense Sector
ADS
       Air Data System
AdSAMS
       Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System
ADSM
       [USA] Air-Defence Suppression Missile, an air-launched,
       anti-radiation development of Stinger.
ADSU
       Air Data Sensor Unit
ADSW
       Anti Diesel Submarine Warfare
ADT^3
       Air Defence Tactical Training Theatre
ADTAC
       [USA] Air Defense Tactical Air Command. When ADC ceased to exist,
       its role and aircraft became part of TAC. Later ADTAC was renamed
       "1st Air Force".
ADU
       Air Data Unit
ADU
       Actuator Drive Unit
ADV
       [UK] Air Defence Variant, the interceptor version of the Panavia
       Tornado.
ADVCAP
       Advanced Capability
ADW
       Area Denial Weapon
--AE-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AE
       [USA] USN: Ammunition ship.
AEAF
       [Allied] Allied Expeditionary Air Force, the air support force for
       'Overlord'.
AEB
       [USA] Area Exploration Battalion
AEC
       Automatic Engine Control
AEELS
       [USA] Automatic Elint Emitter Locator Systems. Directional ELINT
       antennas installed in 'Rivet Joint' and 'Combat Sent' aircraft.
AEF
       [UK] Air Experience Flight
AEFS
       [USA] USN: Fleet replenishment ship
AEGIS
       [USA] AEW / Ground Environment Integration System. Advanced
       anti-missile and anti-aircraft system fitted to a number
       of USN ships.
AEO
       [UK] Air Electronics Officer
AEQUARE
       [USA] An RPV equipped with a laser target designator, to be launched
       by an F-4. A number of 30 were delivered for tests. 
Aerial
       [UK] Evacuation of troops from the Bay of Biscay, June 1940.
Aeronautica Militare Italiana
       [Italy] Italian Air Force
Aeronavale
       [France] Naval air force
AETC
       [UK] Air Education & Training Command
AEU
       Airborne Electronics Unit
AEW
       Airborne Early Warning
AEW&C
       Airborne Early Warning & Control
AETC
       [USA] Air Education & Training Command
--AF-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AF
       Air Force
AF
       [USA] USN: Stores Ship
AF
       Audio Frequency
AFA
       [Portugal] Academia da Forca Aerea. 
AFA
       [Russia] Aviatsionny Fotoapparat --- aerial camera.
AFAC
       Airborne FAC
AFB
       [USA] Air Force Base
AFBMD
       [USA] Air Force Ballistic Missile Division.
AFCAS
       Automatic Flight Control Augmentation System
AFCC
       [USA] Air Force Communications Command
AFCENT
       [NATO] Allied Force, Central Europe
AFCS
       Automatic Flight Control System
AFD
       [UK] Air Fleet Department, of the DERA, at Boscombe Down.
AFDS
       Automatic Flight Director System, or
       Autopilot and Flight Director System
AFDS
       [UK] Advanced Fighter Development Squadron. At West Raynham. 
AFE
       [UK] Airborne Forces Establishment. Later renamed AFEE. 
AFEE
       [UK] Airborne Forces Experimental Establishment, at Beaulieu, 
       Hampshire, UK. Closed in 1950.
AFFTC
       [USA] Air Force Flight Test Center, at Edwards AFB. 
AFGS
       Automatic Flight Guidance System
Afirm
       [USA] Nightfighter development program of the US Navy, started in
       1942. Originally named Argus.
AFLC
       [USA] Air Force Logistics Command
AFM
       [Malta] Armed Forces of Malta
AFMC
       [USA] Air Force Materiel Command
AFMS
       Automatic Flight Management System
AFP
       [Germany] Armeeflugpark. Unit, usually of twelve aircraft, assigned
       to a WWI army. The German armies controlled also a number of other
       aircraft, such as a staff flight of six aircraft.
AFPLA
       [China] Air Force of the People's Liberation Army
AFRES
       [USA] Air Force Reserve
AFS
       [USA] USN: Fleet Stores Ship
AFS
       Automatic Flight System
AFSATCOM
       [USA] Air Force SATellite COMmunications.
AFSC
       [USA] Air Force Systems (or Service) Command
AFSOC
       [USA] Air Force Special Operations Command
AFSOUTH
       [NATO] Allied Forces, Southern Europe
AFSPACECOM
       [USA] Air Force Space Command
AFSS
       [USA] Air Force Security Service
AFSWS
       [USA] Air Force Special Weapons Center, at Griffiss AFB.
AFT
       [UK] Advanced Flying Training
AFTI
       [USA] Advanced Fighter Technology Integration
AFV
       Armoured Fighting Vehicle
AFWL
       [USA] Air Force Weapons Laboratory
--AG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
AG
       Air Gunner
AG
       [USA] Airlift Group
A/G
       Air/Ground
AGARD
       [NATO] Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development
AGC
       [USA] Air Group Commander
AGC
       Automatic Gain Control
AGDS
       [USA] USN: Launch Area Support Ship
AGE
       Aircraft Ground Equipment
AGF
       [USA] USN: Command Ship
AGI
       [Russia] Avia-Gorizont Istrebitelny -- artificial horizon for
       fighter aircraft. 
Agile Eagle
       [USA] Testing of leading edge maneuvering slats for the F-4 Phantom
       II.
AGL
       Above Ground Level
AGLT
       [UK] Automatic Gun Laying Turret
AGM
       [USA] USN: Missile Range Instrumentation Ship
AGM
       [USA] Air-to-Ground Missile
       AGM-12  Bullpup
       AGM-28  Hound Dog
       AGM-45  Shrike
       AGM-53  Condor
       AGM-62  Walleye
       AGM-64  Hornet
       AGM-65  Maverick
       AGM-69  SRAM
       AGM-78  Standard ARM
       AGM-84  Harpoon and SLAM
       AGM-86  ALCM
       AGM-88  HARM
       AGM-109 Tomahawk TALCM
       AGM-114 Hellfire
       AGM-119 Penguin
       AGM-122 Sidearm
       AGM-123 Skipper
       AGM-129 ACM
       AGM-131 SRAM II
       AGM-136 Tacit Rainbow
       AGM-137 TSSAM
       AGM-142 Have Nap
       AGM-154 JSOW
A Go
       [Japan] Japanese operations during the Battle of the Marianas.
       June 1944.
AGOR
       [USA] USN: Oceanographic Research Ship
AGOS
       [USA] USN: Ocean Surveillance Ship
AGOS
       [USSR] Department for the development of seaplanes. 
AGS
       [USA] USN: Surveying Ship
AGSS
       [USA] USN: Auxiliary Research / Experimental Submarine (conventional)
AGT
       [USA] Advanced Gun Technology.
AGTR
       [USA] USN: Auxiliary Technical Reconnaissance Ship
AGV
       [France] Avion a Grande Vitesse. A design for a Mach 5 airliner,
       that could enter service in 2015.
--AH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AH
       [USA] USN: Hospital Ship
AHAMS
       [USA] Advanced Heavy Anti-tank Missile System
AHB
       [UK] Air Historical Branch of the MoD.
AHC
       Aircraft Handling Characteristics
AHIP
       [USA] Armed Helicopter Improvement Program. Modification
       programme for the OH-58 Kiowa helicopters of the US Army,
       initiated in 1981.
AHRS
       Altitude and Heading Reference System
--AI-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AI
       Air Interdiction
AI
       Air Interception
AI
       Artificial Intelligence
AI
       Air Interception (radar). British fighter radar sets.
       AI Mk.I     Prototype, experimental only. Operated on 200mHz
                   (1.5m). Introduced in May 1939. 
       AI Mk.II    First production version, in November 1939.
                   Production version of Mk.I, still at 1.5m. 
                   Minimum range 350m, maximum range 1700m. Only
                   useful at altitudes above 2500m. 
       AI Mk.III   Another 1.5m radar, introduced in late 1939. It
                   was only used for training. 
       AI Mk.IV    First radar to enter large-scale production, and first
                   to be used in combat. Introduced in July 1940. Still
                   a 1.5m set, minimum range 350m, maximum range 4800m,
                   but still a minimum altitude of 3000m. 
       AI Mk.V     Version of Mk.IV for single-seat aircraft. Experimental
                   only. 
       AI Mk.VI    Version of Mk.IV for single-seat aircraft. Experimental
                   only. Installed in a single Typhoon.
       AI Mk.VII   First centimetric radar set, operating on 10cm with a
                   Magnetron. Introduced in late 1941.
       AI Mk.VIII  Production centimetric radar. Introduced in April 1942.
                   Later IFF and navigation aids were added. 
       AI Mk.IX    Frequency-tunable development of Mk.VIII. Displaced
                   by the American AI MK.X. 
       AI Mk.X     The American SCR-520A or SCR-720 radar. Operated on
                   10cm. Introduced in 1943 and used well into the
                   1950s.
       AI.17       Installed in the Javelin.
       AI.18       GEC radar. Installed in the Sea Vixen.      
       AI.21       Westinghouse radar. Installed in the Meteor NF.14
                   and Sea Venom FAW.21.
       AI.22       Westinghouse radar. Installed in the Javelin.
       AI.23       Radar of the BAC Lightning.
AIAA
       American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
AIAAM
       [USA] Advanced Intercept Air-to-Air Missile, a proposed replacement
       for AIM-54 Phoenix.
AIB
       [Allied] Allied Intelligence Bureau. Created in the Pacific in
       1942.
AIB
       [UK] Accident Investigation Branch
AID
       [UK] Aeronautical Inspection Directorate
AIDC
       [Taiwan] Aero Industry Development Center. The Taiwanese aircraft
       builder, under control of the ministry of defence. 
AIDS
       [USA] Advanced Integrated Display System
AIDS
       Aircraft Integrated Data System
AIM
       [USA] Air-to-air missile. 
       AIM-4	Falcon
       AIM-7	Sparrow
       AIM-9	Sidewinder
       AIM-26	(Falcon)
       AIM-47	(Falcon)
       AIM-54	Phoenix
       AIM-82
       AIM-92	Stinger
       AIM-95	Agile
       AIM-97	Seekbat
       AIM-120	AMRAAM
       AIM-132	ASRAAM
AIMD
       [USA] Avionic Integrated Maintenance Department
AIMS
       [UK] Advanced Integrated Magnetic Anomaly (detection system). 
AIP
       [USA] ASUW Improvement Program, for the P-3 Orion. 
AIR
       [USA] Air-to-air rocket
       AIR-2	Genie
AIR
       Air Inflatable Retarder (bomb decelerator)
AIR
       Air Intercept Radar
AIRCOM
       [Canada] Air Command
AIROPS
       Air Operations
AIRP
       [USA] Airborne Instrumentation Research Programme. A NASA project.
AIS
       Airborne Instrumentation System
AISF
       [USAF] Avionic Integration Support Facility. Ground testing
       equipment for F-15 avionics.
AIWS
       [USA] Advanced Interdiction Weapon System
--AJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ajax
       [UK-USA] See Boot.
AJT
       [India] Advanced Jet Trainer
--AK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AK
       [USA] USN: General Cargo Ship
AKA
       [USA] USN: Attack Cargo Ship
AKG
       [Germany] Aufklarungsgeschwader -- reconaissance wing
       AKG 51  'Immelmann'
AKN
       [Germany] AbwehrKommando Nord --- Defence Unit North. A WWI fighter
       unit, mostly equipped with Fokker E's. These were initially not
       allowed to cross the front lines, because of the secret nature
       of the interrupter gear, and later continued in a defensive role.
AKR
       [USA] USN: Vehicle Cargo Ship
AKV
       [USA] Aircraft Ferry. Often old carriers.
--AL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Al Abbas
       [Iraq] Improved Scud missile.
Alacrity
       [UK] Force of Canberra bombers, put on alert to reinforce units
       in the Middle East at 96 hours notice.
Aladdin
       [USA] Modifications to the S-3 Viking carrier-borne ASW aircraft
       to make it suitable for surveillance missions over Bosnia.
Alamo
       [NATO] Soviet AA-10 air-to-air missile, the Vympel R-27.
Alamo
       [USA] Plans for a last-ditch defense of Tan Son Nuth airport, near
       Saigon, during operation 'Frequent Wind' in 1975.
Alarik
       [Germany] Plan for a military occupation of Italy by German
       forces.
ALARM
       [UK] Air-Launched Anti-Radiation Missile
ALAT
       [France] Aviation Legere de l'Armee de Terre; 'light air force of the
       land army'.
Albert
       [UK] Air attacks on targets in Egypt, a part of 'Musketeer'.
ALBM
       Air-Launched Ballistic Missile
ALC
       [USA] Air Logistics Center
ALCAM
       Air-Launched Conventional Attack Missile
ALCC
       [USA] Air Launch Control Center
ALCM
       [USA] Air-Launched Cruise Missile, the AGM-86 cruise missile carried
       by the B-52 and B-1.
ALCS
       [USA] Augmented Longitudinal Control System
Aldebaran
       [France] Test of the AN 52 nuclear bomb, on 2 July 1966.
ALE
       [Italy] Aviazone Leggera dell'Esercito. Army light aviation.
ALF
       [USA] Airlift Flight
Alf
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawanishi E7K floatplane.
ALFS
       [USA] Airborne Low-Frequency Sonar. Hughes AQS-22
ALFSEA
       [Allied] Allied Land Forces South-East Asia, central command for
       these forces, created in November 1944.
ALG
       [UK] Advanced Landing Ground. Rud imentary airfields in South
       England. 23 were constructed
ALG
       [USA] Autonomous Landing Guidance. "Autonomous" means: Without
       input from ground stations. 
ALH
       Active Laser Homing
ALH
       [India] Advanced Light Helicopter
Al Hussein
       [Iraq] Improved Scud missile.
ALI
       Altitude Indicator
ALIC
       Aircraft Launcher Interface Computer
Alkali
       [NATO] Soviet AA-1 air-to-air missile (Tomashevitch K-5)
ALL
       [USA] Airborne Laser Laboratory
ALLNAV
       [USA] All Navy, message to all navy personnel.
Alloy Express
       [UK] Exercise, off the Norwegian coast. 1982.
ALO
       Air Liaison Officer
ALOA
       [France] Aviation Legere d'Obervation d'Artillerie --- Light
       aviation for artillery spotting. 
ALOC
       [USA] Airborne visual Laser Optical Communication
ALOT
       [UK] Air Liaison Officer's Team
ALOTS
       [USA] Advanced Light Optical Tracking System
ALPA
       [USA] Air Line Pilots Association
Alpha Check
       Request for heading and distance to a specified point.
Alpha Scramble
       Operational Alert mission.
Al Quwwat al Jawwiya al Malakiya Alurduniya
       [USA] Royal Jordanian Air Force
Al Quwwat al Jawwiya al Malakiya Marakishaya
       [Maroc] Royal Maroccan Air Force
Al Quwwat al Jawwiya as Saudiya
       [Saudi-Arabia] Royal Saudi Air Force.
Al Quwwat al Jawwiya bij Libiyya
       [Libya] Libyan Air Force.
Al Quwwat al Jawwiya il Misriya
       [Egypt] Egyptian Air Force
ALRAD
       Airborne Laser Rangefinder And Designator
ALS
       [USA] Airlift Squadron
Al Sakusen
       [USA] Japanese diversion offensive against Dutch Harbour and the
       Aleutian islands. 1942.
ALUSNA
       [USA] U.S. Naval Attache
AL-X
       [Brazil] Requirement for a light attack aircraft. 1996. A
       development of the Tucano is intended. 
Al Yamamah
       [Saudi-Arabia] Defence co-operation agreement between Saudi-Arabia
       and the UK. 
ALYCAT
       [UK] Aeromechanical Lynx Control Agilty Testbed. Lynx helicopter
       testbed. 
--AM-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AMAC
       [USA] Aircraft Monitor and Control system.
AMARC
       [USA] Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Center, at Davis-
       Monthan AFB.
AMB
       [Netherlands] Air Mobile Brigade
Amber
       [USA] Twin-engined RPV project for the USN.
AMC
       [USA] Air Materiel Command
AMC
       [USA] Air Mobility Command. Created in 1992, combining the transport
       part of MAC, TAC and SAC.
AMCM
       [USA] Airborne Mine CounterMeasures
AMDP
       Aircraft Maintenance Delayed for Parts
AMDS
       [UK] Automatic Manoeuvre Device System, for the Tornado ADV. 
AME
       [UK] Aviation Medical Examiner
AMES
       [UK] Air Ministry Experimental Station. Cover name for earlier
       radar stations.
AMF
       [USA] Automatic Maneuvring Flaps, fitted to the A-7D.
AMF
       [NATO] ACE Mobile Force
AMF
       [NATO] Allied Commander Europe Mobile Forces
AMG
       [UK] Air Maintenance Group, RNAS Yeovilton.
AMG
       [UK] Air Movements Group (Royal Navy)
AMGOT
       [Allied] Allied Military Government Occupied Territories
AMI
       [Italy] Aeronautica Militare Italiana -- Italian Air Force
AMLCD
       Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display
Amos
       [NATO] Soviet AA-9 air-to-air missile (Vympel K-33, R-33)
AMPSA
       [USA] Advanced Manned Precision Strategic Aircraft. Requirement, 1965.
AMRAAM
       [USA] Advanced Medium Range AAM, also known as AIM-120. The
       replacement for AIM-7 Sparrow, similar in layout but smaller, and
       fitted with an active radar seeker.
AMRARM
       [USA] Advanced Medium-Range Anti-Radiation Missile.
AMS
       [USA] Air Maintenance Squadron
AMSA
       [USA] Advanced Manned Strategic Aircraft. Requirement, 1965.
AMSAR
       [UK/France] Airborne Multi-Role Solid-state Active-array Radar.
       Development began in 1993, with planned service introduction in
       2005.
AMSDU
       [UK] Air Ministry Servicing Development Unit
AMSL
       Above Mean Sea Level
AMSR
       [UK] Air Member for Supply and Research
AMST
       [USA] Advanced Medium STOL Transport. Requirement to which the
       Boeing YC-14 and McDonnell Douglas YC-15 were built.
AMSU
       Aircraft Motion Sensor Unit
AMTI
       Airborne Moving Target Indicator
AMU
       Auxiliary Memory Unit
Amuck
       [UK] Rocket launcher for depth charges, used by surface ships
       during WWII.
AMW
       [USA] Air Mobility Wing
AMWD
       [UK] Air Ministry Works Department. Responsible for all works on
       RAF bases. 
--AN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AN
       [USA] Army Navy. Indicates that equipment is used by both
       services --- in practice often not the Army and the Navy, but
       the Air Force and the Navy. 
Anab
       [NATO] Soviet AA-3 air-to-air missile (Bisnovat K-8, R-8, R-98)
Anakim
       [Allied] Plan for a liberation of Burma. Abandoned. 1942.
AN/APS
       [USA] Army-Navy / Airborne Pulse Search equipment, i.e. a radar set
       carried by aircraft.
ANC
       Active Noise Control
Anderson
       [Allied] Codebreaking unit in Colombo, Ceylon. WWII. 
Anfa
       [Allied] Name sometimes used for the conference of Casablanca,
       which was held in the Anfa Hotel. 
ANFE
       Aircraft Not Fully Equipped
ANG
       [USA] Air National Guard
ANG
       [France] Atlantique Nouvelle Generation
ANGB
       [USA] Air National Guard Base
Angels
       Altitude in thousands of feet.
ANGLICO
       Air and Naval Gunfire Liaison Company
ANGOSTA
       [USA] Air National Guard Operational Support Transport Aircraft
An Hsiang
       [Taiwan] Safe Flight. Codename for the development of the Ching
       Kuo fighter. 
ANL
       [Laos] Armee Nationale Laotienne
Ann
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi Ki.30 light bomber.
ANO
       Air Navigation Order
Anorak Express
       [UK] Exercise. Deployment of BAe Harriers to Northern Norway, 1982.
ANP
       [USA] Aircraft Nuclear Propulsion -- an attempt to build a
       nuclear-powered aircraft, primarily a strategic bomber.
ANS
       Airborne, or: Automatic Navigation System
Ansbach
       [Germany] FuSE 68L Ansbach 1 was a little used flak radar.
       An experimental development, FuSE 70 Ansbach 3, was intended
       for fighter guidance.
ANT
       [France] Armament Nucleaire Tactique; the nuclear-armed part of
       the air force.
Antler
       [UK] Nuclear Weapons Trials in South Australia, 1957.
Anvil
       [Allied] Allied invasion in South France, originally intended to
       contemporary with 'Overlord'. Postponed and renamed 'Dragoon'.
Anvil
       [USA] The use of the BQ-8 unmanned flying bomb conversion of the B-24.
ANVIS
       [USA] Aviator's Night Vision Imaging System
ANZAC
       Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
ANZUK
       Australia, New Zealand and UK. Military alliance.
ANZUK
       Australia, New Zealand and US. Military alliance.
--AO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AO
       [USA] USN: Oiler ship.
AOA
       Angle of attack
AOB
       Air Order of Battle
AOC
       Aviation Officer Cadet
AOC
       [UK] Air Officer Commanding
AOC
       Air Operations Centre
AOCP
       Aircraft Out-of-Commission for Parts
AOE
       [USA] USN: Fast Combat Support Ship
AOG
       [USA] USN: Gasoline Carrier / Tanker
AOG
       Aircraft On the Ground
AON
       [USSR] Special Purpose Air Arm, strategic force created in 1936.
AOP
       Airborne Observation Post
AOR
       [USA] USN: Replenishment Oiler
AOT
       [USA] USN: Transport Oiler / Tanker
--AP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
AP
       Armour Piercing
AP
       [USA] USN: Troop Ship, non-landing.
APA
       [USA] USN: Attack transport ship
APACHE
       [France] Arme Propulsee A CHarge Ejectable --- Propelled Weapon
       with ejectable warhead. A cruise missile with a subminutions
       dispenser, expected to enter service in 1997. 
APAM
       [USA] Anti-Personnel and Anti-Materiel
APAS
       [Latvia] Aviacijas un Pretgaisa Aizsardzibas Speki --- 
       Air Defence Force of Latvia.
APC
       Armament Practive Camp
APC
       Armoured Personnel Carrier
Apex
       [NATO] Soviet AA-7 air-to-air missile (Vympel K-23, R-23)
APFC
       [NATO] Air Portable Fuel Cell. Standard volume is 1955 liters. 
APFD
       [UK] AutoPilot and Flight Director
APFSDS-DU
       Armor Penetrating, Fin-Stabilised, Discarding Sabot -- Depleted
       Uranium.
Aphid
       [NATO] Soviet AA-8 air-to-air missile (Bisnovat R-60)
APHIDS
       Advanced Panoramic Helmet Interface Designator System
Aphrodite
       [USA] Use of explosive-packed, remote controlled B-17s against
       V-2 launching sites. August 1944.
API
       Armour Piercing Incendiary
APD
       [USA] USN: Fast Destroyer Transport
APFSDS
       Armour Piercing, Fin-Stabilised, Discarding Sabot anti-tank
       projectile. 
APL
       [USA] USN: Auxiliary Personnel Lighter
Apollo
       [USA] The project to put a man on the moon.       
APP
       Autopilot Panel
APR
       Automatic Power Reserve
APS
       [USA] USN: Transport Submarine
APS
       [UK] Armament Practice Station
APS
       Aircraft Prepared for Service
APSF
       [UK] Aden Protectorate Support Flight. 
APSI
       [USA] Aircraft Propulsion System Integration
APSS
       [USA] USN: Vehicle Transport Submarine
APU
       Auxiliary Power Unit
APVO
       [USSR] Aviatsiya Protivovozdushnoy Oborony --- Aviation of the Air
       Defence.
--AQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--AR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AR
       [USA] Training Ship
AR
       [USA] USN: Repair Ship
Arabian Stallion
       [NATO] Exercise in cooperation with the United Arab Emirates,
       in 1993.
ARB
       [USA] USN: Repair Ship, battle damage
ARBS
       Angle Rate Bombing System, Hughes AN/ASB-19(V)
ARC
       [USA] USN: Cable Repair/Laying Ship
ARC
       [UK] Aeronautical Research Council
Arcadia
       [Allied] Conference of Washington, in early 1942. Churchill and
       the British Chiefs of Staff came to Washington to discuss
       strategy. 
ARCANA
       [France] Appareil de Recalage et de Cartographie pour Navigation
       Aveugle. All-weather navigation and cartography system. 
Archer
       [NATO] Soviet AA-11 air-to-air missile (Molniya, R-73)
Archery
       [UK] Commando raid on Vaagso in Norway, December 1941.
Archimedes
       [Germany] WWII acoustic guidance system for missiles.
Arc Light
       [USA] Deployment of B-52s to Guam in support of the American forces
       in Vietnam. 
ARCO
       [USA] Airborne Remote Control Officer, in drone controller aircraft.
ARCP
       Air Refuelling Control Point
ARCT
       Air Refuelling Control Time
ARD
       [USA] USN: Floating Dry Dock
ARDC
       [USA] Air Research and Development Command
Ardent
       [UK] Exercise, 1952.
ARE
       [UK] Admiralty Research Establishment
AREFG
       [USA] Air Refuelling Group
AREFS
       [USA] Air Refuelling Squadron
AREFW
       [USA] Air Refuelling Wing
ARESE
       [USA] Atmospheric Radiation Enhanced Short-Wave Experiment. An
       investigation into global warming.
ARF
       [USA] "Aerial Relay Facility" - RC-12 portion of the GRCS which is
       used to relay intelligence info from aircraft to aircraft and
       also to the ground.
ARG
       [USA] Air Refuelling Group
ARG
       [Canada] Air Reserve Group
ARG
       [USA] USN: Repair Ship, landing craft
ARG
       Amphibious Ready Group
Argument
       [Allied] Offensive of the 8th AF to eliminate the Luftwaffe, beginning
       of 1944.
Argus
       [USA] Optical sensor system installed in an NC-135A.
Argus
       [USA] Nightfighter development program of the US Navy, started in
       1942. Later renamed Afirm.
ARH
       Active Radar Homing
ARH
       [USA] USN: Repair ship, hull repairs
ARI
       [USA] Aviation Restructure Initiative. Reorganistaion of the
       helicopter units of the US Army, creating 'pure' battalions with
       72 AH-64 helicopters each.
ARIA
       Apollo Range Instrumentation Aircraft, later Advanced Range
       Instrumentation Aircraft, an EC-135 / EC-18.
ARIP
       Air Refuelling Initial Point
ARL
       [USA] Landing Craft Repair Ship
ARL
       [USA] "Airborne Reconnaisance-Low" - Army INSCOM RC-7B COMINT/DF or
       IMINT system. Non-covert but low-profile airborne intel system
       based on the DeHavilland Dash-7.  
ARL-M
       [USA] "Multifunction Airborne Reconnaisance-Low" - Army INSCOM
       improved RC-7B with COMINT/DF/IMINT all on the same aircraft. 
       Program name is Crazy Hawk.
ARM
       Anti-Radiation Missile
ARMADAS
       [UK] Anti-Radar Missile Airborne Data Analysis System. Installed in
       a BAe Andover. 
Armat
       [France] Anti-Radiation MArTel. Version of the Martel ASM. 
Armee de l'Air
       [France] Air Force
Armeiskaya Aviatsiya
       [USSR] Army Aviation
ARNG
       [USA] Army National Guard
ARP
       [UK] Air Raid Precautions. 1940, later named 'Civil Defence'. 
ARP
       [USA] Aero Rifle Platoon; infantrymen carried by helicopters.
ARPA
       [USA] Advanced Projects Research Agency
ARPS
       [USA] Advanced Radar Processing System, for the E-2C Hawkeye. Modified
       the AN/APS-120 radar to AN/APS-125.
ARPV
       [USA] Advanced Remotely Piloted Vehicle. RPV development programme.
ARR
       [USA] Air Refueling Receiver. Receptacle for the tanking 'boom'
       of USAF tankers. 
ARR
       [Rumania] Aeronautica Regala Romana --- Royal Rumanian Air Force.
ARRC
       [NATO] Allied Rapid Reaction Corps
ARRMD
       [USA] Affordable Rapid Response Missile Demonstrator. A Mach 6-8
       ramjet-powered vehicle. 
ARRS
       [USA] Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Service.
ARRS
       [USA] Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadron
ARS
       [USA] Air Rescue Squadron
ARS
       [USA] USN: Salvage Vessel / Ship
ARTB
       [USA] Advanced Radar Test Bed. A Lockheed NC-141. 
ARTF
       Alkali Removable Temporary Finish. A temporary paint. 
ARTI
       [USA] Advanced Rotorcraft Technology Integration, a research effort
       to evaluate systems for new combat helicopters.
Artichokes       
       [UK] Lorient, when referred to for aerial minelaying ('Gardening').
Article 341
       [USA] Name the CIA used for the Lockheed U-2.
ARTW
       [USA] Aerospace Reconaissance Technical Wing.
ARTY
       Artillery
ARV
       [USA] USN: Aviation Repair Vessel
ARW
       [USA] Air Refuelling Wing
--AS-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AS
       Anti-Submarine
AS
       [USA] USN: Submarine Tender
ASA
       [USA] Army Security Service
ASALM
       [USA] Advanced Strategic Air-Launched Missile, a Mach 4 air-breathing
       missile. Cancelled in 1980.
ASARS
       [USA] Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar System. ASARS-2 is
       installed in the TR-1. 
ASAT
       [USA] Anti-SATtelite missile, launched by an F-15 at high altitude.
       Some test have been completed.
ASCC
       Air Standards Co-ordinating Committee. Responsible for the allocation
       of codenames to aircraft of the potential enemy.
ASD
       [USA] Aeronautical Systems Division
ASDIC
       [UK] Allied Submarine Detection Investigation Committee. 1917
       committee that developed the device named after it, ASDIC, also
       known as SONAR.
ASF
       [UK] Advanced Striking Force. RAF units sent to France in 1939.
Ash
       [NATO] Soviet AA-5 air-to-air missile (Bisnovat K-80, R-4)
ASH
       [UK] Air to Surface Homing (radar)
AShM
       Anti-Shipping Missile
Ashtray
       [USA] Modification of several F-86A Sabre fighters to RF-86A
       reconaissance aircraft, for service in the Korean war. 1951.
ASI
       Air Speed Indicator
ASIP
       [USA] Aircraft Structural Integrity Program
ASLP
       [France] Air-Sol Longue Portee -- Long-range air-to-surface
       missile, with a nuclear warhead. Development halted.
ASM
       Air-to-Surface Missile. Also used by the USN to label its missiles,
       before the tri-service designation system was introduced.
       ASM-N-7	Bullpup
ASMD
       [USA] Anti-Ship Missile Defense
ASMP
       [France] Air-Sol Moyenne Portee -- medium-range air-to-surface
       missile. Supersonic, air-breathing and nuclear-armed.
ASMS
       [USA] Advanced Surface Missile Sytem. Became Aegis, see there.
ASOC
       Air Support Operations Center
ASP
       [Allied] Air Spotting Pool
ASP
       [Belgium] Annual Service Practice. Live firing of a 'Nike Hercules'
       SAM on NAMFI.
Aspirin
       [UK] Jammer against Headache -- the German "Knickebein"
       navigation aid. 
ASPJ
       Airborne Self-Protection Jammer
ARS
       [USA] USN: Submarine Rescue Ship
ASR
       [UK] Air Sea Rescue
ASR
       [UK] Air Staff Requirement
ASRAAM
       [USA] Advanced Short Range AAM, the AIM-132. ASRAAM is an European
       Sidewinder replacement. US participation was short-lived.
ASROC
       [USA] Anti Submarine Rocket
ASSET
       [USA] Aerothermodynamic/Elastic Structural Systems Environmental
       Tests. This was a series of lifting-body reentry vehicles,
       developed under the START programme.
ASSP
       [USA] USN: Auxiliary Transport Submarine
AST
       [UK] Air Staff Target, an operational requirement.
ASTAR
       Airborne Search Target Attack Radar
ASTEI
       [USA] Air-Surface Technology Evaluation & Integration programme. The
       goal of this programme was to reduce radar cross-sections of equipment;
       so-called 'Stealth' technology.
ASTOR
       [UK] Airborne Stand-Off Radar. Previously known as CASTOR.
ASTOVL
       [USA] Advanced STOVL
ASTRA
       [UK] Advanced System Training Aircraft. A modified Hawk Mk.1
ASU
       [UK] Aircraft Storage Unit. Set up during WWII to store surplus
       aircraft. In January 1946 the RAF had 21842 aircraft in storage,
       and 12560 of these were in long-term storage. 
Asura
       [France] Air-to-SURface Ramjet with Automatic guidance. Development
       of ASMP. 
ASuW
       Anti-Surface Unit Warfare
ASV
       [UK] Anti-Surface Vessel (radar)
       ASV Mk.I
         Training only, introduced in January 1940. Operated on 1.5m.
       ASV Mk.II  
         First practical system. Available in September 1940.
       ASV Mk.III
         Centimetric radar, based on H2S. 
       ASV Mk.VI
         Included the 'Vixen' attenuator.
ASW
       Anti-Submarine Warfare
ASWAC
       [India] Airborne Surveillance, Warning And Control. An AEW development
       of the Hs.748 twin-turboprop transport, with a large radar rotating 
       dish. A prototype flew in 1990.
ASWOC
       [USA] Anti-Submarine Warfare Operations Center
--AT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AT
       [USA] USN: Tug (ship)
ATA
       [USA] USN: Auxiliary Tug (ship)
ATA
       [USA] Air Transport Association
ATA
       [USA] Advanced Tactical Aircraft
ATA
       Actual Time of Arrival
ATA
       [UK] Air Transport Auxiliary. The ATA ferried aircraft from
       manufacturers to the RAF squadrons. 
ATAF
       [NATO] Allied Tactical Air Force
ATAFCS
       Airborne Target Acquisition and Fire Control System
ATAP
       Anti-Tank, Anti-Personnel
Atar
       [France] Atelier Technique Aeronautique de Rickenbach. Creator
       of a line of French jet engines. 
ATARS
       [USA] Advanced Tactical Air Reconaissance System
ATB
       [USA] Advanced Technology Bomber. Development program for the Northrop
       B-2.
ATC
       [USA] Air Training Command
ATC
       [USA] Air Transport Command
ATC
       Air Traffic Control
ATC
       [UK] Air Training Corps
ATCA
       [USA] Advanced Tanker/Cargo Aircraft. The KC-10.
ATCC
       Air Traffic Control Centre
ATD
       Actual Time of Departure
ATD
       [USA] Advanced Technology Demonstrator (USN)
ATD/C
       [USA] Assisted Target Detection/Classification
ATDS
       [USA] Airborne Tactical Data System, data processing system fitted to
       the E-2C Hawkeye.
ATE
       [USA] Advanced Technology Engine
ATE
       Automatic Test Equipment
ATEGG
       [USA] Advanced Technology Engine Gas Generator
ATF
       [UK] Air Transport Force
ATF
       [USA] USN: Oceangoing Fleet Tug
ATF
       [USA] Advanced technology Fighter. F-22 and F-23 program.
ATFERO
       [UK] Atlantic Ferry Organisation
ATG
       [Canada] Air Transport Group
ATGM
       Anti-Tank Guided Missile
ATGW
       Anti-Tank Guided Weapon
ATHS
       [USA] Automatic Target Handover System
ATIRCM
       Advanced Threat Infra-Red CounterMeasures
ATIS
       Aerodrome Terminal Information Service
ATIS
       [Allied] Allied Translator and Interpreter Section. Operated in
       Australia during WWII, and translated 20 million pages of
       captured Japanese documents. 
ATLANTIC
       Airborne Targeting Low Altitude Navigation Thermal Imaging and Cueing.
ATLIS
       [France] Automatic Tracking Laser Illumination System. Pod that combines
       TV target acquisition and laser designation, produced by Martin Marietta
       and Thomson-CSF.
ATM
       Anti-Tank Missile
ATM
       [USA] AGM Training Missile
       ATM-12  Bullpup Trainer
ATO
       Air Tasking Order
ATO
       Assisted Take-Off
ATO
       [USA] USN: Old Tug (ship)
ATOC
       [NATO] Allied Tactical Operations Center
Atoll
       [NATO] Soviet AA-2 air-to-air missile (Vympel K-13, R-3)
ATP
       Advanced Turbo-Prop (BAe)
ATPL
       Airline Pilot's Transport Licence
ATR
       [USA] USN: Rescue Tug (ship)
ATR
       Air Transport Racking (standard electronics racks)
ATR
       Avions de Transport Regional --- Regional transport aircraft. A
       series of commuterliners built by French/Italian manufacturers.
ATRS
       [USA] Areial Training Squadron
ATS
       [USA] Airmanship Training Squadron
ATS
       [USA] USN: Salvage & Rescue Ship
ATS
       Air Traffic Service
ATT
       [USA] Advanced Theater Transport
--AU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Augment
       [Allied] The conference of Yalta.
AUM
       [USA] Air-to-underwater missile
       AUM-N-2 Petrel 
AUP
       [Autralia] Avionics Upgrade Programme for the F-111C.
AUP       
       [Belgium] Avionics Upgrade Programme for the C-130H.
AURI
       [Indonesia] Angakatan Udara Republik Indonesia. Air force
       of the Republic Indonesia. 
AURORA
       Automatic Recovery Of Remotely-piloted Aircraft
Aurora Express
       [NATO] Exercise for European forces, involving deployment to
       Eastern Turkey.
AUTEC
       Atlantic Undersea Test and Evalutaion Center.
AUW
       All-Up Weight
--AV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
AV
       [USA] Aircraft (seaplane) Tender
       AV-4    Curtiss		       (Curtiss)
       AV-5    Albemarle	       (Curtiss)
       AV-7    Currituck	       (Currituck)
       AV-8    Tangier		       (Tangier)
       AV-9    Pocomoke 	       (Tangier)
       AV-10   Chandeleur	       (Chandeleur)
       AV-11   Norton Sound	       (Currituck)
       AV-12   Pine Island	       (Currituck)
       AV-13   Puget Sound	       (Currituck)
       AV-13   Salisbury Sound	       (Currituck)
       AV-14   Kenneth Whiting	       (Whiting)
       AV-15   Hamlin		       (Whiting)
       AV-16   St. George	       (Whiting)
       AV-17   Cumberland Sound        (Whiting)
Avalanche
       [Allied] The landing in Salerno Bay, Italy, 1943.
AVCRAD
       [USA] Aviation Classification Repair Activity Depot
AvEs
       [Italy] Aviazone dell'Esercito. Army aviation. 
AVEN
       [USA] Axisymmetric Vectoring Exhaust Nozzle, a vectoring nozzle
       for the General Electric F-101 engine; applied to MATV.
AVG
       [USA/China] American Volunteer Group, the "Flying Tigers" unit.
AVG
       [USA] Aicraft Escort Vessel, later renamed ACV. See CVE for numbers.
AVGAS
       Aviation Gasoline
Aviadesantnoj Brigada
       [USSR] Airborne Brigade.
Aviamatka
       [USSR] Mother aircraft, for parasite planes.
Aviation Legere / Licht Vliegwezen
       [Belgium] army air force
AVIAVNITO
       [USSR] Departement for the organisation of aeronautic technical
       and scientific research. 
AVIC
       [China] Aviation Industries of China
AVIM
       [USA] Aviation Intermediate Maintenance facility.
AVM
       [UK] Air Vice Marshall
AV-MF
       [USSR] Aviatsiya Voenno-Morsko Flota (Naval Air Force)
AVNK
       [Cambodia] Aviation National Khmer
AVP
       [USA] Small Seaplane Tender
       AVP-10  Barnegat 	       (Barnegat)
       AVP-32  Yukatat
       AVP-34  Bering Strait
       AVP-37  Corson		       (Barnegat)
       AVP-38  Duxbury Bay	       (Barnegat)
       AVP-39  Gardiners Bay	       (Barnegat)
       AVP-40  Floyds Bay	       (Barnegat)
       AVP-41  Greenwich Bay	       (Barnegat)
       AVP-48  Onslow		       (Barnegat)
       AVP-49  Orca		       (Barnegat)
       AVP-51  San Carlos	       (Barnegat)
       AVP-52  Shelikof 	       (Barnegat)
       AVP-53  Suisun		       (Barnegat)
       AVP-54  Timbalier	       (Barnegat)
       AVP-55  Valcour		       (Barnegat)
AVRE
       [UK] Armoured Vehicle, Royal Engineers. A Churchill tank equipped
       with the 'Petard' spigot mortar, firing 40lb projectiles.
AVRK
       [Cambodia] Aviation Royale Khmere --- Royal Khmer Air Force. 
AVS
       [USA] USN: Aviation Supply Ship
AVT
       [USA] USN: Auxiliary Aircraft Transport. Includes some former CV's of
       the Essex class and CVL's of Saipan and Independence class.
       AVT-6   Saipan		       (Saipan)
       AVT-7   Wright		       (Saipan)
       AVT-16  Lexington	       (Essex)
       AVT-59  Forrestal	       (Forrestal)
AVTR
       [USA] Airborne Video Tape Recorder
--AW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
AW
       [USA] Airlift Wing
AWACS
       [USA] Airborne Warning And Control System, the Boeing E-3 Sentry.
       Also Airborne Warning And Control Squadron.
AWACTS
       [USA] Airborne Warning And Control Training Squadron.
AWAY
       [France] Rocket extraction system for the pilot; made by Hurel-Dubois.
AWCLS
       All-Weather Carrier Landing System
AWCW
       [USA] Airborne Warning Composite Wing
AW&CS
       [USA] Airborne Warning & Control Squadron
AW&CW
       [USA] Airborne Warning & Control Wing
AWE
       [UK] Atomic Weapons Establishment
Awl
       [NATO] Soviet AA-4 air-to-air missile (Mikoyan K-9)
AWOL
       [USA] Absent Without Leave.
AWPGM
       Adverse Weather Precision Guided Minution
AWRE
       [UK] Atomic Weapons Research Establishment
AWS
       [UK] Automatic Wing Sweep. For the Tornado ADV. 
--AX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AX
       [USA] Requirement for a medium-sized carrier-based attack aircraft
       to replace the A-6 Intruder. Cancelled in 1993.
Axiom
       [Allied] Plan for attacks on Malaya, Sumatra and Hong Kong. Not
       accepted.
--AY-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
--AZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Azon
       [USA] See VB.
Azul
       [Argentina] The occupation of the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) in
       1982.

==B==========================================================================
B
       [USSR] Bombardirovshkchik
--BA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BA
       [Portugal] Base Aera -- Air (force) Base.
BA
       [France] Base Aerienne --- Air base.
Babs
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi C5M reconaissance 
       aircraft and Ki.15 light bomber.
BABS
       [UK] Blind Approach Beacon System
Babylift
       [USA] Evacuation of orphans from Vietnam, 1975. 
Backfin
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-98 bomber
Backfire
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-22M / Tu-26 bomber.
Back Net
       [NATO] Soviet Surveillance radar for SA-5.
Badger
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-16 bomber.
Baedeker Raids
       [UK] German bomber attacks on historical cities in Britain, spring
       1942.
BAFO
       [UK] British Air Force of Occupation, in Germany, created in 1945.
BAI
       Battlefield Air Interdiction
Bald Eagle
       [USA] Project for a high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft. The USAF
       selected the Bell X-16, but this was later cancelled in favour of
       the CIA-sponsored Lockheed U-2. 
Balgarskite Voennovasdushni Sily       
       [Bulgaria] Bulgarian Air Force.
BALLUTE
       Balloon Parachute (bombr retarder)
Balzubard
       [France] French contribution to operation Sharp Guard
BAM
       [Germany] Brieftauben-Abteilung Metz --- Carrrier pigeon group Metz.
       See BAO!
Bandit
       Hostile aircraft
Band Stand
       [NATO] Soviet Radar associated with SS-N-7.
Banish Beach
       [USA] Proposed fire bombing of the Ho Chi Minh trail in Vietnam,
       using C-130s. 
Bank
       [NATO] North American B-25 Mitchell bomber in Soviet service.
Banquet
       [UK] Plans for the usage of trainers as ground-attack aircraft in
       case of German invasion, 1940. 
BAO
       [Germany] Brieftauben-Abteilung Ostende -- carrier pigeon group Ostend.
       A cover name for an unit that was created for bombing attacks on
       England. Later interpreted as 'Bombenaufwurf-Abteilung der OHL',
       bomber unit of the OHL (directly responsible to OHL, the
       supreme command, and not assigned to a local army unit).
BAOR
       [UK] British Army Of the Rhine
BAP
       [France] Bombe Anti-Piste --- anti-runway bomb.
BAPC
       [UK] British Aircraft Preservation Council
Barax
       [France] Jamming pod.
Barbarossa
       [Germany] German attack on the USSR, 22 June 1941.
BARCAP
       Barrier Combat Air Patrol
Barge
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-85 bomber.
Baritone
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 17 August 1942.
Bark
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-2 bomber.
Bar Lock
       [NATO] Soviet Surveillance radar for SA-5.
Barracuda
       [France] Jamming pod.
Barrel Roll
       [USA] The north of Laos.
Bat
       [USA] A winged bomb with active radar homing, used against Japanese
       ships from May 1945 onwards.
Bat
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-2 and Tu-6 bomber.
Bat
       [UK] Equipment which allowed Mosquito nightfighters to home in to
       the emissions of radio jammers. Two dipole anttenae were carried
       on each wing. 
Batseye
       [Allied] Exercises to study the possibility of dusk and dawn operations,
       as part of the preparations for 'Overlord'.
Battleaxe
       [UK] Counter-attack against Italian and German forces in North Africa,
       15 June 1941.
Batty
       [USA] Operational use of the GB-4 guided bomb, by the 388th BG,
       in July 1944.
Bayreuth
       [Germany] Radar, using elements of Euklid and Ansbach.
Baytown
       [Allied] Plan for the landing in Calabria, Italy. 3 September 1943.
Bay Window
       [UK] Alternative name for 'Homing Eye', an infrared guidance
       system. 
--BB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BB
       [USA] USN: Battleship
BBMF
       [UK] Battle of Britain Memorial Flight
--BC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BC
       [USA] USN: Battlecruiser
BCAEAU
       [UK] Bomber Command Advanced Emergency Airfield Unit. Created
       at Juvincourt, France, in 1944.
BCAR
       [UK] British Civil Airworthiness Requirement
BCAS
       [UK] Bomber Command Armament School
BCD
       Bad Conduct Discharge
BCE
       Battlefield Coordination Element
BCGN
       [USA] USN: Nuclear-powered, Guided Missile Battlecruiser
--BD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BDA
       Battle / Bomb Damage Assessment
BDF
       [Botswana] Botswana Defence Force
BDK
       [USSR] Bol'shoy desantniy korabl' (large landing ship)
BDM
       Bomber Defense Missile.
BDR
       Battle Damage Repair
BDRT
       [UK] Battle Damage Repair Training.
BDS
       Battle Dressing Station
BDU
       [USA] Bomb Dummy Unit. Practice versions of nuclear bombs.
BDZ
       [NATO] Base Defense Zone
--BE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Beacon Hill
       [USA] Team that studied high-alititude air photography, created
       in 1952.
Beagle
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-28 bomber.
Bear
       [USA] Nickname for the EWO.
Bear
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-20, Tu-95 and Tu-142 bomber.
Beast
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-10 bomber.
Beef Broth
       [USA] Building of a strategical reserve in the USA for TAC units in
       Vietnam.
Bee Hind
       [NATO] Gun laying radar for the tail guns of the Tu-95 'Bear'.
Bee Line
       [USA] Upgrading of F-4B Phantom IIs to F-4N in the early 1970s.
Beethoven
       [Germany] Official codename for the 'Mistel' combinations.
BEF
       [UK] British Expeditionary Force
Belconnen
       [USA] Codebreaking unit, stationed in Melbourne. WWII. 
Belfry Express
       [USA] Operations of RPVs from the aircraft carrier USS Ranger,
       in 1969.
Belle
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawanishi H3K flying boat.
Bellows
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 11 August 1942.
Bell Tone
       [USA] Transfer of F-100s to Bangkok, Thailand. 16 April 1961.
Ben
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nagoya-Sento KI-001 fighter. Did not exist.
Bennett Spinwheel
       [UK] Calculation instrument used to determine the V/STOL performance
       of BAe Harriers --- a set of rotating disks that can be
       carried in a flying suit pocket.
Berkut
       [USSR] Search radar fitted to the Tu-142 and Il-38 maritime
       reconnaissance aircraft. 
Berlin
       [Germany] FuG 240 airborne radar. Berlin used a wavelength of
       9cm or 9.3cm and was based on captured examples of the British
       cavity magnetron. Parabolic dish antenna inside streamlined
       nose cover. 30 to 50 were issued to service units, mostly on
       the Ju 88G-6. 
Bernhard / Bernardine
       [Germany] FuG 120 secure communications system for nightfighters,
       introduced in 1944.
BERP
       [UK] British Experimental Rotor Programme. Development of the
       high-performance rotor system later fitted to eg. the Westland
       Lynx helicopter. 
Bersatu Padu
       [UK] Exercise deployment to Far East. 1970.
Beryoza
       [USSR] Birch. Radar warning receiver. 
Beryl
       [France] Nuclear test of the AN 11 bomb, 1 May 1962.
Bess
       [USA] Codename for the German Heinkel He 111 bomber, erronously assumed
       to be in Japanese service.
BETASOM
       [Italy] Bordeaux Summergibili --- Italian Navy submarine base, set
       up in August 1940. 
Betty
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi G4M / G6M bomber.
Beware
       [UK] Defence exercise, held in 1955 to test the air defences of
       the UK.
--BF-------------------------------------------------------------------------
BFT
       Basic Flying Training
--BG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BG
       [USA] Bombardment Group
	91th BG  'The Ragged Irregulars'
       345th BG  'Air Apaches'
BG
       [USA] USN: battle group
BG
       [USA] Bomb Glider.
       Fletcher XBG-1
       Fletcher XBG-2
       Cornelius XBG-3
BGM
       [USA]
       BGM-71	TOW
       BGM-109	Tomahawk
--BH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Bharatoya Vayusena
       [India] Air Force.
BHELA
       [Spain] Battalon de Helicopteros de Ataque --- Battalion of attack
       helicopters. 
--BI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Big Belly
       [USA] Program to modify the B-52 to carry increased conventional bomb
       loads.
Big Bulge
       [NATO] Radar carried by the 'Bear-D'.
Big Bulge
       [NATO] Radar fitted to the Ka-25 'Hormone-B'.
Big Crow
       [USA] NKC-135A and NKC-135E, used to simulate enemy jamming
       during weapons tests. 
Big Eye
       [USA] Detachment of EC-121 AEW aircraft to Taiwan during the Vietnam
       war, in support of 'Rolling Thunder'.
Big Nose
       [NATO] Radar of the Tu-28P 'Fiddler'
Bigot
       [Allied] Security effort for Overlord. 
Big Safari
       [USA] Modification program of the Ryan Firebee target drone to create
       the Firefly recce drone.
Big Team
       [USA] The program for the RC-135B and RC-135C.
Bingo fuel
       Critical fuel level, usually fuel level necessary for return to base.
BIS
       [USA] Board of Inspection and Survey.
Biscay Cross
       [Germany] Nickname given to the cross-shaped antenna of the Naxos
       radar warning receiver, carried by U-boats.
Bison
       [NATO] Soviet Myasichew M-4 bomber.
BIT
       [USA] Built-In Test
BITE
       [USA] Built-In Test Equipment
--BJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--BK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
BK
       [Germany] Bordkanone
       BK 3,7	  37mm	clip-fed   180rds/min	 798m/s
       BK 5	  50mm		    50rds/min	 917m/s
       BK 7,5	  75mm				 933m/s
BKAV
       [USSR] Bureau of Commissars of Aviation and Aeronautics, created in
       1917.
--BL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Black Buck
       [UK] Attacks on Argentine positions on the Falkland Islands, flown
       by Vulcan bombers based on Ascension, with air refuelling.
       The Vulcan was refuelled six times, by a fleet of twelve Victor
       tankers. Results were minimal. 
Black Crow
       [USA] This equipment detects the ignition systems of piston
       engines. Fitted to AC-130 and AP-2H gunships.
Black Fly
       [USA] The Fairchild Sailwing drone.
Black Hole
       [USA] IR suppresion system, fitted to the exhaust stacks of the
       OH-58A.
Blackjack
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-160 bomber.
Black Light
       [USA] ARPA program, ?
Black Night
       [USA] Code name for the RB-57D high-altitude recce aircraft.
Black Shield
       [USA] Operations of the Lockheed A-12 (precursor of the SR-71) from
       Kadena, Japan.
Black Spot
       [USA] Sensor package fitted to the NC-123.
Black Velvet
       [USA] Radar absorbing paint used for the U-2R.
BLC
       Boundary Layer Control; a flow of pressured engine bleed air over
       the wing flaps and other lift surfaces, to keep the stalling speed
       down.
Blinder
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-22 / Tu-105 bomber.
Blind Logic
       [USA] Plan to support a new government in Panama with US military
       assistance. See also Prayer Book. 
Blowlamp
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-54 bomber.
BLT
       Battalion Landing Team
BLu/FAB
       [Belgium] Force Aerienne Belge / Belgische Luchtmacht. Belgian
       Air Force. Belgium is a bilingual (in fact, trilingual, but the
       German name is seldom used) country, hence the double name.
BLU
       [USA] Bomb Live Unit, subminution for cluster bombs or dispensers.
Blue Bird
       [USA] Boeing RC-135C, ELINT aircraft.
Blue Boar
       [UK] Nuclear weapon, a guided glide bomb with a television/command
       guidance system. Cancelled in 1954, in favour of the all-weather
       Blue Steel missile.
Blue Cradle
       [USA] Electronic warfare system, installed in the B-47s of SAC.
Blue Danube
       [UK] Nuclear bomb, a free-fall weapon. The codename refers to the
       bomb casing, the actual nuclear weapon in it was changed at least
       once.
Blue Devil
       [UK] Bomb sight.
Blue Eagle
       [USA] Boeing EC-135J, ABNCP aircraft.
Blue Flash
       [France] Delivery of refurbished Mirage III and V aircraft
       to Pakistan, 1998.
Blue Harrier
       [NATO] Exercise in minesweeping, 1994.
Blue Jay
       [UK] Original project name of the British 'Firestreak' AAM.
Blue Joker
       [UK] An experimental AEW system, a radar on a balloon tethered
       at 5000ft.
Blue Lagoon
       [UK] Development of infrared guidance systems for missiles.
       Lead to 'Blue Jay'. 
Blue Parrot
       [UK] Radar set, fitted to the Buccaneer strike aircraft.
Blue Rapier
       [UK] Bristol design in response to specification UB.109 for an
       unmanned, catapult-launched jet bomber, inspired by the V-1.
       Cancelled in 1953.
Blue Saga
       [UK] Radar warning receiver.
Blue Shadow
       [UK] Sideways-looking radar fitted to some Canberra reconnaissance
       aircraft.
Blue Sky
       [UK] Original project name of the British 'Fireflash' AAM.
Blue Spoon
       [USA] Plan for a military invasion of Panama. Later renamed Just
       Cause. See also Prayer Book. 
Blue Springs
       [USA] The 4080th SRW unit, equipped with Ryan 147 (AQM-34) recce
       drones and DC-130 drone control aircraft. 
Blue Steel
       [UK] Air-to-surface missile with a nuclear warhead (possibly 'Red
       Snow', see there). Just 50 in service in the 1962--1970 period.
       Unreliable, but accurate when it worked. Blue Steel was 35ft long
       aand weighed 17000lb. It flew at speeds up to Mach 2.5 and had a
       range of 180km.
Blue Streak
       [UK] Medium-range ballistic missile. Cancelled in 1960.
Blue Sword
       [NATO] Close air support operations for UN peace-keeping units in
       Bosnia, 1994.
Blue Team
       [USA] Helicopters carrying infantry. See 'Pink Team'.
Blue Water
       [UK] Tactical guided missile. Cancelled in 1962.
--BM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BMD
       [UK] Ballistic Missile Defence 
BMDO
       [USA] Ballistic Missile Defence Office. The less ambitious, lower cost
       follow-up of the SDI project.
BMEWS
       [USA] Ballistic Missile Early Warning System.
BMP
       [USSR] Lightly armoured infantyry transport vehicle, armed with a
       73mm gun. 
BMR
       [NATO] Basic Military Requirement
--BN-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
B/N
       [USA] Bombardier / Navigator
BNEP
       [USA] Basic Naval Establishment Plan
BnHATk
       [Belgium] Battalion of anti-tank helicopters.
BnHLn
       [Belgium] Battalion of liaison helicopters.
--BO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Boa
       [USA] Proposed upgrade of the AIM-9 to AIM-9X. The Boa concept
       used clipped fins .
Bob
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-4 bomber.
Bob	
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Aichi 97 seapleane. Did not exist.
Bob
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawasaki Ki.28 fighter
Bodenplatte
       [Germany] Last major attack of the Luftwaffe, 1 January 1945. 465
       allied aircraft were destroyed, most on the ground, but the German
       losses, 220, were irreplacable.
Bodyguard
       [Allied] Desinformation plan, introduced in 1943 to make the Germans
       believe that the invasion would be in Norway!
Bogey
       Unidentified aircraft
Bogohl
       [Germany] Bomben Geschwader der OHL. Bomber wing of the OHL.
       Created by reorganization of the 'Kagohln' in 1917.
BOL
       Bearing Only Launch
Bold Eagle
       [USA] Exercise : deployment to Egypt
Bold Falcon
       [NATO] TACEVAL exercise for RAF No.1 Squadron
Bold Journey
       [USA] Modification of the F-101 Voodoo to improve the control system.
Bolero
       [Allied] Codename for the buildup of US forces in Britain.
Bolo
       [USA] Operation in Vietnam, 2 January 1967, that ended with the
       shooting down of seven MiG-21s by F-4s.
Bolton
       [UK] Operations in the Gulf to control Iraq.
BOMI
       [USA] BOmber-MIssile. 1952 proposal for a stratospheric, Mach 4
       vehicle, powered by a two stage rocket, and with a range of
       5500km. This evolved into project MX-2276, a three-stage design
       with a range of 19600km.
Bookie Escort
       [USA] Air cover for transport aircraft on resupply missions.
Boot
       [UK-USA] Plan for a CIA-MI6 inspired coup in Iran. Dr. Mussadiq was
       replaced by Shah Reza Pahlavi. Renamed 'Ajax'.
Boot
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-91 bomber.
Boozer
       [UK] Series of radar warning receivers, developed during and
       after WWII. 
Bosta
       [Germany] Bomben Staffel. Bomber squadron.
Bosun
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-14 / Tu-89 bomber.
Bounder
       [NATO] Soviet Myasichew M-50 bomber.
Bout One
       [USA] Donation of ten P-51Ds to the Republic of Korea Air Force.
Bowery
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 9 May 1942.
Box Office
       [USA] Concept for an upgrade of the AIM-9 to AIM-9X. This
       proposal eliminated the canards in favour of all-moving
       tailfins, thus reducing drag and increasing range. Box Office 2
       introduced thrust vectoring. 
Box Tail
       [NATO] Tail warning radar fitted to the Tu-95 and the Tu-22M 
       'Backfire', replacing 'Bee Hind'.
Box Top
       [USA] Reconaissance missions over South-East Asia, flown by RB-47
       aircraft.
BOZ 100
       [UK] Decoy & chaff dispensing pod.
--BP-------------------------------------------------------------------------
BPC
       [France] Batallion Parachutiste de Choc
BPDMS
       [USA] Basic Point Defence Missile System
BPE
       [USA] Bomber Penetration Evaluations
BPI
       [USA] Boost Phase Intercept. Interception of a ballistic missile
       during its boost phase, i.e. while climbing and accelerating
       under power. 
BPK
       [USSR] Bol'shoy protivolodochniy korabl' (large anti-submarine ship)
BPR
       Bypass Ratio
--BQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BQ
       [USA] Unmanned aircraft carrying explosives. 
--BR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
BRAC
       [USA] Base Realignment And Closure
Brass Bell
       [USA] Design study, started in 1956, for a manned spaceplane, to
       fly reconnaissance missions. 
Brave Shield
       [USA] Exercise : deployment of forces to Egypt.
Brawn
       [UK] Carrier strike against the German battleship Tirpitz.
       Abandoned because of bad weather.
Brawny
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-40 bomber.
Brazo
       [USA] Project to develop an anti-radar version of the Sparrow
       missile. 1972.
BRDM
       [USA] USN: Floating Dry Dock
Brewer
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-28  bomber.
Briar Patch
       [USA] Boeing KC-135R, ELINT aircraft
Brieftauben Abteilung Ostende
       [Germany] 'Ostend Carrier Pigeon Detachment', cover name for a
       bomber group formed in 1914 to attack Britain.
Brigg
       [Germany] Receiver for Kogge.
Bright Star
       [USA] Exercise.
Bright Star
       [UK] IR floodlight, fitted to UK helicopters and used in
       combination with Night-Vision Goggles. 
Brilliant Foil
       [UK] Defence Exercise. 
BRK
       [USSR] Bol'shoy raketniy korabl' (large rocket ship)
BROACH
       [UK] Bomb Royal Ordnance Augmented CHarge. A small laser-guided
       bomb for use against hardened targets. 
Broad Jump
       [USA] Improvement program for the F-106. 1960 to 1963. Introduced
       an infrared seeker in front of the cockpit.
Broiler
       [USA] The 1947 warplan, assuming a war with the USSR.
Broussard
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-28 bomber (Renamed Brewer).
Brown Cradle
       [USA] Electronic warfare system, a version for TAC of the 'Blue
       Cradle' system used by SAC. Installed in B-66s. 
BRPL
       [USSR] Ballistichekaya raketa podvodnykh lodok - SLBM
Brussels Treaty
       [NATO] Defensive alliance of Belgium, Britain, France, the
       Netherlands and Luxemburg. 17 March 1948.
BRW
       Brake Release Weight. Maximum permitted weight at the start of
       take-off run.
--BS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BS
       [USA] Bombardment Squadron
       390th BS 'Crusaders'
       498th BS 'Falcons'
       499th BS 'Air Apaches'
       499th BS 'Bats Outta Hell'
       500th BS 'Rough Raiders'
       501th BS 'Black Panthers'
BS
       [USSR] Berezin Skorostrelnye --- Berezin Rapid-Firing gun. 12.7mm,
       1000rds/min, 860m/sec.
BSC
       Beam Steering Controller
BSD
       [USA] Ballistic Systems Division of the ARDC. 
BST
       British Summer Time
--BT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BT
       [USSR] Bazoviy tral'shchik (base minesweeper)
BT
       Bathythermograph.
BTDS
       [USA] Baseline Terminal Defense System. The 'Sentry' ABM missile.
BTO
       [USA] Bombing Trough Overcast, a WWII bombing radar.
--BU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Buccaneer
       [Allied] Naval operations off the coast of Burma, to conquer the
       Andaman islands. Cancelled.
Buccaneer
       [UK] Plan for an armed intervention in Iran, in 1951. The
       alternative plan "Midget" was chosen. 
Buck
       [NATO] Soviet Petlyakov Pe-2 bomber.
Bueffel
       [Germany] Withdrawal of Army Group Center, February 1943.
Buffalo
       [UK] First live drop of a 'Blue Danube' nuclear free-fall bomb.
       South Australia, October 1956.
Buffalo Hunter
       [USA] Ryan AQM-34L or M for low-altitude reconaissance.
BUIC
       [USA] Backup Interceptor Control
Bull
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-4 and Tu-80 bomber.
Bullet
       [USA] Attempt to set a transcontinental speed record with a F8U-1
       and an F8U-1P. John Glenn in the F8U-1P made it at an average speed
       of 1167km/h.
Bullet Shot
       [USA] Transfer of additional B-52s to South-East Asia, late 1972.
Bumblebee
       [USA] Programme to develop an shipboard SAM, started in 1945.
Bumble Bug
       [USA] Program that used RPVs in South-East Asia.
Bunsen
       [Allied] Bombing exercises, to study the accuracy and effectiveness of
       bombardments, prior to operation 'Overlord'. 26 April 1944.
BuOrd
       [USA] Bureau of Ordnance of the USN.
BUR
       Bottom-Up Review
Burney Gun
       [UK] Recoilless guns developed by Sir Denis Burney. Existed as
       3.45in, 3.7in, 95mm and 7.2in guns, with a lower muzzle velocity
       but a far more effective shell than conventional weapons. The
       3.45in was shoulder-held. They were too late to see service in WWII.
Burning Candy
       [USA] Operations of the Boeing RC-135M. From Yokota, Japan. 
Burza
       [Poland] 'Storm'. Action plan of the Polish 'internal army', for
       the Warsaw uprising of August 1944.
BUSANDA
       [USA] Bureau of Supplies and Accounts
Buster
       [USA] Attempt during the Korean War to develop a 'radar-busting'
       aircraft, based on the RB-26 Invader.
Busy Brewer
       [USA] Development of B-52s to Fairford, UK.
Busy Prairie II
       [USA] Exercise, 1981.
Butcher
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-82 bomber.
BuWeps
       [USA] Bureau of Weapons of the USN.
--BV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BVR
       Beyond Visual Range
BVVS
       [Bulgaria] Balgarskite Voennovasdushni Sily --- Bulgarian Air Force.
--BW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
BW
       [USA] Bombardment Wing
--BX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--BY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--BZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==C==========================================================================
C^2
       Command and Control
C^3
       Command, Control and Communications
C^3I
       Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence
C^3CM
       Command, Control and Communications Countermeasures
C^4I
       Command, Control, Communications, Computers and Intelligence
--CA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CA
       [USA] USN: Heavy Gun Cruiser (Traditionally, 'Heavy' cruisers are
       armoured, and Light Cruisers are not, relying on speed for protection.)
CA
       [UK] Controller Aircraft
CAA
       [UK] Civil Aviation Authority
CAA
       [USA] Civil Aeronautics Administration
CAAC
       [China] Civil Aviation Administration of China
CAALE
       [Italy] Centro Addestramento Aviazone Leggera dell'Esercito. Army
       light aviation centre, at Viterbo. 
Cab
       [NATO] Soviet Lisunov Li-2 transport aircraft.
CAB
       [USA] Civil Aeronautics Board
Cab Rank
       [Allied] System for forward air support. Ground-based units used
       radio equipment to call up attack aircraft on short notice.
CAD
       [UK] Concealed Approach and Departure
CADC
       [USA] Central Air Data Computer
Cadillac
       [USA] Development of an Airborne Early-Warning (AEW) radar, 
       initiated in February 1944 by the US Navy. Cadillac I established to
       suitability of aircraft for the Early-Warning role. Cadillac II was
       a flying CIC (combat information center). Cadillac III was the
       development of look-down radar systems. The associated aircraft
       were the TBM-3W, PB-1W and PO-1W.
CADIZ
       [Canada] Canadian Air Defence Identification Center
CADS
       [UK] Concealed Approach and Departure Points
CADWS
       Close Air Defense Weapon Systems
CAEO
       [France] Commandement Air en Extreme Orient --- Far East Air Command.
CAEWW
       [USA] Carrier Airborne Early Warning Wing
CAF
       [Canada] Canadian Armed Forces
CAFDA
       [France] Commandement Air des Forces de Defence Aerienne --
       Air Command of the Air Defence Forces.
CAFI
       [France] Composante Air des Forces d'Intervention -- Air component of
       the intervention force.
CAG
       [USA] Carrier Air Group (Commander)
CAG
       [USA] USN: Commander of Air Group
CAG
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Heavy Cruiser
CAH
       [USA] Through-deck cruiser, i.e. a small carrier with helicopters and
       VTOL aircraft, like the British HMS Invincible.
CAI
       [Italy] Corpo Aero Italiano. Units of Italian air forces,
       participating in the Battle of Britain. 
CAINS
       [USA] Carrier Airborne Inertial Navigation System
CALCM
       [USA] Conventional ALCM.
Calendar
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 20 April 1942.
CALF
       [USA] Common Affordable Lightweight Fighter. Demands for a light 
       (24000lb) STOVL fighter aircraft, to enter service early in the 
       21th century. Combined with the ASTOVL project at the insistence
       of the US Congress.
Calliope
       [Allied] Rocket battery, carried on top of Sherman tanks.
CAMAL
       [USA] A Continuous Airborne alert, Missile-launching Aircraft with Low
       level penetration capability. The acronym doesn't mention the most
       important part: CAMAL was going to have nuclear jet engines.
       Cancelled in 1961.
Camber
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-86 transport aircraft.
Camel
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-104 transport aircraft.
Camel Hump
       [USA] Operations by U-2R from Taif, Saudi-Arabia, monitoring Iraq
       after the Gulf War.
Camp
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-8 transport aircraft.
CANA
       [Argentina] Comando de Aviacion Naval Argentina -- Argentine Naval
       Aviation Command.
Candid
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-76 transport aircraft.
CANEL
       [USA] Connecticut Aircraft Nuclear Engine Laboratory
CAP
       Combat Air Patrol
Capital
       [Allied] Plan for an attack in Burma, late in 1944. Changed to
       create 'Extended Capital'.
CAR
       Civil Airworthiness Regulation
Careless
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-154 transport aircraft.
CarGru
       [USA] Carrier Group
Carolina Moon
       [USA] Attempt to use the C-130 for the bombing of bridges in
       Vietnam.
Carpetbaggers
       [Allied] (Unofficial?) Operations of aircraft to carry supplies and
       personnel to resistance groups in occupied Europe, during WWII.
CARQUAL
       [USA] Carrier Qualification
Cart
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-70 transport aircraft.
Carte Blanche
       [NATO] Exercise, held in June 1955, to evaluate the air force
       alert plans for the event of atomic war. 
Carthage
       [UK] Attack on the Gestapo HQ in Copenhagen, in October 1944.
Cartwheel
       [Allied] Plan for operations against the Japanese base in Rabaul,
       1943.
CAS
       Close Air Support
CAS
       Calibrated AirSpeed --- IAS corrected for system errors.
CAS
       Chief of Air Staff
CAS
       Collision Avoidance System
CASEVAC
       Casualty Evacuation
CASF
       [USA] Composite AIr Strike Force.
Cash
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-28 transport aircraft.
CASOM
       [UK] Conventionally-Armed Stand-Off Missile
CASREP
       [USA] Casualty Report
CASS
       [USA] Command-Active Sonobouy System
Cast
       [USA] Unit that tested an AEW radar (see Cadillac) on an XTBM-3E.
Castor
       [France] The fight at Dien Bien Phu, Vietnam.
CASTOR
       [UK] Corps Airborne Stand-Off Radar. Later renamed ASTOR.
Castor Oil
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1970.
Cat
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-10 transport aircraft.
CAT
       Clear Air Turbulence.
CAT
       [USA] Civil Air Transport. Company created by C. L. Chennault,
       former head of the AVG ("Flying Tigers") and the 14th US Air
       Force. CAT was deeply involved with the fight against communism
       in China and  Indochina, and was finally taken over by the CIA. 
CATac
       [France] Commandement Aerienne Tactique, tactical air command.
Catapult
       [UK] British attempt to disable the remains of the French fleet, July
       1940.
CATCS
       [UK] Central Air Traffic Control School
CATGME
       [Canada] Canadian Air Task Group Middle East.
Cat House
       [NATO] Radar associated with ABM-1.
CATRE
       [France] Centre Aerien Technique de Reception et d'Entrainement.
Cat's Eyes
       [UK] Night vision goggles, that use combination optics to
       overly the IR image and the natural vision. 
Causeway
       [USA] Plan for invasion of Formosa, 1944. Abandoned.
CAVOK
       Ceiling And Visibility OK
--CB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CB
       [USA] Construction Battalion
CB
       [USA] USN: Large Cruiser
CBAS
       [UK] Commando Brigade Air Squadron. Air component of the Royal
       Marine Commandos. 
CBDE
       [UK] Chemical Biological Defence Establishment
CBE
       [UK] Central Bomber Establishment
CBI
       [Allied] China-Burma-India, an operational sector of the Allied forces
       in WWII.
CBI
       Computer Based Instruction
CBLS
       [UK] Carrier, Bomb, Light Store
CBMU
       Construction Battalion, Maintenance Unit
CBO
       [Allied] Combined Bomber Offensive
CBO
       [USA] Congressional Budget Office.
CBR
       [USA] Chemical/Biological/Radioactive Weapons
CBR
       California Bearing Ratio --- measure for the wheel pressure an
       airfield surface will sustain.
CBR
       Common Bomb Rack
CBU
       Cluster Bomb Unit
CBW
       Chemical and Biological Warfare
--CC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CC
       [USA] USN: Tactical Command Ship
CCA
       Carrier Controlled Approach
CCA
       Command and Control Agency
CCF
       [UK] Combined Cadet Corps
CCIL
       Continously-Computed Impact Line
CCIP
       Continously-Computed Impact Point
CCIR
       Commander's Critical Information Requirement
CCS
       [Allied] Combined Chiefs of Staff. In Allied WWII parlance,
       a "joint" committee was a national inter-service organisation,
       and a "combined" committee was an inter-allied organisation. 
CCT
       Combat Control Team
CCTS
       [USA] Combat Crew Training Squadron
CCTW
       [USA] Combat Crew Training Wing
CCV
       [USA] Control Configured Vehicle, a test program that involved
       aircraft with additional control surfaces. At least a B-52, a
       F-104 and an F-16 were modified.
--CD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
CDA
       [USA] Concept Demonstrator Aircraft
CDA
       [UK] Center for Defence Analysis
CDC
       [UK] Cabinet Defence Committee
CDM
       Creep Damage Monitor
CDP
       [USA] Concept Demonstrator Programme
CDR
       [USA] Critical Design Review
CDU
       Control and Display Unit
--CE-------------------------------------------------------------------------
CEA
       [France] Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique --- Atomic Energy
       Commission. 
CEAA
       [France] Commandement des Ecoles de l'Armee de l'Air ---- Air training
       command of the French airforce.
CEAM
       [France] Centre d'Experimentations Aeriennes Militaires --- 
       Military aeronautical experiments center. Mont-de-Marsan, 
       France.
CEAT
       [France] Centre d'Essais Aeronautiques de Toulouse
CECAT
       [USA] Combat Enhancing Capability Aviation Team
Cedar
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Tachikawa Ki.17 trainer
Cefirm Leader
       [USA] RU-21 mission.
Cefly Lancer
       [USA] Electronic intelligence mission, flown by the RU-21J.
CEL
       [France] Centre d'Essais des Landes  -- Landes test centre.
CEM
       [USA] Combined Effect Munition. BLU-97/B cluster bomb.
CEM
       [USA] Conventional Enhancement Modification. Upgrade for the
       B-52H.
CEMA
       [France] Centre d'Essais des Materiels Aeriens --- Center for 
       testing of airborne equipment. 
CENTAG
       [NATO] Central Army Group
CENTCOM
       [USA] Central Command
CENTO
       Central Treaty Organisation
Central Enterprise
       [USA] Excercise mission to Southern Europe.
Central Exercise
       [USA] Exercise in central Europe.
CEP
       Circular Error Probability, the radius within which 50% of the launched
       weapons hit.
CEPA
       [France] Commission d'Etudes Pratiques. Practical trials
       committee. At Saint-Raphael
CEPE
       [Canada] Canadian Experimental Proving Establishment
CERALI
       [France] Center of intergrated logistics for the Dassault Rafale.
Cerberus
       [Germany] Jamming Pod
CEV
       [France] Centre d'Essais en Vol. Flight test center. Istres, France.
CEVSV
       [France] Centre d'Entrainement en Vol Sans Visibility -- IFR training
       centrum.
--CF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CFB
       [Canada] Canadian Force Base
CFC
       Carbon Fibre Composites
CFDS
       Centralized Fault Display System
CFE
       Conventional armed Forces in Europe treaty -- a force reduction
       treaty.
CFE
       [UK] Central Fighter Establishment
CFE
       Contractor-Furnished Equipment
CFE
       [USA] Coalition Forces Enhancement. Scheme to sell old F-16As to
       the allies, and use the profits to buy new F-16Cs for the USAF.
       Didn't work.
C-FIN
       [USA] Combat Flight Inspection and Navigation
CFIT
       Controlled Flight Into Terrain
CFRP
       Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics
CFS
       [UK] Central Flying School
CFSSAR
       [Canada] Canadian Forces School of Survival And Rescue.
--CG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CG
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Cruiser
CG
       Centre of Gravity
CGAS
       [USA] Coast Guard Air Station
CGAW
       [USA] Coast Guard Airborne Warning squadron
CGH
       [USA] Light aircraft carrier / aviation cruiser, a cruiser carrying
       missiles, helicopters and possible VSTOL aircraft.
CGM
       [USA] Missile.  
       CGM-13  Mace
CGN
       [USA] USN: Nuclear-powered Guided Missile Cruiser
--CH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAALS
       [USA] "Communication High Accuracy Airborne Location System" - the 
       COMINT system onboard the GRCS RC-12s
Charger
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-144 transport aircraft.
Chariot
       [UK] Commando raid on St. Nazaire, France, to destroy the dry-dock.
       This was the only one outside Germany large enough for the
       'Tirpitz'. 28 March 1942.
Charlie
       [NATO] Submarine class.
Chattanooga (Choo-Choo)
       [USA] Attacks on trains, during WWII.
Chel Ha'Avir
       [Israel] Name of the Air Force / Isreali Defence Forces from 1948
       to 1951.
Cherry
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Yokosuka H5Y flying boat.
CHG
       [USA] USN: Helicopter cruiser with guided missile armament.
Chicago
       [Allied] Airborne operation on D-day, by the 101st Airborne in the
       US sector.
Chicken Little
       [USA] Preparations for the Re-entry into atmosphere of the Skylab
       space laboratory.
ChiCom
       Chinese Communist
Chive
       [UK] Non-stop flight by Gloster Javelin fighters from UK to
       Malaysia. 1964.
CHLES
       [France] Compagnie d'Helicopteres Legers d'Evacuation Sanitaire. 
       This was the first French helicopter unit; a company of light
       helicopters of the Army, operating in the casualty evacuation
       role. 
Chowhound
       [USA] Contribution of the 8th Air Force  to operation 'Manna' (which
       to see).
Chrom
       [USSR] Interrogation component of the Chrom/Nikel IFF system.
Chung-kuo Kung Chuan
       [Taiwan] Chinese Nationalist Air Force.
Church Bell
       [USA] Modification program for the T-28B trainer for combat use
       in Vietnam. 
Chutai
       [Japan] Squadron. 6 to 9 aircraft for the Navy, 9 to 12 for the
       Army. 
--CI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CIA
       [USA] Central Intelligence Agency
CIC
       [USA] Combat Information Centre
CIEH
       [France] Centre d'Instruction des Equipages d'Helicopeteres.
       Helicopter aircrew training center.
CIFAS
       [France] Centre d'Instruction de Force Aerienne Stragique -- training
       center of the strategic air force
CIGS
       [UK] Chief of the Imperial General Staff
CILOP
       [USA] Conversion In Lieu of Procurement                    
CIM
       [USA] Coffin launched Intercept Missile. A surface-to-air missile
       that is fired for a horizontally stored box.
       CIM-10  Bomarc
CINC
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief
CINCAIR
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Air Base
CINCLANT
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Atlantic Forces
CINCNAVBASE
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Naval Base
CINCNAVSURFLANT
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Naval Surface Fleet, Atlantic
CINCNORNAVEUR
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Northern Naval Forces in Europe
CINCPAC
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Pacific
CINCPACAF
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Air Force
CINCPACFLT
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Fleet
CINCSAC
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Strategic Air Command
CINCSEURCOM
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, Southern Europe Command
CINCSOUTH
       [NATO] Commander-in-Chief, Allied Forces Southern Europe
CINCUSNAVEUR
       [USA] Commander-in-Chief, US Navy in Europe
CIRSTEL
       [South Africa] Combined Infra-Red Suppressions and Tail rotor
       Elimination System. Developed by Denel, this is similar to
       McDonnell Douglas' NOTAR system.
CIS
       Commonwealth of Independent States
CIS
       Cooperative Independent Surveillance. Tracking aircraft by
       making them send their position data by a satellite link. 
CIT
       Combined Interrogator-Transponder
CIWS
       Close-In Weapons System
--CJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CJTF
       [USA] Combined Joint Task Force
--CK-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
--CL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
CL
       [USA] USN: Light Cruiser
CLAA
       [USA] USN: Light Anti-Aircraft Cruiser
CLEAX
       [Spain] Centro Logistico de Armamento y Experimentacion -- 
       Logistical center for armament and testing. 
Clam
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-18, renamed Coot.
Clam Pipe
       [NATO] Nose radar fitted to the Tu-95MS Bear-H
Clank
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-30 transport aircraft.
Clara
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Tachikwawa Ki.70 reconaissance aircraft.
Clarion
       [Allied] Offensive against communications centres and transport in
       Germany, 22 February 1945.
Classic
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-62 transport aircraft.
Claude
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi A5M fighter.
Claymore
       [UK] Commando raid on the Lofoten islands, 2 March 1941.
CLBRP
       [USA] Cannon-Launched Beam-Rider Projectile.
CLC
       [USA] USN: Task Fleet Command Ship
CLDP
       Convertible Laser Designator Pod
Cleat
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-114 transport aircraft.
CLG
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Light Cruiser
CLGN
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Light Cruiser, nuclear-powered
CLGP
       Cannon-Launched Guided Projectile
Cline
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-32 transport aircraft.
CLK
       [USA] USN: Hunter-Killer Cruiser
Clobber
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-42 transport aircraft.
Clod
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-14 transport aircraft.
Clog
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-28 (?) transport aircraft.
--CM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CMCA
       [USA] Cruise Missile Carrier Aircraft
CMMCA
       [USA]  Cruise Missile Mission Control Aircraft. EC-135 and EC-18
       aircraft used to control cruise missiles during tests. 
CMS
       Cockpit Managment System
CMT
       Cadmium Mercury Telluride. A common material for IR detectors.
--CN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
CNAD
       [NATO] Conference of National Armament Directors
CNATRA
       [USA] Chief of Naval Air Training
CNI
       Communications, Navigation and Identification
CNO
       [USA] Chief of Naval Operations.
--CO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CO
       Commanding Officer
Coach
       [NATO] Soviet Ilysuhin Il-12 transport aircraft.
Coaler
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-72 transport aircraft.
Cobra
       [Allied] Concentrated air attack on a 6 by 12 km sector near St. Lo,
       to create a gap in the German lines. 25 July 1944.
Cobra Ball
       [USA] Boeing RC-135S, equipped to monitor missile tests. 
Cobra Dane
       [USA] Large phased-array adar on the island Shemya, one
       of the Aleutians. Used to monitor Soviet missile tests. 
Cobra Eye
       [USA] Boeing RC-135X, a modified RC-135S for TELINT missions. 
Cobra Judy
       [USA] Phased array radar installed on a USN ship, to monitor
       missile tests. 
COC
       Command Operations Centre, or Combined Operations Centre
Cock
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-22 transport aircraft.
COCOM
       COordinating COMmittee, for export restrictions
COD
       Carrier Onboard Delivery -- aircraft designed to deliver goods to
       carriers, but not necessarily carrier-based.
Codling
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-40 transport aircraft.
COE
       [UK] Combined Operations Executive
COEA
       Cost and Operational Effectiveness Analysis
C of A
       Certificate of Airworthiness
COFA
       [Portugal] Comando Operacional da Forca Aerea. Operational
       commmand of the air force. 
COFAS
       [France] Centre d'Operations des FAS. Operational center of the
       Strategic air forces.
COIN
       COunter-INsurgency. Anti-guerilla warfare.
Coke
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-24 transport aircraft.
Cold Chuck
       [USA] RB-57F mission.
Cold Dome
       [USA] RB-57F mission.
Cold Fire
       [NATO] Exercise, 1984, in Germany.
Cold Flare
       [USA] Study of solar flare activity at high altitude, in preparation
       for polar or high-altitude supersonic flights.
Cold Hunt
       [USA] Missions in support of the ALOC project.
Cold Rap
       [USA] NASA earth resources study.
Cold Speck
       [USA] RB-57F mission.
College Eye
       [USA] Modified EC-121D AEW aircraft, with equipment of the EC-121M
       'Rivet Top' version.
Collins
       [USA] Combat evaluation of in-flight refuelling during the Korean
       war. The project was named after Capt. Collins. Project Collins
       used B-29s and F-80s, later also F-84s. In 1951 it was renamed
       High Tide. 
Colmar
       [Germany] Radio guidance receiver, used with Kehl. Fitted to Hs 298.
COLREGS
       International Nautical rules.
Colt
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-2 transport aircraft.
COMAIRBASE
       [USA] Commander of Air Base
COMAIRPAC
       [USA] Commander, Air Forces, Pacific Fleet
COMAO
       [USA] Combined Air Operations
COMAR
       [Brazil] Comando Aero Regional -- Regional Air Command
Combat Angel
       [USA] Programme that used the Ryan AQM-34G, J and H RPV's.
Combat Apple
       [USA] Boeing RC-135M (SIGINT aircraft) operations over Vietnam.
       'Combat Apple' required a RC-135 to be in the air continuously
       over the Gulf of Tonkin. RC-135s flying 19-hr missions continued
       this for four years. After 1972 the RC-135s also flew over Laos.
Combat Beef
       [USA] See Beef Broth.
Combat Bronco
       [USA] Six-month combat evaluation of the Rockwell OV-10 Bronco in
       Vietnam, from August 1968.
Combat Bullseye
       [USA] Service tests with the F-111A. 1967
Combat Dawn
       [USA] Programme that used the Ryan AQM-34Q and R high-altitude
       reconaissance drones.
Combat Echo
       [USA] Life missile firing exercises for USAF fighters. 
Combat Hornet
       [USA] Project to convert C-119's to gunships.
Combat Lancer
       [USA] First deployment of F-111As to Southeast Asia, 1968.
Combat Lightning
       [USA] Boeing KC-135A relay aircraft, equipped with radio receivers
       and transmitters to assure communications. The electronics package
       could easily be transferred from one KC-135 to another.
Combat Martin
       [USA] This involved specially-equipped F-105's that jammed
       communications between Nort Vietnamese MiG's and their
       ground control.
Combat Pink
       [USA] Boeing RC-135U, SIGINT aircraft.
Combat Sent
       [USA] Boeing RC-135U, SIGINT aircraft.
Combat Shadow
       [USA] The HC-130N and HC-130P rescue versions of the C-130.
Combat Talon
       [USA] Versions of the C-130 for the Special Forces, equipped for
       low-altitude deep-penetration missions.
Combat Tree
       [USA] Provision of a special attachment for ECM gear on
       F-4 Phantom IIs, to keep all other pylons available for the
       weapons load. 1968.
Combined Rescue
       [NATO] Rescue exercise. 
COMED
       [UK] COmbined Map and Electronic Display
Comet
       [Allied] Codename used during the planning of 'Market Garden', see
       there.
Comet
       [Allied] Escape route for aircrews, through Belgium and France. 
Comfy Levi
       [USA] Psychological warfare version of the C-130 Hercules. EC-130E.
COMINT
       Communications Intelligence
COMIREX
       [USA] Committee on Imagery Requirements and Exploitation. Sets
       specifications for spy sattelites and the like.
Commando Buzz
       [USA] The EC-121S.
Commando Hunt
       [USA] Attacks on North-Vietnamese supply lines in the south of Laos.
Commando Lava
       [USA] Attempt to use the C-130 for attacks on the Ho CHi Minh trail
       in Vietnam, with the goal of turning it into mud.
Commando Martin
       [USA] Modification of F-105F two-seat fighter-bombers to single-
       seat aircraft with communications jamming equipment. 
Commando Nail
       [USA] F-105's equipped for low-level night bombardment missions.
COMMERMARLANT
       [USA] Commander, Merchant Marine Atlantic
Common Cause
       [USA] Monitoring flights over Cuba, after the 1962 missile crisis. 
Common Energy
       [NATO] Exercise in long-range air operations. Belgian F-16s and C-130s
       exercise, with the help of USAF KC-10 tankers, attacks in bases in
       Spain. 1994.
COMNATONAVFORLANT
       [USA] Commander, NATO Naval Baltic Forces
COMNAVAIRSTA
       [USA] Commander, Naval Air Station
COMNAVBASE
       [USA] Commander, Naval Base
COMNAVSURFLANT
       [USA] Commander of the Naval Surface Force, Atlantic fleet
COMO
       [UK] Commercially Owned, Military Operated
Compass
       [UK] First British offensive against the Italians in North
       Africa. 
Compass Arrow
       [USA] Ryan AQM-91A, a high-flying reconaissance drone.
Compass Bin
       [USA] Program that used a series of Ryan RPV's, the types AQM-34G, H,
       L, M, K, Q, P and R.
Compass Call
       [USA] Lockheed EC-103E and EC-130H electronic warfare aircraft. The
       Compass Call aircraft are used to disrupt enemy communications and
       command.
Compass Cookie
       [USA] Program to gather data on the SA-2 Guideline SAM missile by
       unmanned recconaissance drones, Ryan model 124.
Compass Cope
       [USA] A high-altitude long-range reconaissance RPV programme. Boeing
       QM-94 and Ryan QM-98. Cancelled.
Compass Dawn
       [USA] Program to locate ground-based enemy radars. Used the Ryan 147TE
       RPV.
Compass Dwell
       [USA] Program to locate ground-based enemy radars. Used the Ryan 147TE
       drone.
Compass Robin
       [USA] The AQM-34M(L) drone.
COMPATWINGSLANT
       [USA] Commander, Patrol WIngs Atlantic
COMPG
       [USA] Composite Group
COMRATS
       [USA] Commuted Rations
COMSEC
       Communications Security
COMSECONDFLT
       [USA] Commander of the Second Fleet
COMSTRKFORLANT
       [USA] Commander, Strike Force Atlantic
COMSUBGRP
       [USA] Commander, Submarine Group
COMSUBLANT
       [USA] Commander, the Submarine Forces, Atlantic Fleet
COMSUBPAC
       [USA] Commander, Submarine Forces, Pacific Fleet
COMSUBRON
       [USA] Commander, Submarine Squadron
COMSURFPAC
       [USA] Commander, Surface Forces, Pacific Fleet
Conckernut
       [UK] Rocket-propelled aircraft bomb, filled with 137lb of explosives.
       Proved inpractical as a weapon against concrete fortifications, because
       of its inaccuracy.
Condor
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-124 transport aircraft.
Consol
       Radio naviagtion aid. A Consol beacon transmits waves with pulse
       characteristics depending on their direction. Consol is crude,
       but has long range and requires no special equipment other than
       a radio and a special map. 
Constant Guard
       [USA] Reinforcement of tactical air forces in Vietnam, 1972.
CONT
       [USA] USN: Container Ship
CONUS
       [USA] Continental United States
CONVEX
       [UK] CONVersion EXercise. First part of the advanced training
       course. 
Cook-Craigie plan
       [USA] The Cook-Craigie production plan intended to hasten service
       entry of new aircraft by building the prototypes on actual production
       lines, and incorporating any modifications while the production was
       already running. It was troublesome because a large number of
       unsuitable aircraft were delivered, and very costly if the aircraft
       had to be completely redesigned, as was the case with the F-102 and
       F-105.
Cooker
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-110 transport aircraft.
Cookpot
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-124 transport aircraft.
COOP
       [USA] Craft-Of-Opportunity Program
Cooperative Bridge
       [NATO] Small excercise for NATO and PFP partners. C.B.'94 was held
       in Poznan, Poland.
Cooperative Key
       [NATO] Excercise of NATO and PFP partners. In 97 this was held in
       Slovakia. 
Cooperative Spider
       [NATO] Excercise in Holland for NATO and PFP partners. 1994.
Cooperative Venture
       [NATO] Excercise in the North Sea for NATO and PFP partners. 1994.
Coot
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-18 and Il-20 transports.
Copper Canyon
       [USA] Research programme into hypersonic aircraft.
Copperhead
       [USA] Development of a cannon-launched missile with terminal laser
       guidance.
Corail
       [France] Chaff and flare dispenser.
Cordage
       [UK] Plan for operations against Isreal, in the event of an
       Israeli attack on Jordan. mid-1950s.
CORDS
       [USA] Coherent On-Receive Doppler System. Look-down radar system, to
       be incorporated in the AN/APQ-120 radar, but cancelled in 1968.
Cork
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-16 transport aircraft.
Corona
       [UK] Electronic warfare effort during WWII. Operators gave false
       instructions to German nightfighter pilots. 
Corona
       [USA] Early series of CIA-developed photography sattelites. 
Coronet
       [USA] Plan for the invasion of the Japanese island of Honshu. 1945.
Coronet Cove
       [USA] Deployment of te A-7D to Howard AFB, Panama.
Coronet Havoc
       [USA] Deployment of F-117's to Gilze-Rijen in the Netherlands.
Coronet Sandpiper
       [USA] Deployment of F-15A's to Soesterberg AB, Netherlands.
Coronet Solo
       [USA] Coronet Solo I: The EC-121S surveillance version of the
       C-121 Constellation; Coronet Solo II: The EC-130E.
Corporate
       [UK] British operation to retake the Falkland islands on Argentina,
       in 1982. The term 'Corporate Mod' is used for changes that were 
       applied -- in a hurry -- to increase combat readiness. E.g. the
       Harrier GR.3 was given AIM-9 Sidewinder capability in one month.
Corvus
       [USA] Missile project, cancelled in 1960. Intended as stand-off attack
       missile for carrier aircraft.
CoS
       Chief-of-Staff
COSSAC
       [Allied] Chief of Staff Allied Supreme Headquarters
Cossack
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-225 transport aircraft.
CoTAM
       [France] Commandement du Transport Aerien Militaire -- Military air
       transport command.
COTAWS
       [USA] Collision and Obstacle / Terrain Avoidance Warning System.
       "Obstacle" includes power lines and such. 
COTS
       Commercial Off-The-Shelf
Cotton Candy
       [USA] Boeing RC-135D, equipped with side-looking airborne radar. 
Cover All
       [USA] Boeing EC-135A and EC-135L, ALCC and ABNCP aircraft.
--CP-------------------------------------------------------------------------
CP
       Command Post
CPA
       [USA] Central Pacific Area
CPGS
       Cassette Preparation Ground Station. 
CPI
       Crash Position Indicator
CPILS
       Correlation Protected ILS
CPIR
       [France] Centre de Prediction et INstruction Radar
CPL
       Commercial Pilot's Licence
CPT
       Cockpit Procedural Trainer
CP/VC
       [Belgium] Centre de perfectionnement / Vervolmakingscentrum -- 
       advanced training centre.
--CQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
--CR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
CR
       [USA] Control and Reporting
CR
       [Spain] Combat Ready
CRAF
       [USA] Civilian Reserve Air Fleet; airliners that have special equipment
       and can be used for military transport operations.
CRALAT
       [France] Compagnie de Reparation de l'ALAT. Repair Company of the
       ALAT --- the light aviation of the army. 
CRAS
       [France] Centre de Reception des Avions de Serie --- Center for the 
       reception of series-built aircraft.
Crate
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-14 transport aircraft.
Crazy Dog
       [USA] RU-21 mission.
Crazy Hawk
       [USA] The ARL-M ("Multifunction Airborne Reconnaisance-Low") - Army
       INSCOM improved RC-7B with COMINT/DF/IMINT all on the same aircraft. 
Crazy Horse
       [USA] Mine sweeping exercise, off Spezia, Italy. 1978.
Crazy Horse
       [USA] INSCOM airborne intelligence program, possibly based on
       De Havilland Dash-7s.  Flew out of Panama.  Probably no
       longer active.
Crazy Panther
       [USA] Renamed Fulcrum Ghost. 
CRC
       [NATO] Control and Reporting Center
CRE
       [UK] Commander of the Royal Engineers
Credible Chase
       [USA] Development programme of the AU-23 and AU-24 small gunships.
Credible Sport
       [USA] Version of the C-130 for special operations, modified for
       the use of very short runways. 
Creek
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-12 transport aircraft.
Crew Chief
       [USA] Research project on the ergonomics of cockpits.
Crib
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-6 and Yak-8 transport aircraft.
CRL
       Common Rail Launcher
CRO
       [UK] Civilian Repair Organization. Set up during WWII to repair
       aircraft damaged in combat.
Crossbow
       [Allied] Attacks on V-1 and V-2 launching sites.
Crow
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-10 and Yak-12 transport aircraft.
Crown Drum
       [NATO] Nose radar of the Tu-95 'Bear-B'
CRP
       [USA] Control and Reporting Post
CRT
       Cathode Ray Tube
CRUD
       [USA] Corrosive, Radioactive, Undetermined Deposit
Crusty
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-134 transport aircraft.
--CS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CS
       [USA] Seaplane Tender (WW2)
CS
       [USA] Strike cruiser (post WW2)
CS
       [USA] Commisaryman
CSA
       [USA] Combat Support Aircraft. Also: Command Support Aircraft
CSA
       [USA] Common Support Aircraft. Requirement by the USN for a single
       aircraft type to replace all its support aircraft.
CSAF
       Czechoslovakian Air Force
CSAR
       Combat Search And Rescue
CSAS
       Combat Stability Augmentation System
C-Scan
       [USA] Carrier System for Controlled Approach of Naval Aircraft.
       A microwave landig system for aircraft carriers. 
CSD
       Constant Speed Drive
CSDU
       [UK] Constant Speed Drive Unit. Used to drive AC alternators, to get
       AC current with a fixed frequency.
CSG
       Computer Symbol Generator
CSIRS
       Covert Survivable In-Weather Reconiassance/Strike. Claimed development
       project that created the TR-3A stealth recce aircraft and the F-117.
CSMP
       [USA] USN: Current Ship's Maintenance Project
CSMU
       Crash Survivable Memory Unit
CSRL
       [USA] Common Strategic Rotary Launchers, launchers that can accept
       both ALCM and SRAM.
CSS
       [USA] Central Security Service. Part of NSA responsible for
       cryptograpy. 
CSW
       [USA] Conventional Standoff Weapon.
--CT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CT
       Case-Telescoped, a round that contains the bullet withing the
       cartridge, to have a compact, cilindrical round.
CTA
       Case-Telescoped Ammunition
CTB
       [France] Centre du Tir et de Bombardment --- Gunnery and
       Bombardment Center at Cazaux, France.
CTD
       Colour Tactical Display
CTE
       [USA] Commander, Task Element
CTF
       [USA] Commander, Task Force
CTF
       [USA] Combined Test Force
CTG
       [USA] Commander, Task Group
CTO
       [UK] Chief Technical Officer
CTOL
       Conventional Take Off and Landing
CTP
       Chief Test Pilot
CTS
       [USA] Composite Training Squadron
CTS
       Central Tactical System
CTTO
       [UK] Central Tactics and Trials Organisation
CTU
       [USA] Commander, Task Unit
--CU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Cub
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-10 and An-12 transport aircraft.
Cuff
       [NATO] Soviet Beriev Be-30 transport aircraft.
Culverin
       [UK] Planned landing in Sumatra, end of 1943. Cancelled.
Cupola
       [NATO] First large NATO air exercise in Europe, 25-27 August 1950.
Curl
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-26 transport aircraft.
CURV
       [USA] Cable-controlled Underwater Research Vehicle
Cutter
       [USA] First part of operation 'Strangle' in Korea: attacks on
       the railroad system in north Korea.
--CV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CV
       [USA] Aircraft Carrier, conventional power. Numbers are unique for
	     ships, names are not; CV-5 Yorktown and CV-10 Yorktown are
	     different ships, but CV-12 'Kearsage' and 'Hornet' indicates
	     that the ship was renamed. Double class names (Essex, Oriskany)
	     identify a modification.
       CV-1   Langley		       (Langley)
       CV-2   Lexington 	       (Lexington)
       CV-3   Saratoga		       (Lexington)
       CV-4   Ranger		       (Ranger)
       CV-5   Yorktown		       (Enterprise)
       CV-6   Enterprise	       (Enterprise)
       CV-7   Wasp		       (Ranger, modified)
       CV-8   Hornet		       (Enterprise, modified)
       CV-9   Essex		       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-10  Bonhomme Richard	       (Essex)
       CV-10  Yorktown		       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-11  Intrepid		       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-12  Kearsage		       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-12  Hornet		       (Essex)
       CV-13  Franklin		       (Essex)
       CV-14  Hancock		       (Essex)
       CV-14  Ticonderoga	       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-15  Randolph		       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-16  Cabot		       (Essex)
       CV-16  Lexington 	       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-17  Bunker Hill	       (Essex)
       CV-18  Oriskany		       (Essex)
       CV-18  Wasp		       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-19  Ticonderoga	       (Essex)
       CV-19  Hancock		       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-20  Bennington	       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-21  Boxer		       (Essex)
       CV-22  Independence	       (Independence)
       CV-23  Princeton 	       (Independence)
       CV-24  Belleau Wood	       (Independence)
       CV-25  Cowpens		       (Independence)
       CV-26  Monterey		       (Independence)
       CV-27  Crow Point	       (Independence)
       CV-27  Langley		       (Independence)
       CV-28  Cabot		       (Independence)
       CV-29  Bataan		       (Independence)
       CV-30  Reprisal		       (Independence)
       CV-30  San Jacinto	       (Independence)
       CV-31  Bonhomme Richard	       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-32  Crown Point	       (Essex)
       CV-32  Leyte		       (Essex)
       CV-33  Kearsage		       (Essex)
       CV-34  Oriskany		       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-35  Reprisal		   (Cancelled)
       CV-36  Antietam		       (Essex)
       CV-37  Valley Forge	       (Essex)
       CV-37  Princeton 	       (Essex)
       CV-38  Shangri-La	       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-39  Lake Champlain	       (Essex, Oriskany)
       CV-40  Tarawa		       (Essex)
       CV-41  Midway		       (Midway)
       CV-42  Franklin D. Roosevelt    (Midway)
       CV-43  Coral Sea 	       (Midway)
       CV-45  Valley Forge	       (Essex)
       CV-46  Iwo Jima
       CV-47  Wright		       (Essex)
       CV-47  Phillipine Sea	       (Essex)
       CV-59  Forrestal 	       (Forrestal)
       CV-60  Saratoga		       (Forrestal)
       CV-61  Ranger		       (Forrestal)
       CV-62  Independence	       (Forrestal)
       CV-63  Kitty Hawk	       (Kitty Hawk, improved Forrestal)
       CV-64  Constellation	       (Kitty Hawk, improved Forrestal)
       CV-66  America		       (Kitty Hawk, improved Forrestal)
       CV-67  John F. Kennedy	       (John F. Kennedy, improved Kitty Hawk)
CVA
       [USA] Attack carrier
       CVA-11 Intrepid
       CVA-14 Ticonderoga
       CVA-19 Hancock
       CVA-34 Oriskany
       CVA-41 Midway		       (Midway)
       CVA-42 Franklin D. Roosevelt    (Midway)
       CVA-43 Coral Sea 	       (Midway)
       CVA-58 United States            cancelled
       CVA-59 Forrestal 	       (Forrestal)
       CVA-60 Saratoga		       (Forrestal)
       CVA-61 Ranger		       (Forrestal)
       CVA-62 Independence	       (Forrestal)
       CVA-63 Kitty Hawk	       (Kitty Hawk (improved Forrestal))
       CVA-64 Constellation	       (Kitty Hawk (improved Forrestal))
       CVA-66 America		       (Kitty Hawk (improved Forrestal))
       CVA-67 John F. Kennedy	       (Kitty Hawk (improved Forrestal))
CVAN
       [USA] Attack aircraft carrier, nuclear powered.
       CVAN-65 Enterprise	       (Enterprise)
CVB
       [USA] Large Aircraft Carrier
       CVB-41 Midway		       (Midway)
       CVB-42 Coral Sea 	       (Midway)
       CVB-42 Franklin D. Roosevelt    (Midway)
       CVB-43 Coral Sea 	       (Midway)
CVBG
       [USA] USN: Carrier Battle Group
CVE
       [USA] Escort aircraft carrier.
       (Casablanca class also known as Anzio class)
       CVE-1   Long Island	       (Long Island)
       CVE-9   Bogue		       (Bogue)
       CVE-11  Card		       (Bogue)
       CVE-12  Copahee		       (Bogue)
       CVE-13  Core		       (Bogue)
       CVE-16  Nassau		       (Bogue)
       CVE-18  Altamaha 	       (Bogue)
       CVE-20  Barnes		       (Bogue)
       CVE-21  Block Island 
       CVE-23  Breton		       (Bogue)
       CVE-25  Croatan		       (Bogue)
       CVE-26  Sangamon 	       (Sangamon)
       CVE-27  Suwannee 	       (Sangamon)
       CVE-28  Chenango 	       (Sangamon)
       CVE-29  Santee		       (Sangamon)
       CVE-30  Charger		       (Long Island)
       CVE-31  Prince William	       (Prince William)
       CVE-55  Ameer		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-55  Alazon Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-55  Casablanca	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-56  Liscombe Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-57  Alikula Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-57  Coral Sea	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-57  Anzio		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-58  Anguilla Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-58  Corregidor	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-59  Atheling 	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-59  Mission Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-60  Astrolabe Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-60  Guadalcanal	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-61  Bucareli Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-61  Manilla Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-62  Begum		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-62  Natoma Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-63  Chapin Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-63  Midway		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-63  St Lo		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-64  Didrickson Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-64  Tripoli		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-65  Dolomy Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-65  Wake Island	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-66  Elbour Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-66  White Plains	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-67  Nassuk Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-67  Solomons 	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-68  Kalinin Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-69  Kasaan Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-70  Fanshaw Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-71  Kitkun Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-72  Fortezela Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-72  Tulagi		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-73  Gambier Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-74  Nehenta Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-75  Hoggatt Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-76  Kadashan Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-77  Kanalku Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-77  Markus Island	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-78  Kaita Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-78  Savo Island	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-79  Ommaney Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-80  Petrof Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-81  Rudyerd Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-82  Saginaw Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-83  Sargent Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-84  Shamrock Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-85  Shipley Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-86  Sitkoh Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-87  Steamer Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-88  Cape Esperance	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-89  Takansis Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-90  Thetis Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-91  Makassar Strait	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-92  Windham Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-93  Makin Island	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-94  Lunga Point	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-95  Alikula Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-95  Bismarck Sea	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-96  Salamaua 	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-97  Astrolabe Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-97  Hollandia	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-98  Bucareli Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-98  Kwajalein	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-99  Chapin Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-99  Admiralty Islands       (Casablanca)
       CVE-100 Didrickson Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-100 Bougainville	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-101 Dolomi Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-101 Manitakau	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-102 Attu		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-103 Alava Bay	       (Casablanca)
       CVE-103 Roi		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-104 Munda		       (Casablanca)
       CVE-105 St Joseph Bay	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-105 Commencement Bay        (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-106 Sunset Bay	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-106 Block Island	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-107 St Andrews Bay	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-107 Gilbert Islands	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-108 Vermillion Bay	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-108 Kula Gulf	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-109 Willapa Bay	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-109 Cape Gloucester	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-110 Salerno Bay	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-111 Totem Bay	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-111 Vella Gulf	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-112 Frosty Bay	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-112 Siboney		       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-113 Hobart Bay	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-113 Puget Sound	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-114 Rendova		       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-115 Bairoko		       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-116 Badoeng Strait	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-117 Saidor		       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-118 Sicily		       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-119 Point Cruz	       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-120 Mindoro		       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-121 Rabaul		       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-122 Palau		       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-123 Tinian		       (Commencement Bay)
       CVE-124 Bastogne    (Cancelled)
       CVE-125 Eniwetok    (Cancelled)
       CVE-126 Lingayen    (Cancelled)
       CVE-127 Okinawa	   (Cancelled)
CVH
       [USA] USN: Helicopter Carrier
CVHA
       [USA] USN: Assault Helicopter Transport
       CVHA-1  Thetis Bay	       (Anzio)
CVHE
       [USA] USN: Escort Helicopter Aircraft Carrier.
CVHG
       [USA] USN: Helicopter Carrier with guided missile armament.
CVL
       [USA] USN: Light aircraft carrier.
       CVL-22  Independence	       (Independence)
       CVL-23  Princeton	       (Independence)
       CVL-24  Belleau Wood	       (Independence)
       CVL-25  Cowpens		       (Independence)
       CVL-26  Monterey 	       (Independence)
       CVL-27  Langley		       (Independence)
       CVL-28  Cabot		       (Independence)
       CVL-29  Bataan		       (Independence)
       CVL-30  San Jacinto	       (Independence)
       CVL-48  Saipan		       (Saipan)
       CVL-49  Wright		       (Saipan)
CVN
       [USA] USN: Nuclear-powered aircraft carrier.
       CVN-65  Enterprise	       (Enterprise)
       CVN-68  Nimitz		       (Nimitz)
       CVN-69  Dwight D. Eisenhower    (Nimitz)
       CVN-70  Carl Vinson	       (Nimitz)
       CVN-71  Theodore Roosevelt      (Nimitz)
       CVN-72  Abraham Lincoln	       (Nimitz)
       CVN-73  George Washington       (Nimitz)
       CVN-74  John Stennis	       (Nimitz)
       CVN-75  United States	       (Nimitz)
CVR
       Cockpit Voice Recorder
CVS
       [USA] Support (ASW) Aircraft Carrier. Includes some former CV-'s of
       the Essex class.
       CVS-11  Intrepid
       CVS-12  Hornet
       CVS-15  Randolph
       CVS-20  Bennington
       CVS-29  Lake Champlain
CVT
       [USA] USN: Aircraft Carrier, Training
CVU
       [USA] Utility Aircraft Carrier
CVW
       [USA] Carrier Air Wing
--CW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CW
       [USA] Composite Wing
CWP
       [UK] Central Warning Panel -- 'Christmas Tree' of waring lights in
       aircraft's cockpit.
CWS
       [Germany] Container Weapon System
CWW
       [USA] Cruciform Wing Weapon, the GBU-15 guided bomb.
--CX-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CX-HLS
       [USA] Cargo Experimental - Heavy Logistics System. Requirement
       filled in by the Lockheed C-5 Galaxy.
CX-X
       [USA] Requirement for an utility aircraft for US embassies.
       The Beech C-12F was selected.
C-XX
       [USA] Requirement for a light transport for VIPs and high
       priority cargo. The Cessna Citation V Ultra was selected. 
--CY-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Cycle
       [UK] Evacuation of troops from West-France, June 1940.
Cypress
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kyushu K9W trainer
--CZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
CzAF
       Czech Air Force

==D==========================================================================
--DA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
D/A
       Digital-to-Analog converter
DA
       [USSR] Dalnaya Aviatsiya (Strategic Aviation)
DAACM
       [USA] Direct Airfield Attack Combined Munition, CBU-98/B
       cluster bomb.
DAB
       [USA] Defense Acquisition Board
DACM
       [USA] Dissimilar Air Combat Maneuvering, i.e. training in air combat
       with 'aggressor' aircraft.
DACT
       Dissimilar Air Combat Training
DAD
       Dischargeable Aviation Device. Containerised water-bomber system
       for Il-76 Candid transports. 
DADCAP
       Dawn And Dusk Combat Air Patrol
DAF
       [UK] Desert Air Force
DAFCS
       Digital Automatic Flight Control System
Daguet
       [France] French participation in the 1991 Gulf War against Iraq.
DAL
       [France] Detection et Alerte radar. Laser warning receiver.
Daniel Boone
       [USA] Secret information gathering missions, into Cambodia from
       Vietnam.
Danny
       [USA] Mid-1944 plan to use USMC aircraft, F4U Corsairs, to attack
       V-1 and V-2 launching sites with the 'Tiny Tim' rocket. Never
       done.
DARIN
       [India] Display, Attack, Ranging and Intertial Navigation. Avionics
       package installed in Indian Sepecat Jaguar attack aircraft.
Dark Star
       [USA] Series of low-observable tactical reconaissance UAVs.
       DarkStar is described as a Tier III Minus UAV. 
Darky
       [UK] Radio system that plotted the course of lost aircraft over the
       UK, putting them back on course. WWII.
Darmstadt
       [Germany] Experimental radar, with a range of 5km against
       aircraft. 1936.
DARO
       [USA] Defense Airborne Reconaissance Office
DARPA
       [USA] Defense Advanced Research Project Agency, a research institute.
       Renamed ARPA.
Dart Board
       [USA] Modification program for the F-106. 1961. New ejection seat and
       cockpit hood, and improved fuel systems.
DAS
       Direct AIr Support
DASC
       [South Vietnam, Cambodia] Direct Air Support Centre
DASH
       Drone Anti Submarine Helicopter
DASH
       [Israel] Display And Sight Helmet. Helmet-mounted sight developed
       by Elbit.
Dash Ten
       [UK] Jamming pod.
DASS
       [Europe] Defensive Aids Sub System, EW system for the
       Eurofighter 2000.
DATF
       [Benelux] Deployable Air Task Force. Combined force of Belgian,
       Dutch and Luxemburg units. Intended to be used in crisis
       management.
DAU
       Data Acquisition Unit
Dave
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima E8N floatplane
--DB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DB
       Depth bomb
DBA-GK
       [USSR] Supreme Command's Long Range Bomber Arm; replaced the AON (see
       there) in 1940.
DBEM
       [France] Detection et Brouillage Electromagnetique. ECM. 
DBNS
       Doppler Bombing / Navigation System
DBS
       Doppler Beam Sharpening
--DC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DC
       Depth Charge
DC
       Direct Current
DC
       Duty Control Officer
DCA
       Defensive Counter Air
DCI
       [USA] Director of Central Intelligence
DCMU
       [UK] Digital Colour Map Unit
DCU
       [USA] Dynamic Component Upgrade. Upgrade of the drive and rotor
       system of CH-46 helicoptres. 1996.
--DD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DD
       [USA] USN: Destroyer
DD
       [Allied] Duplex Drive. Designation for Sherman tanks for amphibious
       operations, fitted with twin propellers and a buoyancy screen.
DD
       Direct Drive
DDE
       [USA] Escort Destroyer
DDG
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Destroyer
DDH
       [USA] USN: Helicopter-carrying destroyer
DDI
       Digital Display Indicator
DDK
       [USA] USN: Hunter-Killer Destroyer
DDM
       Difference in Depth of Modulation
DDR
       [USA] USN: Radar Picket Destroyer
DDS
       Digital Data System
--DE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DE
       [USA] Escort Destroyer
DEA
       [USA] Drug Enforcement Agency
Deadlight
       [UK] Destruction of German submarines after WWII. 110 submarines
       were scuttled.
Deadstick
       [UK] Attack by glider and paratroop units to capture bridges over
       the Orne river and the Caen canal, near Ouistreham, as part of
       'Overlord'. These were the first soldiers to set foot in occupied
       France.
DEC
       [USA] USN: Control Escort Ship
Decca
       Navigation system, similar to the British Gee, but using
       continuous instead of pulsed beams. Position is calculated
       from the phase-shifts between signals from synchronized
       ground stations. Developed during WWII, and still in use. (The
       Decca company also makes other navigation systems!)
Decisive Edge
       [NATO] Air operations in support of the IFOR forces in Bosnia.
       See also Deny Flight. 
Decisive Endeavour
       [NATO] Air component of Joint Endeavour.
Decisive Enhancement
       [NATO] Naval operations in the Adriatic, in support of the Dayton
       peace agreement for Bosnia. See also Sharp Guard. 
DECM
       Deceptive Electronic Counter Measures, or Defensive Electronic
       Counter Measures
DECU
       Digital Engine Control Unit
DEEC
       [USA] Digital Electronic Engine Control
Deep Freeze
       [USA] Support of the US Navy to Arctic expeditions. The purpose
       and results of this have entered the realms of myth, with
       allegation of nazi flying-saucer bases under the ice! Now to be
       taken over by the ANG. 
DEFA
       [USA] Direction des Etudes et Fabrications d'Armaments. Directory
       of weapon development and production. Well known for the 30mm
       DEFA aircraft cannon. 
DEFCON
       [USA] Defence Condition:
       DEFCON 1 	   Nuclear War
       DEFCON 2 	   Conventional War
       DEFCON 3 	   Emergency / Crises
       DEFCON 4 	   Heightened Readiness
       DEFCON 5 	   Peacetime
DEG
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Escort Ship
Deliberate Force
       [NATO] Strikes against the Bosnian Serbs, starting from 28 August
       1995.
Deliberate Guard
       [NATO] Presence of NATO air forces over Bosnia, after the
       Dayton peace agreement. 
Delta
       [NATO] Soviet submarine class
DEM
       [France] Detection Electro-Magnetique. Early French radar, in
       service before WWII. Considered almost useless. 
DEMVAL
       [USA] Demonstration & Evaluation
Deny Flight
       [NATO] NATO operation to enforce the 'no-fly' zone over Bosnia.
DER
       [USA] USN: Radar Picket Escort Ship
DERA
       [UK] Defence Research Establishment
Dervish
       [UK] First convoy to the USSR, in August 1941.
Desert Shield
       [USA] Operation to reinforce the forces in the Gulf to defend
       Saudi-Arabia and prepare for an eventual conflict with Iraq.
Desert Storm
       [USA] Operation to remove the Iraqi Army from Kuwait.
Desert Strike
       [USA] Cruise missile attack on targets in Southern Iraq.
       September 1996.
DESO
       [UK] Defence Export Services Organisation
Detachment
       [USA] Invasion of Iwo Jima, 1944.
De-Te
       [Germany] Dezimeter Telegraphie. Early codename for radar. 
Detroit
       [Allied] Airborne operation on D-day, by the 82nd Airborne in the
       US sector.
DEW
       [USA / Canada] Distant Early Warning, a line of radar sites close
       to the Arctic, on the northern coast of Canada and on Greenland.
DEW
       Directed Energy Weapon
Dewey Canyon
       [USA] Sweep of the A Shau and Da Krong valleys in Vietnam, April
       1969. 
Dewey Canyon II
       [USA] US support for the 'Lam Son 719' operation.
--DF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
D/F
       Direction Finding
DFC
       Distinguished Flying Cross
DFCS
       Digital Fire Control System
DFDR
       Digital Flight Data Recorder
DFOR
       [NATO] Dissuasion Force
DFVLR
       [Germany] Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt fur Luft- und
       Raumfahrt --- German research and test institute for air and
       space.
--DG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DG
       Directional Gyro. Gyroscopic compass
DGA
       [France] Delegation Generale pour l'Armament
DGAC
       [France] Direction Generale de l'Aviation Civile
DGAW
       [UK] Director General of Armament and Weapons
DGT&E
       [UK] Directorate General of Test and Evaluation
DGTW
       [UK] Director of Guided Weapons Trials
--DH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DH
       Direct Hit
DH
       Decision Height, for aircraft landings
DHA
       [France] Detachement d'Helicopteres Armes -- Armed helicopter
       detachment.
DHFS
       [UK] Defence Helicopter Flying School
DHFTS
       [UK] Defence Helicopter Flying Training School
--DI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DI
       [Czechoslovakia] Duverne Israel -- Isreal confidential. Sale of 25 
       Avia C-210 (Bf 109 with Jumo 211 engine) and 54 Spitfires to Israel,
       in 1948. Eleven more were sent in 1949.
DIA
       [USA] Defense Intelligence Agency
Diadem
       [Allied] Plan for the conquest of Rome, May 1944.
DIANE
       [USA] Digital Integrated Attack and Navigation Equipment, for the
       Grumman A-6 Intruder.
Dick
       [USA] Codename for the Seversky A8V (deriver from P-35) fighter, no
       longer in service with the Japanese forces during WWII.
DIFAR
       [USA] Directional Frequency Analysis and Recording. Fitted to
       ASW aircraft.
Dina
       [USA] AN/APT-1 Jamming transmitter. 95MHz to 210MHz. 
Dinah
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi Ki.46 reconaissance
       aircraft.
DINAS
       Digital Inertial Navigation / Attack System
Ding Dong
       [USA] Air-to-air missile project, late 1950s. Abandoned.
DINS
       Digital Inertial Navigation System
DIR
       [France] Detection Infrarouge --- IR detection.
Disclipined Guard
       [USA] Operation to provide aircover for UN forces in Bosnia.
Disney
       [USA] Rocket-powered 4500lb bombs, intended for attacks on U-boat
       shelters immune to most other bombs. Only twice used operationally.
DIV
       [USA] Division
Diver
       [UK] Codename for the V-1.
Dixie
       [Allied] The communist movement in China (then in civil war as
       well as involved in WWII.) Name given because of the song 'Is it true
       waht they say about Dixie?'.
--DJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--DK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DK
       [USSR] Desantniy korabl' (landing ship)
--DL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DL
       [USA] USN: Frigate
DLC
       Direct Lift Control
DLCO
       [UK] Direct Landing Control Officer
DLG
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Frigate
DLGH
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Frigate, Helicopter
DLMS
       Digital Land Mass System. Digital map.
DLGN
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Frigate, nuclear-powered
DLI
       [USA] Deck-Launch Intercept
DLR
       [Germany] Deutsche Forsungsanstalt fur Luft- und Raumfart. German
       aerospace research institute.
DLZ
       Dynamic Launch Zone
--DM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DM
       [USA] USN: Light Minelayer
DM
       [USSR] Dopolnitelny Motor --- Auxiliary Motor. Ramjet engines, usually
       fitted underwing to WWII fighters, in an attempt to increase
       performance.
DMA
       [USA] Defence Mapping Agency
DMARD
       [UK] Director of Military Aircraft Research and Development
DME
       Distance Measuring Equipment. A ground-based transponder, which
       transmits to aircraft their distance from it. Often found
       together wioth VOR.
DMG
       Digital Map Generator
DMPI
       Desired Mean Point of Impact
DMS
       Defensive Management System
DMS
       [USA] High Speed Minelayer
DMZ
       Demilitarised Zone
--DN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--DO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOA
       Direction of Arrival
DOAC
       [UK] Defence Operational Analysis Centre
Doc
       [USA] Codename for the German Messerschmitt Bf 110, assumed to be in 
       Japanese service. It was not.
DOD
       Department of Defense
DOE       
       Department of Energy
Dog
       [USA] US Navy program for the development of unmanned attack
       aircraft, began in 1936. 
Dog House
       [NATO] Medium range early-warning ground radar for ABM-1.
Doris
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi B-97. Did not exist.
DOSAAF
       [USSR] Dobrovoln'oe Obshchestvo Sodeistviya Armii, Aviatsii i Flotu.
       Voluntary Association for the support of Army, Aviation and Fleet.
       Paramilitary sport organization that undertook basic flying
       training.
DOT
       [UK] Details Of Tasking
Down Beat
       [NATO] Nose radar of the Tu-95 'Bear-G' and Tu-22M 'Backfire'.
Downfall
       [USA] Plan for the invasion of Japan in 1945. The first phase was
       to be 'Olympic', the second phase 'Coronet'. 
--DP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
DPC
       Defence Planning Committee, of NATO.
--DQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--DR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR
       Dead Reckoning
DR
       Distant Reading. Combined gyro and magnetic compass system,
       usually installed in the tail of an aircraft. 
DRA
       [UK] Defence Research Agency. Created on April 1, 1991 to do all
       non-nuclear research.
Dracula
       [Allied] Amhibious landing to seize Rangoon, Burma. 1945.
Dragon
       [USA] M47 tube-launched, wire-guided anti-tank missile. 14.6kg, 
       disposable tube. 
Dragon Fly
       [USA] ?
Dragoon
       [Allied] Landing in the South of France, August 1944.
DRC
       [UK] Defence Requirements Committee. Set up in 1933.
DRO
       [USA] Drone Recovery Officer
Dropshot
       [USA] The 1949 warplan, assuming a war with the USSR.
DRPC
       [UK] Defense Research Policy Committee
Drugstore
       [Israel] Attack on Syrian SAM sites in the Bekaa valley, Lebanon.
       1982.
Dry Martini
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1972.
--DS-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DSC
       Direct Side-force Control
DSFC
       Direct Side-Force Control
DSO
       [USA] Defence Systems Operator
DSP
       [USA] Defense Support Programme. A network of early-warning satellites.
DSRV
       [USA] USN: Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicle.
DSTA
       [UK] Defence Science and Technology Agency
--DT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DTD
       [UK] Directorate of Technical Development
DTEO
       [UK] Defence Trials and Experimental Organisation, at Boscombe
       Down. 
DTG
       Date-Time Group
DTM
       Data Transfer Module
DTS
       Digital Terrain System
DTS
       Data Transfer System
--DU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DUKW
       [USA] Amphibious utility vehicle, used during WWII. The designation,
       invented by General Motors, meant "1942, Utility, Front-wheel 
       drive, two rear driving axles".
Dunaja
       [Germany] Dunkele Nachtjagd : Night interceptions by aircraft that
       did not carry their own radar, but were assisted by ground radar.
Dutch Mill
       [USA] The 'Infiltration Surveillance Center' in Thailand, used
       during the Vietnam war to observe the traffic over the Ho Chi Minh
       Route. 
--DV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DVI
       Direct Voice Input
DVOR
       Doppler VOR.
DVS
       Doppler Velocity Sensor.
--DW-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DWP
       Dedicated Warning Panel
DWS
       [Germany] Dispenser Weapon System
--DX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--DY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DY
       Decoupled Yaw
Dyke
       [UK] Flight refuelling exercise in 1960. Gloster Javeling fighters
       were transferred from the UK to Singapore.
Dynamo
       [UK] Evacuation of British forces from Dunkirk, May 1940.
Dyna-Soar
       [USA] DYNAmic SOARing, a project for a spaceplane created in 1957
       by combining the efforts of 'HYWARDS', 'Brass Bell', and 'ROBO'.
       The first stage of the project (DS-1) became the Boeing X-20
       DynaSoar. Cancelled. 
--DZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DZ
       Dropping Zone

==E==========================================================================
E^3
       [USA] Electronic Environmental Effects (mainly interference).
--EA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
EA
       [France] Ecole d'Application
EAF
       [Egypt] Egyptian Air Force
EAATS
       [USA] Eastern ARNG Aviation Training Site
EAB
       Emergency Air Breathing (Mask)
EADI
       [USA] Electronic Attitude Direction Indicator
Eagle
       [USA] AN/APQ-7 bombardment radar. 
Eagle Claw
       [USA] The failed attempt in 1980 to free the hostages in the US 
       embassy in Teheran. Also referred to as 'Evening Light'. (?)
Eagle Eye
       [USA] UAV developed by Bell. A tilt-rotor design, intended to
       operate from ships. 
Eagle Pull     
       [USA] Evacuation of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, on 12 April 1975.
EAP
       [UK] Experimental Aircraft Programme, technology demonstrator for the
       EFA.
EAR
       Electronically Agile Radar
Earnest Will
       [USA] Protection of oil tankers in the Persian Gulf, during the Iran-Iraq
       war, 1987.
EAS
       Equivalent Airspeed (corrected for compressibility)
EAVM
       [Argentina] Escuadrilla Aeronaval de Vigilancia Maritima. Naval
       Aviaation Martime Patrol Squadron. Created in April 1996.
--EB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EB
       [France] Escadre de Bombardement -- bombardment wing
       EB 1/91	 'Gascogne'
       EB 2/91	 'Bretagne'
       EB 3/91	 'Cevennes'
       EB 1/94	 'Guyenne'
       EB 2/94	 'Marne'
       EB 3/94	 'Arbois'
E-boat
       [UK] British term for the German S-boot, a motortorpedoboat.
--EC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EC
       Electronic Combat
EC
       [France] Escadre de Chasse -- fighter wing
       EC 1/2	 'Cicognes'
       EC 2/2    'Cote d'Or'       
       EC 3/2	 'Alsace'
       EC 1/3	 'Navarre'
       EC 2/3	 'Champagne'
       EC 3/3	 'Ardennes'
       EC 1/4	 'Dauphine'
       EC 2/4	 'La Fayette'
       EC 1/5	 'Vendee'
       EC 2/5	 'Ile de France'
       EC 1/7	 'Provence'
       EC 2/7	 'Argonne'
       EC 3/7	 'Languedoc'
       EC 1/10	 'Valois'
       EC 2/10	 'Seine'
       EC 3/10	 'Vexin'
       EC 1/11	 'Rousillon'
       EC 2/11	 'Vosges'
       EC 3/11	 'Corse'
       EC 4/11	 'Jura'
       EC 1/12	 'Cambresis'
       EC 2/12	 'Cornouaille'
       EC 1/13	 'Artois'
       EC 2/13	 'Alpes'
       EC 3/13	 'Auvergne'
       EC 1/30   'Loire'
       EC 2/30   'Camargue'
       EC 3/30   'Lorraine'
ECAM
       Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor
ECC
       [USA] Evacuation Control Center. Set up in 1975 to evacuate
       Americans from Vietnam. 
ECCD
       Electronic Cockpit Control Device
ECCFFA
       [France] Escadrille de Commandement Central de Forces Francais
       Allemande -- flight of the central command of the French forces in
       Germany.
ECCM
       Electronic Counter-Counter Measures
ECE
       [France] Escadron de Chasse et d'Entrainment -- fighter trainer
       squadron.
Echo
      [NATO]Soviet Submarine class.
Eclipse
       [Allied] Plan for the occupation of Europe after the defeat of
       nazi Germany.
Eclipse
       [USA] Project to demonstrate the concept of a launch vehicle
       that its towed to altitude by a conventional aircraft.
ECM
       Electronic Counter Measures
ECMS
       Electronic Counter Measures System
ECR
       Electronic Combat and Reconaissance. Version of the Panavia Tornado.
ECS
       [USA] Electronic Combat Squadron
ECS
       Environmental Control System
ECT
       [France] Escadron de Chasse et de Transformation -- fighter
       trainer conversion squadron.
ECTT
       [France] Escadre de Chasse Tous Temps -- All-wheater fighter wing.
ECU
       Electronic Control Unit
ECU
       Environmental Control Unit
ECU
       Engine Change Unit
--ED-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EDA
       [France] Escadre de Detection Aeroportee --- AEW squadron.
       EDA 1/36  Berry
       EDA 2/36  Nivernais
EDC
       Engine Data Concentrator
EDD
       [USA] USN: Experimental Destroyer
EDE
       [USA] USN: Experimental Escort Ship
Edna	
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi Ki.71 attack aircraft.
EDO
       [USA] Engineering Duty Officer
Edom
       [UK] Practire QRA for bombers.
EDSA
       [USA] European Distribution System Aircraft. The C-23, or Shorts
       330.
EDU
       Electronic Display Unit
EDU
       Engine Diagnostic Unit
--EE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EE
       [France] Escadre Electronique
EEZ
       Electronic Exclusion Zone
EEZ
       Exclusive Economic Zone
--EF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EFA
       European Fighter Aircraft, also known as Eurofighter 2000.
EFAMS
       [USA] Enhanced Fuel and Armament Management System, for the
       RAH-66 Comanche. Non-lifting, detachable stubs with
       additional attachment points.
EFATO
       [UK] Engine Failure After Take-Off
EFCS
       Electronic Flight Control System
Effective
       [Allied] Plan for an airborne assault in support of the US 7th
       Army, to capture targets near the Schwarzwald. 
EFIS
       Electronic Flight Instrumentation System
EFM
       [USA] Enhanced Fighter Maneuvrability, the X-31 test aircraft.
EFPH
       [USA] Equivalent Full-Power Hours
EFS
       [USA] Enhanced Flight Screener
EFTS
       [UK] Elementary Flight Training Programme
EFTS
       [UK] Elementary Flight Training School
--EG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Egerland
       [Germany] FuMG 74/76, a very advanced Flak radar that appeared
       in early 1945.
Eglantine
       [UK] The approach to Heligoland, when referred to for aerial
       minelaying ('Gardening').
Egon
       [Germany] Naviagtion and blind bombing system, similar to the
       British Oboe system.
EGT
       Exhaust Gas Temperature
--EH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EH
       Escadre d'Helicopteres -- helicopter wing
       EH 1/67	'Pyrenees'
       EH 2/67	'Valmy'
       EH 3/67	'Parisis'
       EH 4/67	'Durance'
       EH 5/67	'Alpilles'
EHAC
       [France] Escadrille d'Helicopteres Anti-Chars -- Anti-tank
       helicopter flight.
EHAP
       [France] Escadrille d'Helicopteres d'Appui-Protection. Attack and
       support helicopter flight. 
EHDD
       [UK] Electronic Head-Down Display
EHF
       Extremely High Frequency
EHL
       Escadrille d'Helicopteres Legers -- light helicopter flight
EHLM
       [Belgium] Eenheid voor de Herstelling van het LuchtvaartMaterieel --
       Repair Unit for Air Equipment.
EHLR
       [France] Escadrille d'Helicopteres Legers de Reconnaissance --
       Light reconnaissance helicopter flight.
EHM
       [France] Escadrille d'Helicopteres de Manoeuvre. Transport
       helicopter flight.
EHM
       [Portugal] Esquadrilha de Helicopteros da Marinha. Navy
       helicopter squadron. This is not numbered, because there is
       only one. 
ehp
       Equivalent Horse Power
EHS
       ElectroHydroStatic
EHSI
       [USA] Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator
--EI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EICAS
       Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System, or Engine Indication,
       Caution and Advisory System. 
Eiche
       [Germany] Operation to free Mussolini, 1944.
EID
       [UK] Electronic Identification Device
EIS
       Electronic Instrument System
Eisenhammer
       [Germany] Late 1944 plan to attack the power stations in the Soviet
       Union, at first with bombers, later the plan was modified to use the
       'Mistel' combination.  Never done.
--EJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
--EK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
EKA
       [Germany] Elektronische Kampffuhrung und Aufklarung. German for ECR,
       Electronic Combat and Reconaissance, the electronic warfare version
       of the Tornado.
ekW
       Equivalent Kilowatt
--EL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EL
       Emitter Locator
ELA
       [France] Escadre de Liaison Aeriennes
Elaborate Maze
       [USA] Contingency plan for a military operation in Panama, 1988.
ELAS
       [France] Escadre de Liaison Aeriennes et de Sauvetage
ELD
       Electro Luminescent Display
Eldorado Canyon
       [USA] Attack on Libya in 1986.
ELF
       [USA] Extremely Low Frequency, frequency band used to communicate with
       submarines.
ELINT
       Electronic Intelligence
Elliniki Polemiki Aeroporia
       [Greece] Greek Air Force
Elmira
       [Allied] Airborne operation on D-day, by the 82nd Airborne in the
       US sector.
Eloquent Banquet
       [USA] Deployment of heavy weapons to Panama, November 1989.
ELS
       Emitter Location System
ELT
       Emergency Locator Transmitter
--EM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EM
       [USSR] Eskadrenniy minonosets (destroyer)
EMC
       Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
EMCON
       Emission Control
EMD
       Engineering, Manufacture and Development
EMDG
       Euro Missile Dynamics Group
EME
       ElectroMagnetic Environment

EMERCOM
       [Russia] Federation State Committee of Emergencies.
EMI
       ElectroMagnetic Interference
Emily
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawanishi H8K flying boat.
EMP
       Electromagnetic Pulse, from a nuclear explosion at high
       altitude. Can damage unprotected electronic circuits.
EMS
       Engine Monitoring System
EMVO
       [Netherlands] Elementaire Militaire Vlieger Opleiding ---
       Elementary Military Pilot Training.
--EN-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
End Sweep
       [USA] Effort to clear the Vietnamese harbours of mines, as agreed
       in the 1972 peace treaty.
Enhance Plus
       [USA] Transfer of aircraft South Vietnam, just before the signing 
       of the Paris peace treaty. 1972.
Enigma
       [German] A rotor-wheel encoding system used during WWII. The code
       was broken by the British team at Bletchley Park. 
ENJJPT
       [NATO] Euro-Nato Joint Jet Pilot Training
Enterprise
       [Allied] Crossing of the Elbe, 29 April 1945.
Enzian
       [Germany] Messerschmitt E-4, a SAM, designed and built during WWII.
       Abandoned in January 1945.
--EO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EO
       Electro-Optically. Said of missile guidance systems and similar
       equipment which can 'see', in the most primitive case steering on
       contrasting objects, e.g. a dark ship at the horizon, but sometimes
       a full-TV link is used.
EOB
       Electronic Order of Battle
EOD
       [USA] Explosive Ordnance Disposal
EOGB
       Electro-Optically Guided Bomb.
EOKA
       [Cyprus] Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Aghonistan --- National
       Organization of Cypriot Fighters. 
EOOW
       [USA] USN: Engineering Officer of the Watch.
EOSDS
       [UK] Electro-Optical Surveillance and Detection System
--EP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EP
       Estimated Position
EPA
       Evasive Plan of Action
EPA/VVS
       [Belgium] Ecole de Pilotage Avance / Voortgezette Vliegopleidings
       school -- advanced flying school.
EPCU
       [UK] Electrical Power Control Unit
EPE/EVS
       [Belgium] Ecole de Pilotage Elementaire / Elementaire Vliegschool --
       elementary flying school.
EPR
       Engine Pressure Ratio
EPU
       Emergency Power Unit
EPW
       Enemy Prisoner of War
EP-X
       [USA] Electronic Patrol - Experimental. Two U-2R aircraft that were
       loaned to the US Navy for experimental use as long-range recce
       aircraft.
--EQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ER-------------------------------------------------------------------------
ER
       [France] Escadre de Reconaissance -- reconaisssance wing
       ER 1/33	 'Belfort'
       ER 2/33	 'Savoie'
       ER 3/33	 'Moselle'
ER
       Extended Range
EROPS
       Extended Range Operations
ERSA
       [USA] Extended Range Strike Aircraft. Requirement, 1963.
E&RFTS
       [UK] Elementary & Reserve Training School, at Sywell before WWII.
ERI
       [France] Escadron de Reconnaissance et d'Instruction.
       Reconaissance et Training squadron.
Eros
       [USA] Eliminate Range-Zero System. An air collision avoidance
       system. 
ERS
       [UK] Emergency Rescue Squadron
Eruption
       [Allied] Plan for an airborne attack on the German naval base at
       Kiel. 
ERV
       [France] Escadre de Ravitaillement en Vol -- air tanker wing
       ERV 1/93  'Aunis'
       ERV 2/93  'Landes'
       ERV 3/93  'Sologne'
--ES-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ES
       Expert System
ES
       [France] Ecole de Specialisation
ESC
       [USA] Electronic Security Command
ESD
       [USA] Electronic Systems Division
ESM
       Electronic Surveillance Measures
ESM
       Electronic Support Measures
ESM
       Electronic Signal Monitoring
ESM
       [USA] Edible Structural Material. This was proposed for the Lunar
       Module, the moon landing craft of the Apollo missions. ESM would have
       been made of powdered milk, corn starch, wheat flour, hominy grits,
       and banana flakes, baked at high pressure. It could be machined and
       drilled and had 300 calories per gram. Its use was not adopted.
ESR
       [USA] Equivalent Service Round
ESR
       [UK] Enhanced Surveillance Radar
ESRP
       [Europe] European Supersonic Research Programme, for the development
       of a successor to Concorde.
ESSA
       [USA] Environmental Science Services Administration
ESSS
       [USA] External Stores Support System. Detachable stub wings with 
       pylons, for the UH-60.
--ET-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ET
       [France] Escadre de Transport -- transport wing
       ET 3/60	'Esterel'
       ET 1/61	'Touraine'
       ET 2/61	'Franche Comte'
       ET 3/61	'Poitou'
       ET 1/62	'Vercors'
       ET 1/64	'Bearn'
       ET 2/64	'Anjou'
       ET 2/64	'Maine'
       ET 3/64	'Bigorre'
ETA
       Estimated Time of Arrival
ETA
       [Brazil] Esquadro de Transporte Aerea -- Air Transport Squadron.
ETAC
       [USA] Enlisted Terminal Attack Controller
ETC
       Electrothermal Chemical (Gun)
ETD
       Estimated Time of Departure
ETE
       Estimated Time Enroute
ETI
       Exhaust Trail Indicator. A 'sniffer' installed in ASW
       aircraft to detect Diesel submarines. 
ETO
       [USA] European Theatre of Operations
ETOM
       [France] Escadre de Transport d'Outre Mer -- overseas transport wing
ETOPS
       Extended Range Twin-Engine Operations.
ETPS
       [UK] Empire Test Pilots School. At Cranfield until 1946, at
       Farnborough from 1946 to 1968, and since then at Boscombe Down.
ETTF
       [NATO] European Tanker Task Force
--EU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
EU
       [UK] Embarkation Unit. Set up in the USA during WWII to control
       the transport of aircraft by ship to Britain. 
EUCLID
       European Co-Operations for the Long-term In Defence
Euklid
       [Germany] Advanced flak radar, operating on 27cm. WWII. 
Eureka
       [UK] Beacon transmitter, used by paratroop 'pathfinders' during WWII
       to identify a landing site to the dropping aircraft.
Eureka
       [Allied] American-British-Soviet conference in Tehran. 
Eurofar
       [Europe] European Future Advanced Rotorcraft.
--EV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EVA
       Extra Vehicular Activity. Activity outside a spacecraft (in space).
Eva	
       [USA] Codename for a Japanese aircraft, that was later found not 
       to be a military aircraft.
Eve
       [USA] Codename for a Japanese aircraft, that was later found 
       not to be a military aircraft.
Evening Light
       [USA] Codename used to refer to 'Eagle Claw' (see there)
EVK
       [Russia] 'Flotilla a flying ships', the first unit of four-engined
       bombers. Created on 10 December 1914. The aircraft were 'Ilya
       Mourometz' biplanes designed by Sikorsky.
EVS
       [USA] Electro-Optical Viewing System -- system fitted in the
       blisters under the nose of the B-52. ASQ-151. Consist of a
       FLIR and a LLLTV.
--EW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
EW
       Electronic Warfare
EW
       Early Warning
EWAU
       [UK] Electronic Warfare & Avionic Unit. Was a part of RAFSEE. 
EWO
       [USA] Electronic Warfare Officer
EWO
       [USA] Emergency War Order
EWSM
       [UK] Early-Warning Support Measures. An other word for ESM. 
EWTR
       [UK] Electronic Warfare Training Range. At Spadedam, in
       Northumberland. 
--EX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
EX
       [USA] Proposed replacement for the E-2 Hawkeye AEW aircraft, planned
       to enter service early in the 21th century. The EX may be delayed or
       abandoned, because E-2 production has been extended beyond the year
       2000.
EXCM
       EXpendable Counter Measures
Exodus
       [UK] Air transport of prisoners of war back to the UK from camps
       in Germany. 1945.
Exporter
       [Allied] Invasion of the Vichy French Levant. 
Extended Capital
       [Allied] Attack in Burma, late 1944 and 1945.
Extend Sentry
       [USA] Upgrade programme for the Boeing E-3 Sentry.
--EY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--EZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
EZLN
       [Mexico] Zapatist Nationalist Liberation Army. A rebel movement
       in Southern Mexcio.
       
==F==========================================================================
--FA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
FA
       [USSR] Frontovaya Aviatsiya -- tactical air force.
FAA
       [UK] Fleet Air Arm
FAA
       [USA] Federal Aviation Administration
FAB
       [Belgium] FAB/Blu: Force Aerienne Belge / Belgische Luchtmacht. Belgian
       Air Force.
FAB
       [USA] Forward Avionics Bay
FAC
       [USA] Forward Air Control
FAC
       [France] Force Aerienne de Combat. Air combat force. 
FACA
       [Spain] Future fighter and attack aircraft. Requirement later
       fulfilled by the F-18 Hornet. 
Faceplate
       [NATO] Soviet Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich E-2A fighter prototype.
FACh
       [Chile] Fuerza Aerea de Chile --- Chilean air force. 
FACP
       [USA] Forward Air Control Post
FACTS
       [USA] FLIR Augmented Cobra TOW Sight. Sight installed in some
       AH-1S Cobra attack helicopters. Others have LAAT.
FAD
       [USA] Fleet Air Defense
FAD
       [Domenican Republic] Fuerza Aerea Dominicana --- Domenican Air
       Force. 
FADEC
       Full Authority Digital Engine Control
FAE
       Fuel-Air Explosive
FAEC
       [Cuba] Fuerza Aerea del Ejercito Cubano -- Cuban Army Air Force.
FAF
       French Air Force
FAFL
       [Free French] Forces Aeriennes Francaises Libres
FAG
       Forward Air Guide. Air strike controller on the ground.
Fagot
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 fighter.
FAH
       [Honduras] Fuerza Aerea Hondurana
FAHV
       [Upper Volta] Force Aerienne de Haute Volta -- Air Force of Upper
       Volta.
FAI
       Federation Aeronautique Internationale
FAirMed
       [USA] Fleet Air Mediterranean
Faithless
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich Ye-231 fighter prototype.
Falcon
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 fighter, renamed Fagot.
Falcon Eye
       [USA] Pioneering helmet-mounted display system, tested
       on the the F-16.
Falcon Up
       [USA/South Korea] Upgrade programme for USAF F-16s based in South
       Korea.
Falke
       [Germany] T4 homing torpedo, 1943. Rapidly replaced by T5 Zaunkonig. 
FAMET
       [Spain] Fuerzas Aeromoviles del Ejercito de Tierras --- Air-mobile
       forces of the land army. 
FAMG
       [USA] Field Artillery Missile Group.
FAN
       [USA] Forward Air Navigator
FAN
       [Cuba] Fuerza Aerea Naval --  Naval Air Force.
FAN
       [France] Force d'Action Naval. Naval Action Force. Part of the
       French fleet, including both aircraft carriers. 
Fang
       [NATO] Soviet Lavochkin La-11 fighter.
FANS
       Future Air Navigation System
Fan Song
       [NATO] Radar associated with the SA-2 'Guideline'
Fantail
       [NATO] Soviet Lavockhin La-15 fighter.
Fantan
       [NATO] Chinese Nanchang Q-5 fighter.
FAP
       [Portugal] Forca Aerea Portuguesa -- Portugese Air Force
FAP
       [Paraguay] Fuerza Aerea Paraguaya
FAR
       [USA] Federal Aviation Regulations
FAR
       [Cuba] Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias --- Revolutionary Armed Forces.
Fargo
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9 fighter.
Farmer
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19 fighter.
Farm Gate
       Detachement of the 440th 'Combat Crew Training Squadron', a COIN unit,
       to Bien Hoa, Vietnam.
FARP
       Forward Area Rearm / Refuel Point
Far Side
       [USA] Launch of a four-stage rocket from a balloon flying at 30480m,
       reaching an altitude of 4345km.
FAS
       [France] Forces Aerienne Strategiques. Strategic Air Forces.
FAS
       [El Salvador] Fuerza Aerea Salvadorena -- Air Force of El Salvador
FAST
       [USA] Fighter Airborne Supply Tank, low-drag conformal tanks
       attached to the sides of F-15s.
FAST
       [USA] Fast Automatic Shuttle Transfer System
FAST
       [UK] Farnborough Air Sciences Trust
FATAC
       [Congo] Force Aerienne Tactique --- Tactical Air Force. In fact the
       air force of the new republic, after its independence in 1960.
FATAC
       [France] Force Aerienne Tactique --- Tactical Air Force. Later
       renamed FAC.
FATE
       [USA] Future Aircraft Technology Enhancement. USAF research
       programme that will use unmanned test vehicles to evaluate new
       fighter technology.
Faust
       [Allied] Food transports over land to the occupied part of the
       Netherlands, early May 1945. Air droppings were also done, as
       part of operations 'Manna' and 'Chowhound'.
FAV
       [Venezuela] Fuerza Aerea Venezolana -- Venezuelan Air Force
--FB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
FBL
       Fly By Light
FBM
       [USA] USN: Fleet Ballistic Missile
FBW
       Fly By Wire
--FC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FCC
       Fire Coordination Centre
FCC
       Flight Control Computer
FCF
       [USA] Functional Check Flight
FCLP
       [USA] Field Carrier Landing Practice
FCR
       Fire Control Radar
FCS
       Fire Control System
FCS
       Flight Control System
FCTP
       [USA] Foreign Comparative Test Program
--FD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FDAS
       Flight Data Acquisition System. 
FDAS
       [USA] Flight Deck Avionics System
FDO
       Flight Deck Officer
FDR
       Flight Data Recorder
--FE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FEAF
       [USA] Far East Air Force
Feather
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-15 and Yak-17 fighters.
FEBA
       [USA] Forward Edge of Battle Area
Feed Back
       [USA] 1954 report of the RAND corporation, proposing a photographic
       reconnaissance sattelite. 
FEFA
       [Europe] Future European Fighter Aircraft, renamed EFA.
Feldt-Fl-Abt
       [Germany] Feld-Flieger Abteilung, field flying section. Normally
       with six aircraft.
Felix
       [Germany] German plan, 1940, for operations in the Mediterranean.
Fencer
       [NATO] Soviet Sukhoi Su-24 fighter.
Ferdinand
       [Allied] The "coastwatcher" organisation in the South-West
       Pacific during WWII. 
Fest-Fl-Abt
       [Germany] Festung-Flieger Abteiling -- fortress flying unit. WWI.
Festoon
       [UK] Wartime flights between Prestwick and Moscow, under cover
       of the Arctic winters. 
Feuerlilie
       [Germany] SAM under development in 1944. Never entered service. Had
       radio command guidance.
FEWSG
       [USA] USN: Fleet Electronic Warfare Support Group
--FF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FF
       [USA] USN: Frigate.
FFAR
       Folding Fin Aircraft Rocket, originally Forward Firing Aircraft Rocket.
FFCC
       [Europe] Forward-facing Crew Cockpit. The two-seat cockpit of the
       Airbus A300.
FFG
       [USA] USN: Guided missile Frigate
FFGH
       [USA] USN: Guided missile Frigate, Helicopter
FFH
       [USA] USN: Frigate, Helicopter
FFI
       [Norway] Forsvaret Forskining Institut, defense research establishment.
FFL
       [USA] [USA] USN: Corvette
FFOS
       Forward Flying Observation System
FFS
       Full Flight Simulator
FFU
       [UK] Ferranti Flying Unit. Flight unit which assisted in the
       development of the AI Mk.23 radar.
--FG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FG
       [USA] Fighter Group
FGA
       [UK] Fighter Ground Attack
FGM
       [USA] Man-launched, surface-target missile -- mainly anti-tank
       missiles.
       FGM-77  Dragon
FGR
       [UK] Fighter Ground Attack Reconaissance
--FH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
FH
       Frequency Hopping
FHT
       [UK] Final Handling Test
--FI-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fickle
       [Allied] See 'Flabby'.
FICON
       [USA] FIghter CONveyer: a GRB-36 carried a RF-84K reconaissance
       aircraft in its bomb-bay. Brief operational use in 1955-1956.
Fiddler
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-28 fighter.
Fido
       [USA] Oficially known as 'Mark 24 Mine', this was a torpedo with
       an acoustic homing head, introduced during WWII.
FIDO
       [UK] Fog Intensive Dispersal Operation, or FOg DIspersal equipment.
       Kerosene was burned by a system of flares along the runway. (1945)
FIG
       [USA] Fighter-Interceptor Group
       177th FIG  'Jersey Devils'
Filo 
       [Turkey] Squadron.
FIM
       [USA] Man-launched SAM.
       FIM-43 Redeye.
       FIM-92 Stinger
Fin
       [NATO] Soviet Lavochkin La-7 fighter.
Finback
       [NATO] Chinese Shenyang F-8 II fighter.
Finder
       [USA] Signal intelligence missions, flown by RC-135Cs.
FINRAE
       [UK] Ferranti Intertial Rapid Alignment Equipment. Equipment to
       initialize the INS of a BAe Harrier. Developed during the Falkland
       War, to be used by Harrier GR.3s operated during shipboard operations.
FIP
       [USA] Fleet Introduction Program
FIR
       Flight Information Region
FIR
       Flight Incident Recorder
FIRAMS
       Flight Incident Recorder and Aircraft Monitoring System
Firebar
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-28 fighter.
Fire Can
       [NATO] Radar used with Soviet 57mm and 85mm AAA.
Firedog
       [UK] Operations against communist infiltration in Malaya,
       1948 -- 1960.
Firefly
       [USA/Laos/Thailand] Program under which Thai pilots flew Laotian
       aircraft, supplied by the USA, because of a shortage of Laotian
       pilots. 1964.
Fire Fly
       [USA] Also known as 'United Effort', see there.
FIS
       [USA] Fighter-Interceptor Squadron
	87th FIS  'Red Bulls'
       177th FIS  'Jersey Devils'
       178th FIS  'Happy Hooligans'
Fishbed
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 fighter.
Fishpond
       [UK] Rear-looking radar, based on H2S. 
Fishpool
       [UK] Modification of H2S navigation radars to detect aircraft. post-
       WWII.
Fishpot
       [NATO] Soviet Sukhoi Su-9 and Su-11 fighter.
Firebee
       [USA] The Ryan BQM-34A / MQM-34D RPV.
Firebee II
       [USA] The Ryan BQM-34E/F, a supersonic development of the Ryan 147 RPV,
       model 166.
Fishpond
       [UK] Rear-looking radar fitted to British bombers to detect
       enemy nightfighters during WWII.
Fitter
       [NATO] Soviet Sukhoi Su-7, Su-17, Su-20 and Su-22 fighter-bombers.
FitWing
       [USA] Fighter Wing
--FJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FJLIN
       [UK] Fast-Jet Lead-IN (training)
--FL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FL
       Flight Level
FLA
       [Europe] Future Large Airlifter, a proposed C-130 replacement.
FLA
       [Germany] Feld-Luftschiffer-Abteilung. Field Airship Section, equipped
       with (static) balloons for observation purposes during WWI.
Flabby
       [Allied] Operational condition of the defences against V-1 flying
       bombs, in 1944. 'Flabby' : Fighter only, AA guns not firing; 'Spouse':
       Fighters not flying, AA guns only; 'Fickle' : Guns firing up to 8000ft,
       fighters flying above.
Fl-Abt(A)
       [Germany] Artillerie-Flieger-Abteilung, artillery flying unit.
       Six aircraft each.
Flagon
       [NATO] Soviet Sukhoi Su-15 and Su-21 fighter.
Flanker
       [NATO] Soviet Sukhoi Su-27 fighter.
Flap Wheel
       [NATO] Gun laying radar for Soviet 130mm AAA.
Flash Dance
       [NATO] Radar of the MiG-31.
Flashlight
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-25 and Yak-27 fighters.
Flat Face
       [NATO] Radar used with SA-3 and SA-5.
Flat Jack
       [NATO] Radar radome of the Tu-126 'Moss'.
Flax
       [Allied] Operations against German and Italian transport aircraft
       ferrying supplies from Italy to Tunisia. 1943.
Flensburg
       [Germany] FuG 227 passive homing device, tracking the allied
       'Monica' tail-warning radar. Antennas were fitted to the outer
       wing panels, projecting from the leading edges.
Flight Edit
       [USA] Airfield Survey, performed by the NOAA for the FAA. Every
       airfield in the USA in surveyed every four years.
Flipper
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich Ye-152 fighter prototype.
FLIR
       Forward-Looking Infra-Red
Flogger
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 and MiG-27 fighters.
Flora
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-23 fighter.
FLOT
       [NATO] Forward Line of Own Troops
FLR
       Forward Looking Radar.
Fly Catcher
       [USA] One-time maintenance and revision effort of Cambodian
       T-28 attack aircraft, in 1975.
Flying Carpet
       [Belgium] Transfer of refugees from Amman to Cairo, 1990.
--FM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FMC
       Flight Management Computer
FMCS
       Flight Management Computer System
FMF
       [USA] Fleet Marine Force
FmG
       [Germany] Funkmessgeraete. Radio measuring equipment, a name for
       radar.
FMGC
       Flight Management Guidance Computer
FMRAAM
       [UK] Future Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile.
FMS
       [USA] Foreign Military Sales
FMS
       Flight Management System
FMV
       [Sweden] Defence materiel administration.
--FN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
FNFL
       [Free French] Forces Nationales Francaises Libres
--FO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
FO
       Fibre Optics
FOA
       [UK] Future Offensive Aircraft. British requirement for a
       replacement of the Tornado IDS. 
Foal Eagle
       [USA/Korea] Annual exercise of US and South Korean forces. 
FOAS
       [UK] Future Offensive Air System. Changed name for FOA, to
       indicate that the RAF will also consider unmanned vehicles.
FOB
       Forward Operating Base
FOBS
       Fractional Orbit Bombardment System
FOC
       Full Operational Capability, or Full Operational Clearance
FOD
       Foreign Object Damage, damage caused by dirt or stones sucked into
       jet engines.
FOFA
       [USA] Follow-On Forces Attack
Fo Fu
       [Germany] Forschungsfuhrung --- Research directorate (of the
       Luftwaffe).
FOG
       [USA] Finger-On-Glass. A touch-sensitive display screen.
FOG
       Fiber Optics Gyro
Fogbound
       [USA] USMC operations of EF-10B Skynight EW aircraft over Vietnam,
       1965-1969.
FOL
       Forward Operating Location
Follow On
       [USA] Modifiction of the F-86D all-weather interceptors to F-86L
       configuration, with integration in the SAGE system.
FOO
       [Allied] Forward Observation Officer. Naval officer accompanying the
       ground forces, to coordinate and direct fire support from warships
       at amphibious operations.
FOR
       Field Of Regard. Larger than the FOV of a detector, if it is
       gimballed. 
Forca Aerea Portuguesa
       [Portugal] Portugese Air Force
Foreign Legion
       [USA] Detachment of RC-135 tanker aircraft to Clark AB, Phillipines.
       Enlargment of 'Yankee Team'.
Forger
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-38 fighter.
Forget-me-nots       
       [UK] The Kiel canal, when referred to for aerial minelaying 
       ('Gardening').
Form 700
       [UK] Logbook of an aircraft
FORPRONU
       [NATO] French for UNPROFOR. 
Fortitude
       [Allied] Desinformation plan, to mislead the Germans about the
       location of the 1944 invasion. See also 'Skye' and 'Quicksilver'.
FOST
       [UK] Flag Officer Sea Training.
FOST
       [France] Force Oceanique Strategique. The French fleet of
       nuclear missile submarines.
FOT&E
       Follow-On Test & Evaluation
FOV
       Field Of View
Fox Able 14
       [USA] Flight of RF-80 reconnaissance aircraft from Lawson AFB,
       Georgia, to Germany. With six stops. 
Foxbat
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 fighter.
Foxer
       [UK] Noise-maker towed by escorts, against the German acoustic
       homing torpedoes. 
Fox Fire
       [NATO] Radar of the MiG-25 Foxbat-A
Foxhound
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-31 fighter.
Fox Peter
       [USA] Ferry flights of US aircraft over the Pacific during the
       Korean War, using in-flight refuelling.
--FP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FPA
       Focal Plane Array
FPB
       Fast Patrol Boat
FPF
       Final Protective Fire
FPV
       Force Projection Vehicle
--FQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
FQIS
       Fuel Quantity Indication System
--FR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
FR
       Flight Refuelling
FRA
       [UK] First-Run Attack
FRAM
       [USA] Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernisation
Frances
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Yokosuka P1Y Ginga / Kyokko fast bomber.
Frank
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubihi TK-4. Did not exist.
Frank
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima Ki.84 Hayate fighter.
Frank
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-9 fighter.
Frantic
       [Allied] 'Shuttle' bombardments of Germany. American bombers
       flew over Germany to the USSR and back. The USSR allowed -- under
       strict conditions -- American aircraft to use its bases.
FRC
       [UK] Flight Rules Computer
FRC
       [UK] Flight Reference Card
Fred
       [USA] Codename for the German Focke-Wulf Fw 190. It was not in Japanese 
       service.
Fred
       [NATO] US Bell P-63 Kingcobra fighter in Soviet service.
Freedom Train
       [USA] Limited bombing offensive against North Vietnam, began on
       April 2, 1972.
Freehand
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-36 fighter fighter.
Freestyle
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-141 fighter fighter.
Frequent Wind
       [USA] The evacuation by airlift of Saigon, April 1975.
Fresco
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 fighter.
Freshman
       [UK] Commando operation to destroyed the heavy water production
       plant and storage in Vermork, Norway. 19 November 1942. The
       operation was a complete failure. 
Freya
       [Germany] First German long-range ground radar. Range up to 120km, 
       80km in first models. Frequency 125MHz, range precision 125m, angle 
       precision 0.5 degrees. Introduced in 1938.
Friction
       [Canada] Canadian participation in the 1991 Gulf War.
Friedensengel
       [Germany] Winged torpedoes, developed during WWII. A more or less
       standard torpedo was fitted with short wings with endplates and a
       tail with twin fins. ABout 450 built.
Fritz
       [NATO] Soviet Lavochkin La-9 fighter.
Fritz X
       [Germany] WWII guided bomb, also known as FX-1400. Fritz-X sank the
       battleship Roma, damaged the battleships Italia and Warspite, sank
       the cruiser Spartan, damaged the cruisers Savannah and Uganda, and
       sank the destroyer Janus. Numerous merchant ships also fell victim
       to Fritz-X.
Frog
       [NATO] Free Rocket Over Ground, or Free flight Range Over Ground,
       or something else... A family of USSR unguided artillery rockets.
Frogfoot
       [NATO] Soviet Sukhoi Su-25 attack aircraft.
Frosty
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-10 attack aircraft.
FRS
       [USA] Fleet Replenishment Squadron
FRS
       [UK] Fighter, Reconaissance, Strike
Fruhlingserwachen
       [Germany] Relief operation for Budapest.
Fruhlingsfest
       [Germany] Anti-partisan operation in Byellorussia, 1944.
Fruhlingswind
       [Germany] Offensive in Tunesia, February 1943.
FRUMEL
       [USA] Fleet Radio Unit Melbourne. The name given in 1944
       to the Belconnen radio intelligence unit. 
--FS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FS
       [USA] Fighter Squadron
        21st FS  'Gamblers'
       526th FS  'Black Knights'
FSAT
       [USA] Full Scale Aerial Target. Radio-controlled conversions of
       older aircraft, as the QF-100 and QF-106.
FSCC
       Fire Support Coordination Centre
FSCL
       Fire Support Control Line
FSD
       Full Scale Development
FSS
       [USA] Flight Screening Squadron
FSW
       Forward Swept Wings
FS-X
       [Japan] Tactical fighter requirement, met by a US-Japanese
       development of the F-16. 
--FT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FTEG
       [USA] Flight Test and Engineering Group.
FTRFLT
       [USA] Fighter Flight
FTS
       [UK] Flight Training School
FTS
       [USA] Flight Training Squadron
FTU
       Fighter Training Unit
FTW
       [USA] Flying Training Wing
--FU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Fuerza Area Argentina
       [Argentina] Argentine Air Force
Fuerza Aerea del Ejercito Cubano
       [Cuba] Cuban Army Air Force.
Fuerza Aero Moviles del Ejercito de Tierra
       [Spain] Air-mobile force of the Spanish Army.
Fuerza Aerea Naval
       [Cuba] Naval Air Force.
Fuerza Aerea Salvadorena
       [El Salvador] Air Force of El Salvador
Fuerzas Aereas Venezolanas
       [Venezuela] Venezuelan Air Force
FuG
       [Germany] Funkengeraet. Radio equipment. Included:
       FuG 120 Bernhard / Bernhardine   secure radio link
       FuG 200 Hohentwiel               anti-ship radar for aircraft
       FuG 202 Lichtenstein BC          nightfighter radar
       FuG 212 Lichtenstein C-1         nightfighter radar
       FuG 218 Neptun                   nightfighter radar
       FuG 220 Lichtenstein SN-2        nightfighter radar
       FuG 227 Flensburg                radar warning receiver
       FuG 228 Lichtenstein SN-3        nightfighter radar         
       FuG 240 Berlin                   radar
       FuG 350 Naxos Z                  radar tracking receiver
Fu-Go
       [Japan] Attacks on the US during WWII, using balloons carrying
       incendiary bombs -- a mode of attack pioneered by the Austrians in
       1849.  The balloons were released in Japan and carried over the Pacific
       by jet streams. Began in November 1944.
Fulcrum
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 fighter.
Fulcrum Ghost
       [USA] Communications intelligence flight by SEMA aircraft.
Fulcrum Shield
       [USA] Imagery intelligence operations by SEMA aircraft.
Full Flow
       [UK] Exercise, in 1984, of the deployment of troops to Germany. 35000
       are transported by air.
Full House
       [USA] Escort missions for fighters of the 8th AF and 9th AF on
       D-day.
FuMG
       [Germany] Funkmessgeraete. Radio measuring equipment, a name for
       radar.
       FuMG 39  Wurzburg
       FuMG 41  Mannheim
       FuMG 74  Kulmsbach
       FuMG 74/76  Egerland
       FuMG 75  Kulmsbach
       FuMG 76  Marbach
       FuMG 451 Freiburg II
FuMO   [Germany] Funkmessortungsgeraete. Radio location equipment, a name
       for radar. 
Funryu
       [Japan] 'Raging Dragon', a series of SAM's developed by the
       Imperial Navy during WWII.
Fur ball
       (Jargon) Dogfight.
FUSAG
       [Allied] First US Army Group. 'Ghost Army' created as part of the
       desinformation campaign named Quicksilver (see there).
FuSE
       [Germany] Designation for radar sets.
       FuSE 64 Mannheim  (was FuMG 41)
       FuSE 66 Wurzburg Riese Gigant
       FuSE 67 Wurzbach
       FuSE 68 Ansbach I
       FuSE 69 Ansbach 2
       FuSE 70 Ansbach 3
       FuSE 71 Koburg IG
       FuSE 73 Koburg 3
       FuSE 75 Mannheim Riese Bamberg
--FW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FW
       [USA] Fighter Wing
FWIT
       Fighter Weapons Instructors Training
FWOC
       [UK] Forward Wing Operations Centre.
FWS
       Forward Swept Wing
--FX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
F-X
       [South Korea] Requirement for a new fighter for the South Korean
       AF.
--FY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
FY
       Fiscal Year. 1 October to 30 September.
--FZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
FZG
       [Germany] Flakzielgerat -- target for anti-aircraft artillery. The
       cover designation FZG 76 was applied to the V-1.

==G==========================================================================
--GA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
GA
       General Arrangment (drawing)
GA
       General Aviation
Gabel Adder
       [USA] Contingency plan for operations of the special forces in
       Panama. 1989. 
Gadfly
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-11, SA-N-7.
Ga Go
       [Japan] Second land attack against US positions on Guadalcanal.
       October 1942.
Gainful
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-6
Galahad
       [Allied] Allied special operations unit, operating in Northern Burma.
       Better known as "Merril's Marauders".
GALCA
       [France] Groupe d'Avitaion Legere de Corps d'Armee -- army corps
       light aircraft group.
GALDiv
       [France] Groupe d'Aviation Legere de Division -- divisional light
       aircraft group.
Galosh
       [NATO] Soviet Anti-Ballistic missile, ABM-1
GALReg
       [France] Groupe d'Aviation Legere de la Region -- regional light
       aircraft group.
GALSTA
       [France] Groupement ALAT de Section Technique de l'Armee de Terre.
GAM
       [USA] GPS-aided munition
GAM
       [France] Groupe Aerienne Mixte
       GAM 56  'Vaucluse'
GAM
       [USA] Air-to-Surface missile.
       GAM-63 Rascal
       GAM-67 Crossbow
       GAM-72 Quail
       GAM-77 Hound Dog
       GAM-83 Bullpup
       GAM-87 Skybolt
Game Warden
       [USA] USN operations in the Mekong Delta.
Gammon
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-5
Gander
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kokusai Ku-8 glider.
Ganef
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-4
GAO
       [USA] General Accounting Office
GAOA
       [France] Groupes d'Observation d'Artillerie
GAR
       [USA] Guided Aircraft Rocket
       GAR-1   AIM-4 Falcon (4 and 4A)
       GAR-2   AIM-4 Falcon (4B, 4C and 4D)
       GAR-3   AIM-4 Falcon (4E and 4F)
       GAR-4   AIM-4 Falcon (4G)
       GAR-8   AIM-9 Sidewinder
       GAR-9   AIM-47 Falcon
       GAR-11  AIM-26 Falcon (A and B)
Garden
       [Allied] Ground troop component of 'Market Garden'
Gardening 
       [UK] Minelaying by aircraft.
Gargoyle
       [USA] USN guided missile. Flown in 1944, but never operational.
Gaskin
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-9
GATS
       [USA] GPS-Aided Targeting System
GAU
       [USA] Designation for aircraft guns.
       GAU-2	Minigun    7.62mm  2000-6000rds/min   869m/sec
       GAU-4	Vulcan
		Derivative of the M61 Vulcan.
       GAU-7		   25mm
		Cancelled in 1974, was intended to replace the M61 Vulcan.
       GAU-8	Avenger    30mm    2100-4200rds/min  1066m/sec
       GAU-12	Equaliser  25mm    3600-4200rds/min  1100m/sec
       GAU-13		   30mm 	3000rds/min  1037m/sec
		Derivative of the GAU-8.
Gauntlet
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-15, SA-N-9
GAv
       [Brazil] Grupa de Aviacao -- Air Wing
Gazelle
       [NATO] Soviet Anti-Ballistic missile, ABM-3
--GB-------------------------------------------------------------------------		
GB
       [USA] Guided bomb, a standard bomb fitted with wings and a tail on twin
       booms.  The GB-1 series weapons were used by the 8th AF from 1944
       onwards, but had no guidance, effectively being glide bombs.  GB-4
       entered service in July 1944 with camera guidance, but suffered from
       unreliability.
       GB-1   glide bomb, unguided
       GB-4   TV-guidance
       GB-6   IR seeker
       GB-8   radio, visual control
       GB-12  Light-contrast anti-ship seeker
       GB-13  Light flare seeker
       GB-14  Active radar seeker
GBTS
       [USA] Ground-Based Training System
GBU
       [USA] Guided, or Glide Bomb Unit
--GC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GCA
       Ground Controlled Approach
GCAS
       Ground Collision Avoidance System
GCC
       Gulf Cooperation Council. Members are Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman,
       Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE. 
GC&CS
       [UK] Government Code & Cypher School. Also responsible for the
       decoding of German transmissions during WWII.
GCI
       Ground-Control of Interception
GCHQ
       [UK] Government Communications Headquarters
GCS
       Geometrical Cross-Section (to compare with RCS). 
GCT
       [USA] Government Competitive Test.
--GD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
GDA
       [Brazil] Grupo de Defensa Aerea -- air defence wing
GDE
       [UK] Graduate Direct Entrant (pilot student)
--GE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GE
       [France] Groupement Ecole
GE-ALAT
       [France] Groupe Ecole (Training Group) of the ALAT.
Gecko
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-8, SA-N-4
Gee
       [UK] For 'Grid'. A navigation system invented by the British during 
       WWII. A chain of radio stations emitted synchronized pulses;
       aircraft calculated their position from the phase shift between
       pulses. The range of GEE was 400 miles. GEE was used until 1970.
       Loran, Decca and Omega are based on the same principle.
Gee-H
       [UK] An improved Gee, that refined the position calculations by
       interrogating two beacons in England.
GEM
       Ground Effect Machine
Gemini
       [USA] A series of spaceflights, between Mercury and Apollo. 
Gen-X
       [USA] Generic Expendable. Expendable jammer, to replace POET. 
GEOREF
       Geographical Reference
George
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawanishi N1K1-J and N1K2-J fighters.
Gerboise Blue
       [France] Nuclear test, at Reggane in Algeria. 13 Februari 1960.
       The first of 11 tests in Algeria.
--GF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GFC
       Gun Fire Control
GFE
       Government-Furnished Equipment
GFHTI
       [France] Groupement des Formations d'Helicopteres -- Terre -- en
       Indochine. 
GFRP
       Glass-Fibre Reinforced Plastic
GFS
       [Hong Kong] Government Flying Service. Replaced the RHKAAF in
       1993.
--GG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GGS
       Gyro Gunsight. Devised in Britain during the early years of
       WWII, this calculates the required "lead angle". 
--GH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GH
       [USA] Gee-H, a more advanced development of 'Gee'.
GHA
       Greenwich Hour Angle
GHL
       [France] Groupe d'Helicopteres Legers -- light helicopter group
--GI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GI
       [France] Groupement d'Instruction -- Training Group.
Giant
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-12B
Giant Cobra       
      [USA] Detachment of RC-135 tanker aircraft to Tapao, Thailand,
      during the Vietnam war.
Giant Dragon       
       [USA] Detachment of U-2 reconaissance aircraft to South-East Asia.
Giant Voice
       [NATO] Yearly competition for bombers and attack aircraft.
GIB
       [USA] Guy In Back. Slang for WSO or RIO. 
Gimlet
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-16
GIRD
       [USSR] Rocket Propulsion Study Group, formed in 1931.
--GJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--GK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
GK
       [USSR] Germeticheskaya Kabina -- Pressured cabin.
--GL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Glad Customer
       [USA] Exercises in Australia.
Gladiator
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-12A
GLAM
       [France] Groupe de Liaison Aeriennes Ministerielles
Glaviaprom
       [USSR] Chief Directorate for the Aviation Industry.
GLCM
       [USA] Ground Launched Cruise Missile.
Glenn
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Yokosuka E14Y seaplane.
Glimmer
       [Allied] Operation of aircraft simulating a convoy near Boulogne,
       as a diversion of the invasion in Normandy. 6 June 1944. See also
       'Taxable'.
GLO
       [UK] Ground Liaison Officer
Global Hawk
       [USA] High-altitude, long-endurance reconnaissance UAV. The
       prototype was rolled out in 1997, service entry expected in
       2001. The jet-powered Global hawk has a wing span of 34.8m.
GLOC
       G-induced loss of consciousness
Glomb
       [USA] The Pratt-Read LBE glide bomb, a conversion of a light plane
       with a 1814kg warhead. 1942--1944.
Glonass
       [USSR] Soviet Equivalent to GPS. 
GLORIA
       [USA] Geographical Long Range Inclined Asdic
--GM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GMAv
       [UK] GEC Marconi Avionics
GMEA
       [France] Groupe de Manoevre de l'Ecolde d'Applications
GMT
       Greenwich Mean Time
GMT
       Ground Moving Target
GMTI
       Ground Moving Target Indication
--GN-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Gnat
       [UK] German Naval Acoustic Torpedo. British codename for 
       "Zaunkonig". 
Gnat-750
       [USA] Unmanned reconnaissance aircraft, sponsored by the CIA.
GNS
       Global Navigation System
--GO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Goa
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-3, SA-N-1
Goblet
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-N-3
Gold
       [Allied] One of the landing beaches used for 'Overlord'.
Gold Flake
       [UK] Deployment of Valiant bombers to Malta during the Suez crisis.
Goldenhammer
       [Germany] Anti-jamming system for flak radars.
Goldhaube
       [Austria] 'Golden Hat', the air defence system of Austria. It
       consists of three radar sites, two mobile radars, and two jet
       aircraft on quick reaction alert. Introduced in 1988.
Gold Seal
       [UK] The Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.20 101 engine.
Golf
       [NATO] Soviet submarine class
Gomorrah
       [UK] Bombardment of Hamburg, July 1943. The first use of
       "Window".
Goose
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kokusai Ku-8 glider.
Gopher
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-13
GOR
       [USA] General Operational Requirement
GOR 49
       [USA] The official  requirement for the Republic F-105.
Gorgon
       [USA] Missiles tested by the USN, 1945--1953.
GOSC
       General Officer's Steering Committee.
Gotenkopf
       [Germany] Assault on the Taman Peninsula.
--GP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GP
       General Purpose
GPALS
       [USA] Global Protection Against Limited Strikes. The less
       ambitious sequel to SDI. Later further reduced to TMD.
GPBUS
       General Purpose (data) Bus
GPI
       Glide Path Indicator
GPMG
       General-Purpose Machine Gun
GPS
       Global Positioning System. GPS uses a satellite network. The
       receiver interpretes the signals from the satellites to calculate
       an accurate position and speed. 
GPU
       Ground Power Unit
GPU
       [USA] Gun Pod Unit.
       GPU-2	  Pod with the M197 20mm gun.
       GPU-5	  Pod with a GAU-13 gun.
GPWS
       Ground-Proximity Warning System
--GQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GQ
       General Quarters (battle stations)
--GR-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GR
       [UK] Ground Attack, Reconaissance
Grace
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Aichi B7A Ryusei bomber.
Grail
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-7
Grand Slam
       [UK] 22000lb bomb, larger version of 'Tallboy'. (See Tallboy)
Grapes of Wrath
       [Israel] Operations against Hezbollah targets in Lebanon. April 
       1996.
Grapple
       [UK] Operations of the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force in support
       of UNPROFOR in Bosnia. 
Grapple
       [UK] Series of tests of H-bombs at the Christmas Islands, Pacific.
       1957.
Grasshopper
       [Allied] See 'Stickleback'.
GRCS
       [USA] "Guardrail/Common Sensor" - RC-12 based corps-level
       COMINT/DF/SIGINT system and associated ground systems (merges
       the old Guardrail and Quicklook into one platform).
GRD
       [Switzerland] Gruppe fur Rustungsdienste
Great Panjadrum
       [UK] Great Panjandrum was designed to demolish concrete fortifications.
       It consisted of two wheels, with rockets attached to them to propel the
       device, and two tons of explosives attached to the axle.  It was
       intended to be launched by landing ships.  Tests were a failure, but it
       may well ahve been only a deception move.  1944.
Green Bamboo
       [UK] Nuclear bomb, experimental only. A large 'boosted fission'
       weapons. Also used as codename for the UK H-bomb development effort.
Green Bean
       [Belgium] Evacuation of Belgians and Europeans from Ruanda, 1990.
Green Cheese
       [UK] Planned anti-ship weapon, a guided missile with a nuclear
       warhead ("Red Dean").
Green Flag
       Electronic Warfare exercise, held on Nellis AFB, Nevada, USA.
Green Granite
       [UK] Nuclear bomb. 'Green Granite Small' was a 300Kt thermonuclear
       device. 'Green Granite Large' was bigger, but yielded only 200Kt.
       Both were partial failures.
Green Grass
       [UK] Code name for a 'physics package', the actual nuclear weapon
       in a series of nuclear bombs --- the bomb casings had their own
       codenames. 'Green Grass' was a megaton warhead, but seems to have
       been a pure fission weapon, not a H-bomb.
Green Palm
       [UK] VHF jammer, designed for use against pre-1960 Soviet fighter
       control systems. 
Green Satin
       [UK] Doppler navigation radar. This was the first Doppler system
       in production. 
Gremlin
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-14
Griffon
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-5 (renamed Gammon)
Grindstone
       [USA] Modernization programme for the F-104C Starfighter. 1961.
Grisha
       [NATO] Soviet corvette class
Grisly Hunter
       [USA] INSCOM airborne intelligence program based on
       CASA-212 aircraft flown out of Panama.  Program is no
       longer active. Replaced by Fulcrum Shield. 
Grisom
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-19, SA-N-11
GRP
       Glass Reinforced Plastic
GRU
       [USSR]  Glavnoye Razvedyvatelnoye Upravleniye -- military intelligence
       service.
Grumble
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-10, SA-N-6
--GS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GS
       Ground Speed
GS
       Glide Slope
GSE
       Ground Support Equipment
GSh
       [USSR] Gryazev-Shipunov. (gun designers)
--GT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
GT
       [Brazil] Grupo de Transporte -- transport wing
GTS
       Gas Turbine Starter
--GU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GUAP
       [USSR] Chief Directorate of the Aviation Industry.
Guard Channel 
       [UK] 243.0MHz -- International Distress Frequency       
Guideline
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-2, SA-N-2.
       S-75 Tunguska. 
Guild
       [NATO] Soviet Surface-to-air missile, SA-1
Gulf Stream
       [Belgium] Logistic support flights for the Coalition units
       in the Gulf, 1990.
Gunboat
       [USA] Development program for the gunship version of the C-130.
Gun Dish
       [NATO] Gun-laying radar for ZSU-23-4 and ZSU-52-2 AAA sets.
Gunnerside
       [UK] Attempt to sabotage a heavy water production plant in
       Norway, February 1943. Successful.
Gunsmoke
       [USA] Exercise and competition for fighter-bomber squadrons
       at Nellis AFB, Nevada.
GU-RKKF
       [USSR] Glavoce Upravlenie-Raboche-Krestyanskogo Krasnogo
       Vozdushnogo Flota --- Chief directorate of the Workers and Peasants
       Military Air Fleet. Created in 1918.
Gus
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima AT-27. Did not exist.
--GV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GvOTBVP
       [USSR] Gvardeyskii Otdelni'i Transportni'i Boevoi Vertoletni'i Polk ---
       Guards Independent Combat Transport Helicopter Regiment.
--GW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
GW
       Guided Weapon
--GX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--GY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gymnast
       [Allied] Pland for invasion in French North Africa. Renamed
       Torch.
--GZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       

==H==========================================================================
H2S
       [UK] Ground-mapping radar. H2S worked on centimetric wavelengths.
       It gave a more or less clear image of the ground, and was used
       as navigation aid by bombers.
H2X
       [Allied] Improved version of H2S.
--HA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
HA
       [USA] USN attack helicopter squadron
       HA(L)-3 'Seawolves'
HAAC
       Helicopter Air-to-Air Combat
HAARS
       High-Altitude Airdrop Resupply System
Habbakuk
       [Allied] A project to create large "aircraft carriers" constructed 
       from "pykrete" --- a mix of ice and wood pulp. The need for such
       floating airfields soon disappeared. 
HAC
       [France] Helicoptere Anti-Char -- anti-tank helicopter.
HAD
       [UK] Home Aircraft Depot.
HADAS
       Helmet Airborbe Display And Sight
HADS
       Helicopter Air Data System
Haerens Flyvetjeneste's
       [Denmark] Army Aviation.
Hagelkorn
       [Germany] WWII long-range glided bomb.  Range was up to 200km if
       launched at 10500m; but guidance was a problem.	Hagelkorn was very
       streamlined and had high aspect ratio wings with steel cores and
       _concrete_ aerofoils.
HA-GO
       [Japan] Plan for an attack in Birma, that began in February 1944.
       Failed.
HAL
       [USA] USN: Light Helicopter Attack squadron.
       HAL-3   'Seawolves'
HALE
       High Altitude, Long Endurance
Hallstand
       [UK] Exercise to test communications. 1963.
HALO
       [UK] High Agility Low Observable. Reported BAe technology
       demonstrator for the FOA project.
HALO
       High Altitude, Low Opening. A parachuting technique.
HALO
       Hostile Artillery Locator
Halo
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-26 helicopter.
Halpro
       [USA] Plan to attack Japan with B-24 bomber based in Chiina, 1942.
       Cancelled.
Hamden
       [UK] Operations of UK land forces in Bosnia, as part of UNPROFOR.
       Later replaced by Resolute. 
Hamp
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi A6M Reisen with clipped 
       wing tips.
Hampden
       [UK] Surveillance of the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina by RAF
       aircraft. See also Sky Monitor, Grapple, Deny Flight, ... 
Han-guk Kong Goong
       [Korea] Korean Air Force (South)
Hank
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Aichi E10A seaplane
Hap
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi A6M Reisen with clipped
       wing tips, renamed 'Hamp' as a courtesy for general 'Hap' Arnold.
HAP
       [France] Helicoptere d'Appui et de Protection --- attack and escort
       helicopter.
HAR
       [UK] Helicopter, search-and-rescue
Hare
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-1 helicopter.
Harke
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-10 helicopter.
HARM
       [USA] High-Speed Anit-Radiation missile.  AGM-88A.
Harp
       [NATO] Soviet Kamov Ka-20 helicopter.
Harpune
       [Germany] Deception operation to divert attention from
       Barbarossa. 1941.
Harry
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi TK-4. Did not exist.
HARS
       Heading / Attitude Reference System
Harvest Reaper
       [USA] Modification programme for the F-111A.  1967.
HARV
       [USA] High-Alpha Research Vehicle. A modified F-18.
Harvey
       [UK] Launcher for 3in anti-aircraft rockets. WWII.
Harvey
       [USA] Development of radar absorbent materials
HAS
       Hardened Aircraft Shelter
HASC
       [USA] House Armed Services Committee.
HASP
       [USA] High Altitude Sampling Programme. Used WU-2A aircraft.
HASPA
       [USA] High Altitude Superpressure Powered Aerostat:  Navy programma for
       a high-altitude, remotely controlled airship for surveillance and data
       relay purposes.
HAST
       [USA] High-Altitude Supersonic Target:  Project for a target drone that
       is to fly at Mach 4 and at altitudes up to 30500m.
HAST
       [UK] Harrier Avionics Systems Trainer
Hat
       [NATO] Soviet Kamov Ka-10 helicopter.
Have Atlas
       [USA] Test pilot school senior project: the Adaptable Target Light
       Array system, whatever that is.
Have Blinders
       [USA] Test pilot school senior project: Visibility studies for the
       NASP.
Have Blue
       [USA] Precursor of the F-117, smaller, with inwards canted tailfins
       and much stronger wing sweep. 
Have Bounce
       [USA] Study of landing on rough surfaces. 
Have Charity
       [USA] U-2 test flights.
Have Dash
       [USA] Project for an active radar-guided missile (I) or a stealthy
       AAM (II).
Have Djinn
       [USA] ?
Have Drag
       [USA] Investigation into approach profiles for F-16s carrying stores
       and suffering from flame-outs. Test-pilots school project.
Have Dungeon
       [USA] Project to track cruise missiles and locate their launchers.
Have Echo
       [USA] U-2 test flights.
Have Flag
       [USA] Tactical missile project.
Have Lite
       [USA] Lighter version of the 'Have Nap' missile, AGM-142B. It
       weighs a mere 1115kg. 
Have Nap
       [USA] The AGM-142A missile, a development of the Israeli Popeye
       missile. AGM-142 weighs 1360kg. 
Have Pole
       [USA] Control system design using a specially equipped A-7, DIGITAC.
       Test pilots school senior project.
Have Quick
       [USA] Communications security system, i.e. a frequency-hopping
       radio.
Have Region
       [USA] Program to design a trans-atmospheric vehicle (TAV).
       1987.
Have Slick
       [USA] Low-observable submunitions dispenser. Have Slick is
       designed for conformal carriage and has a range of 35km. 
Have Stare
       [USA] X-band space surveillance radar. 
Have Thrust
       [USA] Upgrade programme for the AIM-9 Sidewinder missile.
Have Void
       [USA] Development of a concrete-penetrating bomb. Developed into the
       BLU-109/B.
Havoc
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-28 helicopter.
HAVOC-X
       [USA] Conversion of the Sikorsky H-3 to a Mi-24 Hind lookalike.
       Intended to for testing and training, but the program was
       cancelled. 
HAWFCAR
       [USA] Helicopter Adverse Weather Fire Control and Acquisition Radar.
Hawk
       [USA] Homing All the Way Killer -- the MIM-23 surface-to-air missile.
Hawk Eye
       [USA] SigInt missions above Vietnam, flown by EC-47s.
HAWTADS
       [USA] Helicopter Adverse Weather Traget Acquisition and Designation
       System.
Haymaker
       [USA] Conversion of the F-86F Sabre fighter to RF-86F reconaissance
       aircraft.
Haze
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-14 helicopter.
Hazel Flute
       [NATO] Exercise. 
--HB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--HC-------------------------------------------------------------------------
HC
       [USA] USN helicopter combat support squadron
HCA
       Heading Crossing Angle
HCDC
       [UK] House of Commons Defence Committee.
HCF
       High-Cycle Fatigue
HCP
       [France] Helicoptere de Combat Polyvalent. 
HCS
       Helicopter Combat Support
--HD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HDD
       Head Down Display
HDU
       Hose Drum Unit, or Hose Drogue Unit.
--HE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HE
       High Explosive
Headache
       [UK] Codename for the German "Knickebein" navigation aid. 
Head Dancer
       [USA] Boeing EC-135K, a TDCA aircraft.
Head Light
       [NATO] Radar for SA-N-3 Goblet.
Head Net
       [NATO] Soviet Shipboard surveillance radar.
HEAT
       High Explosive Anti-Tank
Hedgehog
       [UK] Anti-submarine weapon used by surface ships during WWII.  A
       mulitiple spigot mortar, that fired 24 explosive charges with contact
       fuses, in a circular pattern in front of the submarine hunter.
Hedgerow
       [UK] Minefield clearing weapon. A variation on 'Hedgehog', fitted to
       landing craft. The projectiles were fitted with 20in fuses, to detonate
       mines on the beaches by their blast.
HEL
       [USA] High Energy Laser program
Helen
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima Ki.49 Donryu bomber
Helios
       [Sweden] HELIcopter Observation System. In fact a sight
       incorporating a laser ranger. 
Helix
       [NATO] Soviet Kamov Ka-32, Ka-27, and Ka-29 helicopter.
Helosid
       [USA] Helicopter-dropped sensor, used during the Vietnam War.
HelSeaConWing
       [USA] Helicopter Sea Control Wing --- support organization for all USN
       shipboard helicopters.
Hen
       [NATO] Soviet Kamov Ka-15 helicopter.
Henaja
       [Germany] Helle Nachtjagd. Illuminated nightfighting: Nightfighters
       operated with the assistance of searchlights, that were controlled
       by Freya long-range radar. 
Hen House
       [NATO] Soviet Long-range early-warning ground radar.
HER
       [UK] High Explosive Research. Used as a cover for nuclear weapons
       development.
Herbstnebel
       [Germany] The offensive in the Ardennes. See also 'Wacht am Rhein'.
Hermit
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-34 helicopter.
Herod Committee
       [UK] 'High Explosive Research Operational Distribution' Committee,
       which controlled the introduction in service of nuclear weapons. See
       also Salome.
HESH
       High Explosive Squash Head
Heyl Ha'Avir
       [Israel] Israeli Air Force, part of the la Tsvah Haganah le Israel --
       Israel Defence Force.  IDF/AF. This name was adopted in 1953.
Heeresflieger
       [Germany] Army Air Force.
--HF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HF
       High Frequency
HFDF
       [UK] High Frequency Direction Finder. Device that enabled the Allied
       to obtain a quick 'fix' on radio transmissions by German submarines.
HFK
       [Germany] Heeresflieger Kommando
HFR
       Height Finding Radar
HFS
       [Germany] Heeresfliegerstaffel -- army air squadron
HFS
       [Germany] Hubschrauberfuhrerschule. Helicopter flying school. 
HFT
       [Denmark] Haerens Flyvetjeneste's --- army aviation.
HFWS
       [Germany] Heeresfliegerwaffenschule -- army air weapons school
--HG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HGM
       [USA] Silo-stored, guided ground-to-ground Missile. 'Silo stored'
       means that the engines cannot be fired inside the silo, the
       missile must be moved outside first. 
       HGM-16 Atlas
       HGM-25 Titan
--HH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HHC
       [USA] Headquarters & Headquarters Company
HHO
       [Turkey] Hava Harp Okulu --- Air Academy.
HHS
       [USA] Headquarters & Headquarters Squadron
HHT
       [USA] Headquarters & Headquarters Troop
--HI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HIAC
       [USA] High Altitude Camera.  This weighed nearly 2000kg, and was
       carried in a side-looking configuration by the RB-47F.
HIBM
       [Turkey] Hava Ikmal Bakim Merzeki --- Air Supply and Maintenance
       Center.
Hi-Camp
       [USA] Highly Calibrated Airborne Measurements Programme.	A support
       programme for 'Teal Ruby'.
Hickory
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Tachikawa Ki.54 transport and trainer.
HIDACZ
       High Density Airspace Control Zone
HIDEC
       [USA] Highly Integrated Digital Electronic Control
HIDSS
       [USA] Helmet Integrated Display Sighting System
HIFR
       Hover In-Flight Refuelling
Highball
       [UK] 'Bouncing' bomb for anti-shipping operations. Highball was
       a spherical, rotating bomb, launched at low altitude against
       ships, bouncing towards the ship's hull.
High Castor
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1966.
High Drink
       [USA] System of refuelling helicopters from ships. The helicopter
       would not land on the ship, but lower a fuel line instead. 
High Fix
       [NATO] Radar of the Su-17 'Fitter-C' and of the early MiG-21.
High Flight
       [USA] Route from the US to Sidi Slimane, Morocco, where the USAFE once
       had a training center.
High Game
       [USA] SATCOM system.
High Jump
       [USA] Time-to-height record attempts by F4H-1 Phantom II. 1962.
High Jupiter
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1968.
High Lark
       [NATO] Radar of the MiG-23 'Flogger'.
High Lune
       [NATO] Height Finding radar used with SA-N-2 Guideline.
High Rider 2
       [UK] Deployment of the RAF's Strike/Attack Operational Evaluation
       Unit to the USA. 1997
High Rigel
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1965.
Highspeed
       [USA] Fly-off between the F-106 Delta Dart and F-4 Phantom, leading to
       the selection of the F-4 by the USAF.
High Tide
       [USA] Operational evaluation of KB-29 tanker aircraft and
       probe-equipped F-84s during the Korean War. Continuation of
       project Collins.
High Venus
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1967.
High Wire
       [USA] Standardization and upgrading
       program for the F-100D.	1962.
HIHO
       High Insertion, High Opening.
Hiko
       [Japan] Air-, as in Hiko Sentai, Hiko Rentai, Hiko Chutai, etc.	See
       Sentai, Rentai, Chutai...
Hikobuntai
       [Japan] Squadron, 9 to 12 aircraft.
Hikodan
       [Japan] Air Division, of the Japanese Army.
Hikokitai
       [Japan] Unit of carier aircraft, 18 or 27 aircraft. The number was
       reduced to 16 in 1944.
Hiko Sentai
       [Japan] Air Group, of the Japanese Army.
Hikoshidan
       [Japan] Air Division, of the Japanese Army.
Hikotai
       [Japan] Carrier air group. Two or three Hikokitai. 
HILO
       High Insertion, Low Opening
HIMAD
       High and Medium Altitude Air Defense
HiMAT
       [USA] Highly Manoeuvrable Aircraft Technology:  a research RPV for
       investigation into the aerodynamics of highly-maneuvrable fighters.
HIMEZ
       [NATO] High Missile Engagment Zone
Himmelbett
       [Germany] Nightfighter control system, introduced at the end of
       1942. Nightfighters carrying Lichtenstein B/C radar operated with
       the assistance of two Wurzburg ground-based radars, one tracking the
       fighters and one for the traget.
Hind
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-24 helicopter.
Hip
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-8 and Mi-17 helicopter.
Hirschgeweih
       [Germany] Stag's Antlers. Antenna arragment for the
       Lichtenstein SN-2 nightfighter radar. 
HIRSS
       [USA] Helicopter Infra-Red Suppression System
HISAR
       [USA] Hughes Integrated Surveillance and Reconnaissance system, a
       ground mapping radar. Installed on a Beech King Air B200T.
HiSSS
       [USA] High Speed Strike System
Hiwi
       [Germany] Hilfswillige. Soviet volunteer in the Wehrmacht.
--HJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--HL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
HLH
       Heavy-Lift Helicopter
HLWE
       Helicopter Laser Warning Equipment
--HM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HM
       [USA] USN mine-sweeper helicopter squadron
       HM-14  'The Vanguard'
       HM-18  'Norsemen'
       HM-19  'Golden Bears'
HMD
       Helmet-Mounted Display
HMDS
       Helmet-Mounted Display System
HMG
       [UK] Her (His) Majesty's Government
HMMWV
       [USA] High-Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle
HMP
       [Belgium] Heavy Machine-Gun Pod
HMS
       Helmet Mounted Sight
HMS
       [UK] Her (His) Majesty's Ship
HMSS
       [UK] Helmet-Mounted Symbology System
HMTE
       [USA] High Mach Turbine Engine
HMU
       Helmet-Mounted Unit
--HN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--HO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hobo
       [USA] Armed reconaissance mission, flown by A-1 Skyraiders in
       Vietnam.
HOBOS
       [USA] Homing Bomb System.  A large family of guided bombs, first
       introduced in combat in 1969.
HOE
       [USA] Homing Overlay Experiment. An experiment to intercept the
       reentry vehicle of a ballistic missile with another missile.
       1984.
Hog
       [NATO] Soviet Kamov Ka-18 helicopter.
Hohentwiel
       [Germany] FuG 200 anti-ship radar.
Hokum
       [NATO] Soviet Kamov Ka-50 helicopter.
Hokum-X
       [USA] Conversion of a Bell AH-1 Cobra to simulate a Ka-50 'Hokum'
       for training. To emulate the radar signature of the contra-
       rotating, co-axial rotors of the Ka-50, a special transponder
       is used. 
Holdfast
       [UK] Exercise, 1952.
Holy Moses
       [USA] 5in aircraft rocket.  Also known as HVAR.
Homer
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-12 helicopter.
Homing Eye
       [UK] Infrared missile guidance system. Also known as 'Bay
       Window'. 
Hoodlum
       [NATO] Soviet Kamov Ka-26 and Ka-126 helicopters.
Hook
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-6 helicopter.
Hookah
       [UK] Equipment which allowed Mosquito nightfighters to home in to
       the emissions of radar jammers. It had a number of rectangular
       horn aerials fitted to the wings; the inlets were covered with
       perspex. 
Hoop
       [NATO] Soviet Kamov Ka-22 helicopter.
Hoplite
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-2 helicopter.
Hop Up
       [USA] Upgrade programme for the F-94C, to cure it numerous technical
       problems and install ejection seats.  1954.
Horev
       [Israel] Actions against Egypt, 1948 -- 1949.
Horizon
       [France] Development of Orchidee, a battlefield surveillance
       radar system. Radar is carried by helicopters, linked to a ground
       station. "Helicoptere d'Observation Radar et d'Investigation
       sur ZONe". 
Hormone
       [NATO] Soviet Kamov Ka-25 helicopter.
Horse
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-24 helicopter.
Horsefly
       [UK] Testing of the Plessey MAWS system for the Harrier GR.5 at the
       NWC, China Lake, California.
Horus
       [France] See Orchidee.  This name was applied to its deployment as part
       of Daguet (See there too).
HOT
       Haut Subsonique, Optiquement Teleguide, Tire d'un tube --- High
       subsonic, optically-guided, fired from a tube. A helicopter-carried
       anti-tank missile.
HOTAS
       Hands on Throttle And Stick
Hot Brick
       [USA] AN/ALQ-174 infrared countermeasures system.
Hot Brick
       [NATO] Soviet IR jammer. 
Hotel
       [NATO] Soviet submarine class.
HOTOL
       Horizontal Take-Off and Landing
Hot Rod
       [USA] Evaluation of the North American F-100A Super Sabre, in 1955.
Hot Shot
       [USA] The development of the AIM-7 Sparrow AAM.
Hound
       [NATO] Soviet Mil Mi-4 helicopter.
--HP-------------------------------------------------------------------------
HP
       High Pressure
HPA
       [USA] High Power Amplifier
HPTS
       [USA] High Power Transmit System
--HQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HQ
       Headquarters
HQAC
       [UK] HeadQuarters Air Cadets
--HR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--HS-------------------------------------------------------------------------
HS
       [USA] USN helicopter anti-submarine warfare squadron
       HS-7  'Shamrocks'
       HS-9  'Sea Griffens'
       HS-12 'Wyverns'
HSAB
       [US] Heavy Stores Adepter Beam, an extension for the wing pylons
       of B-52s that allows to carry larger bomb racks. 
HSCT
       High-Speed Commercial Transport
HSI
       Horizontal Situation Indicator. The high-tech version of a
       compass. 
HSL
       [USA] USN light helicopter anti-submarine warfare squadron
HSL
       [UK] High-Speed Launch. Small, fast boat, often used as rescue
       ship, also operated by the RAF. 
HSS
       Helicopter Support Ship
HSS
       [France] Haut SubSonique. Anti-tank missile project. 1962.
HSU
       Hero of the Soviet Union
--HT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
HT
       High Tension
HTP
       High Test Peroxide.
HTS
       [USA] HARM Targeting System
HTOVL
       Horizontal Take-Off, Vertical Landing
HTOHL
       Horizontal Take-Off, Horizontal Landing
--HU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HUD
       Head-Up Display. On an aircraft, projects data on a transparent
       screen in front of the pilot. The first appeared in the UK in
       the early 1960s.
HUDWAC
       [UK] Head-Up Display Weapon Aiming Computer. The first digital
       HUD, developed in Britain, 1968.
HUDWASS
       Head-Up Display Weapon Aiming Sub-System
HUET
       [UK] Helicopter Underwater Escape Training
Huff Duff
       [UK] See HFDF.
HUK
       Hunter-Killer Force
HUMINT
       Human Intelligence
HumpAlCo
       [USA] Hump Allocations And Control. Control organisation for the
       'Hump', the WWII India-China air transport service.
HUMS
       Health and Usage Monitoring System
Hurricane
       [UK] First British nuclear test. At Monte Bello Islands, near
       Australia, in 1952.
Husky
       [Allied] Invasion of Sicily, July 1942.
--HV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
HVAR
       [USA] High-Velocity Aircraft Rocket, the 5 inch 'Holy Moses' and
       later 'Zuni' rockets.
HVM
       [USA] Hyper-Velocity Missile
--HW-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--HX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--HY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
HySTP
       [USA] Hypervelocity System Technology Program
HYWARDS
       [USA] HYpersonic WeApons Research and Development supporting
       System. Project for a technology demonstrator for 'ROBO' and
       'Brass Bell'. HYWARDS was intended to fly at Mach 18. Although
       never built, the HYWARDS study was valuable. It featured the
       blunt nose, the small low-set delta wing, and other features
       of the Space Shuttle. 
--HZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       

==I==========================================================================
I^2R
       Imaging Infra-Red
--IA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
IAC
       [Ireland] Irish Air Corps
IACS
       [USA] Integrated Acoustic Communications System. Used to
       communicate with submarines.
IADS
       Integrated Air Defense System
IAM
       [UK] Institute of Aviation Medicine
IAP
       [USSR] Istrebitelnye Aviatsionnye Polki -- Fighter Aviation
       Regiment.
IAPS
       Integrated Avionics Processor System
IAS
       Indicated Airspeed
IATA
       International Air Transport Association
--IB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
IB
       [USSR] Istrebitel Bombardirovschik --- fighter bomber, as in
       Su-27IB.
IBAHRS
       Inflatable Body And Head RestraintS
--IC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ICAO
       International Civil Aviation Organisation
ICAP
       [USA] Improved Capability Programme
ICBM
       InterContinental Ballistic Missile
ICE
       [Germany] Improved Combat Efficiency. An upgrade of the F-4 Phantom II.
ICE
       [USA] Innovative Control Effector. A research program in aircraft
       control systems.
Iceberg
       [USA] Landing on Okinawa. 1944.
Ichigo
       [Japan] Operations in South China, March 1944.
ICMS
       Integrated Counter Measures
ICNIA
       [USA] Integrated Communication, Navigation and Identification
       Avionics.
ICS
       InterCom System
ICV
       Infantry Combat Vehicle
--ID-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ID
       Identification
Ida
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Tachikawa Ki.36 and Ki.55 
       army-cooperation and training aircraft.
IDA
       Initial Design Activity
IDF
       [Taiwan] Indigenous Defence Fighter, the Ching-Kuo.
IDF
       Instantaneous Direction Finder
IDF/AF
       [Israel] Israeli Defence Force / Air Force
Idflieg
       [Germany] Inspectorate for aircraft. WWI.
IDM
       [USA] Improved Data Modem. Replaced ATHS.
IDR
       Initial Design Review
IDS
       Infra-Red Detection Set
IDS
       InterDictor / Strike. Panavia Tornado version.
--IE-------------------------------------------------------------------------
IEPG
       [NATO] Indepedent European Program Group. Organization to enhance
       the European armament industry.
Ieshi la Wanachi la Tanzania
       Air Force, Tanzanian People's Army
--IF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
IF
       Intermediate Frequency (generated inside a superheterodyne
       receiver). 
IFF
       Identification Friend or Foe
IFIS
       [UK] Integrated Flight Instruments System
IFOR
       [NATO] Implementation FORce, to enforce the Dayton peace treaty for
       Bosnia. 1995.
IFOV
       Instantaneous Field Of View. What one can see without turning
       one's head.
IFR
       Instrument Flight Rules
IFR
       In-Flight Refuelling
IFREP
       [UK] In-Flight Report
IFS
       [USA] USN: Inshore Fire Support Ship
IFT
       [UK] Intensive Flying Trials 
IFTU
       [UK] Intensive Flying Trials Unit
IFV
       Infantry Fighting Vehicle
--IG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
IGE
       In Ground Effect. Usually indicated by the operational ceiling of 
       helicopters; this is the ceiling if the heli is flown near to the 
       earth's surface, i.e. in mountaineous terrain. The air compressed 
       between the surface and the aircraft increases the performance. A 
       similar effect applies to fixed-wing aircraft.
Igloo White
       [USA] Monitoring, with sensors and aircraft, of the Ho Chi Minh
       Trail in Laos. Thousands of sensors of different types were
       air-dropped over the road network. 
I Go
       [Japan] Offensive in the Solomon islands, April 1943.
--IH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
IHADSS
       [USA] Integrated Helmet And Display Sighting System
IHE
       [USA] Insensitive High Explosive. These are mainly intended for
       nuclear bombs. These explosives have a lower yield, but are much
       safer to use. 
IHPTET
       [USA] Integrated High-Performance Turbine Engine Technology
IHS
       Integrated Helmet System
--II-------------------------------------------------------------------------
II
       Image Intensifier
IIR
       Imaging Infra-Red
--IJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--IK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ikarus
       [Germany] Plan for the occupation of Iceland, 1940. 
--IL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ilmailuvoimat
       [Finland] Air Force. Created in 1918.
Ilmavoimat
       [Finland] Air Force.
ILRV
       [USA] Integrated Launch and Re-entry Vehicle.
ILS
       Instrument Landing System
Iluft
       [Germany] Inspectorate for airships. WWI.
--IM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
IM
       [USA] Intercept missile, i.e.  Surface-to-Air missile.
IMC
       Image Motion Compensation
IMC
       Instrument Meteorological Conditions
IMI
       [USA] Improved Manned Interceptor
IMINT
       Imagery Intelligence
IMM
       [Malta/Italy] Italian Military Mission, in Malta. Italian acronym
       is MICTM.
IMN
       Indicated Mach Number
IMT
       [USA] Inflight Maintenance Technician. On board of e.g. RC-135s 
       on long-range missions. 
--IN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
IN
       [India] Indian Navy
INA
       [India] Indian National Army. Rebel forces, fighting alongside
       the Japanese during WWII. 
INAS
       Integrated Navigation / Attack System, or
       Inertial Navigation / Attack System. 
Indigo Corkscrew
       [UK] Later name for Red Brick. Radar system associated with the
       Bloodhound SAM. Later renamed Indigo Corkscrew.
INEWS
       [USA] Integrated Navigation / Electronic Warfare System
INS
       Inertial Navigation System.
INSCOM
       [USA] Intelligence and Security Command of the US army. Created
       in 1977 from USAIC and USASA. 
Insect
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 21 July 1942.
Insel
       [Germany] Series of variable-frequency oscillators for Flak
       radars. There were A (around 560mHz), B (around 530mHz) and
       C (around 490MHz) models. 
Intense Look
       [USA] Clearing of Libyan mines in the Gulf of Suez and the Red Sea, 
       1984.
INTERACT
       [USA] Integrated Research Aircraft Control Technology.
INU
       Inertial Navigation Unit
INVH
       Integrated Night Vision Helmet.
--IO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
I/O
       Input/Output
IO
       Integrated Optics. Manipulation of light inside thin-film
       waveguides.
IOC
       Initial, or Interim Operational Capability
IOC
       Input/Output Converter
IOIS
       [USA] Integrated Operational Intelligence System, for the US
       Navy.
Ione
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Aichi AI-104. Did not exist.
IOR
       Immediate Operational Requirement
--IP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
IP
       Initial Point, for attack run
IP
       Instructor Pilot
IP
       Intermediate Pressure
--IQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--IR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
IR
       Infra Red
IRADS
       [USA] Infra-Red Acquisition and Detection System
I-RAMS
       [USA] Integrated Retractable Aircraft Munition System, for the
       RAH-66 Comanche.
IRAN
       [USA] Inspect and Repair As Necessary, a maintenance procedure. 
IRBM
       Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile
IRCCM
       Infrared Counter-counter Measures
IRCM
       Infrared Counter Measures
IRD
       [UK] InfraRed Decoy
IRDS
       [USA] Infra Red Detection System
Irene
       [USA] Codename for the German Junkers Ju 87 dive bomber, 
       that was not in Japanese service.
IRH
       Infrared Homing
IRIAF
       [Iran] Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force.
IRLS
       Infra-Red Line Scan
Iron Age
       [USA] Deployment of USAF C-119 transport aircraft to the
       Philippines, ready to support French operations in Indochina. The
       aircraft were painted with French markings. 
Ironclad
       [UK] Invasion of Madagascar in 1942. The island was held by
       French troops of the vichy-regime. 
Iron Hand
       [USA] Early 'Wild Weasel' missions over Vietnam, 1965.
Iron Lung
       [USA] Boeing KC-135R and RC-135M, ELINT aircraft.
Iron Magic
       [USA] Joint amphibious exercises of the USA and the United
       Emirates in the Persian Gulf, 1996. 
IRS
       Inertial Reference System
IRST
       Infrared Search and Track
IRSTS
       Infrared Search and Track Sensor
Irving
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima J1N Gekko fighter
IRWR
       Infra-Red Warning Receiver
--IS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ISA
       International Standard Atmosphere
ISADS
       [USA] Innovative Strategic Aircraft Design Study.
ISAR
       [USA] Inverted Synthetic Aperture Radar. Intended for the EH-101
       Merlin helicopter.
ISD
       In Service Date
ISIS
       [UK] Integrated Strike and Interception System. Series of sights
       developed in the 1960s.
ISIS
       Isochronical Scheduled Inspection System
Island Spirit
       [USA] Deployment of B-2 bombers to Andersen AFB, Guam.
       1998. 
ISO
       International Standardisation Organisation
--IT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ITP
       [USSR] Istrebitel'tyazhely Pushechny --- Heavy Fighter, cannon-armed.
ITP
       Intent to Purchase
ITP
       Instruction to Proceed
ITT
       Invitation To Tender
ITT
       [USA] Integrated Test Team
--IU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
IUKADGE
       [UK] Improved United Kingdom Air Defence Ground Environment
--IV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
IVS
       Interactive Voice System
IVSS
       [USA] Interim Vector Scoring System. Fitted to target aircraft. 
--IW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
I/WAC
       [USA] Interface/ Weapon Aiming Computer, fitted to USMC AV-8A Harriers
       in place of the more complicated British FE541 navigation system.
IWS
       Integrated Weapon System
--IX-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
IX
       [USA] USN:  Unclassified Auxiliary.
       IX-64 Wolverine	(Training carrier)
       IX-81 Sable	(Training carrier)
IXSS
       [USA] USN:  Unclassified Auxiliary Submarine
--IY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--IZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==J==========================================================================
J
       [China] Jian -- Fighter
--JA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JAA
       Joint Airworthiness Authorities
JAAT
       Joint Air Attack Team
Jack
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi J2M Raiden fighter.
Jade
       [USA] Codename for an advanced Japanese cryptography system.
       Code broken in 1943.
JAF
       [USA] Joint Attack Fighter
JAFE
       [USA] Joint Advanced Fighter Engine
Jake
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Aichi E13A seaplane.
JAN
       [USA] Joint Army-Navy
Janice
       [USA] Codename for the German Junkers Ju 88 bomber, erronously 
       assumed to be in Japanese service.
JAR
       Joint Airworthiness Requirements
JASDF
       [Japan] Japan Air Self-Defence Force
JAST
       [USA] Joint Advanced Strike Technology. Renamed JSF later.
Jasta
       [Germany] Jagdstaffel --- fighter squadron.
JATO
       Jet-Assisted Take-Off. More correct: Rocket-Assisted Take-Off (RATO).
Jay Bird
       [NATO] Small radar set, used by the MiG-25U Foxbat-C trainer and
       the MiG-21MF.
Jaywick
       [Allied] Raid by Britsh commando units on Singapore Harbour. 1943.
--JB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JB
       [USA] Jet powered bomb.
       JB-1  Northrop JB-1 'Bat', a twin-jet flying-wing guided bomb.
       JB-2  Americanized German V-1 flying bomb.
       JB-3  Air-to-Air missile with rocket engine and SARH homing.
       JB-4
       JB-5  Rocket.
       JB-6  Rocket.
       JB-7  Pilotless bomber.
       JB-10 Northrop JB-10 flying-wing jet-engined cruise missile.
JBG
       [Germany] Jagdbombergeschwader -- fighter bomber wing
       JBG 31 'Boelcke'
--JC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JCS
       [USA] Joint Chiefs of Staff
--JD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JDAM
       [USA] Joint Direct Attack Munition. Guidance system for a 
       'smart bomb' with a GPS navigation system and (in a later phase) 
       an imaging seeker. Under development. The current versions employ
       2000lb warheads. 
--JE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Jean
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Yokosuka B4Y bomber.
JEFTS
       [UK] Joint Elementary Flying Training Squadron
Jei Kantai
       [Japan] Japanese self defence fleet, JMSDF.
Jericho
       [UK] Bombardment on the Amiens prison, on 18 February 1944, in a
       desperate attempt to free 180 resistance members convicted to death.
Jerry
       [USA] Codename for the German Heinkel He 112 fighter. Japan had 
       bought some, but these were not used in combat during WWII.
Jezebel
       [USA] AQA-3 long-range acoustic search equipment for ASW aircraft.
       This is passive system, used together with the active 'Julie'
       system.
--JF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JFACC
       Joint Force Air Component Commander
JFC
       Joint Force Commander
--JG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JG
       [Germany] Jagdgeschwader -- fighter wing
       JG 71 'Richthofen'
       JG 74 'Molders'
JGSDF
       [Japan] Japanese Ground Self-Defence Force.
--JH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JHSU
       Joint Helicopter Support Unit
--JI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JIAWG
       [USA] Joint Integrated Avionics Working Group
JIF
       [UK] Japanese Inspired Fifth columnist.
Jill
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima B6N bomber.
Jim
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima Ki.43 fighter. unofficial.
Jindalee
       [Australia] Over-the-horizon backscattering radar.
Jinrai Butai
       [Japan] Unit of the Thundergods. A suicide attack unit, equipped
       mainly with the Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka manned, rocket-powered bomb. 
Jinx
       [UK] Plan for to attack, in early 1945, Japanese warships based
       in Singapore with Beaufighters based in Ceylon, with a stop on
       Cocos Island. After much preparation, someone had the common
       sense to cancel this operation. 
--JJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
--JK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--JL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
JLRSS
       [USA] Joint Long Range Strategic Study
--JM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JMC
       Joint Maritime Course
JMFU
       [USA] Joint Force METOC Forecast Unit
JMO
       Joint Maritime Operations
JMO
       [USA] Joint METOC Officer, attached to a Joint Force Commander's 
       Staff.
JMSA
       [Japan] Japanese Maritime Safety Agency
JMSDF
       [Japan] Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force
--JN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--JO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
JOC
       [USA] Joint Operations Centre
Joe
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese TK-19. Did not exist.
Joe 4
       [USA] Codename for the first Soviet H-bomb test, 12 August 1953.
Joint Endeavour
       [NATO] Operation of the IFOR in Bosnia, to control the
       implementation of the Dayton Peace Agreement.
JOOD
       [USA] Junior Officer of the Deck (USN)
JOOW
       [USA] Junior Officer of the Watch (USN)
JOR
       [USA] Joint Operational Requirement
JORD
       [USA] Joint Operational Requirements Document, requirements
       published by the USAF and USN. 
Jostle
       [Allied] Jamming of German R/T communications, with a big 2.5kW
       airborne jammer. 
Joyce
       [USA] Codename for a Japanese aircraft, supposed to be built 
       by Tachikawa. Did not exist.
--JP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JP
       Jet Propulsion. Used to designate different grades of jet fuel.
JPATS
       [USA] Joint Primary Aircraft Trainer System, a basic trainer to
       replace the T-37 and T-34C. The competition was finally won by
       the Rayheon Beech Mk II, a modified Pilatus PC-9. 
JPL
       [USA] Jet Propulsion Laboratory of Caltech.
JPT
       Jet Pipe Tempature
--JQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--JR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--JS-------------------------------------------------------------------------
JSCP
       [USA] Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan
JSF
       [USA] Joint Strike Fighter. New name for JAST. 
JSOP
       [USA] Joint Strategic Objectives Plan
JSOR
       [USA] Joint Systems Operational Requirements
JSORD
       [USA] Joint Systems Operational Requirements Document, requirements
       published by the USAF and USN. Now replaced by 'JORD'.
JSOW
       [UK/USA] Joint Stand-Off Weapon. Texas Instruments--Shorts proposal
       for the CASOM requirement.
JSSA
       [USA] Joint Stealth Strike Aircraft
J-STARS
       [USA] Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System. The
       Grumman E-8, equipped with a 24ft long, advanced synthetic
       aperture radar. 
JSTU
       [UK] Joint Service Trials Unit
--JT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
JTDE
       [USA] Joint Technology Demonstrator Engine
JTIDS
       [UK/USA] Joint Tactical Information Distribution System. A tactical 
       communications and display system that combines and realys
       information from several sources, such as aircraft, ground stations,
       vehicles and ships. 
JTF
       [USA] Joint Task Force
JTS
       [USA] Joint Training Squadron
--JU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jubilant
       [Allied] Plan for a paratroop assault on POW camp. 
Judy
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Yokosuka D4Y bomber.
Judy
       [RAF] Signal used by nightfighters, indicating that they had
       established radar contact. 
Jugoslovensko Ratno Vazduhoplovstvo
       [Yugoslavia] Yugoslav Air Force.
Ju Jitsu
       [USA/UK] Overflights of the USSR by RB-45C's, on loan from the USAF
       to the RAF, with British crews. One flight by three aircraft in 1952,
       another one a year and a half later.
Julia	
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Type 97 heavy bomber. Did 
       not exist. (Was Ki.48)
Julie
       [USA] Explosive echo-sounding gear for ASW aircraft. Used in
       combination with 'Jezebel', a passive acoustic detection system.
Jumping Jack
       [USA] Emergy group of aircraft tankers, in support of B-52 bombers
       returning from attacks on North-Vietnam.
Jump Moat
       [NATO] Delivery flight of 53 Canadian CF-100 fighters to Belgium. 
June
       [USA] Codename for the seaplane version of the Japanese 
       Aichi D3A dive bomber. Did not exist. (Was E13A)
June Primer
       [NATO] Exercise, June 1952.
Jungle Jim
       [USA] See "Farm Gate".
Juno
       [Allied] One of the landing beaches used for 'Overlord'.
Jural
       [UK] British contribution to 'Southern Watch'.
Just Cause
       [USA] Invasion of Panama, 1988. See also Acid Gambit, Prayer
       Book, Blue Spoon, Post Time, Klondike Key, Blind Logic, and
       other codenames...
--JV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--JW-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--JX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--JY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--JZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==K==========================================================================
K
       [USSR] Korrektirovchik --- Corrector. Meaning artillery spotter,
       as in the Mi-24K 'Hind-G2'.
--KA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Kadesh
       [Israel] Israeli operations that initiated the Suez conflict. 1956.
KAF
       [Cambodia] Khmer Air Force
Kagohl
       [Germany] Kampfgeschwader der OHL, bombing units directly assigned to
       the OHL, the headquarters of the armed forces, instead of assigned
       to local field commanders. WWI.
Kahu
       [New Zealand] Upgrade of the A-4 Skyhawk.
Kaiten
       [Japan] Single-seat suicide submarine, in fact a modification of the
       'Long lance' torpedo. The I-class submarines could carry four (later
       six). Sunk only three allied ships: A tanker, an escort destroyer,
       and a cargo vessel.
Kairyu
       [Japan] Two-seat submarine. Originally designed to carry two
       torpedoes; later modified for a suicide attack with 450kg
       of explosives.
Kalkara
       [Australia] Adaptation of the American MQM-107 target drone
       for Australian use, replacing the old Jindivik system. 
Kangaroo
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-3
Kanin
       [NATO] Soviet destroyer class
KAR
       [UK] King's African Rifles
Kara
       [NATO] Soviet cruiser class
Karen
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-10. A development of
       AS-7 Kerry. Semi-active laser-guided or command-guided versions. 
Karines Oro Pajegos
       [Lithuania] Lithuanian Air Force
KASET
       [Thailand] Royal Thai Agricultural Air Division
Kashin
       [NATO] Soviet destroyer class
Kasta
       [Germany] Kampstaffel, combat squadron; name for multi-role units
       in the WWI air force.
Kate
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima B5N torpedo-bomber.
Kate 61
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi B5M torpedo-bomber.
Kazoo
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-18. Raguda Kh-59M. Air-
       breathing development of AS-13 Kingbolt. 
--KB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
KB
       [USSR] Konstruktorskoye Byuro -- Design Bureau.
--KC-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--KD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
KDF
       [Denmark] Kongelige Danske Flygvabnet -- Royal Danish Air Force
--KE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Kedge
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-14. Vympel Kh-29.
       Tactical missile, which exists in laser-guided, TV-guided and
       IR-homing versions. 
Kegler
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-12. An anti-radiation
       missile developed from AS-10 Karen. 
Kehl
       [Germany] Command transmitter for Fritz-X and Hs 193 guided weapons.
KEK
       [Germany] Kampfeinsitzerkommando. Single-seat combat aircraft units,
       the precursors of the fighter squadrons. WWI.
Kelt
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-5
KEM
       [USA] Kinetic Energy Missile. An anti-tank missile without
       explosive warhead. 
Kennel
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-1
Kent
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-15. Raduga Kh-55.
       A cruise missile. 
Keokuk
       [Allied] Airborne operation on D-day, by the 101st Airborne in the
       US sector.
KEPD
       [Germany] Kinetic Energy Penetrating Destroyer. Bunker-destructing
       weapon. 
Kerry
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-7. Zvezda Kh-23, 24 and
       66. Command guidance. 
KESt
       [Germany] Kampf-Einsitzer Staffel. SIngle-seat fighter squadron.
--KF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
KFP
       [South Korea] Korean Fighter Programme
--KG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
KG
       [Germany] Krieg Gefangener. POWs. 
KGB
       [USSR] Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopastny, secret service.
--KH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--KI-------------------------------------------------------------------------
KIA
       Killed in Action
KIAS
       Knots Indicated Air Speed
Kickback
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-16. Carried by bombers
       such as the Tu-22M and Tu-160, usually on internal rotary launchers.
       Range 150km. 
Kido Butai
       [Japan] Mobile Fleet.
Kiel
       [Germany] IR detector.
Ki Go
       [Japan] Counterattack after the US invasion of Guadalcanal,
       August 1942. Lead to the battle of the Eastern Solomons.
Kikusui
       [Japan] Campaign of suicide attacks to defend Okinawa against
       US invasion, April 1945.  Involved suicide attacks by over 1600
       aircraft, about 80 'Kaiten' manned torpedos, the battleship Yamato, 
       the cruiser Yahagi, and eight destroyers. The US lost 26 ships,
       and 164 were damaged, out of a total of 1300. (On Okinawa itself, 
       about half of the 100,000 Japanese death were the result of 
       suicide actions.)
Kildin
       [NATO] Soviet (ship) class
Kilter
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-11. Raduga Kh-58.
       Anti-radiation missile. There also is an anti-ship version.  
Kingbolt
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-13. TV-guided tactical
       missile, with a range of 65km. 
King Cobra       
      [USA] Detachment of RC-135 tanker aircraft to Takhli AB, Thailand,
      during the Vietnam war.
Kingfish
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-6. Raduga KSR-5.
       There is a anti-ship version with active radar homing, and
       an anti-radiation version. Can carry a nuclear warhead. 
Kingfisher
       [USA] Alledgedly a design for a Mach 6+, low-observable
       reconaissance vehicle. It would have been ramjet-powered;
       the engines would be started after launch from below
       a B-58 Hustler, that carried it to altitude. Not built.
Kingfisher
       [USA] Anti-ship cruise missile.AQM-60.
King Pin
       [UK] Exercise, 1953.
Kingpost
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-13 (? or Kingbolt)
Kipper
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-2
KISS
       'Keep It Simple, Stupid' principle
Kit Carson
       [USA] Ex-NVA or Viet Cong people, serving as scouts for the USA /
       South Vietnamese forces.
Kitchen
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, Raduga Kh22. Also known as
       AS-4. 
Kitty Car
       [USA] Upgrade for the F-101B Voodoo, to make the carrying of Genie
       rockets with nuclear warheads --- intended for air-to-air use --
       possible.
--KJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--KK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
KKV
       [USA] Kinetic Kill Vehicle. A warhead designed to destroy its
       target by direct impact and kinetic energy. 
--KL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Klondike Key
       [USA] Plan for an evacuation of US citizens from Panama. See also
       Prayer Book. 
KLu
       [Netherlands] Koninklijke Luchtmacht -- Royal Air Force.
--KM-------------------------------------------------------------------------
KMH
       [South Korea] Korean Multi-Purpose Helicopter. Requirement for a
       multirole helicopter, to enter service in 2003.
KMT
       [China] Kuomintang. Now usually transcripted as Guomindang. The
       Nationalist party. 
KMU
       [USA] Guidance unit for guided bombs.
--KN-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Knickebein
       [Germany] Navigation aid, using Morse-encoded beams pointing
       towards the target. The small overlap area, giving a continuous
       signal, gave the exact direction. Operated at 30MHz. During the
       Battle of Britain, the British developed "Aspirin" jammers.
KNL
       [Norway] Kongelige Norske Luftforsvaret -- Royal Norwegian Air
       Force
--KO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Koach Peled
       [Israel] Anti-tank battle group; created during the war in
       Lebanon.
Koala
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-X-19
Koburg
       [Germany] FuSE 71 Koburg IG was a 160kW radar, for installation
       in underground bunkers. The later FuSE 73 Koburg 3 was a
       combination of Freya and Mannheim. 
Kogenluft
       [Germany] Kommandierende General der Luftstreitkrafte ---
       Commanding general of the air force. The first was Ernst von Hoeppner,
       in October 1916.
Kogge
       [Germany] WWII guidance transmitter, used for the Enzian
       missile.
Koku Butai
       [Japan] See Koku Kantai.
Kokugun
       [Japan] Air Army, of the Japanese Army.
Koku Hombu
       [Japan] Air Headquarters of the Imperial Army. Also used for the
       air headquarters of the Imperial Navy, the "Kaigun Koku Hombu".
Koku Jieitai
       [Japan] Japanese Air Self-Defense Force, JASDF. 
Koku Kantai
       [Japan] Air Fleet, combining the embarked units of several
       carrier divisions, or several land-based Navy units.
Koku Sentai
       [Japan] Air Group, combining the embarked units of the carriers
       of a single division, or alternatively three land-based Kokutai.
Koku Sotai
       [Japan] Air defence command, of the JASDF.
Kukotai
       [Japan] Land-based aircraft group of the Japanese Navy. 
Koluft
       [Germany] Kommandeure der Luft-Schiffer Truppen. --- Commander of the
       airship forces. WWI.
Kongelige Danske Flygvabnet
       [Denmark] Royal Danish Air Force
Kongelige Norske Luftforsvaret
       [Norway] Royal Norwegian Air Force
Koninklijke Luchtmacht
       [Netherlands] Royal Air Force.
Koob
       [USSR] SigInt package.
KOP
       [Lithuania] Karines Oro Pajegos. Lithuanian Air Force.
Korshun
       [USSR] Search radar and ASW avionics suite. Replaced the
       older Berkut in the Tu-142MK. 
Koryu
       [Japan] Five-seat submarine.
KOSB
       [UK] King's Own Scottish Borderers. Regiment.
KOSOS
       [USSR] Konstruktorski otdel opytnovo samolyetostroeniya --- Design
       department for experimental aircraft construction. 
Kotlin
       [NATO] Soviet SAM-carrying destroyer class
--KP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
KP
       [USA] Kitchen Punishment
KP
       Known Point
KPAFAC
       [North Korea] Korean People's Armed Forces Air Corps
KPAW
       [UK] Kenya Police Air Wing
--KQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--KR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
KR
       [USSR] Kreyser (cruiser)
Kraai
       [Netherlands] "Second Police Action" against the
       Indonesian movement for independence. 1948.
Krazee Daze
       [UK/USA] Tests to determine the IR signature of missile
       using a British Comet equipped with detection equipment.
Kresta
       [NATO] Soviet cruiser class
Kreutzotter
       [Germany] A device against the jamming of radars by Window,
       based on rotating polarisation. Not effective.
Krivak
       [NATO] Soviet destroyer class
KRPL
       [USSR] Krylataya raketa podvodnykh lodok - SLCM
KRU
       [USSR] Korabl' upravleniye (command ship)
Krupny
       [NATO] Soviet destroyer class
KRVB
       [USSR] Krylataya raketa vozdushnogo bazirovaniya - ALCM
Krypton
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-17. Zvezda Kh-31.
       Air-breathing anti-radiation missile, weight 600kg and
       with a speed of Mach 3.
KRZB
       [USSR] Krylataya raketa zemnogo bazirovaniya - GLCM
--KS-------------------------------------------------------------------------
KSA
       [Cyprus] Kypriaki Stratoitiki Aeroporia -- Cypriot Air Force.
Ksenon
       [USSR] Gun laying radar for bomber armament. 
--KT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
KTO
       Kuwait Theatre of Operations
--KU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
KU
       [USSR] Koreblnyi Uchebno --- shipboard instructional, as in Su-27KU.
Ku.Fl.Gr.
       [Germany] Kustenfliegergruppen, coastal air group.
Kugelblitz
       [Germany] Anti-partisan operation in Byelorussia, 1943.
Kulmbach
       [Germany] FuMG 74 radar, a 27cm system based on Berlin, with a
       range of 120km. Few became operational. WWII. 
Kumkang
       [South Korea] Synthetic aperture radar programme.
Kurfurst
       [Germany] Radar. See FmG. 
Kurier
       [Germany] High-speed 'squirt' data transmitter, used by German
       submarines during WWII.
Kuril
       [NATO] Soviet carrier class
--KV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--KW-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--KX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--KY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kyle
       [NATO] Soviet air-to-surface missile, AS-9. An anti-radiation
       missile. 
Kynda
       [NATO] Soviet cruiser class
--KZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==L==========================================================================
--LA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
LAAS
       Low Altitude Airfield Attack System
LAAT
       [USA] Laser Augmented Airborne TOW. Sight installed in some
       AH-1S Cobra attack helicopters. Others have FACTS.
LABS
       [USA] Low-altitude Bombing System -- 'tossing' nuclear bombs
       in a half-loop, returning to low altitude on the opposite
       direction.
LAC
       Leading Aircraftsman
LACE
       [USA] Liquid Air Collection Engine. Intended for the SSTO space
       shuttle, this was an engine which collected oxygen at speeds over
       Mach 4, thus taking liquid oxygen only for the first parts of its
       flight.
LAD
       [USA] Low Altitude Dispenser. Cancelled in favour of 'Have Slick'.
LADD
       [USA] Low Altitude Drogue Delivery -- dropping nuclear bombs that are
       retarded by a parachute and have a time fuse.
Lafayette
       [USA] Conversion for B-29s and F-84s for in-flight refuelling.
Laffing Eagle
       [USA] RU-21 mission.
LAH
       Light Attack Helicopter
LAM
       [UK] Long Aerial Mine.  An explosive charge, towed behind an aircraft
       on a 600m line, in to hope that enemy aircraft would hit it.  During
       WWII twenty RAF Douglas A-20 Boston/Havoc aircraft were actually using
       this weapon for a brief period.
Lamantin
       [France] Operations to support the government of Mauretania in actions
       against the Polisario movement, 1977.
LAMPS
       [USA] Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System. LAMPS I was the SH-2D
       Seasprite, LAMPS III is the SH-60B Seahawk. LAMPS II was skipped. 
Lam Son 719
       [South Vietnam/USA] South-Vietnamese operations in Laos. 8 Februari
       to 9 April 1971. 
LANA
       [USA] 50th Anniversary of Naval Aviation. The L is the symbol for
       50 in the Roman numeric system. This was a transcontinental speed
       record attempt, flown by F4H-1Fs. 869.73mph.
LANA
       [USA] Low-Altitude Night Attack system.	Podded system carrier by the
       A-7.
Land Mattress
       [Allied] Land-based version of 'Sea Mattress', using 3in rockets with
       5in warheads and 30-tube launchers.
LANDSS
       [USA] Lightweight Advanced Night/Day Surveillance System.  A
       surveillance RPV programme.
LANTIRN
       [USA] Low-Altitude Navigation and Targeting Infra-Red for Night.
       Two pods, carried by aircraft configured for night attacks.
       The AAQ-13 pod contains a FLIR and a TFR. The AAQ-14 pod
       contains another FLIR, a laser designator and ranger, a Maverick
       missile handling system, and a target tracker. 
LAPES
       [USA] Low Altitude Parachute Extraction System
LARA
       [USA] Light Armed Reconaissance Aircraft. Requirement filled in 
       by the Rockwell OV-10 Bronco.
LASL
       [USA] Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
LASRE
       [USA] Linear Aerospike SR-71 Experiment
LASS
       [USA] USN:  Launch Area Suport Ship
LAST
       [UK] Low-Altitude Surveillance Task. Review, begun in 1982, of
       possible AEW systems for the British fleet. An AEW version of the
       Westland Sea King helicopter was chosen.
LATS
       [USA] Large Aperture Tracking System.
LatWing
       [USA] Light Attack Wing
LAU
       Launcher Unit
Laura
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Aichi E11A floatplane
Laus
       [Germany] A device against the jamming of radars by Window,
       based on the Doppler effect. 
Layang
       [Philippines] Conversion of the SF 260MP to SF 260TP turboprop-
       engined configuration. 
Layforce
       [UK] Detachment of commando force to the Med, February 1941. They
       became part of the 6th division.
Lazur
       [USSR] Russian Blue. Command link system for interceptors. 
--LB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LB
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 18 May 1942.
LBA
       [Germany] LuftfahrtBundesAmt
LBH
       Light Battlefield Helicopter
--LC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LCA
       [India] Light Combat Aircraft. Indigenous fighter aircraft, under
       development in India.
LCAC
       [USA] USN: Landing Craft, Air Cushioned
LCC
       [USA] USN: Command ship for amphibious operations.
LCC
       [USA] Land Component Commander
LCD
       Liquid Crystal Display
LCD
       Load Classification Group
LCEHV
       [USA] Low Cost Expendable Harassment Vehicle.  RPV development
       programme.
LCF
       [USA] USN:  Landing Craft, Flak
LCF
       Low-Cycle Fatigue
LCH
       Light Combat Helicopter
LCI
       [USA] USN:  Landing Craft, Infantry
LCLM
       [USA] Low-Cost Lightweight Missile, a possible Sidewinder replacement.
LCM
       [USA] USN:  Landing Craft, Mechanized (units)
LCN
       Load Classification Number. A number indicating for which aircraft
       weights a runway is stressed.
LCO
       [USA] Launch Control Officer, in drone controller aircraft.
LCP
       [USA] USN:  Landing Craft, Personnel
LCR
       [Spain] Limited Combat Ready
LCT
       [USA] USN:  Landing Craft, Tank
LCU
       [USA] USN:  Landing Craft, Utility
LCV
       [USA] USN:  Landing Craft, Vehicles 
LCVP
       [USA] USN:  Landing Craft, Vehicles and Personnel
--LD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
L/D
       Lift / Drag Ratio
LDA
       Landing Distance Available
LDGP
       Low-Drag, General Purpose (Bomb)
LDO
       [USA] Limited Duty Officer
LDV
       [UK] Local Defence Volunteers. The "Home Guard". 
--LE-------------------------------------------------------------------------
LEAP
       [USA] Lightweight Exo-Atmospheric Projectile. A small homing
       warhead, for use against ballistic missiles. It can be
       carried into space by the Standard missile. 
LED
       Light Emitting Diode
Left Foot
       [USA] RU-21 mission.
Left Jab
       [USA] RU-21 mission.
LeLv
       [Finland] Lentolaivue
LEM
       [USA] Lunar Excursion Module, renamed LM.
Lentosotakoulu
       [Finland] Air Fighting School. 
LER
       Limit Exceedance Recorder 
LERX
       Leading Edge Root eXtension
LEX
       Leading Edge eXtension
--LF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LFA
       Low Frequency Active
--LG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LGB
       [USA] Laser Guided Bomb
LGM
       [USA] Silo-launched, guided ground-to-ground Missile.  
       LGM-25 Titan II
       LGM-30 Minuteman
LGP
       Laser Guided Projectile
--LH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LH
       Light Helicopter
LH
       Liquid Hydrogen
LHA
       [USA] Helicopter Assault Ship.  Carrier for helicopters and VTOL
       aircraft, combined with loading dock for amphibious operations.
       LHA-1 Tarawa         (Tarawa)
       LHA-2 Saipan         (Tarawa)
       LHA-3 Belleau Wood   (Tarawa)
       LHA-4 Nassau         (Tarawa)
       LHA-5 Da Nang        (Tarawa)
       LHA-5 Pelileu        (Tarawa)
LHD
       [USA] USN:  Amphibious Assualt Ship.  Improved LHA.
       LHD-1 Wasp           (Wasp)
       LHD-2 Essex          (Wasp)
       LHD-3 Kearsage       (Wasp)
       LHD-4 Boxer          (Wasp)
       LHD-5                (Wasp)
LHX
       [USA] Light Helicopter eXperimental. The RAH-66 Comanche.
--LI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Liana
       [USSR] Airborne radar installed in the Tu-126 'Moss'.
LICAS
       [USA] Low Intensity Conflict Aircraft System. Sensor suite
       developed for the F-16.
Lichtenstein
       [Germany] Airborne interception radar.
       Lichtenstein B
          Radio altimeter for dive bombers, never used as such because
          it was too bulky, but used as a basis for radar development. 
       FuG 202 Lichtenstein BC
          Worked at 409MHz (62cm). Maximum range was 4km, and minimum
          range 200m. First tests in September 1942. Used the "Mattress"
          dipole array. 
       FuG 212 Lichtenstein C-1
          Improved, simpler version of BC. Introduced in January 1943.
       FuG 220 Lichtenstein SN-2
          This radar operated on 73 to 91MHz, later expanded to 37.5
          to 118MHz. Maximum range of 5km and a minimum range of 500m.
          SN-2b had a wide-angle, short-range version of C-1 added.
          The "Stag Antler" array of large dipoles was used. 
       FuG 228 Lichtenstein SN-3
          High-power development, 20kW instead of the 2.5kW of the SN-2
          set. Some combined with the "Morning Star" antenna arrangment. 
Lichtmeer
       [Germany] 'Sea of Light'. Attack on the bases of the RAF Bomber
       Command, during the Battle of Britain. 
Licht Vliegwezen / Aviation Legere
       [Belgium] army air force
LID
       [USA] Lift Improvement Devices. On the AV-8 Harrier: two strakes on
       the underside of the fuselage and a retractable ventral dam,
       improving lift for vertical take-off.
LIDAR
       (Laser) Light Detection And Ranging
Lightning Bug
       [USA] Ryan 147B recconaissance drone, used to investigate the guidance
       systems of SAMs --- see 'United Effort'.
LII
       [USSR] Flight Test Institute.
Lilo
       [Allied] A simple 3in rocket on an easily detachable mount, with
       an armour-piercing warhead, for use against fortified positions
       in the Pacific.
Lily
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawasaki Ki.48 bomber
LIM
       [USA] Silo-launched SAM.
       LIM-49 Nike Zeus / Spartan
Lima
       [USA] During the war in Vietnam, Lima sites were forward airbases
       in Laos, sometimes behind enemy lines. 
Lima Mike
       [USA] Tactical support mission (?)
Limbo
       [UK] Launcher for three 440lb depth charges in a triangular pattern,
       2000m ahead of the  launching ship.
Lincoln       
       [USA] Development of a camera for high-altitude reconnaissance.
       It resulted in the Perkin-Elmer B, with 91cm focal distance.
Linebacker I
       [USA] Bombardment offensive in Vietnam, 8 May -- 22 October 1972.
Linebacker II
       [USA] Bomber offensive in Vietnam, 18-30 December 1972.
Linnet
       [Allied] Planned airborne dropping at Lille, France, after 'Overlord'.
       Not done.
LINS
       Laser Inertial Navigation System (one based on laser ring gyros.)
Lisa Ann
       [USA] Boeing RC-135E, with SLAR.
LITAS
       Low Intensity Two-colour Approach System
Litter Bug
       [USA] Operations of AQM-34H RPVs in South-East Asia. They dropped
       leaflets... Unofficially, the program was labeled 'Bullshit Bomber'.
Little Brother
       [USA] Intended gunship version of the Cessna 337.  Abandoned.
Liz
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajia G5N bomber
--LJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--LK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
LKA
       [USA] USN:  Amphibious Cargo Ship
LKdo
       [Germany] Luftflotten Kommando
--LL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
LLAD
       Low Level Air Defense
LLGB
       Launch & Leave Guided Bomb
LLGB
       Low-Level Guided Bomb
LL/LGB
       Low-Level Laser Guided Bomb
LLLTV
       Low-Light Level TeleVision
LLRV
       [USA] Lunar Landing Research Vehicle.
LLTR
       [USA] Low-Level Transit Route
LLTV
       [USA] Lunar Landing Training Vehicle.
 LLTV
       Low-Light TeleVision
LLv
       [Finland] Lentolaivue --- squadron.
--LM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LM
       [USA] Lunar Module, the actual moon landing craft.
LMTR
       Laser Marker & Target Ranger
--LN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
LNG
       Liquid Natural Gas
--LO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
LO
       Low Observable (technology)
LOA
       Letter of Offer and Acceptance
LoADS
       [USA] Low Altitude Air Defense System. The 'Sentry' ABM missile.
LOAN
       [USA] Low observable axisymmetric Nozzle. A nozzle system for
       jet engines, designed to reduce IR and radar signature. 
LOC
       [USA] Line Of Communication
LOC
       Localizer
Lock On
       [USA] Operational evaluation of the F-86D all-weather interceptor,
       in Februari 1954. It revealed serious deficiencies.
Locus
       [UK] Laser Obstacle Cable Unmask System. A LIDAR pod for the
       detection of obstacles such as power lines. 
LOFT
       [UK] Line Oriented Flight Training
L&OG
       [USA] Logistics & Operations Group
Loge
       [Germany] London, as a target during the Battle of Britain. 
LOH
       [USA] Light Observation Helicopter. Requirement for which the
       Bell OH-4, Hiller OH-5 and Hughes OH-6 were built. The OH-6 was
       selected. 
LoI
       Letter of Intent
Loincloth
       [UK] First operation of the LRP organized by Gen. Wingate, also
       known as 'Chindits' in Burma. Began on 8 February 1943.
Loise	
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi Ki.2 bomber
Lombard
       [UK] Diversionary operation over Norway, June 1944.
LOMEZ
       [USA] Low Missile Engagement Zone
Lone Ranger
       [UK] Overseas deployment of a single aircraft, to test self-
       sufficiency.
Long Lance
       [Japan] Allied nickname for the the "type 93" torpedo used by the
       Japanese forces during WWII, an uniquely powerful weapon: 9m long,
       with a 60cm cross-sectioon, a weight of 2700kg and a warhead
       of 450kg. It was driven by compressed oxygen, to reduce the bubble
       trail. 
Long Thrust
       [USA] Exercise. During Long Thrust II, in 1962, 5273 troops were
       flown for the USA to Germany in seven days.
Long Track
       [NATO] Surveillance radar associated with the SA-4 and SA-6
Look Alike
       [USA] Modification programme to bring all F-105Ds to F-105D-25-RE
       standard with MERs, and increase their capability. 1964.
Looking Glass
       [USA] Boeing KC-135B, EC-135A, EC-135C and EC-135P, ABNCP aircraft
       (airborne command posts for the nuclear forces).
Lookout
       [USA] ?
Loon
       [USA] Navy version of the JB-2, the Americanized version of the
       German V-1.  Never operational, but fired from two submarines in tests.
LORAD
       [USA] Long-Range Active Detection
LORAN
       Long Range Aid to Navigation. Similar to Gee and Decca, but using
       longer wavelenghts, and therefore has longer range. 
Lorna
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kyushu Q1W Tokai ASW aircraft
LOROP
       Long-Range Oblique Photography. Camera system used by the
       Lockheed U-2, and reportedly also by British Canberra PR
       aircraft.
LOTAWS
       [USA] Laser Obstacle / Terrain Avoidance Warning System.
LOTE
       Life-Of-Type Extension
LOTEX
       Life-Of-Type EXtension
Louise
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi Ki.2 bomber
Low Blow
       [NATO] Radar associated with the SA-3
LOX
       Liquid Oxygen.
--LP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LP
       Low Pressure
LPA
       [USA] USN:  Amphibious Transport
LPD
       [USA] USN: Amphibious Transport Dock
LPH
       [USA] Amphibious Assault Ship.  Includes a number of former CV's of the
       Essex class and CVE's of the Anzio and Commencement Bay class.  The
       later 'Iwo Jima' class were purpose-designed helicopter carriers.  They
       are also suitable for AV-8 Harriers.
       LPH-2  Iwo Jima	     (Iwo Jima)
       LPH-3  Okinawa	     (Iwo Jima)
       LPH-4  Boxer	     (Essex)
       LPH-5  Princeton      (Essex)
       LPH-6  Thethis Bay    (Anzio / Casablanca)
       LPH-7  Guadalcanal    (Iwo Jima)
       LPH-8  Valley Forge   (Essex)
       LPH-9  Guam	     (Iwo Jima)
       LPH-10 Tripoli	     (Iwo Jima)
       LPH-11 New Orleans    (Iwo Jima)
       LPH-12 Inchon	     (Iwo Jima)
LPI
       Low Probability of Intercept. 
LPO
       [USA] Leading Petty Officer (USN)
LPSS
       [USA] USN:  Amphibious Transport Submarine
--LQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--LR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
LRAAW
       Long-Range Anti-Armour Weapon
LRAVS
       [UK] Long-Range ASV. 
LRBM
       Long-Range Ballistic Missile
LRCA
       [USA] Long Range Combat Aircraft.  The B-1B.
LRDMM
       [USA] Long-Range Dual-Mission Missile.  A ship-launched missile
       programme, intended against both ships and aircraft.
LRGB
       Long-Range Glide Bomb
LRIP
       Low-Rate Initial Production
LRIX
       [USA] Long-Range Interceptor Experimental; the F-108 Rapier project.
       This Mach 3+ fighter was cancelled.
LRMP
       [USA] Long-Range Maritime Patrol
LRMTS
       [UK] Laser Range Meter and Target Seeker, targeting equipment
       fitted to the Jaguar, Harrier, and Tornado.
LRP
       [Allied] Long-Range Penetration, operations of small units behind the
       enemy lines. 
LRPA
       Long-Range Patrol Aircraft
LRU
       Line Replaceable Unit
--LS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LS
       [USA] USN:  Landing Ship
LSD
       [USA] USN:  Landing Ship, Dock
LSI
       [USA] USN:  Landing Ship, Infantry
LSM
       [USA] USN:  Landing Ship, Medium
LSM(R)
       [USA] USN:  Landing Ship, Medium, rockets
LSO
       [USA] Landing Signal Officer, on aircraft carriers. 
LST
       [USA] Landing Ship, Tank
LSU
       [USA] USN:  Landing Ship, Utility
LSV
       [USA] USN:  Landing Ship, Vehicles
--LT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
LTA
       Lighter-than-air
LTA
       Light Tactical Aircraft
LTD
       Laser Target Designator
LTD/R
       Laser Target Designator / Rangefinder
LTF
       [UK] Lightning Training Flight
LTG
       [Germany] Lufttransportgeschwader -- air transport wing.
LTS
       Long Term Storage
LTTE
       [Sri Lanka] Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
LTWA
       [USA] Long Trailing Wire Antenna. For the E-6 Mercury TACAMO
       aircraft; this antenna has a length of 8530m. It retransmits
       the waves from the STWA. 
--LU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lucero
       [UK] Modification of the AI Mk.VIII radar which enabled the radar
       to be used for navigation, displaying the position of ground
       beacons.
Lucky Dragon
       [USA] Operations of U-2 recconaissance aircraft from Bien Hoa,
       Vietnam, 1964.
Luke
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi J4M fighter
Lulu
       [USA] Air-dropped nuclear depth charge. 
Luftwaffe
       [Germany] Air Force.
--LV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LVA
       [Netherlands] Luchtvaartafdeling, Air Corps,
       name of home-based air force before and during WWII.
LVA
       [Czechoslovakia] Letecka Vojenscka Akademie --- Military Air Academy.
LVT
       [USA] USN: Landing Vehicle, Tracked
--LW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
LWF
       [USA] LightWeight Fighter, the program that created the F-16 and
       F-17.
LWR
       Laser Warning Receiver
--LX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--LY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lyutik
       [USSR] Buttercup. ECM set, SPS-151.
--LZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
LZ
       Landing Zone
LZC
       [USA] Landing Zone Construction -- dropping blast bombs to clear an
       area.
LZP
       [USA] Landing Zone Preparation -- supressing enemy action to make
       landing of aicraft or helicopters possible.
       
==M==========================================================================
M
       [USSR] Modifikatsirovanny or Modifikatsiya; both indicating a
       modification.
M
       [USA] Code applied to designations for armament
       systems and equipment, used by the US Army.
       M1    Cluster bomb
       M2    Browning .30 or .50 machine gun
       M3    Browning .50 machine gun
       M5    40mm grenade launcher
       M6    The M6 combined four M60s with six 70mm rockets.
       M8    MDD Grenade launcher
       M12   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M13   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M16   Combination of the M60 guns and two M158 rocket launchers.
       M17   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M19   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M20   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M21   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M21   Emerson M21 armament system for helicopters; two M134 and two
	     M158.
       M22   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M24   20mm cannon.
       M26   Cluster fragmentation bomb
       M27   McDonnell Douglas M27, a nose turret for helicopters with a
	     single M134 gun or M8 grenada launcher, interchangeable.
       M28   Emerson gun turret for helicopters with one M134 and one M129.
       M28   Cluster fragmentation bomb
       M30   Cluster adapter
       M30A1 45.4 kg General Purpose bomb
       M31   20mm cannon
       M31   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M32   Gas cluster bomb
       M35   Installation of the M195 in helicopters.
       M35   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M36   Incendiary cluster bomb
       M38A2 45.4 kg Practice bomb
       M39   Pontiac M39, a 20mm revolver cannon, copy of the WWII German
	     MG213 gun.
       M40A1 10.4 kg Fragmentation bomb
       M41A  9.1 kg Fragmentation/ shaped-charge bomb M43 Gas cluster bomb
       M44   Gas generator
       M47   45.4 kg Incendiary / Smoke bomb
       M50   1.81 kg Thermite, incendiary bomb
       M52   454 kg Armour-piercing bomb
       M56   1814 kg Blast bomb
       M57   113 kg General Purpose bomb
       M58   227 kg Semi-armour piercing bomb
       M59   454 kg Semi-armour piercing bomb
       M60   7.62mm aicraft gun.
       M61   General Electric 20mm 'Vulcan' aircraft gun.
       M64   227 kg General Purpose bomb
       M65   454 kg General Purpose bomb
       M65   Airborne TOW system.
       M66   907 kg General Purpose bomb
       M69   2.7 kg Incendiary bomb
       M70   52.2 kg Mustard gas / gel bomb
       M74   4.5 kg Incendiary bomb
       M76   227 kg Incendiary bomb
       M78   227 or 454 kg Gas bomb
       M81   117.9 kg Fragmentation bomb
       M82   40.8 kg Fragmentation bomb
       M83   1.81 kg Fragmentation bomb
       M86   54.4 kg Fragmentation bomb
       M88   99.8 kg Fragmentation bomb
       M103  907 kg Semi-armour piercing bomb
       M104  45.4 kg Leaflet bomb
       M105  227 kg Leaflet bomb
       M109  5443 kg General Purpose bomb
       M110  9979 kg General Purpose bomb
       M112  Flare, used for aerial photography.
       M113  56.7 kg Gas bomb
       M116  340 kg Napalm bomb
       M117  340 kg General Purpose bomb
       M118  1361 kg General Purpose, low-drag bomb
       M121  4536 kg General Purpose bomb
       M124  113 kg Practice bomb
       M125  4.54 kg Gas bomb
       M126  1.81 kg Incendiary bomb
       M129  340 kg Leaflet bomb
       M129  MDD 40mm grenade launcher
       M134  General Electric 7.62mm 'Minigun'
       M138  Gas-filled bomblet
       M156  Flexible gun mount.
       M157  Rocket pod
       M158  Pod with seven 70mm rockets.
       M185  Flare, used for aerial photography.
       M188  G.E. Development of the M61 Vulcan; a three-barrel 30mm gun.
       M195  Derivation of the M61 for use in helicopters.
       M197  General Electric 20mm, three-barrel gun.
       M200  19 rocket pod, probably 70mm.
       M203  40mm rocket launcher, attached to M16.
       M214  General Electric 5.56mm gun.
       M230  McDonnell Douglas 'Chain Gun', a 30mm single-barrel gun.
       M247  Shaped-charge warhead for 70mm rockets
       M255  Flechette warhead for 70mm rockets
       M261  Subminution warhead for 70mm rockets
       M262  Illumination warhead for 70mm rockets
       M264  Smoke screen warhead for 70mm rockets
       M439  Fuze.
--MA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MAAG
       [USA] Military Advisory and Assistance Group
Mabel
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi B5M torpedo-bomber.
MAC
       [USA] Military Airlift Command
MAC
       Mean Aerodynamic Chord
Mach
       Speed of Sound, used as speed unit. 340.5 m/sec, or 1225.5 km/h
       as sea level under standard conditions, and decreases with altitude.
       Above the tropopause (about 11000m) Mach 1 is 295.5 m/sec or
       1063.2 km/h.
MACV
       [USA] Military Assisstance Command in Vietnam
MAD
       Magnetic Anomaly Detector or Magnetic Airborne Detector. Detects
       submarines by measuring the changes in the magnetic field of the
       earth.
MAD
       Mutual Assured Destruction
MADAR
       [USA] Malfunction Detection, Analysis and Recording. Installed in
       Lockheed C-5s. 
Madcap
       [NATO] Soviet Antonov An-74 AEW aircraft.
Madge
       [NATO] Soviet Beriev Be-6 reconaissance flying boat.
Madge
       Microwave Aircraft Digital Guidance Equipment. A landing-aid,
       adopted by NATO as the standard portable system. 
Madrid
       [Germany] WWII IR-guidance system for missiles.
MAEE
       [UK] Marine Aircraft Experimental Establishment. During WWII at
       Helensburg, Scotland; previously at Felixstowe.
Maestro
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-28 trainer.
MAFFS
       [USA] Modular Airborne Fire Fighting System, installed in 
       C-130s to assist in firefighting.
MAG
       [USA] Military Airlift Group
MAG
       [USA] Marine Air Group
MAG
       [Canada] Maritime Air Group
Magic Lantern
       [USA] Laser mine detection system.
Magnet
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-17 trainer.
Magnum
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-30 trainer.
MAGTF
       [USA] Marine Air-Ground Task Force
Maiden
       [NATO] Soviet Sukhoi Su-11 trainer.
Mail
       [NATO] Soviet Beriev Be-12 flying boat.
Mainbrace
       [NATO] Exercise, 1952.
Mainstay
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-76 AEW aircraft.
Mainz
       [Germany] See FmG. 
Mallard
       [Allied] Reinforcement of the airborne units on the Normandy
       bridgehead, by a second wave of airborne droppings. June 6, 1944.
Mallow
       [NATO] Soviet Beriev Be-10 flying boat.
Mammut
       [Germany] FuMO 51 long-range ground detection radar. Range up to
       300km, frequency between 120 and 138MHz. Range precision 300m,
       angle precision 0.5 degrees.
Mandrake
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-25 trainer.
Mandrel
       [UK] Monitoring And Neutralizing Defensive Radar Electronics,
       British WWII jamming equipment, used against ground radars. 
Mangrove
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-27 trainer.
Manna
       [UK] Food droppings over the Netherlands by Bomber Command, spring
       1945. In the part of the Netherlands which had been occupied by
       Germany until the end of WWII there were serious food shortages.
       Operations began on 29 April, in agreement with the German
       occupation forces, and continued until VE day.
Mannheim
       [Germany] FuMG (Flak) 41T, an flak radar. This was a very
       effective system, with a range of 15km and an accuracy of 8m.
       The later FMG (Flak) 45T Mannheim K had Euklid circuits added
       to counter jamming by Window. 
Mannheim Riese Bamberg
       [Germany] FuSE 75, a combination of a Mannheim receiver and
       transmitter with the platform and antenna of a Wurzburg Riese
       Gigant. Used for flak rocket systems. There was also a
       Bamberg RF tracking radar for the rockets associated with it. 
MANPADS
       [USA] Man-Portable Air-Defense System.  Became FIM-92 Stinger.
MANPRINT
       [USA] Manpower, Personnel, and training. Ergonomic design effort.
Mantis
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-32 trainer.
MAP
       [USA] Military Aid Program, or Military Assistand Program, or
       Mutual Assistance Program.
MAP
       [UK] Ministery of Aircraft Production. (also in USSR)
Maple Flag
       Exercise held in Canada.
MARAIMED
       [NATO] MARitime AIR command MEDiterranean
Marbach
       [Germany] A small but sensitive 15kW radar, with a range of
       about 30km. 
Marder
       [Germany] Contingency plan for an Alied landing near Rome. Used
       after the landing at Anzio-Nettuno, January 1944.
Mare
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-14 trainer.
Margarete
       [Germany] Occupation of Hungary, 1944.
Marita
       [Germany] Intervention of the German army in the Balkan, 1941.
Mark
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-7U trainer.
Market
       [Allied] Paratroop component of 'Market Garden'
Market Garden
       [Allied] Combined airborne and ground forces attack in September
       1944 to break through the German lines, cross the Rhine and invade
       the Ruhr. The airborne units captured the bridges in Son, Veghel,
       Grave, and Nijmegen but had to surrender in Arnhem.
Market Time
       [USA] Patrol sorties flown over the Vietnamese coast and Cambodja,
       against light coastal vessels.
MARS
       Mid-Air Recovery / Retrieval System
MARV
       Manoeuvrable Re-entry Vehicle
MAS
       [USA] Mission Avionics System
MASCDC
       [USA] Military Aircraft Storage and Disposition Center.	Davis-Monthan,
       Arizona.
Mascot
       [UK] Carrier air strike against 'Tirpitz', July 1944.
Mascot
       [NATO] Soviet Ilysuhin Il-28 trainer.
MAT
       [UK] Mono Air Tail. Horizontal tail attached to torpedoes to
       stabilize them in flight. Released on impact with water. WWII.
MAT
       [USA] Messenger Aerial Torpedo. An unmanned version of the Sperry
       Messenger liaison biplane of 1921. 
Matador
       [UK] Exercise for the UK air defences. 1960s.
Matratze
       [Germany] Mattress. Nickname for the dipole antennas used by the
       Lichtenstein BC or C-1 radar. 
MATS
       [USA] Mid-Atlantic Tracking System. Equipment carried by test aircraft,
       based on GPS. These replace tracxking radars.
MATS
       [USA] Military Air Transport Service.
Matterhorn
       [USA] Bombing offensive againts Japan. First mission on 15 June 1944.
MATV
       [USA] Multi-Axis Thrust Vectoring, an F-16 with a vectoring nozzle.
MatWing
       [USA] Medium Attack Wing
MATZ
       Military Air Traffic Zone
MAU
       [USA] Marine Amphibious Unit
Mau-Mau
       [Kenya] Uprising against British control, and generally against
       white settlers, in 1952.
MAV
       Micro Air Vehicle. An UAV with dimensions smaller than 150mm. 
Mavis
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawanishi H6K flying boat.
MAW
       [USA] Military Airlift Wing
MAW
       [USA] Marine Aircraft Wing
MAW
       [UK] Missile Approach Warning system.
MAW
       Mission Adaptive Wing.
MAWS
       [UK] Missile Approach Warning System
MAWS
       [USA] Missile Attack Warning System
Max
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-18 trainer.
May
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-38 ASW aircraft.
Maya
       [NATO] Czech Aero L-29 Delfin trainer.
Mayday
       Distress call, indicating an emergency
Mayflight
       [UK] No-notice exercise for the nuclear bomber force. 
--MB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
MBC
       Main Beam Clutter
MBF
       [UK] Medium Bomber Force
MBR
       [USSR] Mezhkontenental'naya ballisticheskaya raketa - ICBM
MBRRGChIN
       [USSR] MBR s razdelyayuchimi golovnyym chastyami indiviual'nogo
       navedeniya - MIRV
MBT
       Main Battle Tank
--MC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MCA
       Ministry of Civil Aviation (of the USSR).
MCAS
       Marine Corps Air Station
MCB
       [USA] Mobile Construction Battalion
MCDU
       Multi Color Display Unit, or Multifunction Control and
       Display Unit. 
MCID
       [USA] Modular Common Inlet Duct, a new inlet for the F-16.
MCLOS
       Manual Command Line-Of-Sight (missile guidance)
MCM
       [USA] USN:  Mine Countermeasures Ship
MCU
       Modular Concept Unit. Avionic box volume, 1/8 of ATR. 
--MD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MDA
       Main Defence Area
MDAP
       Mutual Defence Assistance Programme
MDC
       Miniature Detonating Cord. Glued to the canopies of aircraft in
       a zigf-zag pattern, this is used to fragment the canopy before
       ejection.
MDI
       [Canada] Miss Distance Indicator
MDETC
       [USA] Military Equipment Delivery Team - Cambodia
MDR
       Maintenance Data Recorder
MDS
       Main Dressing Station. 
MDS
       Missile Detection System
--ME-------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME
       Manoeuvre Enhancement
MEB
       [USA] Marine Expeditionary Brigade
MEDA
       Military Emergency Diversion Airfield
MEF
       [USA] Marine Expeditionary Force
MEISR
       [USA] Minimum Essential Improvement in System Reliability, an
       upgrade of the F-106 in 1967.
MELIN
       [UK] Multi-Engine Lead-IN training
MENS
       [USA] Mission Element Need Statement
MEP
       [USA] Mission Equipment Package
MER
       Multiple Ejector Rack
MERCAST
       Merchant Shop Broadcast System
Mercury
       [USA] Project for the first manned spaceflights of the USA. 
MEREP
       Merchant Ship Report
Meridian
       [USSR] Long-range navigation unit
Merkur
       [Germany] Mercury.  Codename for the conquest of Crete, the
       largest as well as the last German deployment of airborne
       units.
Merlin
       [UK] Terminally-guided anti-tank mortar grenade. 81mm calibre. 
Mermaid
       [NATO] Soviet Beriev Be-42 flying boat.
MESA
       [USA] Multi-role Electronically Scanned Array, a radar produced by
       Northrop Grumman. 
METOC
       [USA] Meteorological and Oceanographic
Metox
       [Germany] FuMB.1 radar warning receiver for U-boats. Introduced
       in mid-1942.
Metro Tango
       [USA] Codename for TREDS, see there.
METS
       [UK] Multi-Engined Training Squadron
MEU
       [USA] Marine Expeditionary Unit
MEWSG
       Maritime Electronic Warfare Support Group
MEWTA
       [USA] Missile Electronic Warfare Technical Aereas, office of the
       US Army. 
MEZ
       Maritime Exclusion Zone
MEZ
       Missile Engagement Zone
--MF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MF
       Medium Frequency
MF
       Multi-Function
MFA
       [Germany] Marine Feldflieger Abteilung --- Navy field flying unit. WWI.
MFC
       Missile Fire Control
MFCS
       [UK] Manual Fuel Control System
MFD
       Multi-Function Display
MFG
       [Germany] Marinefliegergeschwader
       MFG 3 'Graf Zeppelin'
MFI
       [Russia] Mnogofunktsionalnyi Frontovoi Istrebitel. Multi-funtion
       tactical fighter. Under development by the MiG bureau. Also known
       as Project 1-42.
MFS
       [USA] Manned Flight Simulator
--MG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MG
       [Germany] Maschinengewehr -- Machine Gun
       MG 15	   7.92 mm, drum-fed, hand-aimed  1000rds/min	 760m/s
       MG 17	   7.92 mm, belt-fed, fixed	  1100rds/min	 760m/s
       MG 81	   7.92 mm, belt-fed		  1500rds/min   2800ft/s
       MG 131	  13 mm,    belt-fed		   900rds/min	 750m/s
       MG c30/L   20 mm,    drum-fed		   350rds/min	 950m/s
       MG FF	  20 mm,    drum-fed		   530rds/min	 585m/s
       MG 151	  15 mm,    belt-fed		   700rds/min	 850m/s
       MG 151/20  20 mm,    belt-fed		   780rds/min	 790m/s
       MG 213	  20 mm,			  1400rds/min	1050m/s
       MG 213	  30 mm,			  1200rds/min	 570m/s
       MG 301	  20 mm,			  1000rds/min	1000m/s
MGB
       [UK] Motor Gun Boat
MGGB
       [USA] Modular Guided Glide Bomb, GBU-15(V)HOBOS.
MGM
       [USA] Mobile, guided ground-to-ground Missile.  
       MGM-5  Corporal
       MGM-13 Mace
       MGM-18 Lacrosse
       MGM-29 Sergeant
       MGM-31 Pershing I
       MGM-51 Shillelagh
       MGM-52 Lance
MGR
       [USA] Mobile, ground-targeted rocket. 
       MGR-1 Honest John
       MGR-3 Little John
MGU
       Mid-Course guidance unit, for missiles.
--MH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MHC
       [USA] USN: Coastal Minehunter
MHDD
       Multi-function Head-Down Display
MHDOIF
       [UK] Most Highly Derogatory Order of the Irremovable Finger.
       Fake 'decoration' informally given for acts of extraordinary
       stupidity. Originated in "Tee Emm". 
MHF
       [Israel] Maritime Helicopter Flight
MHP
       [Canada] Maritime Helicoper Project. A replacement for the Sea
       King. 
--MI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MIA
       Missing In Action
MIB
       [USA] Military Intelligence Battalion
MICA
       [France] Missile d'Interception, de Combat et d'Autodefense ---
       Interception, combat and self-defense missile. Matra MICA
       is a medium-range AAM with alternative active radar or IR
       seekers.
Michael
       [Germany] Plan for the spring offensive of 1918.
Michael
       [Germany] Radio-telephony network, operating on centimetric
       wavelengths. Installed from 1938 onwards. 
Mickey Finn
       [UK] Aircraft dispersal exercise, 1964.
MICo
       [USA] Military Intelligence Company
MICTIM
       [Italy/Malta] Missione Italiana de Cooperazione Tecnica a Malta.
       Italian mission of technical co-operation in Malta. 
Midas
       [NATO] Soviet Ilyushin Il-76 tanker
Midget
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 trainer.
Midget
       [UK] Evacuation of British nationals from Iran. 1951.
MIFASS
       [USA] Marine Integrated Fire and Air Support System
MiGCAP
       MiG Combat Air Patrol
Mighty Mouse
       A 70mm FFAR used by the USAF in the '60s. Interceptors fired
       it in salvos at bombers. For fighter-vs-fighter combat is was
       too inaccurate. 
Mike
       [USA] Codename for the German Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighter,
       incorrectly thought to be in Japanese service.
Mike
       [USA] First US H-bombr test, 31 October 1952.
Mileage
       [UK] Deployment of Canberra bombers to Malaya, as a part of
       Firedog.
Millenium
       [UK] 1000-aircraft attack on Cologne, 30 May 1942.
Millie
       [USA] Codename for the US-built Vultee VG-11 bomber. It was 
       not in Japanese service.
MILSTAR
       [USA] Military Strategic and Tactical Relay
MILSTRIP
       [USA] Military Standard Requisitioning and Issuing Procedures
MIM
       [USA] Mobile SAM.
       MIM-3   Nike Ajax
       MIM-14  Nike Hercules
       MIM-23  Hawk
       MIM-43  Redeye
       MIM-46  Mauler
       MIM-72  Chapparal
       MIM-104 Patriot
MIMIC
       MIcrowave / MIllimetre wave Integrated Circuit. 
Mink
       [NATO] Soviet UT-2 trainer.
MIRA
       [USA] Medium Wave Infra Red Array
MirSIP
       [Belgium] Mirage Safety Improvement Programme.
MIRV
       Multiple Indepentdly Targeted Reentry Vehicle, i.e.  a payload for
       a ballistic missile consisting of multiple, independently guided
       warheads or decoys.
MIS
       [USA] Missile Squadron
Mi Sakusen
       [Japan] The attack against Midway, 1942.
MISS
       [USA] Man In Space Soonest. USAF project for a manned
       spaceflight as soon as possible, to beat the Russians and the
       US Army to it. Started in 1958, project only. 
Mistel
       [Germany] A 'mistel' was created by combining a unmanned bomber,
       loaded with explosives, with a fighter on top. The pilot of the
       fighter steered the combination to the target, aimed the bomber,
       and then uncoupled. The bombers had large 'shaped charge' warheads,
       and the fighter drained fuel from the bomber to extend its range.
       Mistel 1   Ju 88A-4 with Bf 109F. Maybe sometimes Ju 88C-6s were
                  used.
       Mistel 2   Ju88G-1 with Fw 190A-6 or Fw 190A-8.
       Mistel S 2 Trainer version of Mistel 2; the Ju 88
		  retained a cabin for a two-man crew. Sometimes a
		  transparent nose cap was fitted (the Ju 88G was a
		  nightfighter version).
       Mistel 3C  Ju 88G-10 with Fw 190A or Fw 190F. The Ju 88G-10 had
		  additional fuel tanks installed because its normal fuel
		  wasn't suitable for the fighter.
       Mistel S3C Trainer version of the Mistel 3C.
Misty FAC
       [USA] Fast-jet FAC.  F-100Fs were used.
MIW
       Mine Warfare
--MJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--MK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
MK
       [Germany] Maschinenkanone
       MK 101	 30 mm, drum-fed      250rds/min
       MK 103	 30 mm, 	      420rds/min     960m/s
       MK 108	 30 mm, belt-fed      600rds/min     505m/s
       MK 112	 55 mm, 	      300rds/min     595m/s
       MK 114	 55 mm, 	      150rds/min    1050m/s
       MK 115	 55 mm, belt-fed		     600m/s
       MK 214	 50 mm, belt-fed
       MK 303	 30 mm		      900rds/min    1000m/s
       MK 412	 55 mm		      300rds/min    1000m/s
--ML-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ML
       [USA] USN: Minelayer (ship)
MLC
       Manoeuvre Load Control
MLC
       Main Lobe Clutter
MLD
       [Netherlands] Marine Luchtvaart dienst -- Naval Air Service
MLF
       [Malta] Malta Land Force
MLMS
       [USA] Multipurpose Lightweight Missile System, an air-launched
       development of Stinger, intended as a self-defense weapon for
       helicopters and small aircraft.
MLRS
       [UK] Multiple Launch Rocket System. Armoured vehicle with two six-
       tube launchers. For unguided or guided missiles, with conventional
       warheads, cluster warheads or chemical loads. 
MLS
       Microwave Landing System
MLU
       Mid-Life Upgrade
MLW
       Maximum Landing Weight
--MM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MMH/FH
       Maintenance Man Hours per Flying Hour
MMLSA
       [USA] Military Microwave Landing System Avionics
Mmo
       Maximum operating Mach number
MMS
       Mast-Mounted Sight (for helicopters)
MMSA
       [USA] Multi-Mission Surveillance Aircraft
MMWR
       Milimetre-Wave Radar
--MN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
MND
       [NATO] Multi-National Division
Mne
       Mach number Never to be Exceeded
--MO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
MOB
       Main Operating Base
Mobile Zebra
       [USA] Deployment of a large number of aicraft to the Philippines.
       1957.
MoA
       Memorandum of Agreement
Moby Dick
       [USA] This program used unmanned balloons with camera's and recording
       equipment to overfly the USSR, from 1952 onwards. The project was
       stopped in 1956 after the USSR publicized it and complained.
MoD
       Ministry of Defence.
mod
       model, or modification.
Mode
       [NATO] Soviet Beriev Be-8 flying boat.
Modicum
       [Allied] The not-so-secret mission by general Marshall and Harry
       Hopkins to Britain in early 1942. The goal was to convince the
       British to agree on "Sledgehammer" and "Roundup". The British
       agreed --- in principle, but not without reservations.
Moked
       [Israel] 'Focus'. The attack of 5 June 1968, start of the
       Six-Day War.
MOL
       [USA] Manned Orbiting Laboratory. Contract awarded in 1965, but
       later cancelled.
Mole
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-14 or Beriev Be-8 ?
MOMEP
       Military Observation Mission Ecuador/Peru. A peacekeeping mission. 
MOMP
       [Allied] Mid-Ocean Meeting Point, for convoys and their escorts.
Mongol
       [NATO] Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 trainer
Monica
       [UK] Tail warning radar, fitted to British bombers in WWII.
       Deleted when it was found out that the German nightfighters
       could home in on it. 
Moon Glow
       [USA] Alert in Vietnam, 1961.
Moose
       [NATO] Soviet Yakovlev Yak-11 trainer
Mop
       [NATO] Codename for the PBY Catalina in USSR service.
Morgenstern
       [Germany] Morning Star. Alternate antenna arrangment for the
       FuG 218 radar. A single mast carried three crosses of antennas,
       decreasing in size towards the tip. 
Moritz
       [Germany] WWII IR-guidance system for missiles.
Morskaya Aviatsiya
       [USSR] Naval Air Force
MOS
       Military Occupational Skill, i.e.  the task one is trained for.
Mosaic
       [UK] Nuclear bomb tests at the Monte Bello Islands, May and June
       1956.
Mo Sakusen
       [Japan] Attack on Port Moresby. 1942.
Moss
       [NATO] Soviet Tupolev Tu-126 AEW aircraft
Mote
       [NATO] Soviet Beriev Be-2 / MDR-2 flying boat.
MOT&E
       [NATO] Multinational Operational Test & Evaluation
MOU
       Memorandum of Understanding
Moujik
       [NATO] Soviet Sukhoi Su-7 trainer
--MP-------------------------------------------------------------------------
MP
       Multi-Purpose
MP
       Maritime Patrol 
MPA
       Maritime Patrol Aircraft
MPA
       Man Powered Aircraft
MPA
       [Mongolia] Mongolian People's Army
MPC
       Missile Practice Camp
MPCD
       Multi-Purpose Colour Display
MPCU
       [UK] Maritime Pollution Control Unit
MPD
       Multi Purpose Display
MP&EU
       [Canada] Maritime Proving & Evaluation Unit. 
MPK
       [USSR] Maliy protivolodochniy korabl' (small anti-submarine ship)
MPM
       Modular Power Module
MPR
       Medium Power Radar
--MQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--MR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
MR
       Maritime Reconaissance
MRAAM
       Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile
MRAAW
       Medium Range Anti-Armour Weapon
MRASM
       [USA] Medium Range ASM, the tactical, non-nuclear
       development of the AGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missile: BGM-109.
MRB
       [USA] Multi-Role Bomber
MRBF
       Mean Rounds Before Failure, number indicating
       the reliability of a gun.
MRC
       [USA] Movement Report Center
MRCC
       [UK] Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre
MRCA
       Multi-Role Combat Aircraft -- the Panavia Tornado.
MRF
       Multi-Role Fighter
MRF
       [UK] Meteorological Research Flight
MRK
       [USSR] Maliy raketniy korabl' (small rocket ship)
MRL
       Multiple Rocket Launcher
MRO
       [USA] Movement Report Office
MRTT
       [Europe] Multi Role Tanker Transport. Proposed military version
       of the Airbus A310. 
MRU
       Military Radar Unit
MRW
       Maximum Ramp Weight
--MS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MS
       [USA] USN:  Minesweeper (ship)
MSA
       Minimum Safe Altitude
MSAM
       [UK] Medium Range Surface-to-Air Missile. A replacement for
       the Bloodhound system.
MSB
       Minesweeping Boat
MSC
       [USA] Military Sealift Command
MSC
       [USA] Manned Spacecraft Center, of NASA.
MSF
       [Israel] Maritime Surveillance Flight
MSH
       [USA] USN:  Minesweeper, coastal
MSIP
       [NATO] Multinational Staged Improvement Program. Upgrade scheme
       for the F-16. 
MSIP
       [USA] Multi-Stage Improvement Program. 
MSL
       Mean Sea Level
MSO
       [USA] USN:  Minesweeper, ocean
MSOGS
       Molecular Sieve Oxygen Generation
MSOW
       [USA] Modular Stand-Off Weapon. Now cancelled.
MSP
       Mode Selection Panel
MSP
       [USA] Mach Sweep Programmer, automatic wing sweep control system
       of the F-14 Tomcat.
MSSA
       [UK] Multi-Sensor Surveillance Aircraft. AEW development of the
       Britten-Norman Defender.
--MT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MT
       [USSR] Morskoy tral'shchik (seagoing minesweeper)
MT
       [UK] Medical Transport
MTA
       Military Training Area
MTACC
       [USA] Marine Tactical Command and Control System
MTAS
       Millimetric Target Acquisition System
MTAS
       Modular Target Acquisition System
MTAS
       Multi-Sensor Target Acquisition System
MTB
       Motor Torpedo Boat
MTBF
       Mean Time Between Failures
MTCA
       [UK] Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation. 
MTD
       Moving Target Detection
MTI
       Moving Target Indicator
MTOGW
       Maximum Take-Off Gross Weight
MTOW
       Maximum Take-Off Weight
MTR
       Missile Tracking Radar
MTT
       Multiple Target Tracking
MTT
       [USA] Mobile Training Team
--MU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MU
       [UK] Maintenance Unit
MUAV
       Micro Unmanned Air Vehicle. An UAV with dimensions smaller than
       150mm, so the acronym is a pleonasm. MAV is more logical. 
Mud River
       [USA] Operations in Laos against the Ho Chi Minh Trail. 1967.
Mug
       [NATO] Soviet Chetverikov Che-2 / MBR-2 flying boat.
Mulberry
       [Allied] Artificial harbour, constructed in the invasion area in
       Normandy, June 1944. Two were built, one in the British and one in
       the US sector.
Mule
       [NATO] Soviet Polikarpov Po-2 trainer
Mule Train
       [USA] Deployment of 346th TCS to Vietnam.  1961.
MUPSOW
       [South Africa] Modular Stand-Off Weapon developed by Kentron.
Murphy's Law
       Often rendered as 'Anything that can go wrong, will go wrong'.
       In its original form it stated that if there are two ways to
       do someting, of which one has catastrophic results, then someone
       will inevitably do it the wrong way.
Muscle Shoals
       [USA] Operations in Laos against the Ho Chi Minh Trail. 1967.
Musgrave
       [UK] Deployment of heavy bombers to Malaya, in 1950, as part of
       operation Firedog (see there).
MuSIC
       [USA] Multi-System Integrated Control, a study
       into thrust-vectoring.
Musical Paramatta
       [UK] Marking of targets by the PFF during WWII, using Oboe.
Musketeer
       [UK] The Suez operation, November 1956. France, Britain and Israel
       fought Egypt after the nationalization of the Suez canal.
Muskletoon
       [UK] Commando raid on a hydro-electric plant in Glamford, Norway. It
       supplied electricity to the Aluminium industry. 1942.
MUSTARD
       [UK] Multi-Unit Space Transport and Recovery Vehicle. A proposal
       by BAC, in 1960, for a space shuttle based on a single orbiter
       and two boosters. 
Mux
       Multiplex
--MV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MV
       [USA] USN:  Merchant Vessel
MV/AM
       [Belgium] Militair Vliegwezen / Aviation Militaire. Military
       Aviation, the form in which the Belgian air force was created
       in 1913 and recreated in 1946.
--MW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MW
       [USA] Missile Wing
MW
       [Germany] Mehrzweckwaffe --- multi-purpose weapon
--MX-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
MX
       [USA] New generation ICBM.
--MY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Myrt
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima C6N Saiun reconaissance 
       aircraft.
Mystic
       [NATO] Soviet Myasischew M-17 / M-55 reconaissance aircraft
--MZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
MZFW
       Maximum Zero Fuel Weight

==N==========================================================================
--NA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAADM
       [USA/Canada] North American Air Defence Modernisation. Replacement
       of the DEW radar line by a series of new NWS radar stations.
NAAFI
       [USA] Navy, Army & Air Force Institutes
NAAS
       [USA] Naval Auxiliary Air Station
NAC
       [NATO] North Atlantic Council
NAC
       [UK] Naval Air Command
NACA
       [USA] National Advisory Commitee for Aeronautics. Precursor of
       NASA, until 1 October 1958.
NACES
       [USA] Navy Aircrew Common Ejection Seat
NACF
       [USA] Naval Air Combat Fighter. The F-18 programme.
NAD
       [UK] Naval Air Department
NADC
       [USA] USN: Naval Air Development Center in Warminster, Pennsylvania.
NADEP
       [USA] Naval Aviation Depot
NADGE
       [NATO] NATO Air Defence Ground Environment
NAEW
       [NATO] NATO Airborne Early Warning
NAEWF
       [NATO] NATO Airborne Early Warning Force
NAF
       [USA] Naval Air Facility
NAFEC
       [USA] National Aviation Facilities Experimental Center.	Pomona, NJ.
Nagpaw
       [USA] North American General Purpose Attack Weapon. The design
       project which later became the A-5 Vigilante shipboard attack
       aircraft.
NAHEMA
       [NATO] NATO Helicopter Management Agency
NAMC
       [USA] Naval Aircraft Modification Center
NAMMA
       [NATO] NATO MRCA development & procurement Management Agency
NAMFI
       NATO Missile Firing Installation: a firing ground for missiles
       at Akrotiri, Crete.
Nancy Rae
       [USA] Boeing JKC-135A TELINT aircraft
Nanuchka
       [NATO] Soviet missile boat class
NAO
       [UK] National Audit Office, of the Public Accounts Committee.
NAOTC
       [USA] Naval Air Operational Training Center
NAPMO
       [NATO] NATO AEW&C Programme Management Organization
NARF
       [USA] Naval Air Reserve Force
Narkomaviaprom
       [USSR] State Commissariat for the Aviation Industry.
NARTU
       [USA] Naval Air Reserve Training Unit
NAS
       [USA] Naval Air Station, Naval Air Squadron
NASA
       [USA] National Aeronautics and Space Adminstration. Replaced
       NACA on 1 October 1958. 
NASARR
       [USA] North American Search And Range Radar.  Radar of the F-104.
NASC
       [USA] USN: Naval Air Systems Command
NASMO
       [NATO] NATO Starfighter Management Office
NASP
       [USA] National Aero-Space Plane
NATC
       [USA] Naval Air Training Command
NATC
       [USA] Naval Air Test Center, at Patuxent, Maryland, USA.
Nate
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima Ki.27 fighter
NATF
       [USA] Navy Advanced Tactical Fighter
NATO
       North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Created in 1949.
Navaho
       [USA] Large jet-powered cruise missile, an intercontintal Mach 3+
       weapon the size of a big bomber.  Abandoned in favour the ICBM.
       Flew first in 1958.
Navaid
       Navigation Aid
Navair
       [USA] Naval Air Systems command
NavAirLant
       [USA] Naval Air Force Atlantic Fleet
NavAirPac
       [USA] Naval Air Force Pacific Fleet
NAVALT
       [USA] Naval Alteration
NAVCOM
       [USA] Navigation / Communications
NAVEX
       Navigation Exercise
NAVIS
       [UK] Near Vertical Incidence Skywave. Radio system that allows
       low-flying aircraft to communicate with units nearby, even when
       there is shielding between them. The HF signal is directed
       upwards, and then reflected downwards by the ionosphere.
NAVSAT
       [USA] Navy Sattelite System
NAVSTAR
       [USA] Navigation Satellite Timing And Ranging. Now known as GPS.
NAVWASS
       Navigation & Weapon Aiming Sub System
NAWC
       [USA] Naval Air Warfare Center. The former NATC at Patuxent River,
       NADC at Warminster, NAEC at Lakehurst, NAPC at Trenton and NAC at
       Indianapolis were combined to create NAWC.
NAWC AD
       [USA] Naval Air Warfare Center, Aircraft Division.
Naxos
       [Germany] Radar warning receiver, operating on the 10cm
       wavelenght. Used by German nightfighters and U-boats.
--NB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NBAA
       [USA] National Bussiness Aircraft Association
NBC
       Nuclear, Biological and Chemical (weapons)
NBC
       [UK] Navigation & Bombing Computer.
NBMR
       [NATO] NATO Basic Military Requirement. 
NBMR-1
       [NATO] Requirement for a light strike fighter. Won by the
       Fiat G.91. 
NBMR-2
       [NATO] Requirement for a maritime patrol aircraft. Produced the
       Dassault/Breguet Atlantic. 
NBMR-3
       [NATO] Requirement formulated in 1960-1961 for a supersonic VTOL
       strike fighter. Candidates included the Mirage IIIV and Hawker
       P.1154.
NBS
       [UK] Navigation and Bombing System. A nav-attack system for bombers,
       developed during the 1950s and based on H2S mk.9.
--NC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NCA
       [USA] National Command Authority
NCAC
       [Allied] Northern Area Combat Command. Chinese Army units that had
       been trained by US forces and operated from Ramgarh in India.
NCO
       Non-Commissioned Officer
NCTI/R
       Non-Cooperative Target Identification / Recognition
--ND-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ND
       Navigation Display
NDAA
       [USA] Non-Developmental Airlift Aircraft. An off-the-shelf
       transport as a cheaper alternative for the C-17. Might be
       a 747, MD-11, a new C-5 or a modified C-17.
NDB
       Non-Directional Beacon
NDI
       Non-Developmental Item, an 'off-the-shelf' product.
NDRE
       [Norway] Norwegian Defense Research Establishment, the FFI.
NDRF
       [USA] National Defense Reserve Fleet
NDT
       Non-Destructive Testing
--NE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NECPA
       [USA] National Emergency Command Post Afloat. Command ships
       CC-1 Northampton and CC-2 Wright, serving between 1961 and
       1970. 
Nectarines       
       [UK] The Frisian Islands, when referred to for aerial
       minelaying ('Gardening').
NEFIS
       [Allied] Netherlands Foreign Intelligence Staff
NEFMA
       [NATO] NATO EFA/Eurofighter Management Agency
Nell
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi G3M bomber
Neptun
       [Germany] Fug 218 airborne radar. Frequency could be set between
       158 and 187MHz, maximum range was 5km, minimum range 130m. A single
       nose mast with a large X-cross, or four masts, and a tandem set of
       dipoles on each tip of the cross. 
Neptune
       [Allied] Crossing of the Channel for Overlord, 6 June 1944.
Neptune
       [UK] Series of supersonic tests, with scale models of the cancelled
       Miles M.52. Neptune achieved supersonic flight on 10 October 1948,
       a year after the X-1 exceeded Mach 1, and provided few useful data. 
NESDIS
       [USA] National Environmental Sattelite, Data and Information
       Service.
NETT
       [USA] New Equipment Training Team
Newhaven
       [UK] Visual marking of target by the PFF during WWII. 
New Life
       [USA] Transport of Vietname refugees to the USA, 1975.
NEWRADS
       [USA] Nuclear Explosion Warning and Radiological Data System
NEX
       [USA] Navy Exchange
--NF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NFGF
       [UK] Naval Flying Grading Flight.
NFH
       [NATO] NATO Frigate Helicopter. The maritime version of the NH90. 
NFL
       No Fire Line
NFO
       [USA] Naval Flight Officer
NFST
       [USA] National Fleet Surgical Team
NFTC
       [NATO$ NATO Flying Training in Canada. Launched in April 1997.
NFWS
       Naval Fighter Weapons School ('Top Gun') at NAS Miramar, California. 
       Training center in Air Combat Manoeuvering. 
NFZ
       No-Fly Zone
--NG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NGB
       [USA] National Guard Bureau
NGS
       Naval General Staff.
NGT
       [USA] Next Generation Trainer, a replacement for the elderly T-37.
       The T-46 won the contract, but was later cancelled.
NGTE
       [UK] National Gas Turbine Establishment. Established in 1946 near
       Farnborough, at Pyestock.
--NH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--NI-------------------------------------------------------------------------
NIB
       [Allied] Noise Investigation Bureau. Studied German radar emissions.
NIC
       [USA] National Indication Center. Created in 1954 to warn of an
       impending Soviet attack. 
Nick
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawasaki Ki.45 Toryu fighter
Nickel Grass
       [USA] Transfer of USAF equipment to Israel in 1973, to compensate
       its losses in the Yom Kippur War.
Nifty Package
       [USA] Deployment of special operations team to Panama, 1989.
Night Light
       [USA] Loan of two RF-4C Phantom IIs to Israel, 1970-1971, pending
       delivery of 6 RF-4Es.
Night Watch
       [USA] Boeing EC-135J, ABNCP aircraft
Nihon Koku Jietai
       [Japan] Japanese Defence Force
NII V-VS
       [USSR] Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Institut V-VS --- Scientific
       Research Institute of the V-VS.
Nikel
       [USSR] Response component of the Chrom/Nikel IFF system.
Nimble Voyage
       [USA] Delivery of UH-1 helicopters to Cambodia, in 1973, shortly
       before US support was ended. 
Nimbus Star
       [USA] Mine sweeping of the Suez canal, in 1974.
Nimbus Stream
       [USA] Mine sweeping of the waters round Port Said, in 1975.
Nimrod Dancer
       [USA] Reinforcement of US forces in Panama, 1989.
Nirou Havai Shahanshahiye Iran
       [Iran] Imperial Iranian Air Force.
NITE-OP
       Night Imaging Trough Electro-Optics
Nit Picker
       [USA] Modification program for the F-100C and F-100D.
NIVO
       [UK] Night Invisibilty Varnish, Orfordness. A dark-green paint
       that was applied to night bombers. 
--NJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--NK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--NL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLOS
       Non-Line of Sight
--NM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NMANG
       [USA] New Mexico ANG.
NMBR
       [NATO] NATO Basic Military Requirerement
NMCC
       [USA] National Military Command Center
NMPC
       [USA] Naval Military Personnel Command
--NO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NOA
       [USSR] Scientific Test Aerodrome. Replaced by the NII V-VS in
       1926.
NOAA
       [USA] National Ocenanic and Atmospheric Administration
Noball
       [Allied] Attacks on launching sites of V-weapons. 1944.
NOCAS
       Night Operation Capable Avionics System
NOE
       Nap-Of-the-Earth
NOGS
       [USA] Night Observation Gunship System. The Rockwell YOV-10D Bronco
       version. The 'G' was dropped with the gun from the OV-10D.
NOL
       [USA] Naval Ordnance Laboratory
NOLO
       [USA] No Onboard Live Operator. For target aircraft with a
       cockpit, indicates that there is no pilot on board. 
NOMAD
       [USA] Navy Oceanographic and Meteorological Automatic Device
NORA
       [France] Nacelle Optique de Reconaissance Aerienne --- Optical
       airborne reconaissance pod. A real-time videocamera. 
NORAD
       [USA, Canada] North Atlantic Aerospace Defense Command. Created in
       1957.
Nordpol
       [Germany] Also known as the "Englandspiel". The Germans used
       captured British agents to send messages to Britain, thus
       capturing more agents. It is possible that the agents were
       deliberately sacrificed by the SOE. 
Norm
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawanishi E15K Shiun seaplane.
Norma
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Type 97 light bomber, did not 
       exist. (Was Ki-15)
Normandy
       [USA] Attack by AH-64A Apache helicopters on air defence radars
       in Iraq, on 17 January 1991, at the beginning of Desert Storm.
NORTHAG
       [NATO] Northern Army Group
Northern Challenge
       [NATO] Excercise for the air defence of the North American
       Continent.
NOS
       [USA] National Ocean Survey
NOS
       Night Observation Surveillance
NOS
       [USA] Night Observation System. See NOGS.
NOTAM
       Notice To Airmen
NOTAR
       No Tail Rotor. Helicopter without tail rotor. Contra-torque
       stabilisation is achieved by the air flow through a slit in
       the tail boom. 
NOTE
       Nap-Of-The-Earth
--NP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NPE
       [USA] Naval Preliminary Examination, testing of equipment by the USN
       before procurement.
NPIC
       [USA] National Photographic Interpretation Center.
NPO
       [USSR] Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoye Obyedineniye -- research
       manufacturing association.
NPT
       Non-Proliferation Treaty
--NQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--NR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
NRL
       [USA] Naval Research Laboratory
NRO
       [USA] National Reconaissance Office. Created in 1960. Its existence
       was admitted in 1992!
NROTC
       [USA] Naval Reserce Officer Training Corps
--NS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NSA
       [USA] National Security Agency
NSA
       [China] National Salvation Army, a group that fought against the
       Chinese communists in the 1950s. CIA-sponsored. 
NSA
       [USA] New Strategic Aircraft
NSFO
       [USA] Navy Standard Fuel Oil
NSFS
       [USA] Naval Surface Fire Support
NSG
       [USA] Naval Security Group
NSGr
       [Germany] Nachtslachtgruppe --- night attack group. Light attack 
       aircraft operating on the Eastern front, as an imitation of Soviet
       harrasment attacks using Po.2 biplanes.
NSRDC
       [USA] Naval Ship Research and Development Center.
NSSMS
       [USA] NATO Sea Sparrow Missile System.
--NT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
NTA
       [USA] Nuclear Test Aircraft. A Convair NB-36H, modified bomber,
       which carried a nuclear reactor for research purposes.
NTDO
       [USA] Naval Technical Data Office
NTDS
       [USA] Naval Tactial Data System, data processing system fitted to the
       E-2C Hawkeye.
NTP
       [USA] Near-Term Penetrator
NTPS
       [USA] Naval Test Pilots School (Patuxent River NAWC)
NTSB
       [USA] National Transportation Safety Board
--NU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NUC
       [USA] navy Unit Commendation
--NV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NVA
       North-Vietnamese Army
NVG
       Night Vision Goggles
NVN
       North VietNam.
NVPS
       [USA] Night Vision Pilotage System
NVS
       Night Vision System
--NW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
NWC
       [USA] Naval Weapons Center
NWDS
       [USA] Navigation and Weapons Delivery System
NWS
       [USA/Canada] North Warning System. Replaced the DEW line.
--NX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--NY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--NZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==O==========================================================================
--OA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
(O)AFU
       Observer Advanced Flying Unit
Oak
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawanishi K10W trainer
OAS
       Offensive Avionics System. 
OASIS
       [USA] Over-the-horizon Airborne Sensor Information System
OAT
       Outside Air Temperature
--OB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OBA
       Oxygen Breathing Apparatus
OBIGGS
       OnBoard Inert Gas Generating System
Oboe
       [UK] Navigation system, developed in the UK during WWII. Two radar
       stations were used for each aircraft, one determining range and one
       position. 'Oboe' was used by Pathfinder aircraft because of its
       accuracy.
OBOGS
       [USA] On Board Oxygen Generating System
OBS
       Omni Bearing Selector. Instrument to choose a particular VOR
       beacon. 
Observations-helikopter Kompagni
       [Denmark] observation helicopter company.
OBSKMP
       [Denmark] Observations-helikopter Kompagni --- observation
       helicopter company.
--OC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OC
       Officer Commanding
OCA
       [USA] Offensive Counter Air
OCA
       Obstacle Clearance Altitude
Ocean Safari
       [UK] Exercise.
Ocean Venture
       [UK] Exercise.
Ocelot
       [Allied] Codename for a code used by the Luftwaffe, that could be read
       by the Allied Intelligence.
OCH
       Obstacle Clearance Height
OCM
       Optical Counter Measures
OCM
       On-Condition Monitoring. "On" meaning that the equipment does not
       have to be removed. 
OCONUS
       [USA] Outside Continental United States
OCU
       [UK] Operational Conversion Unit
OCU
       [USA] Operational Capability Update
--OD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Odd Rods
       [NATO] Soviet IFF set, characterised by a row of three antennas
       of increasing length.
ODIN
       Operational Data INterface. A data link for combat aircraft.
ODR
       Omnidirection Range
ODRAP
       [USSR] Otdel'nyy Dal'niy Nazvedyvatel'niy AviaPolk. Independent
       long-range reconnaissance regiment. 
--OE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OEU
       [UK] Operational Evaluation Unit
--OF-------------------------------------------------------------------------
OFE
       [UK] Operational Flying Exercises
OFT
       [UK] Operational Flight Trainer, i.e. a flight simulator.
--OG-------------------------------------------------------------------------
OG
       [USA] Operations Group
OGD
       [UK] Other Government Department
OGE
       Out of Ground Effect.  See IGE.
OGMA
       [Portugal] Officinas Gerais de Material Aeronautica
OGPU
       [USSR] Obedinionnoye Gassudarstvennoye Polititsheku Upravleny --
       Poltical Administration of the Union State. Soviet political police
       during the 1920s.
--OH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OHL
       [Germany] Oberste Heeresleitung --- Supreme Command of the Army.
       Headquarters of the German forces during WWI.
OH-X
       [Japan] Armed scout/observation light helicopter. Mock up revealed
       in September 1994.
--OI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OIS
       [USA] Orbit Improvement System, for the E-6 Mercury. The E-6 TACAMO
       flies circles around a fixed point to keep its long trailing wire 
       antenna (LTWA) in a fixed vertical position. OIS is to improve the 
       steadiness of the antenna.
--OJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--OK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
OKB
       [USSR] Design Bureau
OKO
       [USSR] Optny Konstruktorsky Otdel --- Experimental Design Section
--OL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OL
       Operating Location.
Olive Noires
       [USA] Mine sweeping exercise, off Toulon, France. 1978.
Olympic
       [USA] Plan for the invasion of the Japanese island Kyushu. 1945.
Olympic Fire
       [USA] U-2 surveillance missions from Patrick AFB, Florida.
Olympic Harvest
       [USA] U-2 surveillance missions from RAF Akrotiri, Cyprus.
Olympic Torch
       [USA] U-2 surveillance missions from Osan AFB, South Korea. In
       support of 'Linebacker'.
--OM-------------------------------------------------------------------------
O&M
       Operations & Maintenance
OMAG
       [USR] Osobaya Morskaya Aviatsionna Grupa -- Independent Naval
       Aviation Group.
Omaha Beach
       [Allied] One of the landing beaches used for 'Overlord'.
Omar
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese "Suzukaze 20" fighter. Did
       not exist.
OMB
       [USA] Office of Management & Budget
Omega
       Long-range navigation aid. Derived from Decca, but operates
       at very low frequency to have global coverage. 
Omni
       Name often used for VOR. 
OMOS
       [USSR] Department for the development of experimental navy
       aircraft. 
--ON-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ONR
       [USA] Office of Naval Research.
ONS
       [USA] Omega Navigation Set
--OO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OOA
       [USA] Orbiting Optical Adjunct. Boeing 767 testbed operated by the
       US Army for evaluation of a Hughes sensor system to detect orbiting
       objects. 
OOD
       [USA] Officer of the Deck (USN)
OOD
       [USA] Officer of the Watch (USN)
--OP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OP
       Operator
Opal Digger
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1970.
OPBAT
       [USA] Operation Bermuda And Turks. Supporting actions for the
       DEA.
OPC
       [Australia] Offshore Patrol Combattants. Large patrol ships. 
OPCON
       [USA] Operational Control
Open Skies
       [USA] Proposal to allow mutual reconaissance flights over the territory
       of the superpowers.  Accepted after the end of the Cold War.  Also used
       as name for the OC-135B equipped for this role.
Operation *
       Seek for the name of the operation without the prefix. 
Ophelia
       [France/Germany] Optique Platforme HELIcoptere Allemand. Optical
       platform for German Helicopter. A mast-mounted sight developed
       for the Bo 105 anti-tank helicopter. 
OPORD
       [USA] Operation Order
OPPLAN
       [USA] Operation Plan
OpSec
       [USA] Operational Security.
Optimize
       [USA] Modification programma to the F-105 to cure some problems.
       1960.
Option
       [USA] Guided missile program of the US Navy, 1942. It produced
       the TDN / TDR series of unmanned attack aircraft.
--OQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--OR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
OR
       [UK] Operational Requirement
Orange
       [USA] War Plan Orange was the pre-WWII plan for a war with Japan. 
       It envisaged naval battles and a blockade of Japan. 
Orange Crop
       ESM system, Racsal MIR-2. 
Orange Herald
       [UK] Nuclear bomb. 720 kiloton. Probably experimental only.
Orange Putter
       [UK] Tail warning radar for the Canberra bomber.
ORB
       [UK] Operations Record Book of an unit. 
Orchidee
       [France] "Observatoire Radar Coherent Heliporte d'Investigation des
       Elements Ennemis" -- Basically this means that Orchidee is a
       pulse-doppler radar that is carried by a helicopter and is used to
       track moving ground targets.
ORE
       [USA] Operational Readiness Evaluation
ORI
       [USA] Operational Readiness Inspection.
Orient Excess
       [USA] SIGINT missions, flown along the Chinese coast from bases in
       Japan. 11 hours flying from Yokota, 9 from Kadena. Reportedly very
       boring. 1960s.
Orient Express
       [UK] Exercise in the Indian Ocean, 1983.
ORP
       [UK] RAF: Operational Readiness Platform. Hardstand at the end of a
       runway, for aircraft on QRA.
ORS
       [Allied] Operational Research Section
ORS
       [USA] Offensive Radar System. The APQ-164 installed in the B-1B.
--OS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OSA
       [USA] Operational Support Airlift / Aircraft
Osa
       [NATO] Soviet missile boat class
OSAP
       [USSR] Otdelni'i Smeshanni'i Aviatsoni'i Polk -- Independent Mixed
       Aviation Regiment.
Oscar
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima Ki.43 Hayabusa fighter
OSCE
       Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.
OSD
       [UK] Out-of-Service Date. 
OSF
       [France] Optronique Secteur Frontal. A forward-looking optical
       sensor suite, to be installed in the Dassault Rafale. Includes
       IRST, FLIR and laser range finder.
OSINT
       Open Source Intelligence
Osirak
       [Iraq] Nuclear reactor newr Bagdad, Iraq. Destroyed by Israeli
       F-16s, escorted by F-15s, on June 7, 1981.
OSO
       [USA] Offensive System Operator. Third crewmember in a B-1. 
OSS
       [USA] Operational Support Squadron
OSS
       [USA] Office of Secret Services.
OSSV
       [USSR] Ogrnichenie i sokrashchenie stratigicheskykh vooruzhenii - START
OSV
       [USSR] Ogranichenie stratigicheskykh vooruzhenii - SALT
--OT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Otdelni'i Vertoletni'i Eskadrilya
       [USSR] Independent helicopter squadron.
Otdelni'i Vertoletni'i Polk
       [USSR] Independent helicopter regiment.
OTH
       Over The Horizon.
OTHB
       [USA] Over The Horizon Backscatter -- radar development.
OTHT
       Over The Horizon Targeting
OTP
       [UK] Operational Training Phase
OTPI
       [USA] On-Top Position Indicator. Part of the avionics fit of
       ASW aircraft.
OTU
       [UK] Operational Training Unit
--OU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outing
       [USA] Conversion for B-29s and F-84s for in-flight refuelling.
Outlaw Hunter
       [USA] Modification of the P-3 Orion with control and communications 
       systems. Two were used during the Second Gulf War.
Outlaw Viking
       [USA] Project to modify the S-3 Viking, with the hope of expanding
       its targeting capabilities.
Outrider
       [USA] UAV for the US Army, a twin-wing design that first flew in
       1997. 
--OV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
OVE
       [USSR] Otdelni'i Vertoletni'i Eskadrilya -- Independent helicopter
       squadron.
Overlord
       [Allied] Invasion on the coasts of Normandy, 6 June 1944.
OVP
       [USSR] Otdelni'i Vertoletni'i Polk -- Independent helicopter regiment.
       Normally three squadrons (OVE) of 20 helicopters each.
--OW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
OWE
       Operating Weight Empty
--OX-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Oxcart [USA]
       Codename for the A-12 design, precursor of the SR-71.
--OY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--OZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==P==========================================================================
P
       [USSR] Perekhvatchuk, interceptor.
P
       [USSR] Pushechny,  cannon-armed.
P^3I
       Pre-Planned Product Improvement
--PA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PAA
       Primary Aircraft Authorized
PAC
       [UK] Parachute and Cable.  The Type L was a 2in rocket launched to
       1000ft, dispensing a 600ft cable with a parachute at either end and an
       explosive charge at one.  Type J used a drum on the ground for the
       cable, launched to 2000ft. Type K used a 3in rocket to bring a 1000ft
       cable as high as 19000ft, and a larger paracute to slow down its
       descent.
PACAF
       [USA] Pacific Air Forces
Pacer Century
       [USA] Test of F-100-PW engines in an F-15, to the max. operating
       time of 750 hours.
Pacer Coin
       [USA] Surveillance version of the C-130.
Pacer Crag
       [USA] Avionics upgrade for the C-135 and KC-135 fleet. 
Pacer Link
       [USA] Boeing EC-135, ABNCP aircraft
Pacer Loft
       [USA] Upgrade programme for the F-16A. 
Pacer Plank
       [USA] Life extension program for the B-52D.
Pacer Power
       [USA] Boeing EC-135
Pacer Six
       [USA] Conversion of F-106 fighters to target drones.  1986.
Pacer Snow
       [USA] ECM and avionics upgrade program for the C-5. Missile-warning
       system, and chaff and flare dispensers. 
Pacer Speckled Trout
       [USA] Boeing NC-135B avionics testbed
Pacer Strike
       [USA] Avionics upgrade for the F-111F.
Pacer Wave
       [USA] Avionics upgrades for the F-4C.
Pacer Wing
       [USA] Upgrade for the C-5 Galaxy, including rewinging; early C-5s
       were restricted to 25% of their design payload because of wing
       fatigue. 
PACIR
       [USA] Propulsion, Aerodynamic, Controls Integrated Research
PACCS
       [USA] Post Attack Command & Control System
PAE
       Program Analysis & Evaluation
Paektu
       [South Korea] A signal intelligence program.  
PAF
       Pakistani Air Force
PAF
       Philippine Air Force
PAF
       Polish Air Force
PAG
       [Germany] PersonenAbwurfGeraet --- Personnel-dropping device. This
       was a capsule with three seats, that could be parachuted by a
       transport aircraft, to drop spies in enemy-occupied territory.
PAH
       [Germany] Panzerabwehrhubschrauber. Anti-tank helicopter
Pakistan
       [UK] 'Operation Pakistan' was a population shuffle, 1-15 September 1947,
       after the partition of India.
Pakistan Fiza'ya
       [Pakistan] Pakistan Air Force
PAL
       [USA] Permission Active Link.  Device to trigger nuclear bombs from
       the cockpit.
PAMIR-N
       Passive Airborne Modular Infra Red - Navigation
PAMIR-S
       Passive Airborne Modular Infra Red - Stabilised
Pampa
       [UK] Meteorological reconaissance mission over occupied Europe. 
PAN
       Radio code, indicating alert, but not a serious emergency. A
       level lower than 'Mayday'.
Pandora
       [UK] Codename for the Long Aerial Mine --- See LAM.
Panservaerns-helikopter Kompagni 
       [Denmark] anti-tank helicopter company.
Panther
       [UK] Movement to France of an Advanced Air Striking Force (AASF)
       to France, to support the BEF. 1939.
Papa
       [NATO] Soviet Submarine class.
Paperclip
       [USA] Transfer of German scientists to the USA after the end of
       WWII. 
PAPI
       Precision Approach Path Indicator
PAR
       [Germany] Panzerabwehrregiment. Anti-tank regiment
PAR
       Phased Array Radar
PAR
       Precision Approach Radar
PAR
       [USA] Progressive Aircraft Rework
Parafrag
       [USA] Fragmentation bomb, carried down by a parachute and fused to
       explode in mid-air. Used by the USAAF against Japanese airfields in
       the Pacific.
Paramatta
       [UK] Marking of target by the PFF during WWII, using H2S radar.
Parol
       [USSR] Password. IFF system. 
PAS
       [UK] Police Aviation Services
PAS
       Pilot Attack Sight
Pasars
       [USA] Podded ASARS.
Pat	
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Tachikawa Ki.74 reconaissance aircraft
PAT/ARM
       [USA] Passive Angle Tracking / Anti-Radation Missile system, fitted
       to some A-6B Intruders for operations against SAM-sites in Vietnam.
       It was intended to improve the accuracy of the AGM-87A ARM.
Pat Hand
       [NATO] Radar associated with SA-4 and SA-6.
Patsy
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Tachikawa Ki.74 reconaissance aircraft
PatWing
       [USA] Patrol Wing
PatWingsLant
       [USA] Patrol Wings Atlantic Fleet
PAU
       [UK] Pilotless Aircraft Unit. Operated traget drones. Closed down 
       in March 1946.
Paukenschlag
       [Germany] Offensive of the U-boats against merchant shipping in
       the West Atlantic, immediately after the declaration of war
       between Germany and the US.
Paul
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Aichi E16A Zuiun seaplne
PAV
       [USA] Prototype Air Vehicles
Pave Aegis
       [USA] The Lockheed AC-130 Pave Aegis carries a 105mm cannon.
Pave Arm
       [USA] Programme to create missiles that homed on the emissions of
       aircraft. See also Brazo. Cancelled.
Pave Arrow
       [USA] Two F-4Ds were modified to locate heat sources on the ground,
       using modified AIM-9 seekers.
Pave Claw
       [USA] The GPU-5/A 30mm gun pod.The gun is the GAU-13/A, a
       four-barrelled version of the GAU-8 'Avenger' of the A-10.
Pave Coin
       [USA] Development programme for a low-cost, high-performance close
       support aircraft, undertaken during the Vietnam war.
Pave Cricket
       [USA] ECM RPV, based on 'Pave Tiger'.
Pave Deuce
       [USA] Conversion of F-102 for use as manned or unmanned target.
Pave Eagle
       [USA] Beech QU-22 Bonanza unmanned drone, used as signal relay
       aircraft. 
Pave Fire
       [USA] Pod with a low-light level television camera and a laser ranger,
       to be used in night attacks. Unsuccessfull.
Pave Gat
       [USA] Martin B-57G night attack aircraft equipped with a triple-barrel
       20mm gun.
Pave Hawk
       [USA] The MH-60G special operations or HH-60G rescue helicopter.
Pave Knife
       [USA] Guidance pod for laser-guided bombs. AN/AVQ-10.
Pave Light
       [USA] AN/AVQ-9 laser designator.
Pave Low
       [USA] The Sikorsky MH-53 special operations helicopter. 
Pave Mover
       [USA] A side-looking radar for targeting missiles to enemy
       forces. 
Pave Nail
       [USA] Modification of the OV-10 for night precision attacks. Used
       a LORAN navigation aid. 
Pave Nickel
       [USA] Radar reconaissance flights of the RB-57F at the border of the
       Warsaw pact territory.
Pave Onyx
       [USA] Tactical electronic reconnaissance sensor. Litton AN/ALQ-125
       Terec.
Pave Pat II
       [USA] BLU-76 Fuel-Air Explosive subminution bomb.
Pave Paws
       [USA] Phased array radar, to be installed on the coastline of the
       USA as a early warning system for missiles launched by submarines.
Pave Penny
       [USA] Laser designation system for missiles, also known as TISL.
Pave Pepper
       [USA] Experimental re-entry vehicle for the Minuteman ICBM.
Pave Phantom
       [USA] Modification of the F-4D Phantom II with AN/ARN-92 LORAN
       navigation equipment. Phantoms equipped with this were primarily
       used for the dropping of sensors.
Pave Pillar
       [USA] Effort to develop a standardised avionics system.
Pave Pronto
       [USA] Pave Pronto was the AC-130A gunship version of the
       C-130 Hercules. Pave Pronto II was the AC-130H. 
Pave Spectre
       [USA] AC-130 gunship. I: A-C130E, II: AC-130H, III: AC-130U.
Pave Spike
       [USA] AN/AVQ-23 or AN/ASQ-152(V) laser designation system.
Pave Spot
       [USA] Equipment for the coordination of air strikes, installed in OV-10
       'Pave Nail' aircraft. AN/AVQ-12 laser designator, stabilised sight,
       and LORAN navigation equipment. 
Pave Storm
       [USA] KMU-421/B guidance unit, a member of the Paveway family.  Fitted
       to cluster bombs.
Pave Strike
       [USA] Defence suppression programme. EW equipment and precision 
       munitions were added to a number of aircraft.
Pave Sword
       [USA] AN/AVQ-11 precision attack sensor. A modified AIM-9 seeker
       head, used to track the targets designated by the AN/AVQ-12 Pave Spot
       laser designator.
Pave Tack
       [USA] Precision bombing system with laser designation,
       AN/AVQ-26. Includes as FLIR and a laser designator. 
Pave Tiger
       [USA] Small RPV, CQM-121.
Paveway
       [USA] Family of laser guided bombs.
PAWS
       [Norway] Programme for Avionics and Weapon System improvements.
--PB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PB
       [USSR] Pikuriyushi Bombardirovshchik -- dive bomber
PB
       [USSR] Plovuchaya baza (floating base)
PBF
       [UK] Personnel Briefing Facility
PBR
       [USA] USN: Patrol Boat, River
--PC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PC
       [USA] USN:  Patrol Corvette / Patrol Craft.
PC
       Pulse Compression
PCB
       [UK] Plenum Chamber Burning. This involves the burning of fuel
       in the forward nozzles of the R.R. Pegasus engine. This is the
       engine used by the (AV-8) Harrier. PCB was proposed for the
       supersonic P.1154, and is a possibility for future versions of
       the Pegasus; it is not used on current models.
PCB
       Printed Circuit Board
PCTA
       Plastic-Cased Telescoped Ammunition
PCU
       Power Control Unit
--PD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PD
       Pulse doppler (radar).
PD
       Plasma Display
PDES
       [USA] Pulse-Doppler Elevation Scan. Radar mode for the E-3
       Sentry. PDES is a look-down mode which does give elevation
       information, in contrast to PDNES.
PDF
       Precision Direction Finder
PDF
       Panamanian Defence Force
PDI
       Pilot Direction Indicator
PDM
       [USA] Programmed Depot Maintenance
PDMS
       [USA] Point-Defense Missile System.  SAM system for ships, built around
       the RIM-7 Sea Sparrow.
PDME
       Precision DME
PDNES
       [USA] Pulse-Doppler Non-Elevation Scan. Radar mode for the E-3
       Sentry. PDNES is a look-down mode which does not give elevation
       information.
PDR
       Periscope Detection Radar
PDS
       Passive Detection System
PDU
       [UK] Photographic Development Unit
PDWE
       Pulse Detonation Wave Engine. The PDWE uses explosions of fuel rather
       than continous buring of fuel. It is said be able to operate at speeds
       up to Mach 10.
--PE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PE
       [UK] Procurement Executive
Peace Carvin
       [USA] Delivery of F-16 fighters to Singapore.
Peace Diamond
       [USA] Delivery of F-4 Phantom IIs to Turkey.
Peace Eagle
       [USA] Delivery of F-15s to Japan.
Peace Echo
       [USA] Delivery of RF-4E Phantom IIs to Israel, in the '70s.
Peace Fenhuang
       [USA] Delivery of F-16s to Taiwan.
Peaco Fox
       [USA] Delivery of F-15s to Israel.
Peace Icarus
       [USA] Delivery of 36 F-4Es to Greece, in 1974.
Peace Jack
       [USA] Development of the F-4 Phantom II, intended as reconaissance
       aircraft for Israel. Ended as the F-4E(S) carrying the
       HIAC camera in a lengthened nose.
Peace Marble
       [USA] Delivery of F-16s to Israel. 
Peace Onyx
       [USA] Delivery of F-16s to Turkey. The aircraft are actually built
       in Turkey, then tested by and delivered to the USAF, and then
       delivered to the Turkish air force.
Peace Patch
       [USA] Delivery of 12 ex-USAF F-4Es to Israel.
Peace Pearl
       [USA] Installation of Western electronics in the Chinese J-8B fighter.
       Cancelled after the Tien-an-men killings.
Peace Peek
       [USA] Installation of ELINT equipment in a number of German
       Atlantic maritime patrol aircraft.
Peace Pharaoh
       [USA] Delivery of 35 McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom IIs to Egypt.
       This was a consequence of the 'Camp David' agreement, but Egypt
       was unable to operate the fighters effectively.
Peace Pheasant
       [USA] Delivery of 37 F-4E Phantom IIs to South Korea, 1978.
Peace Reef
       [USA] Loan of 24 F-4E Phantom IIs to Australia, to compensate the
       late delivery of the ordered F-111Cs.
Peace Sentinel
       [USA] Delivery of Boeing E-3A and KE-3A to Saudi Arabia.
Peace Spectator
       [USA] Delivery of F-4D Phantom II to South Korea, in the early 1970's.
Peace Station
       [USA] Boeing 707-3J9C tanker for Iran.
Peace Sun
       [USA] Delivery of the first F-15 to Saudi Arabia.
Peace Trout
       [USA] modification of a Luftwaffe RF-4E as electronic warfare aircraft
       for the German Luftwaffe.
Peace Vector IV [USA]
       Delivery of F-16s, built in Turkey, to Egypt.
Peach Wings
       [USA] Exchange of the surviving Canadian F-101s for upgraded F-101B
       interceptors, 1970.
PECM
       Passive ECM
PECS
       Powered Elevator Control System. In improvement for the Saab 2000 
       commuter aircraft.
PEE
       [UK] Proof and Experimental Establishment, at Foulness.
Peel Group
       [NATO] Radar for SA-N-1 Goa.
Peewee
       [USA] The RB-57F program.
Peggy
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi Ki.67 bomber
Peipenkopf
       [Germany] EO-homing anti-tank missile.  WWII.
Peleng
       [USSR] Navigation equipment. Combines INS and radar. Semi-
       automatic flights are possible. 
Pelican
       [France] Transfer to Madagascar of ten P-47 fighters, in
       1947, to fight a rebellion against French rule. 
Pelikaan
       [Netherlands] Attacks against the AURI during the
       Indonesian struggle for independence, 1947.
Penetrate
       [UK] Passive Enhanced Navigation with Terrain-Referenced
       Avionics. A navigation system for attack aircraft.
PEO
       [USA] Programs Evaluation Office. The PEO in the US embassy in
       Laos was actually a channel for the delivery of military funds
       and equipment.
Perfectos
       [UK] Carried by British nightfighters, this device interrogated
       the IFF transponders of German aircraft, and home in on their
       emissions. 
Perilous
       [USA] The use of the Boeing BQ-7 guided bomb version of the B-17.
Perry	
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawasaki Ki.10 fighter biplane
Pete
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi F1M seaplane
--PF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PF
       [USA] USN:  Patrol Frigate
PFA
       Popular Flying Association
PFCS
       Primary Flight Control System
PFD
       Primary Flight Display
PFF
       [UK] PathFinder Force
PFL
       Practice Forced Landing
PFP
       [NATO] Partnership For Peace
--PG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PG
       [USA] USN:  Patrol Gunboat
PGH
       [USA] USN:  Patrol Gunboat, Hydrofoil
PGM
       Precision Guided Munition
PGM
       [USA] Missile. 
       PGM-1  Al Hakim
       PGM-3  Pegasus
       PGM-11 Redstone.
--PH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Phalanx
       [USA] Radar-controlled version of the 20mm Vulcan six-barrel cannon,
       intended as anti-aircraft and anti-missile weapon. Range about
       5000m. 
PHARE
       [Europe] Programme for Harmonised Air Traffic Management Research
       (Europe). 
Phimat
       [France] Chaff and flares dispenser. Also carried by RAF Tornados.
PHM
       [USA] USN:  Missile-armed Patrol Hydrofoil.
PhotInt
       Photoghraphic Intelligence
--PI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PI
       Practice Interception
PI
       Photographic Interpreter
PIAT
       [UK] Projector, Infantry, Anti-Tank. WWII anti-tank weapon,
       a shoulder-held spigot mortar.
PIC
       Pilot In Command
Picket
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 21 and 29 March 1942.
Pierce Arrow
       [USA] Strike at North Vietnamese torpedo boat bases, as a retaliation
       for the so-called 'Tonkin Gulf Incident'. 1964.
PIF
       [USA] Photo Interpretation Facility.
Pig Through
       [UK] A rack carrying 14 2in anti-aircraft rockets, introduced on
       RN ships in the beginning of WWII.
Pillar Box
       [UK] Anti-aircraft rokcet launcher, a circular box with an aimer in
       the central seat and ten rockets at each side. WWII.
PILOT
       [USA] PIloted LOwspeed Tests. The Martin-Marietta X-24.
       'Low Speed' was in comparison with the X-23 PRIME vehicle.
Pilot's Associate
       [USA] Development of 'user friendly' aircraft cockpits.
Pine
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi K3M trainer
Pine Tree
       [USA / Canada] A line of early-warning ballistic missile radar stations,
       close the US-Canadian border, on the Canadian side. Covers most of Canada.
Pink Team
       [USA] Organisation of the US helicopter units of the Cavalry. The
       'Pink Team' consisted of a observation helicopter and a gunship
       helicopter. See also 'White Team', 'Red Team', and 'Blue Team'.
Pinnacle
       [UK] Tests of the probe-and-drogue method of in-flight refuelling.
       1951. Also the autumn exercise in 1951.
Pinpoint
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 16 July 1942.
Pinsel
       [Germany] EO-homing anti-tank missile.  WWII
Pipe Dream
       [Allied] Fuel pipeline from Calcutta, India to Kunming, China.
       2900km in mountainous jungle.
Piperack
       [Allied] Jamming transmitter, fitted to the lead aircraft of bomber
       formations. Jammed the German Lichtenstein SN-2 radar. 
Pip Squeak
       [UK] Device that automatically transmitted a signal at fixed
       intervals, to help ground stations in determining the position of
       the aircraft. Introduced in the later 1930s.
PISA
       Pilot's Infra-red Sighting Ability
--PJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
PJ
       Parajumper
--PK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
PKR
       [USSR] Protivolodochniy kreyser (anti-submarine cruiser)
--PL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PL
       [USSR] Podvodnaya lodka (patrol submarine)
PLA
       [USSR] Atomnaya podvodnaya lodka (nuclear attack submarine)
Plainfare
       [UK] British contribution to the airlift to Berlin.
Plain Jane
       [USA] First AC-130A gunship version, also reported as
       nickname for the KC-135A.
Planters Punch
       [UK] Detachment of Canberra jet bombers to Singapore in support
       of operations in Malaya. 1955.
PLAP
       [USSR] Atomnaya protivolodochnaya podlodka (nuclear hunter-killer
       submarine)
PLARB
       [USSR] Atomnaya podlodka raketnaya ballisticheskaya (nuclear ballistic
       missile submarine)
PLARK
       [USSR] Atomnaya podlodka raketnaya krilataya (nuclear cruise missile
       submarine)
PLK
       [USSR] Podlodka raketnaya krilataya (cruise missile submarine)
PLM
       [USA] Production Line Maintenance. Organisation of aircraft
       maintenance, similar to a production line. Practical only when 
       a large number of a single type of aircraft has to be maintained. 
       Used in the USA and the CBI during WWII.
PLSS
       [USA] Precision Location Strike System. System to pinpoint radio
       transmitters, fitted to TR-1 / U-2R aircraft.
Plum Bob
       [USA] Series of nuclear tests, 1957. This include a test firing 
       of the AIR-2 Genie nuclear air-to-air rocket. 
Plunder
       [Allied] Montgomery's crossing of the Rhine, 23 and 24 March 1944.
Pluto
       [Allied] Pipe-Line Under The Ocean. Actually a cross-channel
       pipeline to supply allied armies in Europe.
Pluto
       [USA] Project to investigate the feasability of nuclear ramjet
       engines.
--PM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PM
       [USA] USN:  Patrol Missile Boat
PM
       [USSR] Plovuchaya masterskaya (floating workshop)
PMFD
       [USA] Primary Multi-Function Display
PMTC
       [USA] Point Mugu Test Center, missile test center of the USN.
--PN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
PN
       Pseudonoise. False 'noise' signal that carries encrypted
       information. 
PNC
       [Colombia] Policia Nacional Colombia
PNG
       Passive Night Goggles. Now usually called NVG.
PNGDF
       [Papua New Guinea] Papua New Guinea Defence Force
PNVS
       [USA] Pilot's Night Vision Sensor. A FLIR installed in the
       AH-64. 
--PO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
POC
       Proof Of Concept
POD
       Plan Of the Day
PODS
       Portable Data Store
POET
       Primed Oscillator Expendable Transponder. POET is a small
       transponder, which after being dropped by an aircraft transmits
       an amplified echo of enemy signals. 
Pointblank
       [Allied] Instruction for the bomber offensive against Germany,
       10 June 1943.
POL
       Petroleum, Oil, Lubricants
Pole Tax
       [USA] Moves to protect US forces in Panama from terrorism.
       Nov. 1989.
POM
       [USA] Preparation for Overseas Movement
Pop Group
       [NATO] Radar for SA-N-4.
Porcupine
       [UK] Version of 'Hedgehog' with percussion firing instead of
       electric firing. Abandoned.
Port Bow
       [USA] Detachment of USAF aircraft to Taiwan after the 'Pueblo'
       incident.
Porton Liner
       [UK] Crew shelter, protected against chemical or biological weapons.
       There is room for four to six people. 
POST
       [USA] Proposed Optical Stinger.	A FIM-92 version with a new seeker.
Post Time
       [USA] Plan for a military occupation of key sites on the Panama
       Canal. See also Prayer Book.
POW
       Prisoner Of War
--PP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PPA
       [USSR] Pastanovchik-Pamech Aktivni'i -- Active Jammer. As in Mi-18PPA
       'Hip-J'
PPI
       Plan Position Indicator (radar or navigation display)
PPL
       Private Pilot's License
PPMS
       [USA] Precision Power Measurement Systems. A sensor fitted to the
       RC-135U 'Combat Sent', registering signals from all ground-based
       emitters. 
PPV
       [USA] Pre-Production Verification
--PQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--PR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
PR
       Public Relations
PR
       Photo-Reconaissance
Prairie Fire
       [USA] Reconaissance missions in Vietnam, north of the 17th degree.
Prayer Book
       [USA] Set of plans for possible military operations in Panama, 1988.
       Included Post Time, Klondike Key, Blind Logic and Blue Spoon. 
PRC
       People's Republic of China
Predator
       [USA] The Tier II reconaissance UAV, now designated RQ-1.
PRF
       Pulse Repetition Frequency
PRIME
       [USA] Precision Recovery Including Maneuvring Entry. The Martin
       X-23 lifting-body re-entry vehicle. Part of the START program.
Prize Crew
       [USA] Development of quiet observation aircraft by Lockheed.
PRO
       [USA] Protivoraketnaya oborona - ABM
PRO
       [UK] Public Records Office
PROFIT
       [USA] Propulsion/Flight Control Technology.
Profiteer
       [UK] Exercise: Deployment of bombers to the Far East.
Project *
       Seek for the name of the project without the prefix. 
Provide Assistance
       [USA] Humanitarian operations in Zaire and Ruanda, following the civil war
       in Ruanda, 1994.
Provide Comfort
       [USA] Operations over Nothern Iraq to establish the no-fly zone created
       there after the Gulf War.
Provide Hope II
       [USA] Humanitarian operations in conflict zones in the former USSR.
Provide Promise 
       [USA] Humanitarian operations in Bosnia.
PRU
       [UK] Photographical Reconaissance Unit.
--PS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PS
       [USSR] Passazhirskii i syaz -- passenger and liaison/communications.
       As in Mi-8PS.
PSKR
       [USSR] Pogranichniy storozhevoy korabl' (border patrol ship)
PSP
       [USA] Pierced Steel Planking -- surface for improvised runways.
PSR
       Post-Strike Reconaissance
PSP
       Programmable Signal Processor
PSSK
       Probability of Single-Shot Kill
--PT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PT
       [USA] USN: Torpedo Boat
PTG
       [USA] USN:  Torpedo Boat, guided missile armament
PTM
       [USA] USN:  Missile-armed Torpedo Boat
PTT
       [USA] Part Task Trainer
--PU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PUC
       [USA] Presidential Unit Citation
Puff Ball
       [NATO] Big surveillance radar, carried by the Tu-16.
PUFFS
       [USA] Passive Underwater Firecontrol Feasability System.
Pull Out
       [USA] Program to cure the most serious defiencies of the F-86D
       all-weather interceptor, 1954.
Pundit
       [UK] Secret list of beacons and callsigns in the UK. WWII. 
Puppchen
       [Germany] 88mm antitank rocket launcher
Purple Star
       [UK] Exercise, from Oceana NAS in Virginia.
Purple Warrior
       [UK] Exercise in Scotland, November 1987. This was a 'rerun' of the
       Falkland War.
--PV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PV
       [USSR] Pulemot Vozdushny -- Machine Gun, Air.
       PV-1   7.62mm   780rds/m
PV
       Private Venture
PVHKMP
       [Denmark] Panservaerns-helikopter Kompagni --- anti-tank helicopter
       company.
PVO
       [USSR] Protivo-Vozdushnoy Oborony Strany, Air Defence of the homeland
PVOS
       [USSR] See PVO.
--PW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
PWR
       [UK] Passive Warning Receiver
PWW
       [USA] Planar Wing Weapon, a cancelled alternative for CWW.
--PX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--PY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--PZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==Q==========================================================================
--QA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QC-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
QDM
       Course to steer
QDR
       [USA] Quadrennial Defense Review
--QE-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QF-------------------------------------------------------------------------
QFE
       Atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation
QFI
       [UK] RAF: Qualified Flying Instructor
--QG-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QI-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QM-------------------------------------------------------------------------
QM
       Quartermaster
--QN-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
QNE
       Altimeter reading at airfield when subscale is set to 1013.2 millibars.
QNH
       Altimeter subscale setting to destination airfield altitude
--QO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QP-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
QRA
       Quick Reaction Alert
--QS-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q Star
       [USA] A Schweizer sailplane, modified to a prototype silent
       reconaissance aircraft with an engine behind the pilot.	A long shaft
       was positioned above the cockpit, and a big propellor was fitted on top
       of the nose.
--QT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quadrant
       [Allied] Conference of the allied war leaders in
       Quebec, August 1943.
Quail
       [USA] The ADM-20 decoy missile.
Quick Draw
       [USA] Withdrawal of US forces from Somalia, 1994.
Quick Fix
       [USA] Electronic Warfare helicopter. Quick Fix I was the EH-1H;
       Quick Fix II is the EH-60. The equipment used is ALQ-151.
Quick Look I
       [USA] Program to modify the Grumman OV-1 Mohawk to RV-1C recce
       aircraft.
Quick Look II
       [USA] Program to modify the Grumman OV-1 Mohawk to RV-1D recce aircraft
       with AN/ALQ-133 radar receivers.
Quicksilver
       [Allied] Also known as Fortitude South. Desinformation plan, that
       created a 'Ghost army' in England, purporting to prepare an
       invasion in the Pas de Calais area.
Quickstrike
       [USA] Family of air-dropped mines.
--QT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QW-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--QZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==R==========================================================================
R4M
       [Germany] Rakete, 4kg, Minenkopf. 4kr rocket with explosive head.
       The R4M was 812mm long, had a cross-section of 55mm, weighed 3.85kg,
       had a range of 1500m and a speed of 525m/sec. It was carried by Me 262
       fighters at the end of WWII.
--RA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RAAF
       [Australia] Royal Australian Air Force
RAAWS
       Radar Altimeter & Altitude Warning System
RACAAS
       [France] Radar de Combat Aerien et d'Ataque du Sol --- Air combat
       and attack radar.
Racon
       [UK] Radar beacon interrogation, a facilty added to AI Mk.VIII.
       Different from Lucero. 
Radar
       'RAdio Detection And Ranging', detection, location and tracking of
       aircraft by reflected radio waves. First patented in 1904 by one
       Christian Hulsemeyer, but became of practical use at the time of the
       outbreak of WWII. British, Germans and Russians developed their own
       systems.
RADIAC
       Radiactivity Detection, Indication, and Computation
Radiak
       [Norway] Radioactivity monitoring system installed in some
       Norwegian P-3 aircraft.
Radiator
       [UK] Anti-aircraft rocket launcher. WWII.
Radieschen
       [Germany] Passive radar homer fitted to some BV 246 Hagelkorn
       long-range glide bombs.
RADINT
       Radar Intelligence
Radop
       [Canada] Radar reflective Optical scoring target. Towed target. 
RAE
       [UK] Royal Aircraft Establishment, later Royal Aerospace 
       Establishment. Now part of DRA.
RAeS
       [UK] Royal Aeronautical Society
RAF
       [UK] Royal Air Force
RAFG
       [UK] RAF Germany
RAFSEE
       [UK] Royal Air Force Signals Engineering Establishment
RAFVR
       [UK] RAF Volunteer Reserve. Created in 1936.
RAG
       [USA] Replenishment Air Group
RAGEL
       [France] Reconaissance, Attaque, Guerre Electronique ---
       Reconaissance, attack, electronic warfare. Development of 
       the Mirage G4 variable geometry reconaissance and attack 
       aircraft. Abandoned.
RAI
       [UK] Reconaissance Attack Interface. Reconaissance aircraft that
       immediately call up aircraft to attack found targets.
RAID
       [USA] Reconaissance And Intediction Detachment. ARNG helicopter unit
       assigned to assist the DEA in law enforcement.
Raj
       [UK] The British colonial government of India.
RAKR
       [USSR]  Atomnaya raketniy kreyser (nuclear rocket cruiser)
RALS
       Remote Augmentation Lift System
RAM
       Radar Absorbent Material
RAMC
       [UK] Royal Army Medical Corps
RAMICS
       [USA] Rapid Airborne Mine Clearing System. Basically, this uses a laser-aimed
       20mm cannon firing special rounds to detonate mines.
RAM-x
       Aircraft first identified at the Soviet airfield of "Ramenskoye"
       were temporarely labeled RAM-x by NATO, were x is a sequence
       letter. This facility is actually called Zhukovsky.
       Ram-A   =>   Suchoi T6-1
       Ram-G   =>   Suchoi T6-2I
       Ram-H   =>   Tu-144D (and Suchoi T-4?)
       Ram-J   =>   Suchoi T-8 and Su-25
       Ram-K   =>   Suchoi T-10 and Su-27
       Ram-L   =>   MiG-29
       Ram-M   =>   M-17
       Ram-P   =>   Tu-160
       Ram-R   =>   Buran
       Ram-T   =>   Yak-141
Ramrod
       [UK] Bomber escort mission. WWII.
RAMS
       [USA] Research Aircraft Meteorological System. An instrument package
       fitted to the P-3C Orions of the NOAA. 
RAMSES
       [France] Reseau Amont Maille Strategique et de Survie. A command
       system for the French nuclear forces.  
RAN
       [Australia] Royal Australian Navy
Ranch Hand
       [USA] Modified C-123 for defoliation missions.
Randy
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawasaki Ki.102 attack aircraft
       / fighter.
Ranger
       [UK] (WWII) Ground attacks on targets within German-occupied
       territory. 
Ranger
       [UK] (After WWII) Overseas training flight. 
Rankin
       [Allied] Plan for the occupation of Europe after the defeat of
       nazi Germany. Renamed Talisman, then Eclipse. 
RANSAC
       [USA] Range Surveillance Aircraft. The Beech RC-12F, used to
       monitor a firing range for ballistic missiles.
RAP
       Radar Absorbent Paint
RAP
       [UK] Regimental Aid Post
Rapid Fire
       [USA] Automatic aiming system for imaging-seeker versions of
       the AGM-65 Maverick. 
Rapport
       [Belgium] Rapid Alert Programmed Power Management and Radar. An
       ECM System. 
RAPTOR
       [UK] Reconnaissance Airborne Pod for TORnado. 
RARO
       [Netherlands] Remote Aerial Refuelling Operator. The Dutch KDC-10
       tankers are conversions of commercial aircraft. The operator of
       the flying boom has a remote station behind the cockpit. 
RAS
       Rectified Airspeed
RASC
       [UK] Royal Army Service Corps
RAT
       Ram-Air Turbine
RATAN
       Radio And Television Aid to Navigation
RATO
       Rocket-Assisted Take Off
RATO
       Rocket-Assisted Take Off Gear
RATT
       Radioteletype
RAuxAF
       [UK] Royal Auxiliary Air Force
RAWIN
       [USA] Radar Wind Sounding
RAWINSONDE
       [USA] Radar Wind Sounding and Radiosonde
RAWS
       Radar Altitude Warning System
RAWS
       Radar Attack & Warning System
Razon
       [USA] See VB.
Ray
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi Type 1. Did not exist. (Was A6M)
--RB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
RBC
       Rapid Bloom Chaff. 
RBSU
       [UK] Radar Bomb Score Unit, for the evaltuation of simulated bombing
       runs. 1960s.
--RC-------------------------------------------------------------------------
RC
       Radio Control
RCAF
       [Canada] Royal Canadian Airforce
RCC
       [USA,UK] Rescue Coordination Centre
RCM
       Radio Countermeasures
RCS
       Radar Cross Section.
RCV
       Reaction Control Valves, 'puffer jets' using compressed air, used
       to control VTOL aircraft in the hover mode.
--RD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
R&D
       Research and Development
RDF
       [UK] Radio Direction Finding, the original acronym for 'radar'.
RDFS
       Radio Direction Finding Station
RDI
       [France] Radar Doppler a Impulsions --- Pulse-Doppler radar. Fitted
       to the Mirage 2000 from 1986 onwards.
RDM
       [France] Radar Doppler a Modulation --- Modulated Doppler radar.
       Fitted to first production series of Mirage 2000. 
RDT&E
       Research, Development, Test & Evaluation
--RE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
REAF
       [Egypt] Royal Egyptean Air Force. Ceased to be "Royal" in 1952.
Real Nite (???)
       [USA] Test of night navigation and attack systems on an
       A-6E Intruder.
Real Night
       [USA] Testing of the GEC Avionics Spartan navigation system,
       1986.
Rebecca
       [UK/USA] AN/AP-2 Navigation aid. Also a receiver for 'Eureka'. 
REC
       Radio Electronic Combat -- translation of the Russian terminology for
       ECM.
RECSHIP
       [USA] Receiving Ship
RECSTA
       [USA] Receiving Station
RED
       Risk Estimate Distance, 'safe' distance to friendly forces to use
       weapons.
Red Eagles
       [USA] Squadron operating Soviet aircraft, disbanded in about 1992.
       It had MiG-21s, MiG-23s and MiG-27s. 
Red Baron
       [USA] The Red Baron report was an investigation into air combat tactics,
       issued in 1972. It advised the introduction of Dissimilar Air Combat 
       training.
Red Bean
       [Belgium] Humanitary intervention in Zaire, 1978.
Red Beard
       [UK] Free-fall nuclear weapon. 5 to 20 kiloton, weight 794kg.
       Service between 1958 and 1972.
Red Bird
       [USA] Deployment of B-26 Invader bombers with infrared bomb-aiming
       equipment to Korea. 
Red Brick
       [UK] Radar system associated with the Bloodhound SAM.
Red Crown
       [USA] Radar station aboard a ship in the Tonkin Gulf, during the
       Vietnam war.
Red Dean
       [UK] Nuclear warhead planned for "Green Cheese", or a active-
       homing, all-weather missile under development in the 1950s.
Red Dragon
       [USA/Belgium] Operations in Congo in 1964, after severe clashes and
       killings in this country. The USA provided transport, Belgium
       provided ground forces.
Red Drover
       [UK] The first SLAR, designed for the cancelled Avro 730
       reconnaissance aircraft. 
Red Flag
       [USA] Exercise held on Nellis AFB.
Red Garter
       [UK] Tail warning radar, for the V-bomber force. An unreliable
       system that was replaced by 'Orange Putter'.
Red Haze
       [USA] AN/UAS-4 infrared surveillance equipment, carried by the
       OV-1C. 
Red Horse
       [USA] Rapid Engineer Deployment, Heavy Operational Repair Squadron
Red Neck
       [UK] Side-looking radar. A sleek 40ft long pod.
Red Rapier
       [UK] Surface-to-surface missile, a cruise missile inspired by the
       German V-1. Designed by Vickers, it had three tail fins, each
       carrying a small RB.93 Soar jet engine. Cancelled in 1954.
Red Shrimp
       [UK] ECM fit for Vulcan B.2 bombers.
Red Snow
       [UK] Code name for a 'physics package', the actual nuclear weapon
       in a series of nuclear bombs --- the bomb casings had their own
       codenames. It was intended for 'Blue Steel'.
Red Steer
       [UK] Tail warning radar for the Victor bomber.
Red Team
       [USA] Team of two gunship helicopters. See 'Pink Team'.
Red Team
       [USA] Effort to develop detection techniques capable of
       defeating 'Stealth' aircraft.
Reforger
       [NATO] REturn of FORces to GERmany -- exercise to transport US troops
       to Germany.
Regensburg
       [Germany] 27cm radar system.
Regulus
       [USA] Ship-launched long-range cruise missile.  Regulus I and II were
       otherwise totally different.  The Regulus missile was also carried by
       the two 'Grayback' class submarines.  No longer in service.
REINS
       [USA] Radar-Equipped Intertial Navigation System. Navagation and
       bombing system for the A-5 Vigilante. 
Rejuvenate
       [UK] Air defense exercise, 1956.
REMBASS
       [USA] Remotely Monitored Battlefield Sensor System
REME
       [UK] Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers
Remora
       [France] Active ECM pod. 
Rentai
       [Japan] Regiment
RESCAP
       [USA] Rescue Combat Air Patrol
Resolute 
       [UK] Operations of UK land forces in Bosnia, as part of IFOR.
       See also Hamden.
Restore Hope
       [USA] United Nations effort for Humanitarian Operations in Somalia.
Rex
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawanishi N1K Kyofu seaplane
       fighter.
REX
       [USA] 1945 proposal to launch a military sattelite. This was an
       USN project, and the USAAF refused to cooperate with it.
Rezeda
       [USSR] Mignonette. ECM package.
--RF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RF
       Radio Frequency
RFA
       [Germany] Riesenflugzeug-Abteilung. Giant aircraft unit, i.e.
       long-range bomber unit, equipped with 'R' type aircraft. WWI.
RFC
       [UK] Royal Flying Corps. The WWI air corps of the British Army.
RFI
       Request for Information
RFL
       Restrictive Fire Line
RFNA
       Red Fuming Nitric Acid, nitric acid with a stabilizer added. Used as
       oxidizer in rocket engines, with the advantage that it can easily be
       stored. Common in 'storable liquid' missiles. (In contrast with
       missiles that use cryogenic, non-storable liquid fuels.)
RFP
       Request For Proposals
RFQ
       Request For Quotations
RFS
       Radio Frequency Surveillance
RFT
       Request For Tender
RFWDF
       [USA] Radio Frequency Warner and Direction Finder
--RG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RG
       [USA] Reconaissance Group
RGM
       [USA] Ship-launched, guided ground-to-ground Missile.  
       RGM-6   Regulus I
       RGM-66  Standard
       RGM-84  Harpoon
       RGM-15  Regulus
--RH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RHAWS
       [USA] Radar Homing And Warning System. Used for strikes at enemy
       radar sites, AN/APR-25 or APR-47.
RHC
       [France] Regiment d'Helicopteres de Combat -- combat helicopter
       regiment.
Rheinbote
       [Germany] A slender, four-stage, unguided surface-to-surface missile,
       built at the end of WWII.  Over 200 were fired at Antwerp.  Range was
       218km; it used solid fuel.
Rheintochter
       [Germany] A WWII SAM, a large and ambitious missile.  Terminated in
       1944.
Rheinubung
       [Germany] Originally planned as a operation of the German surface fleet
       against allied convoys, with Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, Bismarck and Prinz
       Eugen involved. Reduced to the latter two by damage to the former;
       ended with the sinking of Bismarck on 26 May 1941.
RHKAAF
       [UK] Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Air Force
Rhombu
       [UK] Meteorological reconaissance mission over the North Sea. 
Rhubarb
       [UK] Fighter sweep against ground targets, during WWII.
RHWR
       Radar Homing & Warning Receiver
RHWS
       Radar Homing & Warning System
--RI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RIC
       [UK] Reconnaissance Intelligence Centre.
Ricebowl
       [USA] Planning for 'Eagle Claw'.
RIG
       Rate Integrating Gyro
Rigel
       [USA] Program to create a supersonic cruise missile, 1946 -- 1952.
Rikujyu Jietai
       [Japan] Japanese ground self defence force, JGSDF.
RIO
       [USA] Radar Intercept Officer; the second crewmember in USN two-seat
       fighters.
RIOD
       [Netherlands] RijksInstituut voor OorlogsDocumentatie. National
       institute researching the history of WWII, and recently also
       the Dutch involvement in UN operations in Bosnia. 
RIM
       [USA] Ship-launched SAM.
       RIM-2  Terrier
       RIM-7  Sea Sparrow
       RIM-8  Talos
       RIM-24 Tartar
       RIM-46 Sea Mauler
       RIM-50 Typhon
       RIM-55 Typhon
       RIM-66 Standard
       RIM-67 Standard ER
Rimau
       [Allied] Raid by Britsh commando units on Singapore Harbour. 1944.
RINT
       Radiation Itelligence; refers to radiation emitted by equipment, e.g.
       the ignition systems of car engines.
Rita
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima G8N Renzan bomber
Rivet Ace
       [USA] B-52G modification, to make it compatible with the SRAM
       missile and  to install a new ECM package. 
Rivet Amber
       [USA] Boeing RC-135E, ELINT aircraft
Rivet Ball
       [USA] Boeing RC-135S, ELINT aircraft.
Rivet Brass
       [USA] Boeing RC-135, TELINT aircraft.
Rivet Card
       [USA] Boeing RC-135M, SIGINT aircraft.
Rivet Joint
       [USA] Boeing RC-135V and RC-135W, SIGINT aircraft.
Rivet Quick
       [USA] Boeing RC-135M, SIGINT aircraft.
Rivet Reach
       [USA] Evaluation of a high-frequency SATCOM system. 
Rivet Rider
       [USA] Psychological warfare version of the C-130 Hercules.  EC-103E
Rivet Top
       [USA] The EC-121M, an upgraded version of the EC-121 AEW aircraft.
Rivisera
       [Sri Lanka] Operations against the "Tamil Tiger" rebels.
       Rivisera I, December 1995; Rivisera II, April 1996.
--RJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
RJAF
       [Jordania] Royal Jordanian Air Force
--RK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
RKA
       [USSR] Raketniy kater (rocket cutter)
RKKA
       [USSR] Rabotche Krestianskaia Krasnaia Armia --- Red Army of the
       Working People. 
RKR
       [USSR] Raketniy kreyser (rocket cruiser)
--RL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
RLA
       [USA] Rotary Launcher Assembly
RLAF
       [Laos] Royal Laotian Air Force
RLD
       [Netherlands] Rijksluchtvaartdienst. Civil aviation authority.
RLG
       Ring Laser Gyro. 
RLG
       [Laos] Royal Lao Government
RLM
       [Germany] Reichsluftfartministerium -- imperial air ministry
RLS
       [USSR] Radiolokatisonnaya stantsiya - RADAR
RLV
       [USA] Reusable Launch Vehicle
--RM-------------------------------------------------------------------------
RM
       [Sweden] Reactionsmotor. Naming system of Swedish jet engines.
       RM 1             de Havilland Goblin
       RM 2             SFA developments of the de Havilland Ghost 50
       RM 3             Rolls Royce Avon Mk.101C
       RM 4             STAL Dovern
       RM 5             Rolls Royce Avon Mk.21, 23, 24, 25 and RA 7R.
       RM 6             Rolls Royce Avon Mk.200, 47, 48, 60
       RM 7             Bristol Olympus 22R
       RM 8             VFA development of the P&W JT8D
       RM 9             Turbomeca Aubisque
       RM 10            Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.527B
       RM 11            Pratt & Whitney JT12A-8
       RM 12            Volvo development of the G.E. F404J
       RM 14            Rolls-Royce Tay Mk.611-8
       RM 15            Williams FJ44-1C
       (Information compiled by David R. Townend, Leif Petterson, Urban
       Fredriksson.)
R&M
       Reliability & Maintainability
RMA
       [Germany] Reichsmarineamt. German admiralty during WWI.
RMI
       Radio Magnetic Indicator. Instrument that indicates the heading
       and position of an aircraft, with inputs from several sources,
       including a compass and beacon receivers. 
RMPA
       [UK] Replacement Maritime Patrol Aircraft. Requirement for an
       aircraft to replace the BAe Nimrod. Should be in service by
       2001. The upgraded Nimrod 2000 was chosen. 
--RN-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RNAF
       [Norway] Royal Norwegian Air Force
RNAS
       [UK] Royal Naval Air Service
RNAS
       [UK] Royal Navy Air Station.
R-Nav
       Area Navigation. Navigation system that does not require aircraft
       to follow a specific route. 
RNAY
       [UK] Royal Navy Aircraft Yard
RNHF
       Royal Navy Historical Flight
RNZAF
       Royal New Zealand Air Force
RNZN
       Royal New Zealand Navy
--RO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
RoA
       Radius of Action
ROAC
       [UK] Royal Army Ordnance Corps
Roadstead
       [UK] WWII: Anti-shipping strike.
Rob
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawasaki Ki.64 fighter
Robin
       [UK] Possibly codename for overlflights of the USSR by RAF
       Canberras in the mid-1950s.
ROBO
       [USA] ROcket BOmber. Design study started in 1956 for a rocket-
       powered bomber, intended to fly round the earth at 30km
       altitude. 
ROC
       Rate of Climb
ROC
       Required Operational Capability
ROC
       [USA] Reserve Officer Candidate
ROC
       [UK] Royal Observed Corps
ROCC
       Regional Operations Control Center
Rockeye
       [USA] Family of cluster bombs.
Rodeo
       [UK] Plan for the re-occupation of Egypt, proposed in 1952.
ROE
       Rules Of Engagement
Roger
       [USA] Project Roger, at the Naval Aircraft Factory, developed
       radar for installation on aircraft. May 1941.
RoKAF
       [South Korea] Republic of Korea Air Force
RoKN
       [South Korea] Republic of Korea Navy
Rolling Thunder
       [USA] Bombardment campaign against North Vietnam, began on 2 March
       1965 and ended in 1968.
ROMAD
       [USA] Radio Operator, Maintainer and Driver. Accompanied FAC
       officers in the field. 
Romb
       [USSR] Rhombus. A series of SigInt systems. 
Romeo
       [France] Radar Ondes Millimetriques d'Evitement d'Obstacles ---
       Millimetre-wave obstacle avoidance radar. 
Rooster
       [USA/China] Air Transport of the 25136 men of the Chinese 6th Army
       to Shikiang, May 1944.
RO/RO
       Roll On / Roll Off (ship)
Rosebud
       [USA] AN/APN-19 IFF equipment
Rose Petal
       [UK/USA] Tests to determine the IR signature of a B-58 Hustler
       bomber, using a British Comet equipped with detection equipment.
Rosvooruzheniye
       [Russia] Weapons export agency
ROTC
       [USA] Reserve Officer Training Corps
Rotkapchen
       [Germany] WWII experimental guided anti-tank missile.  Wireguided.
Rotorhead Express
       [USA] One-time maintenance and revision effort of Cambodian
       UH-1 helicopters, in 1974.
Rotterdam
       [Germany] German copy of H2S. The Germans had captured most of an
       H2S set when a Stirling bomber crashed near Rotterdam. 
Roundhammer
       [Allied] Compromise between the plans Sledgehammer and Roundup:
       A medium-strength invasion of Northwest Europe. Later renamed
       Overlord.
Rotterheim
       [Germany] Flak radar, a centimetric system based on 'Rotterdam',
       on the platform of Mannheim. 
Roundup
       [Allied] Proposal for a full-scale invasion of West Europe,
       originally supposed to happen in 1943.
Route Package
       [USA] Combat sector in Vietnam.
Rover
       [UK] Armed reconaissance flight.
Rover
       [USA] Project to study nuclear rocket engines.
Roving Sands
       [USA] Exercise. 
Royal Flush
       [USA] Escort and attack missions for fighters of the 8th AF and 9th AF on
       D-day.
ROZ
       Restricted Operating Zone
--RP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RP
       [UK] Rocket Projectile
RP
       Rocket Propelled
RP
       [USA] Route Package (see there)
RPA
       [USA] Remote Piloted Aircraft
RPD
       Receiver Protection Device. To protect receivers against
       excessive signals. 
RPG
       Rounds Per Gun
RPM
       Revolutions Per Minute
RPMB
       [USA] Remotely Piloted Mini-Blimp, a small airship for seurveillance
       purposes.
RPRA
       [USA] Remotely Piloted Research Aircraft:  A teleguided aircraft to
       test the oblique wing concept.
RPRV
       Remotely Piloted Research Vehicle
RPV
       Remotely Piloted Vehicle
--RQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RQF
       [USA] Rescue Flight
RQG
       [USA] Rescue Group
RQS
       [USA] Rescue Squadron
RQW
       [USA] Rescue Wing
--RR-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RRC
       [NATO] Rapid Reaction Corps
RRE 
       [UK] Royal Radar Establishment. (Originally Radar Research
       Establishment.) Later renamed RSRE.
RRF
       [NATO] Rapid Reaction Force
RRFU
       [UK] Radar Research Flying Unit. Associated with the RRE. 
RRI
       Radar Range Indicator
RRITA
       [USA] Rapid Response Intra-Theater Airlifter
--RS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RS
       [USA] Reconnaissance Squadron
       192nd RS  'High Rollers'
RSAF
       [Saudi-Arabia] Royal Saudi Air Force
RSAF       
       [Singapore] Republic of Singapore Air Force
RSO
       Reconaissance System Operator
RSO
       [UK] Range Safety Officer, for shooting ranges.
RSRA
       [USA] Rotor Systems Research Aircraft. The Sikorsky S-72
       experimental helicopters.
RSRE
       [UK] Royal Signals and Radar Establishment. Now DRA. 
RSS
       Relaxed Static Stability
R&SU
       [UK] Repair and Salvage Unit; sometimes mobile technical units that
       folowwed WWII RAF units.
RSV
       [Italy] Reparto Sperimentale Volo -- Experimental Flying Unit.
--RT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RT
       Radar Transmitter
RT
       [USSR] Reydovoy tral'shchik (roadstead minesweeper)
RTAF
       Royal Thai Air Force 
RTAFB
       Royal Thai Air Force Base
RTB
       Return To Base
RTF
       Radiotelephone
RTG
       [Thailand] Royal Thai Government
RTI
       Radar Target Indicator
RTN
       [Thailand] Royal Thai Navy
RTO
       [USA] Rejected Take-Off
RTPB
       [Thailand] Royal Thai Border Police
RTPQA
       [Canada] Real Time Performance Quality Assurance. Evaluation of the
       effiency of the defence. 
RTPS
       [USA] Real-time Telemetry Processing System. Installed at the NAWC AD
       division at Patuxent River, to monitor flight testing.
RTR
       Running Time Recorder
RTU
       Radio Tuning Unit
RTU
       [USA] Replacement Training Unit
RTV
       Rotate to View (of a seeker).
--RU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Rubidy
       [USSR] Navigation radar.
Rubin
       [USSR] Navigation radar.
Rufe
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima A6M, floatplane version of 
       the A6M 'Zeke'.
Rug
       [USA] AN/APQ-2 jamming transmitter. 200MHz to 500MHz.
Rum Keg
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1968.
Rumpelkammer
       [Germany] V-1 offensive against London, 1944.
RUR
       [USA] Ship-launched, anti-submarine rocket -- the torpedo is dropped
       by the missile at the end of flight.
       RUR-4 Weapon Alpha
       RUR-5 Asroc
RUS
       [USSR] Air defence radar set. RUS-1 and RUS-2 were put in service in
       May 1941.
Russelheim
       [Germany] Rocket tracking system, used for V-2 tests. 
Ruth
       [USA] Codename for the Italian Fiat BR 20 bomber, some of which 
       were in Japanese service.
--RV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RV
       Re-entry Vehicle
RV
       Rendez Vous
RVAH
       [USA] USN Reconaissance-Attack squadron, Heavy.
       RVAH-12  'Speartips'.
RVR
       Runway Visual Range
RVSN
       [USSR] Rakentye Voiska Strategityesko Naznatseniya (Strategic Missile
       Force)
RVSP
       Radar Video Signal Processor
RVV-AE  
       [USSR] See AAM-AE. 
--RW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
RW
       [USA] Reconaissance Wing
RWE
       [UK] Radar Warning Equipment
RWOEU
       [UK] Rotary Wing Operational Evaluation Unit
RWR
       Radar Warning Receiver
RWR
       Rear Warning Radar
RWS
       Range While Scan (radar mode)
--RX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--RY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--RZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==S==========================================================================
--SA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
SA
       [Germany] Sturmabteilung. Militia of the Nazi party. 
SA
       Surface Attack
SA
       Situation Awareness
SAAF
       [South Africa] South African Air Force
SAAHS
       Stability Augmentation & Altitude Hold System
SABA
       Small Agile Battlefield Aircraft
Saber
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-20
Sabre Penetrator
       [USA] The ATB, or Advaned Technology Bomber.
SAC
       [USA] Strategic Air Command
SACEUR
       [NATO] Supreme Allied Commander Europe
SACLANT
       [NATO] Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic
SACLOS
       Semi-Active Command Line Of Sight guidance, or
       Semi-Automatic Command to Line-Of-Sight
SADARM
       [USA] Search And Destroy Armor Munition
Saddler
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-7
SADM
       [USA] Special Atomic Demolition Minution. The 'backpack' verion
       of the nuclear bomb.
Sadsack
       [NATO] Codename for the Chinese Hai Ying 4 cruise missile, also
       known as CSSC-7.
SAF
       [Suriname] Suriname Air Force
SAFE
       [USA] Selected Area For Evasion
Safeguard
       [USA] ABM defence system for Washington DC and Grand Forks AFB, in
       agreement with SALT I.  Deactivated one day after it became
       operational, on 1 October 1975.
SAG
       Surface Action Group
SAGE
       [USA] Semi-Automatic Ground Environment
Sageburner
       [USA] Attempt to set low-altitud speed records with the McDonnell
       F4H-1F Phantom II. 902.760mph at below 25ft!
Sagger
       [NATO] Soviet anti-tank missile, AT-3
SAHRS
       Standard/Strapdown Attitude & Heading Reference System
Saint II
       [USA] Proposal for a lifting-body space vehicle. 1961.
Sakusen
       [Japan] Operation.
SAL
       [USA] Strategic ALCM launcher. The Rockwell B-1.
SALH
       [USA] Semi-Active Laser Homing
Salish
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface cruise missile, SSC-2A
Sally
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi Ki.21 bomber
Salome Committee
       [UK] Committee created to deal with the technical and supply aspects
       of nuclear weapons deployment.
SALT
       Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
Salvo
       [Israel] Life extension program for the Mirage IIIC.
Sam
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi A7M Reppu fighter
SAM
       Surface to Air Missile
SAM
       [USA] Special Air Mission
Samlet
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface cruise missile, SSC-2B
SAMOS
       [USA] Sattelite And Missile Observation System
SAMOVAR
       [Norway] SAM Obstruction in Velocity, Angle and Range. Electronic
       jamming pod fitted to Tiger-PAWS aircraft. 
SAMSON
       Special Avionics Mission Strap-on Now (avionics pod).
Sandal
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-4
Sandbag
       [USA] (unofficial) Vietnamese pseudo-trainee, often non-flying
       personnel, accompanying US pilots on combat missions, because the
       US presence in Vietnam was at the time restricted to a 'training'
       mission. 1964. 
Sandbox
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-N-12
Sandy
       [USA] Mission for a strike aircraft to escort rescue helicopters over
       Vietnam.
SAOEU
       [UK] Strike/Attack Operational Evaluation Unit
SAP
       Semi-Armour Piercing
SAP
       [USA] Suprise Attack Panel. Studied measures against a possible
       surprise attack by the USSR. Later renamed TCP.
Sapfeer
       [USSR] Sapphire. Radar installed in the MiG-23 and in the
       MiG-25PD Foxbat-E. 
Saphir
       [France] Flare-launching system used by helicopters of the ALAT.
Sapwood
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-6
SAR
       Search And Rescue
SAR
       Synthetic Aperture Radar. The aperture of such radar is 'synthetic'
       because a series of radar recordings of a side-looking radar is
       combined into one image. This increases the 'virtual size' of the
       radar antenna to several times its physical size, greatly improving
       the resolution of the radar image.
SAR
       Semi-Active Radar (homing)
SAR
       Synthetic Array Radar. 
SARA
       [France] Systeme Aerotransportable de Reconaissance Aerienne --- 
       Air-transportable air-reconaissance system. A lightweight,
       transportable ground station, transmitting information to
       battlefield commanders in real time. 
SARBE
       [UK] Search And Rescue Beacon Equipment
Sardine
       [NATO] Codename for the Chinese Ying Ji 1 missile, also known as
       CSSC-N-4.
SARH
       Semi-Active Radar Homing -- missile guidance system.  The missile
       steers on the reflection of the radar beam transmitted by the aircraft.
SARTU
       [UK] Search And Rescue Training Unit
SAS
       [USA] Stability Augmentation System; equipment installed in the B-52 to
       increase controllability in turbulence.
SAS
       [UK] Special Air Service
Sasin
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-8
SAT
       [UK] Scientific Advisor on Telecommunications. During WWII, this
       was Robert Watson-Watt. 
Satan
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-18
SATCOM
       Sattelite Communications
SATIN
       [USA] Survivability Augmentation for Transport aIrcraft -- Now! The
       acronym SATAN would have been more logical, but has obvious
       disadvantages... This is an ECM system for transport aircaft.
Satin
       [Allied] Plan for an attack on Sfax on the North African coast.
       Abandoned, January 1943.
SATNAV
       Sattelite Navigation
SATS
       Short Airfield for Tactical Support
SAU
       Signal Acquisition Unit
SAU
       Search and Attack Unit
Saucy
       [Allied] Plan for invasion of Northern Burma, a poor man's version of
       'Anakim'. 1943.
Savage
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-13
SAVER
       [USA] Stowable Aircrew Vehicle Escape Rotoseat. It was a small
       'ejectable' helicopter with a 80km range. A demonstror flew, but
       the concept was rejected as impractical. 
Savil Guvenlik
       [Turkey] Coast Guard
Saw Buck
       [USA] Deployment of TAC units to Vietnam.  1962.
Sawfly
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-N-6
SAWS
       [USA] Silent Attack Warning System
Saxhorn       
       [NATO] Soviet anti-tank missile, AT-7
--SB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
SBA
       [UK] Standard Beam Approach. British name for the Lorentz blind
       landing system. 
S-boot
       [Germany] Motor torpedo boat
SBS
       [UK] Special Boat Service. Naval equivalent of the SAS.
SBT
       [UK] Submarine Bubble Target. Release of bubble-generating chemicals
       to confuse sonar. 
SBX
       [USA] Slow Burning eXplosive. Bomb based on the use of 'dust'
       explosions, found to be more effective against buildings than
       conventional explosives. A WWII development that did not become
       operational.
--SC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SC
       [Germany] Sprengbombe, Cylindrisch. Cylindrical high-explosive bomb.
       Suffix used to designate German bombs, preceded by the weight of
       the bomb in kg.
SCA
       [France] Service Central Aeronautique --- Central Aircraft Service. 
SCAD
       [USA] Subsonic Cruise Armed Decoy, the first designation of the AGM-86
       programme. At this stage, AGM-86 was intended as a decoy launched by
       the B-52, of which some would carry nuclear warheads.
Scaleboard
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-12
Scalp
       [France] Systeme de Croisiere conventional Autonome a Longue
       porte de Precision. A GPS-guided derivative of Apache.
Scalpel
       [NATO] Soviet ICBM, SS-24.
Scamp
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile,
       SS-14 'Scapegoat' plus road trailer.
Scapegoat
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-14
Scan Odd
       [NATO] The 'Izumrud' radar of the all-wheater MiG-19 and maybe the
       MiG-17P.
Scan Fix
       [NATO] Early version of the Izumrud radar, fitted to the MiG-17P.
Scan Three
       [NATO] Radar of the Yak-25.
Scarab
       [NATO] Soviet SRBM, SS-21.
Scarecrow
       [UK] This was a light fitted to "Q sites", dummy airfields, to
       atttrack German bombers during the night.
Scarp
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-9
SCAS
       Stability & Control Augmentation System
SCAT
       [USA] SCout-ATtack version, of LHX.
SCIMITAR
       System for Countering Interdiction Missiles & Target Acquisition Radars
Schatzgraeber
       [Germany] Weather station on Alexandra Land, in the Arctic.
Scherhorn
       [Germany] Operations in support of an alleged isolated group of
       German soldiers in Russia, October 1944 -- April 1945. Then it
       was found out that it was a Soviet trick!
Schmetterling
       [Germany] Henschel Hs 117. This was the first SAM in large scale
       production. Production was up to 3000 per month in November 1945,
       but it was never used operationally. It used radio command guidance.
Schulung
       [Germany] Codename for the reoccupation of the demilitarized
       Rhineland. 1936. 
SCM
       [USA] Space Cargo Modified. Two C-5As, modified to carry Space
       Shuttle payloads.
SCN
       [USA] Shipbuilding and Conversion Navy
Scope Light
       [USA] Boeing EC-135H and EC-135P, ABNCP aircraft
Scorpion
       [NATO] Soviet ship-based surface-to-surface missile, SS-N-24.
SCOV
       [USA] Skids Clear Of Vegetation --- helicopter flying just 
       above vegatation; minimum possible altitude.
Scrag
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-10
Scrooge
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-15
Scrubber
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-N-1
SCUBA
       Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus. 
Scud
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-1
Scunner
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-1
--SD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SD
       [Germany] Armour-piercing bomb. See SC. 
SD
       [Germany] Sicherheitsdients. Security Service. In practice an
       elite group within the SS. 
SDA
       [France] Systeme de Detection Aeroportee --- Airborne detection
       system. The Boeing E-3F Sentry aircraft.
SDC
       [USA] Situation Display Console
SDC
       Signal to Data Convertor.
SDD
       Sensor Display Driver
SDF
       Simplified Directional Facility
SDI
       [USA] Strategic Defense Initiative. An anti-ICBM defense project.
SDK
       [USSR] Sredniy desantniy korabl' (medium landing ship)
SDLM
       Scheduled Depot Level Maintenance
SDM
       [USA] Site Defense of Minuteman.  ABM research programme.
SDR
       [USA] System Development Requirement
SDRLO
       [USSR] Sistiem Dalnovo Radiolokacyo-mnovo Obanrushenya --- Long-Range
       Radar Detection System. The Beriev/Antonov A-50 'Mainstay' AEW aircraft.
SDU
       [Hong Kong] Special Duties Unit. Anti-terrorist branch of the
       Hong Kong police.
SDU
       Sensor Display Unit
--SE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SEA
       South East Asia
SeaBasedAirASWWingsLant
       [USA] Sea Based Air Anti Submarine Warfare Wings Atlantic Fleet
Seabee
       [USA] CB, Construction Battalion
SEAD
       [USA] Suppresion of Enemy Air Defences
Seahorse
       [USA] Transport of German aircraft to the USA after WWII. 
SEAL
       [USA] Sea, Air, Land
Seal
       [Australia] A WWII project to generate artificial tidal waves. 
       It didn't work. 
SEAM
       [USA] Sidewinder Expanded Acquisition Mode.  An upgrade of the guidance
       systems for the AIM-9.
Sea Mattress
       [Allied] See 'Stickleback'.
Seamore
       [USA] Southeast Asia Mohawk Requirement. An upgrade for the OV-1
       Mohawk, during the Vietnam war, to improve its sensor systems.
Sea Skimmer
       [USA] Renamed Sea Skipper.
Sea Skipper
       [USA] Modification programma to convert the supersonic Beechcraft
       AQM-37 target drone for simulated anti-shipping attacks.
Sea Spray
       [UK] Radar fitted in the Westland Lynx.
SEBS
       [USA] Submarine Emergency Buoyancy System
Secede III
       [USA] Release of a barium cloud in near space by a rocket.
SECNAV
       [USA] Secretary of the Navy
Seeburg
       [Germany] Glass plotting table, used by nightfighter ground control
       centers during WWII.
Seek Bat
       [USA] Project to develop an IR guided version of the Standard
       missile. 1972. 
Seek Iglo
       [USA] The FPS-39 radar system, a ground-based radar now replacing
       older systems in the 'DEW line'.
Seek Skyhook
       [USA] Observation balloon, fitted with radar equipment.
Seek Smoke
       [USA] Retrofitting of the F-4D Phantom II with kits to reduce the
       smoke of their engines.
Seek Talk
       [USA] Secure voice communications system. 
Seelowe
       [Germany] Abandoned WWII German plan for the invasion of the UK.
       Postponed on 17 September 1940.
Seetakt
       [Germany] Radar system for ships, introduced in 1938. Operated
       at a wavelength of 82cm.
Sego
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-11
SelCal
       Selective Calling. The practice of interrogating a transponder
       only when the antenna is directed to the target. 
SELF
       Submarine Extremely Low Frequency, see also ELF.
SEM
       [UK] Service Engineering Modification
SEM
       [USA] Standard Electronics Module
SEM
       [France] Super Etendard Modernise. Upgraded version of the Super
       Etendard carrier-borne strike aircraft.
SEMA
       [USA] Special Electronic Mission Aircraft. In this role several
       aircraft were used, such as the EH-60 'Quick Fix II'.
SEM-E
       [USA] Standard Electronics Module, E-size
SEMA-X
       [USA] Special Electronic Mission Aircraft.  This was a twin-turbofan
       VSTOL aircraft, designed by Grumman.  SEMA-X had a small wing and
       rotating 9065lb TF34-GE-100 engines at the mid-fuselage position.  It
       was cancelled.
Senior Book
       [USA] Program for operations of Taiwanese U-2s over China.
Senior Bowl
       [USA] The D-21 high-speed drone, carried by the M-12, a special
       version of the A-12, itself the CIA precursor of the SR-71.
Senior Citizen
       [USA] The alledged program name of the alledged 'Aurora' high-speed
       reconaissance aircraft. Also reported as a tactical airlift
       programme...
Senior Crown
       [USA] The SR-71 reconaissance aircraft.
Senior Hunter
       [USA] C-130 support aircraft for the EC-130E Volant Solo.
Senior Ice
       [USA] Development programme for the B-2 bomber.
Senior Lance
       [USA] U-2R with SAR in Goodyear inflatable dome.
Senior Open
       [USA] U-2R with rotating LOROP camera system in nose.
Senior Prom
       [USA] Program for a stealthy cruise missile. Cancelled.
Senior Ruby
       [USA] Sensor package carried by the U-2R; a radar emission monitoring
       system.
Senior Sky
       [USA] The F-22 stealthy fighter.
Senior Span
       [USA] Datalink-equipment carried by U-2Rs to relay data to sattelites.
       A large radome on top of the aft fuselage.
Senior Spear
       [USA] Sensor package carried by the U-2R, a radio signal monitoring
       system.
Senior Stretch
       [USA] Renamed Senior Span.
Senior Trend
       [USA] The F-117 development programme.
Senior Year
       [USA] Operations with the Lockheed U-2R.
Sentai
       [Japan] Wing.
Sentinel
       [USA] ABM defence system for cities.  Abandoned in favour of Safeguard.
Sentry Wolverine
       [NATO] Exercise, on Selfridge AFB, Michigan, USA.
SEP
       Specific Excess Power
Sepal
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface cruise missile, SSC-1B 
Serb
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-N-5
Serrate
       [UK] Receiver for the signals of the German Lichtenstein SN-2
       nightfighter radar, which was carried by British nightfighters.
SERVAL
       [France] Systeme d'Ecoute Radar et de Visualisation de l'ALerte.
       Radar monitoring and warning visualisation system. This is a
       RWR.
SERVFOR
       [USA] Service Force
SES
       [France] Section Experimental et de Servitude.
SES
       Surface Effect Ship
SETAD
       [USA] SEcure Transmission of Acoustic Data
Seven Up
       [USA] Modification of the J79-GE-7 engine of the F-104C.  1963.
SEW
       Space and Electronic Warfare
Sextant
       [Allied] Conference in Cairo, November 1943.
--SF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SFC
       Specific Fuel Consumption. Fuel consumption per unit of thrust or
       power and per time unit.
SFCV
       [USA] Survivable Flight Control Vehicle. An experimental
       F-4 Phantom II fitted with a quadruple-redundant, physically
       separated FBW system. 
SFOR
       [UN] Stabilisation Force. The successor to IFOR in Bosnia.
       Operation starting in December 1996.
--SH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Shaddock
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-N-3
SHADOW
       [USA] Sikorsky Helicopter Advanced Demonstrator of Operator Workload.
       A S-76 was modified with a single cockpit in front of the normal
       one.
SHAEF
       [Allied] Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces
SHAPE
       [NATO] Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers, Europe
Sharp Guard
       [NATO] Naval operations in the Adriatic, enforcing the UN
       embargo against the countries of Former Yugoslavia. Renamed
       Decisive Enhancement after the Dayton Peace agreement. 
Sharp Shooter
       [USA] Installation of the 20mm Vulcan cannon in the internal weapons
       bay of the F-106A Delta Dart.
Sheet Bend
       [NATO] Radar associated with SSC-2B Samlet cruise missiles.
Shershen
       [NATO] Soviet torpedo boat class.
Sherut Avir
       [Israel] Air Service. Name of the Israeli Air Force until 1948.
SHF
       Super High Frequency
SHF
       [UK] Support Helicopter Force
Shilka
       [NATO] ZSU-23-4 self-propelled AA gun platform
Shimpu
       [Japan] Unit of suicide aircraft, operating from the Philippines from
       20 October 1944. 'Shimpu' is an alternative interpretation of the
       characters for 'Kamikaze'.
Shingle
       [Allied] Invasion at Anzio; Italy. 2 January 1944.
Shinyo
       [Japan] Small, fast boat, intended for suicide (ramming) attacks by
       night against US ships.	About 6000 were built, but none used.
SHIPALT
       [USA] Ship Alteration
Shiver
       [Allied] Jammer used during WWII against the German Wurzburg radars.
ShKAS
       [USSR] Shpitalny-Komaritsky Aviatsionny Skorostrelny --- 'Rapid-Firing
       Aircraft Gun' designed by B. G. Shpitalny and I. A. Komaritsky.
       7.62mm, 1800rpm, 10kg
Shmel
       [USSR] Radar installed in the A-50 'Mainstay' AWACS aircraft. 
Sho
       [Japan] 'Victory'. A set of Japanese war plans designed to counter
       US advances in the Pacific. Sho I, the defense of the Phillipines,
       was executed. 1944.
Shoehorn
       [USA] The ALQ-51 ECM system for drones.
SHOL
       Ship Helicopter Operation and Limitation. 
Shompol
       [USSR] Ramrod. Side-looking airborne radar.
SHORAD
       Short Range Air Defence
Short Granite
       [UK] Nuclear bomb, experimental only, 1957. Megaton class. 
Short Horn
       [NATO] Navigation and bombing radar. Fitted to Tu-95 'Bear-H'.
Short Horn
       [NATO] Search radar of the Ka-25 'Hormone-A'
Short Spica
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1966.
Shotai
       [Japan] Company. Small section of carrier-based aircraft, 3 or
       4 aircraft.
Shu Fly
       [USA] Deployment of USMC helicopters to Vietnam, 1962.
ShVAK
       [USSR] Shpitalny-Vladimirov Aviatsionnaya Krupno-Kalibernaya --- 
       'Large Calibre Aircraft Gun' designed by B. G. Shpitalny and S. V.
       Vladimirov. 20mm, 800m/sec, 800rpm, 42kg.
Shyster 
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-3
--SI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SI
       Specific Impulse (For rockets: thrust per unit of fuel per second.)
Sibling 
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-2
SICCAP
       [Portugal] Sistema Integrado de Comando e Controlo Aereo de
       Portugal. Integrated air command and control system. A NATO-
       financed upgrade of radar centers and communications links. 
Sickle
       [NATO] Soviet ICBM, SS-25.
SID
       Standard Instrument Departure
Side Net
       [NATO] Height finding radar, used in combination with the for SA-5
       and the 'Tall King' radar.
SIGINT
       Signal Intelligence
Silakh Al-Jawwiya As'Sudaniya
       [Sudan] Sudanese Air Force
Silk Purse
       [USA] Boeing EC-135H, ABNCP aircraft
Silkworm
       [NATO] Codename for a Chinese anit-ship missile system.
Silver Bullet
       [USA] The B-61 nuclear bomb.
Simba
       [Belgium] Flight of four CF-100 fighters from Belgium to its
       colony Congo (now Zaire). 1959.
Sinner
       [NATO] Soviet ICBM, SS-16.
SINS
       [USA] Ship's Inertial Navigation System
SIOP
       [USA] Single Integrated Operational Plan. The 'war plan' in case
       of a major (nuclear) war.
SIP
       Systems Improvement Programme
SIPAM
       [Brazil] SIstem de Proteao da AMazonio
SIR
       [USA] Systems Integrated Receiver, receiver equipment in the
       tail pod of the EA-6B Prowler.
Siren
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-N-7
Sirena
       [USSR] Radar warning receiver. 
SIT
       Silicon Intensified Target. Part of image intensifiers.
SITREP
       Situation Report
SIV
       [USA] Special Interest Vehicle
SIVAM
       [Brazil] Sistema de Vigilancia da Amazonia --- Amazon surveillance
       system. Originally a development of the Embraer EMB-120 Brasilia
       into an AEW aircraft and remote sensing aircraft. Now it has been
       decided to use the EMB-145 instead.
--SJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
--SK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
SKAT
       [Lithuanian] Lithuanian National Guard.
SKE
       Station Keeping Equipment. Electronics that help to maintain
       formation. 
Skean
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-5
SKG
       [Germany] Snellkampfgeschwader, a fast fighter-bomber unit.
Ski Jump
       [USA] Research operations in the Arctic regions. 1949.
Skipper II
       [USA] Rocket-assisted version of the Paveway LGB, used by the USN.
Skip Spin
       [NATO] Radar set of the Yak-28P 'Firebar', Su-11 'Fishpot' and
       Su-15 'Flagon'.
SKOCU
       [UK] Sea King Operational Conversion Unit
Skoshi Tiger
       [USA] Program to test the F-5A Tiger under combat condition in
       Vietnam.
SKR
       [USSR] Storozhevoy korabl' (patrol ship)
SKTU
       [UK] Sea King Training Unit
Skunk Works
       [USA] Nickname for Lockheed's Advanced Development Project Office
       in Burbank, California. Alledgedly this nickname originated because
       they at first used to work in a tent near a smelly workshop, or as
       reference to a comic strip. Now the name is copyrighted by Lockheed.
Skybolt
       [USA] Development of an air-launched ballistic missile. Cancelled
       in 1962. AGM-87A. 
Skyburner
       [USA] Speed record flight by a McDonnel YF4H-1 Phantom II, 22 December
       1961. 1606.347mph.
Skydrop II
       [USA] Exercise in Fort Bragg, NC, in 1953. Evaluated tactical air
       transport. 
Skye
       [Allied] Also known as 'Fortitude North'. Desinformation plan, with
       as goal to keep part of the German forces in Scandinavia. On D-day
       (6 June 1944) there were 372000 German soldiers in Norway.
Sky Monitor
       [NATO] Surveillance of the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina. From 1992
       onwards. 
Sky Shield II
       [USA] Exercise in 1961. Involved thousands of military aircraft, and
       the grounding of all commercial traffic for 12 hours!
--SL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
S/L
       Sea Level
SLAB
       [USA] Subsonic Low Altitude Bomber. A requirement for a new long-range
       bomber, 1961.
SLAF
       [Sri Lanka] Sri Lankan Air Force
SLAM
       [USA] Stand-off Land-Attack missile. A derivative of the Harpoon
       missile.
SLAM
       Supersonic Low-Altitude Missile
SLAM
       [UK] Submarine Launched Airflight Missile. A SAM system for
       submarines. 
SLAM
       [USA] Selectable Lightweight Attack Munition. Developed by Project 
       Manager Mines, Countermine and Demolitions, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ.
SLAMMR
       Side-Looking Airborne (Modulated) Multi-Mission Radar, fitted to a
       maritime surveillance version of the Boeing 737.
SLAP
       Saboted Light Armour Penetrator. A saboted 12.7mm machine gun
       round with a tungsten 7.62mm core, fired at a muzzle velocity
       of about 1200m/s.
Slapstick
       [Allied] Invasion at Taranto, 9 September 1943.
SLAR
       Side-Looking Airborne Radar, or Side-Looking Array Radar. An
       aircraft radar that maps the ground beside it. 
SLBM
       Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile
SLC
       Side Lobe Clutter
SLCM
       Submarine-Launched Cruise Missile
SLDF
       [Sierra Leone] Sierre Leone Defence Force
Sledgehammer
       [Allied] Contingency plane for an invasion of West Europe
       in 1942, to be undertaken only if either the USSR or Germany
       was close to complete defeat. Later changed to the creation
       of a "permanent lodgment" on the Cotentin peninsula in 1942,
       a proposal that was rejected by the British. 
SLEP
       [USA] Service Life Extension Program  -- modernisation program
       for carriers.
Slim
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Watanabe E9W seaplane
SLIM
       [USA] Simplified Logistics and Improved Maintenance, an upgrade
       for the F-106.
Slim Net
       [NATO] Missile-associated radar.
SLMM
       [USA] Submarine Launched Mobile Mine
SLOC
       Sea Line Of Communication
Slot Black
       [NATO] Radar set of the MiG-29.
SLR
       Side Looking Radar
SLR
       Side Looking Reconaissance Radar
SLT
       [USA] Sonobuoy Launch Tube
SLV
       [USA] Sattelite Launching Vehicle
       SLV-4 Vanguard
SLVSV
       [France] Section de Liaison et de Vol Sans Visibilite -- liaison and
       IFR training part of a French Air Force squadron.
--SM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SM
       [USA] USN: Minelayer
SM
       [USA] Ground-to-ground missile.
       SM-62 Snark
       SM-64 Navaho
       SM-65 Atlas
       SM-68 Titan
       SM-73 Goose
        SM-75 Thor
       SM-78 Jupiter
       SM-80 Minuteman       
SMALC
       [USA] SacraMento Air Logistics Center, Clellan AFB, California.
Smallboy
       [UK] See 'Blue Danube'.
SMCM
       [USA] Surface Mine CounterMeasures. Mine sweeping and mine sweeping by
       ships, in contrast with AMCM.
Smerch
       [USSR] Tornado. Radar fitted to the Tu-128, late Su-15 and
       MiG-25P Foxbat-A fighters. "Fox Fire". 
SMFD
       [USA] Secondary Multi-Function Display
SMO
       [USA] Senior METOC Officer, attached to an 'Unified Command Staff'. 
SMOTEC
       [USA] Special Missions Operation and Evaluation Center.
SMTD
       [USA] STOL/Manoeuvring Technology Demonstrator, an F-15 with canards
       and two-dimensional thrust-vectoring nozzles.
SMS
       Store Management System
SMTI
       Selective Moving Target Indicator
SMTS
       [USA] Space and Missile Training Squadron
SMW
       [USA] Strategic Missile Wing
--SN-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
S/N
       Signal/Noise radio. 
SNAP
       [USA] Shipboard Nontactical Automated Data Processing
SNAP II
       [USA] Shipboard Nontactical Automated Data Processing -- II
Snapdragon
       [UK] Flight of a number of Spitfires FR Mk.XVIII from Singapore
       to Hongkong, with three stops, in 1948. 
Snapper
       [NATO] Soviet anti-tank missile, AT-1
Snappy
       [USA] Fitting of a unspecified sensor system to E-3 Sentry AEW
       aircraft during the Gulf War, 1991.
Snark
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-N-4
SNARS
       [USSR] Samonavoyashchiysa Aviatsionnyi Reaktivnyi Snariad. SNARS-250
       was the first Soviet guided air-to-air missile. 
SNB
       [France] Systeme de Navigation et de Bombardement. Navigation and
       bombardment system.
SNECMA
       [France] Societe National d'Etudes et de Construction de Moteurs
       Aeronautiques. 
Sneewitchen
       [Germany] Development of Friendensengel. Few built.
SNLE
       [France] Sous-marin Nucleaire Lanceur d'Engines. Nuclear
       ballistic submarine. 
Snooper
       [USA] Low-altitude night attacks, by radar-equipped B-24 bombers
       in the Pacific. 
Snow Falcon
       [UK] Exercise: deployment of Harriers to Bardufoss, Norway, in 1988.
Snow Trip
       [UK] Exercise to test the efficiency of radar systems in winter
       conditions. 1956, Canada.
Snowflake
       [UK] Illuminating rocket used by convoy escorts during WWII. 
--SO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
SO
       [UK] Scientific Officer
SOA
       [USA] Special Operations Aviation
SOA
       Spectrographics Oil Analysis
SOAR
       [USA] Special Operations Aviation Regiment. Part of the Army,
       while the SOF is part of the USAF.
SOBT
       [USA] Submarine On-Board Training
SOC
       [UK] Struck Off Charge
SOC
       Section Operations Center
SOCC
       Section Operations Control Center
SOE
       [UK] Special Operations Executive
SOF
       [USA] Special Operations Forces
SOFA
       Status Of Forces Agreement
SOFAR
       Sounding, Fixing, And Ranging
SOG
       [USA] Special Operations Group
SOI
       [USSR] Stratigicheskaya oboronitel'naya initsiativa - SDI
SOJ
       Stand-Off Jammer
SOM
       Stand-Off Missile
SONAR
       Sound Navigation and Ranging. Technique to detect objects under water
       (submarines) using sound pulses.
Sonia
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi Ki.51 attack aircraft.
Songster
       [NATO] Soviet anti-tank missile, AT-8
Sonne
       [Germany] Radio navigation aid. Used post-war as Consol. 
SOP
       Standard Operating Procedure
SOP
       [USA] Senior Officer Present
SOPA
       [USA] Senior Officer Present Affloat
SOR
       [USA] Specific Operational Requirement.
       SOR-49-2   Requirement for the RF-105 derivative of the Thunderchief.
       SOR-182    Requirement for the Lockheed C-141 Starlifter
SOR
       Struck Off Records
SORD
       [USA] Submerged Ordnance Recovery Device
SOS
       [USA] Special Operations Squadron
       21st SOS 'Dust Devils'
SOS
       [Allied] Services of Supply
SOS
       Standard distress signal, ...---... in Morse code.
SOS
       Stabilised Optical Sight
SOSUS
       [USA] SOund SUrveillance System. Large network of acoustic
       detectors, used to track submarines.
SOTAS
       [USA] Stand-Off Target Acquisition System. An EH-60B helicopter,
       with a Motorola search radar under the fuselage. Remained experimental.
Source
       [UK] Attack of X-class midget submarines on the German battleship
       Tirpitz, September 1943.
Southern Breeze
       [Belgium] Logistic support flights for the ships of the Belgian Navy
       in the Gulf, 1990.
Southern Watch
       [USA] Operations from Saudi-Arabia, in the aftermath of the 1990
       Gulf War. Monitored air and ground activity in Iraq, south of
       the 32nd parallel.
South Wind
       [USA] Exercise in the large-scale long-range air transport of Army
       units, 1960.
SOW
       [USA] Special Operations Wing
SOW
       Stand-Off Weapon
--SP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SP
       [USA] Shore Patrol
SPAAG
       Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Gun
SPACECOM
       [USA] Space Command
SPADATS
       [USA] Space Detection And Tracking System
Spandrel
       [NATO] Soviet anti-tank missile, AT-5
Spanker
       [NATO] Soviet ICBM, SS-17
Spanner
       [Germany] IR detectors. Spanner I used an IR searchlight,
       Spanner II used passive detection only. Only Spanner I was
       useful.
SPARK
       [USA] Solid Propellant, Advanced Ramjet, Kinetic energy -- a small
       anti-tank missile with a solid, non-explosive penetrator warhead and a
       solid-fuelled ramjet engine, and a projected speed of Mach 6.
Spartan
       [Allied] Exercise of the Tactical air forces in the UK, March 1943.
SPARTAN
       [UK] Terrain-reference navigation system, developed by GEC-Marconi.
       Cancelled.
Spectra
       [France] Systeme pour la Protection Electronique Contre Tous les
       Rayonnements Adverses. ECM suite for the Dassault Rafale.
Spectre
       [Canada] Contingency plan for the worldwide deployment of Canadian
       aircraft. 
Speedway
       [USA] The 1948 warplan, assuming a war with the USSR.
Spetnaz
       [USSR] Special Forces.
SPG
       [USA] Space Group
Spider
       [NATO] Soviet SRBM, SS-23
Spigot
       [NATO] Soviet anti-tank missile, AT-4
SPILS
       Spin Prevention & Incidence Limiting System, or Stall Protection
       & Incidence Limiting System.
Spin Scan
       [NATO] The R1L radar fitted to some MiG-21 versions.
Spiral
       [NATO] Soviet anti-tank missile, AT-6
Spirale
       [France] Chaff dispenser
SPO
       [USA] System Programme Office
Spoon Rest
       [NATO] Soviet Early-warning radar
Spotter
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 7 March 1942.
Spouse
       [Allied] See 'Flabby'.
Spruce
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Tachikawa Ki.9 trainer
SPS
       Secondary Power System
SPTU
       [UK] Staff Pilot Training Unit
SPTW
       [USA] Support Wing
SPU
       Special Project Unit
SPW
       [USA] Space Wing
--SQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Square Pair
       [NATO] Target-tracking radar for SA-5.
Squid
       [Allied] Anti-submarine weapon for surface ships. Squid launched three
       depth bombs in a pattern.
--SR-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SR
       [USA] Strategic Reconaissance
SR(A)
       [UK] Staff Requirement (Air)
SRA
       Surveillance Radar Approach
SRAAM
       Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile
SRAM
       [USA] Short-Range Attack Missile, AGM-69, a nuclear-headed missile
       carried by the B-52 and FB-111.
SRBM
       Short Range Ballistic Missile
SRD
       [UK] Salvage and Repair Depot
SRF
       [UK] Strategic Reconaissance Force
SRL
       [France] Section Reacteur Leger -- light jet section.
SRS
       [USA] Strategic Reconaissance Squadron
SRTS
       [USA] Strategic Reconaissance Training Squadron
       4029th SRTS 'The Dragon Tamers'
SRU
       Shop Replacable Unit
SRW
       [USA] Strategic Reconaissance Wing
SRZ
       Special Rules Zone
--SS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SS
       [Germany] Schutzstaffel. Protection group. Originally a bodyguard
       organization for the Nazi leaders, but developed into the military
       organisation of the Nazi party. It was even intended to replace
       the Army altogether. 
SS
       [USA] USN: Submarine
SS
       Spread Spectrum. Communications technique that uses wide
       bandwidths to make signals more resistant to jamming.
SSA
       [USA] USN: Cargo Submarine
SSA
       [UK] Supplementary Storage Area.
SSB
       [USA] USN: Ballistic Missile Submarine
SSB
       Single Side-Band
SSBN
       [USA] USN: Nuclear-powered Ballistic Missile Submarine
SSC
       [USA] Supply Systems Command
SSC
       [USA] Surface to Surface missile, Coastal. 
SSD
       [France] Section de Soutien de Dugny -- Dugny maintenance unit
SSD
       [USA] Space Systems Division. 
SSE
       [Sweden] Fly-By-Wire
SSG
       [USA] USN: Guided Missile Submarine
SSGN
       [USA] Nuclear-powered Guided Missile Submarine
SSK
       [USA] USN: Hunter-Killer Submarine
SSKN
       [USA] USN: Hunter-Killer Submarine, nuclear powered
SSKP
       Single-Shot Kill Probability
SSM
       Surface-to-surface missile.
SSN
       [USA] USN: Nuclear-powered (attack) Submarine
SSO
       [USA] USN: Oiler Submarine
SSO
       [UK] Senior Scientific Officer
SSP
       [USA] USN: Vehicle Transport Submarine
SSR
       [USA] USN: Radar Picket Submarine
SSR
       Secondary Surveillance Radar
SSR
       [NATO] SACEUR's Strategic Reserve
SSRN
       [USA] USN: Radar Picket Submarine, nuclear powered
SST
       SuperSonic Transport
SST
       Single Target Tracking
SSTO
       [USA] Single Stage To Orbit. Reusable spaceplane project, began
       in 1957. 
SSTOL
       Super-Short Take-Off & Landing, or: Supersonic STOL.
--ST-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Stabo
       [Germany] Startbahnbombe, Anti-runway bomb.
STAC
       [UK] Supersonic Transport Aircraft Committee. Created in 1956.
STANAVFORLANT
       [NATO] Standing Naval Force, North Atlantic
Stand By
       [USA] Plan to hasten the first flight of the (cancelled) Boeing X-20
       Dyna-Soar I. 1960.
STAPL
       [USA] Ship Tethered Aerial Platform, a small shipboard RPV of autogiro
       design.
STAR
       [USA] Supersonic TAilless Research. Planned development of the
       ACTIVE project. First step will by to reduce the tail surface of
       the ACTIVE F-15 by 50%. 
STAR
       [France] System for Tactical Airborne Reconnaissance.   
STARC
       [USA] State Area Command
Starfish
       [UK] Decoy town, as was used during WWII to detract German
       bombers from their targets. Starfish sites used oil fires to
       imitate a burning target.
Stargazer
       [USA] Balloon flight at high (25000m) altitude for astronomical
       observations. 1962.
Starkey
       [Allied] Exercise of the Tactical air forces in the UK,
       September 1943.
STARM
       [USA] Standard ARM
STARS
       Surface-to-Air Recovery System
STARS
       Surveillance Target Attack Radar System
START
       [USA] Spacecraft Technology and Advanced Re-entry Test. A
       research programme started in 1961.
START
       Strategic Arms Reduction Talks / Treaty
Starvation
       [USA] Mining campaign against Japan. 24876 mines were laid in
       Japanese waters.
Station X
       [UK] The codebreaking unit in Bletchley Park. WWII. 
STAVKA
       [USSR] Supreme Command Staff.
STC
       [UK] Strike Command
STC
       [USA] Supplemental Type Certificate
Steel Tiger
       [USA] (Interdiction missions over) The Southern part of Laos,
       during the Vietnam war. 
Steinbock
       [Germany] IR-homing version of Rotkapchen.
Stella
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kokusai Ki.76 liaison aircraft
Stendal
       [Germany] Anti-jamming system for flak radars.
Sten Gun
       [UK] Sheppard-Torpin Enfield Gun. A simple 9mm submachine gun with
       a range of about 80m.
Stickleback
       [Allied] Shore bombardment weapon. A landing craft carried 1080
       5in rocket launchers, ripple-fired against shore targets.
Stiletto
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-19
Stofl
       [Germany] Stabsoffizier der Flieger --- Air force staff officer.
STO
       Short Take Off
STOL
       Short Take Off and Landing
Stonefish
       [UK] Series of sea mines. 
Storm
       [Croatia] Operation to recapture the Krajina region from the
       Serbs, during the war in former Yugoslavia. 1995.
Storm Shadow
       [UK] Stealthy cruise missile, a development of the Matra Apache.
       Chosen for the British CASOM requirerement. 
Stormy FAC
       [USA] Fast-jet FAC. F-4Ds were used.
STOVL
       Short Take Off, Vertical Landing
Straggle
       [UK-USA] Plan to organize a coup in Syria.
Straight Flush
       [NATO] Radar for SA-6.
Strangle
       [Allied] Bomber attacks on German lines of communication in
       Italy. Ended in May 1944.
Strangle
       [UN] Attack on lines of communication in Korea.
Strassburg
       [Germany] Radio reciever fitted to Fritz-X and Hs 293.
Streak Eagle
       [USA] Program to set all eight time-to-eight records with a modified
       F-15 Eagle, in 1974. The final record was a time of 3 min 27.8 sec
       from standstill to 30000m.
Streamline
       [USA] Proposal to skip over early stages in the development of
       the Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar. 1961.
Strela
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-N-1 (also Scrubber)
Strength Through Joy
       [UK] Hydraulically controlled version of 'Pig Through'. Too
       troublesome to be useful. The name was a Nazi slogan, obviously
       used satirically.
STRICOM
       [USA] Simulation, Training and Instrumentation COMmand of the US
       Army. 
STRIDA
       [France] Systeme de Traitement et de Representation des
       Informations de Defense Aerienne. The communications network
       of the French air defences, linked with NADGE.
Stud
       [USA] Escort and attack missions for fighters of the 8th AF and 9th AF on
       D-day.
STV
       [USA] Steerable Low-Light TV System -- fitted in the turrets under the
       nose of the B-52.
STWA
       [USA] Short Trailing Wire Antenna. For the E-6 Mercury TACAMO
       aircraft; this antenna has a length of "only" 1520m. See
       also LTWA.
Style
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 3 June 1942.
Styx
       [NATO] Soviet surface-to-surface missile, SS-7, SS-N-2
--SU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SUBCAP
       Submarine Combat Air Patrol
SUBROC
       [USA] Submarine launched, anti-submarine missile.
Sugar Charlie
       [Allied] Name used in the Pacific for small cargo ships.
Super Octopus
       [UK] 10 kiloton nuclear warhead, planned for the British version of
       the cancelled GAM-87 Skybolt.
Sunfish
       [UK] Side-mounted avionics steerable ball for Lynx helicopters,
       containing a IR imaging system.
Sun Ray
       [UK] Detachment to Shallufa, in the Suez canal zone.
Sunray
       [UK] Commanding Officer
Sun Run
       [USA] Transcontinental flight by some RF-101C's, one of which made it
       in 3h 7m 43s and another set a roundtrip time of 6h 46m 36s.
Sunspot
       [UK] Bomber exercises over ranges in Libya.
Suntan
       [USA] This secret research programma lead to the design by Lockheed of a
       large, hydrogen-fuelled, high-speed aircraft. It was abandoned during
       contruction of the mock-up.
Sun Valley
       [USA] Modification of a C-130 for SIGINT purposes. Antennas
       were installed in fake, fibreglass "fuel tanks". Seven
       converted. 
Superareo
       [Italy] Air Staff
SURE
       [USA] Sensor Update and Refurbishment Effort, for the RF-4B Phantom II.
SURMAR
       [France] Surveillance Maritime
Surpic
       [UK] Surface Picture
Surprise Package
       [USA] The AC-130A, a version of the C-130 armed with two 20mm
       Vulcan guns and a 40mm Bofors. One built, later AC-130As were
       of 'Pave Pronto' configuration. 
SUS
       [USA] Sound Underwater Signal
Susie
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Aichi D1A dive bomber
Sutton
       [UK] Landing on the Falkland, near Port San Carlos. 21 May 1982.
SUU
       [USA] Suspended Underwing Unit. A subminutions dispenser or gun pod.
       SUU-7	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-10	Subminution dispener
       SUU-11	Pod with the GAU-2 Minigun
       SUU-13	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-14	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-16	Pod with the M61 Vulcan gun.
       SUU-23	Pod with the M61 Vulcan gun.
       SUU-28	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-30	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-31	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-36	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-38	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-50	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-51	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-54	Subminution dispenser
       SUU-58	Subminution dispenser
SUW
       Surface to Underwater Missile
SUWACS
       [USA] Soviet Airborne Warning & Control System
--SV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SVS
       [France] Section de Vol Sportif
--SW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
SW
       [USA] Strategic Wing
SWAARM
       [UK] Smart Weapon Anti-ARMour. SWAARM 2000 is a submunitions dispenser
       developed by Hunting.
SWAM
       Surface Wave Absorbent Material. Applied to reduce RCS. 
SWAPO
       South West Africa People's Organization
Swatter
       [NATO] Soviet anti-tank missile, AT-2
SWERVE       
       [USA] Sandia Winged Energetic Re-entry Vehicle Experiment. A
       classified Mach 14 test vehicle. 
Swift Rod
       [NATO] ILS system carried by many USSR aircraft.
SWIP
       [USA] Systems and Weapon Improvement Programme, for the A-6 Intruder.
SWIP
       [USA] Super Weight Improvement Program, a desperate attempt to reduce
       the weight of the F-111B to make it acceptable for carrier landings ---
       the F-111B weighed 78000lb, while the limit for the USN had been
       55000lb!
Swivel Chair
       [USA] Deployment of C-119s of the USAF to French Indochina, flown
       by American pilots of Civil Air Transport.
SWL
       [USA] Strategic Weapons Launcher
SWNCC
       [USA] State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee.
Sword
       [Allied] One of the landing beaches used for 'Overlord'.
SWPA
       [Allied] South West Pacific Area
--SX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--SY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
SyAF
       [Syria] Syrian Air Force
SYERS
       [USA] Senior Year Electro-optical Relay System. 'Senior Year' is the
       U-2R; SYERS is a CCD-camera, of which the image can be data-linked
       to a ground station.
Symbol
       [Allied] Conference in Casablanca, January 1943.
--SZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       

==T==========================================================================
T
       [USSR] Tyazhely --- heavy.
T^2A
       [UK] Total Terrain Avionics. A terrain-matching navigation
       system.
T45TS
       [USA] T-45 Training System of the US Navy.
--TA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TA
       Target Acquisition
TA
       Terrain Avoidance
TA
       Table of Allowances
Tabby
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Showa / Nakajima L2D transport
TAC
       [USA] Tactical Air Command
TACAMO
       [USA] TAke Charge And Move Out -- aircraft that relay communications
       with the USN's submarines. Actually the name of the VLF radio
       system. EC-130s or the E-6. 
TACAN
       Tactical Aid to Navigation, or Tactical Air Navigation. A
       navigation aid similar to VOR/DME, but operating on UHF waves. 
Tacaud
       [France] Deployment of ground personnel from EC 7 to Africa, in
       1978. The aircraft of EC 7 (Sepecat Jaguars) did not go, because
       they are equipped with secret equipment to deliver nuclear weapons.
TACC
       [USA] Tanker Airlift Control Center, at Scott AFB.
TACCO
       [USA] Tactical Coordinator. Crewmember in some USN aircraft.
TACEVAL
       [NATO] Tactical Evaluation
TACGRU
       [USA] Tactical Air Control Group
Tacit Blue
       [USA] Single-seat technology demonstrator for Stealth Aircraft.
Tacit Rainbow
       [USA] Northrop AGM-136A, a loitering, anti-radiation cruise missile.
TACNAVMOD
       [USA] TACtical and NAVigation MODernization

TACOM
       [USA] Tank-Automotive Command, or Tank-automotive and
       Armaments Command.  
TACOS
       [USA] Tanker Aircraft, Countermeasures Or Strike
TACP
       [USA] Tactical Air Control Party
TACRON
       [USA] Tactical Air Control Squadron
TACS
       [USA] Tactical Air Control System
TACSIT
       [USA] Tactical Situation, of a USN battlegroup:
       TACSIT 1   Exact location of battlegroup known to enemy
       TACSIT 2   General location of battlegroup known to enemy
       TACSIT 3   Location of battlegroup unknown to enemy
TacSupWing
       [USA] Tactical Support Wing
TACT
       [USA] Transonic Aircraft Technology, programme that involved
       the modification of a F-111 to research supercritical wings.
TACW
       [USA] Tactical Air Command Wing
TADIL
       [USA] TActical Digital Information Link
TADS
       [USA] Target Acquisition And Designation System. In the AH-64. 
TADS
       [Germany] Target Adaptive Dispenser System
TAF
       Tactical Air Force
TAG-x
       Aircraft identified at the Soviet airfield of Taganrog were temporarly
       labeled TAG-x were _x_ is a sequence letter.
       Tag-D    =>    Beriev A-40
Taifun
       [Germany] Taifun was a cheap, high-velocity, unguided anti-aircraft
       rocket, in mass production in January 1945.
Tailchaser
       [USA] Investigation into the application of sideward-spointing
       armament. Created the first AC-47 gunships.
Tail Dog
       [UK] Research program for the development of thrust vectoring
       control for missiles.
TAKR
       [USSR] Takticheskoye avianosniy kreyser (tactical aircraft-carrying
       cruiser)
TALCM
       [USA] Tomahawk Air-Launched Cruise Missile. The competition for ALCM.
TALD
       Tactical Airborne Laser Designator
TALD
       [USA] Tactical Air-Launched Decoy
Talisman
       [Allied] Plan for the occupation of Europe after the defeat of
       nazi Germany. Renamed Eclipse. 
Tallboy
       [UK] Streamlined 12000lb bomb, developed in Britain during WWII.
       Tallboy fell at supersonic speed and buried itself deep in the
       ground before exploding. It was designed for near-misses,
       destroying its target by an earthquake effect.
Tall King
       [NATO] Soviet ground-based radar.
Tally Ho
       [USA] Strikes in North Vietnam.
TALON
       Theater Application: Launch On Notice
Talon Vise
       [USA] Renamed 'Frequent Wind'. See there.
TAM
       Tactical Air Meet
TAME
       [Ecuador] Transportes Aereos Militares Ecuatoriana. Air transport
       company, ran by the Ecuadorian Air Force.
Tamoure
       [France] Nuclear test of the AN 11 bomb, 19 July 1966. An air-drop
       near Mururoa.
Tangazh
       [USSR] Pitch. SigInt pack.
TANK
       [USA] USN: Tanker
Tannenbaum
       [Germany] Plan for the invasion of Switzerland, during WWII. 
TANS
       Tactical Air Navigation System
Tanya
       [USSR] Name given to the first Soviet A-bomb. 
TAO
       [USA] Tactical Action Officer
Taran
       [USSR] 'Ramming'. Air-to-air ramming was used in combat in 1941, when
       most Soviet aircraft were obsolete and could not combat the German
       aircraft with normal tactics. It was also used before and after WWII.
TARCAP
       [USA] Target Combat Air Patrol
Tare Baker
       [Allied] Name used in the Pacific for large cargo ships.
TARG
       Telescoped Ammunition Revolver Gun
TARH
       Terminal Active Radar Guidance
TARPS
       [USA] Tactical Air Reconaissance Pod System
TART
       [UK] Tactical Aircraft Refuelling Trailer
Tarzon
       [USA] See VB.
TAS
       [USA] Tactical Airlift Squadron
TAS
       Target Acquisition System
TAS
       True Air Speed
TASES
       [USA] Tactical Airborne Signal Exploitation System. The EA-3B 
       Skywarrior SigInt aircraft.
TASG
       [USA] Tactical Air Support Group
TASM
       [USA] Tomahawk Antishipping Missile
TASM
       [UK] Tactical Air-to-Surface Missile
Tasman Flight
       [UK] Tour of Australia and New Zealand by RAF bombers. 1956.
TASMO
       Tactical Air Support to Maritime Operations
TASS
       [USA] Tactical Air Support Squadron
Taunus
       [Germany] A device against the jamming of radars by Window. 
       Not effective.
TAV
       Trans-Atmospheric Vehicle
TAW
       [USA] Tactical Airlift Wing
Taxable
       [Allied] Operation of aircraft simulating a convoy near
       Cap d'Antifer, as a diversion for the invasion in Normandy.
       6 June 1944. The Lancasters of 617 squadron flew circles
       with a circumference of 22.39km, to simulate a convoy
       with a speed of 6 knots. See also 'Glimmer'.
--TB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TBAP
       [USSR] Tyazhyolobombardirovotschnii Aviatsonii Polk --- Heavy
       Bomber Regiment.
TBD
       To Be Decided
TBF
       [UK] Tactical Bomber Force
TBM
       Tactical Ballistic Missile
TBO
       Time Between Overhauls
--TC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
t/c
       Thickness / Chord ratio
TC
       [NATO] Transit Corridor
TCC
       Traffic Control Center
TCC
       [UK] Troop Carrier Command
TCAS
       Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System
TCP
       [USA] Technical Capabilities Panel.
TCS
       [USA] Troop Carrier Squadron
TCS
       [USA] Television Camera System, long-distance TV cameras to aid in
       the visual identification of aircraft.
TCS
       [USA] Tail Controlled Sidewinder. A proposed upgrade of the AIM-9
       missile with thrust vectoring.
TCW
       [UK] Tactical Communications Wing
TCW
       [USA] Troop Carrier Wing
TC-X
       [Japan] Requirement for a training aircraft for the crews of
       transports. The Beechcraft T-400 was selected. 
--TD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
TD
       Tank Destroyer
TDCA
       [USA] Tactical Deployment & Control Aircraft
TDH
       [Turkey] Turk Donama Havacilik --- Turkish Naval Aviation.
TDM
       Time Division Multiplexing. This means that a line, radio link,
       piece of electronics, etc, is time-shared by multiple users. 
TDMA
       Time Division Multiple Access
TDP
       Technology Development Programme
TDRS
       [USA] Tracking & Data Relay Sattelite
TDY
       [USA] Temporary Duty
--TE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Teal Cameo
       [USA] High-altitude RPV as TR-1 replacement.
Teal Ruby
       [USA] Programme to develop a sattelite to detect aicraft from space
       by IR measurements.
Team Spirit
       [USA] Exercise, deployment to Korea.
TECHEVAL
       Technical Evaluation
TEDS
       [USA] Tactical Expendable Drone System.
Tee Emm
       [UK] Training Memorandum. WWII magazine for British aircrew, with
       a mix of humor and information. 
TEG
       [USA] Test and Evaluation Group
TEL
       Transporter / Erector / Launcher for missiles.
TELINT
       Telemetry Intelligence
Tentara Udara Diraya Malaysia
       [Malaysia] Royal Malaysian Air Force
TER
       Triple Ejection Rack
TERCOM
       Terrain Countour Matching --- Navigation by comparison of
       the terrain with a stored map.
Terec
       [USA] Tactical Electronic REConnaissance sensor with real-time
       datalink capability. Litton AN/ALQ-125 Terec.
TERF
       Terrain (following) flight
TERPROM
       [UK] Terrain Profile Matching
TES
       [USA] Test and Evaluation Squadron
TESAR
       [USA] Tactical Endurance Synthetic Aperture Radar
Tess
       [USA] Codename for the Douglas DC-2 transport, in Japanese service.
TET
       Turbine-Entry Temperature
TEWS
       [USA] Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron
TEZ
       Total Exclusion Zone
Texaco
       [USA] Operations of KB-29 tanker aircraft during the Korean War.
--TF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TF
       [UK] Town Finding. Soon given the less obvious name H2S. 
TF
       [USA] Task Force
TFG
       [USA] Tactical Fighter Group
TF
       Terrain Following
T/FDS
       [USA] Time and Frequency Standards Distribution System
TFR
       Terrain Following Radar
TFS
       [USA] Tactical Fighter Squadron
       136th TFS  'Rocky's Raiders'
       308th TFS  'Emerald Knights'
       336th TFS  'Rocketeers'
       415th TFS  'Nightstalkers'
       416th TFS  'Ghost Riders'
       417th TFS  'Bandits'
       481th TFS  'Crusaders'
TFTS
       [USA] Tactical Fighter Training Squadron
TFU
       [UK] Telecommunications Flying Unit. Research flight of the TRE. 
TFW
       [USA] Tactical Fighter Wing
       4th TFW  'Fourth But First'
       8th TFW  'Wolf Pack'
       33th TFW 'Gulf Eagles'
       37th TFW 'Defender of the Crossroads'
TF/TA
       Terrain Folowwing / Terrain Avoidance radar
TFTS
       [USA] Tactical Fighter Training Squadron
TFTW
       [USA] Tactical Fighter Training Wing
TFG
       [USA] Tactical Fighter Group
TFW
       [USA] Tactical Fighter Wing
TFX
       [USA] Tactical Fighter Experimental. Became the F-111.
--TG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TG
       [USA] Test Group
TGSM
       Terminally Guided Sub Minution
TGT
       Turbine Gas Temperature
--TH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
THAAD
       [USA] Theater High-Altitude Air Defense. The goal is to intercept
       ballistic missiles in space. 
Thalia
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawasaki Ki.56 transport aircraft.
THAP
       [USA] Tactical High Altitude Penetrator. Alledged Nortrop technology
       demonstrator for the (also alledged) stealth reconnaissance aicraft
       TR-3. 1981.
Thelma
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Tachikawa LO transport aircraft.
Theresa
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kokusai Ki.59 liaison aircraft.
THG
       [Netherlands] Tactische Helikopter Groep. Tactical Helicopter
       Group. 
THK
       [Turkey] Turk Hava Kuvvetleri -- Turkish Air Force
Thora
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima Ki.34 transport aircraft.
THP
       Through Hole Plate. A common type of printed circuit board.
Thum
       [UK] Meteorological mission, to do measurents at various
       heights. 
Thunderbolt
       [USA] Joint operation of the USN, USCG, US customs and DEA against
       drug transporting aircraft, in 1981. Seized 45 aircraft in 77 days.
Thunderbolt
       [UK] RAF post-WWII analysis of bombing operations. 
Thunderclap
       [Allied] Bombardment campaign against German cities, early in 1945.
       Halted after the attack on Dresden.
Thunderhead
       [NATO] Exercise to test defence in the North-East Mediterranean.
       1956.
Thunderstick II
       [USA] Modification of the F-105D with a new nav/attack system in a
       dorsal spine.
Thursday
       [Allied] Second operation of the LRP 'Chindits' behind Japanese
       lines in Burma, March 1944.
--TI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TI
       Trials Installation
TI
       Thermal Imager
TI
       [UK] Target Indicator
TIALD
       [UK] Thermal Imaging Airborne Laser Designator. An aiming and
       guidance system for 'smart' bombs.
TIARA
       [UK] Tornado Integrated Avionics Research Aircraft. 
TIAS
       [USA] Target Identification and Acquisition System, fitted to some
       A-6B Intruders for 'Iron Hand' Wild Weasel missions. Texas Instruments
       AN/APS-118.
TIC
       [USA] Troops In Contact
TICM
       [UK/USA] Thermal Imaging Common Module. A British development. 
       The TICM II is already installed in the AV-8B Harrier II. 
TID
       [UK] Trials and Installation Division.
Tien Chien
       [Taiwan] Sky Sword. Missile development part of "An Hsiang",
       the development of the Ching Kuo fighter. 
Tien Lei
       [Taiwan] Sky Thunder. Avionics development part of "An Hsiang",
       the development of the Ching Kuo fighter. 
Tie Rod
       [NATO] Soviet elektro-optical sensor. 
TIFS/ASTTA
       [USA] Total In-Flight Simulator / Avionics System Test and Training 
       Aircraft.
Tiger Claw
      [USA] Detachment of RC-135 tanker aircraft to Korat, Thailand,
      during the Vietnam war.
Tiger Cub
      [USA] Detachment of RC-135 tanker aircraft to Don Muang, Thailand,
      during the Vietnam war.
Tiger FAC
       [USA] Fast-jet FAC. F-E4s were used.
Tiger Force
       [UK] Force created by the UK in 1945 for deployment to the Far East.
       This was made unecessary by the end of WWII.
Tiger Hound
       [USA] (Interdiction missions over) Northern Laos, during the
       Vietnam war.
Tiger-PAWS
       [Norway] See PAWS.
TILS
       Tactical Instrument Landing System
TIMS
       [USA] Training Integrated Management System
Tina
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi L3Y, transport version of 
       the G3M bomber.
TINS
       Thermal Imaging Navigation Set
Tinsel
       [UK] Jamming of German radio communications. The Tinsel equipment
       used a simple transmitter, and a microphone placed in an engine
       nacelle.
TIP
       [USA] TACAMO Improvement Phase
TIR
       Target Illuminating Radar
TIR
       Thermal Imaging Radar
TIR
       Tracking & Illumination Radar
Tirpitz
       [UK] Steep diving half-loop, initiated by a roll-over at the top.
TIRRS
       [UK] Tornado Infra-Red Reconaissance System. Fitted to the Tornado GR.1A,
       this system uses electronic IR cameras.
TIS
       [USSR] Tyazhely Istrebitel Soprovozdeniya --- Heavy escort fighter.
TISL
       [USA] Target Indicator System Laser; the 'Pave Penny' equipment.
TIT
       [USA] Theatre Indoctrinatrion Training -- familiarization flights
       during the first combat operations.
Titanic
       [Allied] Dropping of dummy paratroopers as a diversion during
       D-day, 6 June 1944.
--TJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--TK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
TKA
       [USSR] Torpedniy kater (torpedo cutter)
TKK
       [Turkey] Turk Kara Kuvvetleri --- Turkish Army
TKR
       [Indonesia] Tentara Keamanan Rakyat --- People's Security
       Army. 
--TL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TL
       [NATO] Transit Level
TLAM
       [USA] Tomahawk Land Attack Missile
TLE
       Treaty-Limited Equipment. Equipment that is restricted by the CFE
       treaty. 
TLeLv
       [USSR] Tiedustelulentolaivue
TLP
       [NATO] Tactical Leadership Program.
--TM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TM
       [USA] missiles.
       TM-61 Matador
       TM-76 Mace
TMA
       Terminal Control Area
TMD
       [USA] Theather Missile Defense. The reduce followup to SDI and
       GPALS. 
TMN
       True Mach Number
TMR
       [UK] Thrust Measuring Rig, a crude VTOL craft, powered by two
       Rolls-Royce Nene jet engines, whose efflux was directed downwards.
       Better known as 'Flying Bedstead'.
--TN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
TNI-AL
       Tentara Nasional Indonesia - Angakatan Laut. Indonesian Navy.
TNI-AU
       Tentara Nasional Indonesia - Angakatan Udara. Indonesian Air
       Force.
--TO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
TO
       [USA] Table of Organisation
TO
       [UK] Technical Officer
T/O
       Take Off
Toby
       [USA] Codename for the Lockheed 14 in Japanese service.
TOD       
       Top Of Descent
TODA
       Take-Off Distance Available
TODR
       Take-Off Distance Required
TO&E
       Table of Organization and Equipment
TOF
       Time Of Flight
TOGW
       Take-Off Gross Weight
Tojo
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Nakajima Ki.44 Shoki fighter.
TOM
       [France] Territoire d'Outremer. Overseas territory, with the status
       of an integral part of France. 
Tom Tom
       Project to have a B-29 'carry' a fighter escort, with the weight
       supported by their own wings but the propulsive force generated
       by the bomber. Two F-84s were attached to its wingtips.
Tonga
       [Allied] Airborne operations on D-day, to secure the left flank of
       the British landing sector.
Tonsil
       [Allied] Barrage rockets used against V-1s.
Tony
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawasaki Ki.61 Hien fighter.
TOO
       Target Of Opportunity
Too Right
       [UK] Proving flight to the Far East of Valiant bombers.
Top Flight
       [USA] Altitude record flight by a McDonnell YF4H-1, 6 December 1959.
       98560ft.
Top Gun
       [USA] The Navy Fighter Weapons School at NAS Miramar, California. 
       Training center in Air Combat Manoeuvering. (Unoffical name?)
Top Hat
       [USA] Upgrade programme for the AIM-9 Sidewinder missile.
Top Limit
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1972.
Top Off
       [USA] Training in weapons delivery.
Top Sail
     [NATO] Surveillance radar associated with SA-N-3 Goblet.
Topsy
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Kawasaki Ki.57 transport.
TORA
       Take-Off Run Available
Torch
       [Allied] Invasion of North Africa, 8 November 1942.
TORR
       Take-Off Run Required
TOT
       Time Over Target
Totalize
       [Allied] Attack against Falaise by the Canadian Army, 7 August 1944.
       Halted on 9 August at 16km from Falaise.
Toxic Sweep
       [USA] USN operations to locate barrels with toxic chemical off the
       New Jersey coast. 1992.
TOW
       Take-Off Weight
TOW
       [USA] Tube-launched, Optically-tracked, Wire-guided -- an anti-tank
       missile, probably the most numerous guided missile ever. BGM-71.
Town House
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1969.
--TP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TPP
       [USA] Total Package Procurement. A fixed-price contract for the
       entire design and production of an aircraft type. 
TPS
       Test Pilots' School
--TQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--TR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
TR
       Tactical Reconaissance
TRA
       [USA] Tonopah Range Airfield
TRAC-A
       [USA] Total Radiation Aperture Control-Antenna. Part of a 1983 upgrade
       to the E-2 Hawkeye, that introduced the AN/APS-138 radar.
Trail Dust
       [USA] Escort missions for C-123 'Ranch Hand' defoliation aircraft.
Train
       [UK] Delivery of Spitfires to Malta, 24 October 1942.
TRAM
       [USA] Target Recognition and Attack Multisensor, a sensor package
       carried by the A-6 Intruder.
TRAN
       [USA] USN: Transport Ship
Transits
       [USA] Precursor to GPS.
Transphire
       [UK] TRN / Synthetic Image Enhancement
TRDI
       [Japan] Technical Research and Development Institute
TRE
       [UK] Telecommunications Research Establishment.
TREDS
       [USA] TR-1 Exploitation Development System, a data processing 
       installation at Hahn AB for data acquired by the TR-1.
TRI
       [Indonesia] Tentara Republik Indonesia
T/RIA
       [USA] Telemetry / Range Instrumented Aircraft
Trident
       [Allied] Conference in Washington, 18--25 May 1943.
TRIGAT
       Third Generation Anti-Tank Missile
TRIM
       [USA] Trails, Roads, Interdiction Multisensor
TRIM
       [USA] Training Relation and Instruction Mission, in Vietnam
Trixie
       [USA] Codename for the German Junkers Ju 52/3m transport aircraft. 
       Not in Japanese service.
TRN
       Terrain-Reference Navigation
Trojan
       [USA] The 1952 warplan, assuming a war with the USSR.
Trojan Horse
       [USA] Detachment of U-2 reconaissance aircraft to Vietnam.
Tropic Moon III
       [USA] The B-57G interdiction aircraft, equipped with infrared
       and low light level sensors. 
TRS
       [USA] Tactical Reconaissance Squadron
TRS
       [UK] TOW roof sight, a roof-mounted sight for antitank
       helicopters, developed by British Aerospace. 
TRSB
       Time-Referenced Scanning Beam. The standard MLS adopted by the
       USA and the ICAO. 
TRUCKIN'
       [USA] Fuel transports by air from the UK to France, in late 1944.
       B-24s. Some other materials were also transported, a total of
       9880 tons in 2248 missions.
Trudy
       [USA] Codename for the German Focke Wulf Fw 200 long-range patrol 
       aircraft. Not in Japanese service.
TRW
       [USA] Tactical Reconaissance Wing
Try Add
       [NATO] Ground radar associated with the ABM-1 'Galosh'
--TS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TS
       [USA] Test Squadron
       4450th TS 'Nightstalkers'
TsAGI
       [USSR] Tsentralny Aerogidrodinamichesky Institut --- Central Aero-
       and Hydrodynamic Institute.
TSD
       [USA] Tactical Situation Display
TSFC
       Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption
TsIAM
       [USSR] Tsentralny Institut Aviatsionnove Motorostroeniya -- Central
       Aeroengine Institute.
TsKB
       [USSR] Tsentralnoye Konstruktorskoye byoro --- Central Design Burea.
TSO
       Technical Standing Order
TSOR
       Tentative Specific Operational Requirement
TSSAM
       [USA] Tri-Service Stand-off Attack Missile. Will have a warhead that 
       dispenses guided subminutions. The US Army already abandoned it, Navy
       and USAF continue to support it.
T-Stick II
       [USA] Upgraded F-105D Thunderchief fighter-bomber with all-
       weather avionics.
--TT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
TTAE
       Total Time, Airframe & Engine
TTBTS       
       [USA] Tanker/Transport/Bomber Training System
TTC
       [USA] Technical Training Center
TTF
       Tanker Task Force
TTG
       Time To Go
TTH
       [Europe] Tactical Transport Helicopter. Projected version of the
       NH90.
TTR
       Target Tracking Radar
TTTE
       [NATO] Tornado Tri-national Training Establishment. Set up at
       RAF Cottesmore, UK, in 1981.
T&TW
       [USA] Test & Training Wing
TTW
       [USA] Tactical Training Wing
TTW
       [USA] Technical Training Wing
--TU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
TUAV
       Tactical UAV
TUDM
       [Malaysia] Tentara Udara Diraya Malaysia -- Royal Malaysian Air Force
Tungsten
       [UK] Attack of carrier aircraft on the German battleship 'Tirpitz',
       at Kaatfjord; 3 April 1944.
Turk Donama Havaciligi
       [Turkey] Turkish Navy.
Turkey Buzzard
       [Allied] Towed flight of Airspeed Horsa gliders from the UK to
       North Africa, for use in the invasion of Sicily. 3 June 1942.
Turk Hava Kuvvetleri
       [Turkey] Turkish Air Force
Turqoise
       [UN/France] French intervention in Ruanda, June 1994.
--TV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
TVA
       Tuned Vibration Absorber
TVC
       Trust Vectoring control
TVD
       [USSR] Teatr Voennykh Deistvii - Theater of Operations
TVIR
       TV Infra Red
--TW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
T/W
       Thrust / Weight ratio
TW
       [USA] Training Wing or Test Wing
TW/AA
       Threat-Warning and Attack Assesment
TWF
       Threat Warning Function
TWI
       Threat Warning Indicator
Twin Scan
       [NATO] Radar of the Su-21 'Flagon-E'
TWR
       Threat Warning Receiver
TWR
       aerodrome control ToWeR
TWS
       Track-While-Scan (radar mode)
TWS
       Threat Warning System
TWT
       Travelling Wave Tube, wave generator used in Pulse-Doppler radars.
TWU
       [UK] Tactical Weapons Unit
--TX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--TY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--TZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==U==========================================================================
U
       [USSR] Uluchshennyi --- Improved.
--UA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
UADS
       United Air Defence System of the Warsaw Pact. Became operational
       in 1963.
UAE
       United Arab Emirates
UAEAF 
       United Arab Emirates Air Force
UAS
       [UK] University Air Squadron
UAV
       Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. In the age of political correctness, the
       U is now intrepeted as "uninhabited".
--UB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
UBAF
       [Burma] Union of Burma Air Force
U-boot
       [Germany] Submarine
--UC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
UC
       [UK] University Cadet
UCAV
       [USA] Uninhabited Combat Aerial Vehicle. An UAV suitable for
       combat missions. 
UCMJ
       [USA] Uniform Code of Military Justice
UCS
       Utilities Control System
--UD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
UDF
       Un-Ducted Fan
UDI
       Unilateral Declaration of Independence 
UDT
       Underwater Demolition Team
--UE-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--UF-------------------------------------------------------------------------
UFC
       Up Front Control
UFO
       Unidentified Flying Object
UFO
       [USA] UHF Follow On. A sattelite-based communications system of the
       US Navy. 
--UG-------------------------------------------------------------------------
UGM
       [USA] Underwater-launched, guided ground-to-ground Missile. 
       UGM-27 Polaris
       UGM-73 Poseidon
       UGM-93 Trident
U-GO
       [Japan] Attack in Burma, against Imhpal and Kohima, cities in the
       border region of in India, 1944. Failed.
--UH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
UHB
       Ultra-High Bypass
UHF
       Ultra High Frequency
UHU
       [Germany] Unterstutzungshubschrauber, support helicopter.
--UI-------------------------------------------------------------------------
UIP
       Update Improvement Program
--UJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--UK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
UKADGE
       United Kingdom Air Defence Ground Environment
UKADR
       [UK] United Kingdom Air Defence Region
UKAIR
       [NATO] United Kingdom Air Forces
UKV
       [USSR] Udarnye kosmicheskie vooruzheniya - Space-based offensive
       weapons.
--UL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ULAIDS
       Universal Locator Aircraft Integrated Data System
ULM
       Ultra Light Motorised (aircraft)
ULMS
       [USA] Underwater Long range Missile System. The Trident missile.
Ultra
       [Allied] The decoding of Axis messages. 
--UM-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--UN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
UN
       United Nations
UNACE
       Universal Aircraft Com/Nav Evaluation
United Effort
       [USA] Program to gather data on the SA-2 Guideline SAM missile, by
       making them fire on unmanned recconaissance drones. ELINT aircraft
       wre then able to gather the required information.
UNPROFOR
       United Nations Protection Force. In Bosnia, 1990s.
UNREP
       Underway Replenishment
UNSCOM
       [UN] United Nations Special COMmission.
--UO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
UOR
       [UK] Urgent Operational Requirement
--UP-------------------------------------------------------------------------
UP
       [UK] 'Unrotated Projectile', a codename used for rockets.
Uphold Democracy
       [USA] Invasion of Haiti, 1994, to restore the elected president
       Aristide to power.
UPT
       [USA] Undergraduate Pilot Training
--UQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--UR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Urgent Fury
       [USA] Invasion of Grenada, October 1983.
--US-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
u/s
       unserviceable
USAAC
       [USA] United States Army Air Corps
USAAF
       [USA] United States Army Air Force
USAAS
       [USA] United States Army Air Service. Created on May 24, 1918.
USAF
       [USA] United States Air Force. Created 18 September 1947.
USAFA
       [USA] United States Air Force Academy
USAFC
       [USA] United States Forces in China. (1920's)
USAFE
       [USA] United States Air Force in Europe
USAIC
       [USA] US Army Intelligence Command
USASA
       [USA] US Army Security Agency
USCG
       [USA] United States Coast Guard
USCS
       [USA] United States Customs Service. The 'war on drugs' has caused
       the USCS to adopt military equipment, such as AEW versions of the
       Lockheed P-3 Orion.
USFLC
       [USA] US Foreign Liquidation Commission. Managed stocks of
       superfluous equipment after WWII. 
USMC
       [USA] United States Marine Corps
USN
       [USA] United States Navy
USNI
       [USA] United States Naval Institue
USNR
       [USA] United States Navy Reserve
USNR(R)
       [USA] United States Navy Reserve (Ready)
USNS
       [USA] United States Navy Ship
USS
       [USA] United States Ship
USSOCOM
       [USA] US Special Operations and Combat Rescue Command
USWB
       [USA] United States Weather Bureau
--UT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Utah Beach
       [Allied] One of the landing beaches used for 'Overlord'.
UTT
       [Spain] Unidad de Transicion Temporal --- Temporary Transition
       Unit. 
UTTAS
       [USA] Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System. Replacement
       for the UH-1; the UH-60 was selected.
UTTCo
       [USA] Utility Tactical Transport helicopter Company.
--UU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
UUM
       [USA] Submarine-launched, anti-submarine missile. Subroc is launched
       underwater, breaks trough the surface, travels through air, and then
       drops it warhead into the water. It has a nuclear warhead.
       UUM-4 Subroc.
UUV
       Unmanned Undersea Vehicle
--UV-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
UV
       Ultra-Violet
UV-VS
       [USSR] Upravlenie Voenno-vozdushnikh Sil -- Administration of the
       air force.
--UX-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
U-X
       [Japan] multi-purpose support aircraft requirement for the JASDF.
       The Gulfstream IV was selected. 
UXB
       [UK] UneXploded Bomb.
--UY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--UZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==V==========================================================================
V-1
       [Germany] Vergeltungswaffe 1, 'revenge weapon one'.  Also know as Fi
       103 or FZG 76. The V-1 was a pulse-jet powered flying bomb.  Over
       29000 V-1s were built. About 8000 were fired at London, of which 2419
       hit. An additional 2448 fell on Antwerp.
V-2
       The V-2 was the A-4 ballistic missile. Over 10000 were built. 1120
       launched against England, of a total of 4320 operational firings.
       Range was up to 320 km, but winged developments had a range of 750km
       and the A-10 was a two-stage missile with intercontinental range.
       After WWII the V-2 was tested by the Allied. This included a launch
       from USS Midway, 6 september 1947.
--VA-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VA
       [USA] USN attack squadron
       VA-12   'Clinchers'
       VA-14   'Tophatters'
       VA-15   'Valions'
       VA-27   'Royal Maces'
       VA-34   'Blue Blasters'
       VA-35   'Black Panthers'
       VA-36   'Roadrunners'
       VA-42   'Green Pawns'
       VA-52   'Knight Riders'
       VA-55   'Warhorses'
       VA-65   'Tigers'
       VA-66   'Waldomen'
       VA-75   'Sunday Punchers'
       VA-82   'Marauders'
       VA-85   'Black Falcons'
       VA-85   'Buckeyes'
       VA-86   'Sidewinders'
       VA-87   'Golden Warriors'
       VA-95   'Skyknights'
       VA-95   'Green Lizards'
       VA-97   'Warhawks'
       VA-115  'Arabs'
       VA-115  'Eagles'
       VA-123  'Professionals'
       VA-128  'Golden Intruders'
       VA-145  'Swordsmen'
       VA-155  'Silver Foxes'
       VA-165  'Boomers'
       VA-182  'Golden Intruders'
       VA-185  'Nighthawks'
       VA-176  'Thunderbolts'
       VA-196  'Main Battery'
       VA-205  'Green Falcons'
       VA-304  'Firebirds'
VAAC
       [UK] Vectored thrust Aircraft for Advanced flight control. A Harrier
       testbed, equipped with fly-by-wire controls. 
VADS
       Vulcan Air Defence System
VAID
       [USA] Variable AIr Inlet Duct
VAL
       [USA] USN light attack squadron
       VAL-4  'Black Ponies'
Val
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Aichi D3A dive bomber
Valhalla
       [Germany] Bomber formation. The bomber stream was protected by a
       direct escort, a top cover, and free-hunting fighters up front.
VAMOM
       [France] Visite d'Aptitude a la Mise en Oevre et a la Maintenance ---
       Evaluation of servicing and maintenance.
Vanya
       [USSR] Air-dropped 50 megaton bombr. One was tested on 30 October
       1961.
VAP
       [Russia] Vilivnoj Aviatsionnii Pribor --- Dischargeable Aviation System.
       A system of water tanks installed in the cargo hold of the Il-76 for
       firefighting tasks.
VAQ
       [USA] USN tactical electronic warfare squadron
       VAQ-33  'Firebirds'
       VAQ-34  'Flashbacks'
       VAQ-130 'Zappers'
       VAQ-132 'Scorpions'
       VAQ-134 'Garudas'
       VAQ-137 'Rooks'
       VAQ-209 'Star Warriors'
       VAQ-309 'Axemen'
VAR
       Visual Aural Range Navigation Aid
Varsity
       [Allied] Operations of the 17th US and 6th British airborne divisions
       in support of 'Plunder' (which to see). 23-24 March 1945.
VASI
       Visual Approach Slope Indicator
VASTAC
       [UK] Vector-ASsisted TACtics. A surveillance aircraft continuously
       supplies a vector to the target, guiding attackers to it.
VATOL
       Vertical Attitude Take-Off and Landing
VAW
       [USA] USN airborne early warning squadron.
       VAW-88  'Cottonpickers'
       VAW-114 'Hormel Hawgs'
       VAW-125 'Tigertails'
       VAW-126 'Seahawks'
       VAW-127 'Seabats'
VA(X)
       [USA] USN requirement for a new attack aircraft, in 1957. The
       A-6 Intruder was selected for this.
--VB-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VB
       [USA] Vertical Bomb. VB-1 and VB-2 were free-fall weapons with
       azimuth-only guidance, later VBs had complete guidance. VB-9 to
       VB-13 had annular wings. VB-13 was used on large scale in Korea.
       VB-1 Azon     454kg, used during WWII, used with succes against
		     bridges.
       VB-2 Azon     Similar to VB-1, 907kg.
       VB-3 Razon    454kg
       VB-4 Razon    907kg
       VB-5	     454kg, image contrast ligth seeker.
       VB-6 Felix    45kg, IR seeker
       VB-7	     TV-guidance
       VB-8	     TV-guidance
       VB-9	     Radar homing
       VB-10	     TV guidance
       VB-11	     IR guidance
       VB-12	     Radio control, visual guidance
       VB-13 Tarzon  5443kg
VBF
       [USA] USN fighter-bomber squadron.
VBH
       [Germany] Verbindungshubschrauber. Liaison helicopter. 
V-bombers
       [UK] The Valiant, Victor and Vulcan bombers, which formed the
       nuclear deterrent of Britain in the 1960s.
VBW
       [Germany] Vertical Ballistic Weapon. Automatically fires
       armour-piercing projectiles downwards.
--VC-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Vc
       Design cruise speed
VC
       [USA] USN composite squadron
VCE
       Variable Cycle Engine. 
--VD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VD
       [USSR] Vertikalnye dvigateli, 'vertical engines', i.e. lift engines.
Vd
       Maximum dive speed
VDF
       VHF Direction Finding (station)
VDS
       Variable Depth Sonar (towed on a cable). Enabled ASW vessels to
       detect submarines hiding below thermal layers.
VDU
       Video, or Visual Display Unit
--VE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Vector
       Research programme conducted by Boeing, Saab and DASA,
       investigating now control technologies on the X-31. 
Veli aya Otechestvennaya Voina
       [USSR] Great Pattriotic War, i.e. WWII.
VERTREP
       [USA] Vertical Replenishment --- transport by helicopter of supplies
       to warships.
--VF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VF
       [USA] USN Fighter Squadron
       VF-1   'Wolf Pack'
       VF-2   'Flying Chiefs'      (WWII)
       VF-2   'Bounty Hunters'
       VF-5   'Red Rippers'        (1930s)
       VF-10  'Grim Reapers'
       VF-14  'Tophatters'
       VF-21  'Freelancers'
       VF-31  'Sluggers'
       VF-32  'Swordsmen'
       VF-42  'Green Pawns'
       VF-43  'Challengers'
       VF-45  'Blackbirds'
       VF-51  'Screaming Eagles'
       VF-53  'Blue Knights'
       VF-74  'Be-Devilers'
       VF-80  'Vipers'
       VF-84  'Jolly Rogers'
       VF-101 'Grim Reapers'
       VF-103 'Tomcatters'
       VF-103 'Sluggers'
       VF-111 'Sundowners'
       VF-124 'Moonshiners'
       VF-126 'Bandits'
       VF-142 'Ghost Riders'
       VF-143 'Pukin' Dogs'
       VF-202 'Superheats'
       VF-211 'Checkmates'
       VF-301 'Devial Disciples'
       VF-302 'Stallions'
       VF-513 'Red Rippers'
VFA
       [USA] Fighter-Attack squadron of the US Navy.
       VFA-15  'Valions'
       VFA-22  'Fighting Redcocks'
       VFA-25  'Fist of the Fleet'
       VFA-27  'Chargers'
       VFA-37  'Bulls'
       VFA-81  'Sunliners'
       VFA-82  'Marauders'
       VFA-83  'Rampagers'
       VFA-86  'Sidewinders'
       VFA-87  'Golden Warriors'
       VFA-94  'Nighty Strikes'
       VFA-97  'Warhawks'
       VFA-105 'Gunslingers'
       VFA-106 'Gladiators'
       VFA-113 'Stingers'
       VFA-125 'Rough Riders'
       VFA-127 'Cylons'
       VFA-127 'The Desert Bogeys'
       VFA-131 'Wildcats'
       VFA-132 'Privateers'
       VFA-136 'Knight Hawks'
       VFA-137 'Kestrels'
       VFA-146 'Blue Diamonds'
       VFA-147 'Argonauts'
       VFA-151 'Vigilantes'
       VFA-131 'Wildcats'
       VFA-132 'Privateers'
       VFA-192 'World Famous Golden Dragons'
       VFA-195 'Dambusters'
       VFA-203 'Blue Dolphins'
       VFA-204 'River Rattlers'
       VFA-303 'Golden Hawks'
       VFA-305 'Lobos'
VFC
       [USA] USN Fighter Composite Squadron.
VFP
       [USA] USN photo-reconaissance squadron
VFR
       Visual Flight Rules
--VG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VG
       Variable Geometry
VGO
       [UK] Vickers Gas-Operated gun.
--VH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VHF
       Very High Frequency
VHSIC
       Very High Speed Integrated Circuit
--VI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VI
       [USSR] Vysotny Istrebitel -- High-altitude fighter
Victor
       [NATO] Soviet submarine class
VID
       Visual Identifaction
Views
       [UK] Vibration Indicator Engine Warning System
VIFF
       Vectoring In Forward Flight, use of the vectoring jet nozzles of the
       Harrier to enhance maneuvrability in combat. Never used operationally,
       because the large energy loss outweighs the advantages.
Vigilant
       [UK] Exercise, 1957.
Vigilant Warrior
       [USA] Deployment of US forces to the Gulf Region, late in 1994.
Violet Banner
       [UK] Advanced infrared detector, a development of 'Blue Jay', the
       IR homing system for the Firestreak missile. Remained
       experimental. 
Violet Club
       [UK] 'Violet Club' was an interim megaton bomb, using a "Green
       Grass" warhead and a "Blue Danube" bomb casing. It was a fission
       bomb, not a H-bomb. 
Virazh
       [USSR] Turn. SigInt pack, SRS-9.
VISREP
       [UK] Visual Reporting. 'Eyeball Mk.I' observations by the crew of
       reconaissance aircraft.
VISTA
       [USA] Variable stability In-flight Simulator Test Aircraft, a
       modified F-16.
Vixen
       [UK] Attenuator, fitted to ASV Mk.VI radar sets. On the German
       'Naxos' radar warner, which was called by U-boats, this gave the
       impression that the aircraft did not close in.
--VJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--VK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
VKP
       [USSR] Vozduzhnyi Komandnii Punkt --- airborne command post. As in
       Mi-6VKP 'Hook-B'.
--VL-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VL
       Vertical Landing
VLAGES
       Very Low Altitude Gravity Extraction System. Airdropping at low
       altitude and low speed, without parachutes.
VLCT
       Very Large Commercial Transport
VLF
       Very Low Frequency
VLG
       [Netherlands] VliegtuigGroep --- Aircraft Group.
VLLAD
       Very Low Level Air Defense
VLO
       Very Low Observable
VLU
       [Czechoslovakia] Aviation Research Institute.
--VM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VMA
       [USA] USMC attack squadron
       VMA-224 'Bengals'
       VMA-231 'Ace of Spades'
       VMA-242 'Batmen'
       VMA-322 'Polka Dots'
       VMA-331 'Bumblebees'
       VMA-513 'Flying Nightmares'
       VMA-533 'Hawks'
       VMA-542 'Flying Tigers'
VMA-(AW)
       [USA] USMC All-weather attack squadron. (Numbers: see VMA)
VMAQ
       [USA] USMC attack and electronic warfare squadron.
       VMAQ-2  'Playboys'
       VMAQ-4  'Seahawks'
VMAT
       [USA] USMC attack training squadron.
VMB
       [USA] USMC Bombardment Squadron
VMC
       Visual Meteorological Conditions
VMCJ
       [USA] USMC electronic warfare squadron
       VMCJ-2  'Playboys'
VMF
       [USA] USMC Fighter Squadron
       VMF-111 'Devil Dogs'
       VMF-112 'Wolf Pack'
       VMF-115 'Silver Eagles'
       VMF-214 'Blacksheep'
       VMF-215 'Fighting Corsairs'
       VMF-221 'Flying Falcons'
       VMF-222 'Flying Duces'
       VMF-311 'Hell's Belles'
       VMF-321 'Hell's Angels'
       VMF-323 'Death Rattlers'
       VMF-441 'Black Jacks'
       VMF-513 'The Flying Nightmares'
       VMF-542 'Bengals'
VMFA
       [USA] Fighter-Attack squadron of the USMC.
       VMFA-115     'Silver Eagles'
       VMFA(AW)-121 'Green Knights'
       VMFA-122     'Crusaders'
       VMFA-134     'Hawks'
       VMFA-134     'Smoke'
       VMFA-142     'Flying Gators'
       VMFA-212     'Lancers'
       VMFA(AW)-225 'Vagabonds'
       VMFA-232     'Red Devils'
       VMFA-235     'Death Angels'
       VMFA(AW)-242 'Batmen'
       VMFA-251     'Thunderbolts'
       VMFA-312     'Checkertails'
       VMFA-314     'Black Knights'
       VMFA-323     'Death Rattlers'
       VMFA-333     'Shamrocks'
       VMFA-451     'Warlords'
       VMFA-531     'Grey Ghosts'
VMFAT
       [USA] Fighter-Attack Training squadron of the USMC.
VMFT
       [USA] Fighter Training squadron of the USMC.
       VMFT-401     'Snipers'

Vmo
       Maximum permitted operating speed
VMO
       [USA] USMC observation squadron
       VMO-1    'Yazoo'
       VMO-2    'Hostage'
       VMO-6	'Tomcats'
--VN-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VNAF
       [South Vietnam] Vietnamese Air Force
Vne
       Never to exceed speed (structural limitation)
--VO-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VOD
       Vertical On-Board Delivery
Volant Cross
       [USA] Mission for WC-130 weather reconaissance aircraft,
       gathering weather data for overseas TAC detachments. 
Volant Dew
       [USA] Supply missions to the Dew radar line in Greenland, flown by
       ski-equipped LC-130H aircraft.
Volant Eye
       [USA] Mission for WC-130 weather reconaissance aircraft, to
       monitor hurricanes along the US coastline. 
Volant Forest
       [USA] Fire-fighting program for the C-130 Hercules.
Volant Ghost
       [USA] Mission for WC-130 weather reconaissance aircraft,
       collecting data in regions were there is a lack of ground
       stations. 
Volant Oak
       [USA] C-130 at Howard AFB, Panama, for the US Southern Command.
Volant Solo
       [USA] Psychological warfare version of the C-130 Hercules. The EC-130E
       exists in 'Comfy Levi' and 'Rivet Rider' versions.
VOLMET
       Routine broadcast of meteoroloigcal information
VOR
       VHF Omnidirectional Range (beacon). This beacon system transmits
       a bearing signal, coded relative to the magnetic North. VOR is
       not very accurate, but was widespread because it used to be
       the US standard. 
VORTAC
       VHF Omni Range & Tactical Air Navigation. Combined VOR and Tacan
       ground station. 
--VP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VP
       Variable Pitch (propeller)
VP
       [USSR] Visotny Perekhvatchik --- High-Altitude Interceptor.
VP
       [USA] USN patrol squadron
       VP-8   'Tigers'
       VP-17  'White Lightnings'
       VP-23  'Sea Hawks'
       VP-24  'Batmen'
VPR
       Virtual PPI Reflectoscope
--VQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VQ
       [USA] USN electronic reconaissance squadron.
       VQ-1   'World Watchers'
       VQ-2   'Batmen'
       VQ-3   'Iron Men'
       VQ-4   'Shadows'
       VQ-5   'Sea Shadows'
       VQ-6   'Black Ravens'
--VR-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Vr
       Rotation Speed
VR
       [USA] USN heavy transport squadron
       VR-60  'Volunteer Express'
VR
       Volunteer Reserve
VRC
       [USN] USN Carrier on-board delivery squadron
       VRC-50 'Foo Dogs'
VRF
       [USA] USN ferry transport squadron
VRDK
       [USSR] 'Air-turbocompressor reaction engine', also known as
       'accelerator', an auxiliary reaction engine used in 1945 to increase
       the performance of several fighters with reciprocating engines. Air
       was compressed by an engine-driven compressor, then mixed with fuel
       and ignited.
VRF
       [USA] USN transport wing.
--VS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
Vs
       Stalling Speed
VS
       [USA] USN submarine warfare squadron
       VS-21  'Fighting redtails'
       VS-22  'Checkmates'
       VS-30  'Diamondcutters'
       VS-31  'Top Cats'
       VS-32  'Maulers'
       VS-32  'Norsemen'
       VS-37  'Sawbucks'
       VS-38  'Red Griffins'
VSD
       Vertical Situation Display
VSI
       Vertical Speed Indicator
VSS
       [USA] Variable Stability System. Installed in an SH-60B.
VSSU
       [USA] USN Anti-Submarine Warfare Support Unit
VSTT
       [USA] Variable Speed Training Target: Competition for a traget
       drone, won by the Beechcraft MQM-107 Streaker.
V/STOL
       Vertical / Short Take-Off and Landing
VSWing
       [USA] USN Air Anti Submarine Warfare Support Wing
VSX
       [USA] Requirement, published in 1964 by the USN, for a carrier-borne
       ASW aircraft. This became the S-3 Viking.
--VT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VT
       [USA] USN training squadron.
VT
       [USSR] Voyenniy transport (military transport ship)
VT
       [USSR] Vnutrenniaia Tiurma --- national prison. Used as designation
       for aircraft designed by imprisoned design teams during the
       Stalinist purges. 
VT
       Variable Time (proximity) fuse.
VTA
       [USSR] Voenno-Transportnaya Aviatsiya (Military Transport Aviation)
VTAS
       [USA] Visual Target Acquisition System. A helmet sight.
VTOHL
       Vertical Take-Off, Horizontal Landing
VTOL
       Vertical Take-Off and Landing
VTX-TS
       [USA] Trainer competition for the US Navy, won by the British
       Aerospace Hawk, known as T-45 in USN service.
--VU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vulcan
       [USA] Project name of the 20mm M61 gatling gun, standard armament
       for US fighter aircraft and also used in a variety of other
       land-based, sea-based and land-based applications. Development
       began in 1946.
--VV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
VVS
       [USSR] Voenno-Vozdushniye Sily --- Air force. Formed in 1924.
VVSRF
       [Russia] Voenno-Vozdushniye Sily Rossiskoi Federatsii (Air Forces of
       the Russian Federation)
VVS-VMF
       [USSR] Voenno-Vozdushniye Sily -- Voenno Morskovo Flota. Naval air
       force. Formed in 1924.
--VW-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VW
       [USA] USN Airborne Early Warning Squadron
--VX-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
VX
       [USA] USN Air Test and Evaluation Squadron
       VX-4 'Evaluators'
       VX-5 'Vampires'
VXE
       [USA] USN development squadron
       VXE-6 'Puckered Penguins'
VXN
       [USA] USN Oceanographic Development Squadron
--VY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--VZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
VLU
       [Czechoslovakia] Aviation Research and Test Institute.
VZPU
       [USSR] Vozdushnyi Zapastnoi Punkt Upravlenya --- Airborne Reserve 
       Command Post. As in Mi-8VZPU 'Hip-D'.

==W==========================================================================
--WA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
WAAF
       [UK] Women's Auxiliary Air Force
WAAM
       [USA] Wide-Area Anti-Armor Munitions, a development program for
       anti-tank munitions.
WAATS
       [USA] Western ARNG Aviation Training Site
WAC
       Weapon Aiming Computer
Wacht am Rhein
       [Germany] Plan for the attack in the Ardennes, 1944. Later renamed
       'Herbstnebel'.
WADC
       [USA] Wright Air Development Center
Wa F
       [Germany] Waffenforschung --- Weapons Research (Bureau)
WAGB
       [USA] USCG: Icebreaker
WAGL
       [USA] USCG: Lighthouse Tender
Wako
       [Germany] Waffenausbildungskomponente. Weapon-Trainings Component.
Walk About
       [UK] Non-stop flight from UK to Australia by Vulcan bombers. 1963.
Walkure
       [Germany] WWII. Emergency plan for a possible internal rebellion,
       but used by the leaders of the attempted coup that followed on the
       July 1944 plot to kill Hitler.
Wangani
       [UK] Bombing of targets in bad weather, with the H2S radar set
       used for aiming. The PFF indicated the position of the target
       above the clouds, so that other bombers could aim.
Wa Pruf
       [Germany] Heereswaffenamt Prufwesen --- Test service of the Army
       weapons bureau. 
Warden
       [UK] British part of 'Provide Comfort'.
WARPAC
       Warsaw Pact
WARPS
       [USA] Wing Air Refuelling Pod System
Warschau
       [Germany] Development of a large transport glider, in 1940. This
       programme produced the Me 321 and Ju 322.
WAS
       Weapon Aiming System
WASP
       [USA] Women Air Service Pilot. During WWII, women pilots flew
       auxiliary tasks within the borders of the USA. 
Wasserfall
       [Germany] WWII development programme for a SAM. Abandoned in February
       1945. Wasserfall was steered by radio commands.
Wassermann
       [Germany] FuGM 402 long-range ground detection radar. Range 190km, 
       frequency between 120 and 158MHz. Range precision 300m, angle 
       precision 0.25 degrees.
WAT
       Weight, Altitude, Temperature (factors determining take-off 
       performance)
WAT
       [Poland] Wojskowa Akademia Technicza. Military Technical Academy.
Watchtower
       [USA] Invasion of Guadalcanal. August 1942.
Water Pump
       [USA] Training and combat group of USAF pilots in Laos, in 1964.
--WB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--WC-------------------------------------------------------------------------
WC
       Weapons Controller
WC^3
       Warning, Command, Control and Communications
WCMD
       Wind-Corrected Munitions Dispenser
--WD-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WD
       Weapons Director
WDNS
       Weapons Delivery & Navigation System
--WE-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WE 177
       [UK] Family of nuclear weapons currently in use. Little
       information is available.
Wedgetail
       [Australia] Requirerement for an AEW aircraft.
WEF
       With Effect From
WEG
       [USA] Weapons Evaluation Group
Western Ranger
       [UK] Bombing exercise, over Canada. 1960s.
WEU
       Western European Union (defence organisation)
--WF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WFU
       Withdrawn From Use.
--WG-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WG
       [USA] Wing
--WH-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WHEC
       [USA] USCG: High Endurance Cutter
Whisky
       [NATO] Soviet submarine class. 'Whisky Twin Cylinder' with two deck 
       launchers for SS-N-3 cruise missiles, 'Whisky Long Bin' with four
       internal launchers.
Whisky Sour
       [UK/Australia] Air defence exercise, 1972.
White Lance
       [USA] Improvement of the AGM-12 Bullpup missile. This became the
       AGM-12B. 
White Paper
       [UK] The 1957 Defence White Paper, created by Duncan Sandys,
       that declared that aircraft were made obsolete by the
       development of guided missiles --- a decision that wrecked most
       of the British aviation industry.
White Team
       [USA] Team of two observation helicopters. See 'Pink Team'.
--WI-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WIG
       Wing-In-Ground effect
WIGE
       Wing-In-Ground effect
Wilde Sau
       [Germany] 'Wild Boars'. Single-seat fighters, not equipped with
       radar, operating during the night in WWII. They found their target
       against the bright background of burning cities.
Wild Goose
       [USA] Upgrading of F-106s to the latest production standard, 1960.
Wild Weasel
       [USA] Generic designation applied to aircraft specialized in 
       anti-radar and anti-SAM operations. Wild Weasel 1 was a modified
       F-100. Wild Weasel 1A, 2 and 3 were F-105's. Wild Weasel 4 was 
       a F-4 version.
William Tell
       [USA] Exercise and competition for fighter squadrons at Tyndall AFB,
       Florida.
Willie
       [USA] Conversion of B-17s to unmanned BQ-7s.
Willow
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Yokosuka K5Y trainer.
Window
       [UK] The dropping of aluminium strips by aircraft. The strips
       were cut to match the wavelength of enemy radar that they were
       intended to jam.
Winfly
       [USA] Winter Fly-in. To supply McMurdo Station, the main base
       for US Antartic explorations, on Ross island.
Wintergewitter
       [Germany] The relief operation for Stalingrad.
WIP
       Work In Progress
Wismar
       [Germany] Frequency-agile radar system, developing as a counter
       to British radar jamming. 
WIU
       Weapons Interface Unit
WIX
       [USA] USCG: Training Cutter
Wizzo
       [USA] (slang) WSO
--WJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--WL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
WLA
       [UK] Women's Land Army
WLB
       [USA] USCG: Seagoing Buoy Tender
WLM
       [USA] USCG: Coastal Buoy Tender
WLR
       [USA] USCG: River Buoy Tender
--WM-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WMDP
       Wing Mounted Dispense Pod (for fuel, on tanker aircraft).
WMEC
       [USA] USCG: Medium Endurance Cutter
--WN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--WO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
W/O
       Written Off.
W/Op
       Wireless Operator 
WOC
       [USA] Wing Operations Center
WOC
       War Operations Centre
WOD
       Wind Over the Deck -- of a carrier, of course. 
Wolf FAC
       [USA] Fast-jet FAC. F-4Ds were used.
Workman
       [USA] Development of air bases on Iwo Jima. 1944.
--WP-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WP
       White Phosporus
WPB
       [USA] USCG: Large Patrol Boat
--WQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--WR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
WRA
       Weapon Replacable Assembly
WRAF
       [UK] Women's Royal Air Force
WRAMA
       [USA] Warner-Robins Air Material Area
WRS
       [USA] Weather Reconaissance Squadron
WRSK
       [USA] War Readiness Spares Kit
--WS-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WS
       [USA] Weather Squadron
WSES
       [USA] USCG: Surface Effect Ship
WSIP
       [USA] Weapon Systems Improvement Program
WSMR
       [USA] White Sands Missile Range
WSO
       Weapon Systems Officer
--WT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
W/T
       Wireless Telegrpahy, or Wireless Telephony. Used as a synonym
       for radio. 
--WU-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
WUDO
       [Europe] Western Union Defence Organization. Created in 1948 by the
       treaty of Brussels; precursor of NATO.
Wurzbach
       [Germany] FuSE 67 flak radar. 
Wurzburg 
       [Germany] FuMG 39 short-range ground radar. Wurzburg-A was a
       mobile radar with a 3m parabolic dish. It operated on 600MHz.
       Wurzburg B included an experimental IR detector. Wurzburg-C with
       better direction finder was precise enough to guide nightfighters
       into visual range. Wurzburg-D was even more precise. 
       Wurzburg was also used as coastal radar.
Wurzburg Riese
       [Germany] Giant Wurzburg, a series of bigger developments with
       longer range. The 7.5m parabolic reflector gave it a range of
       70km. Most were fixed installations, but FuSE 65E Wurzburg Riese E
       was installed in a railway carriage. 
Wurzburg Riese Gigant
       [Germany] This was a very big radar with an 160kW transmitter
       (The original Wurzburg had an 8kW transmitter). It did not enter
       production. 
--WV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--WW-------------------------------------------------------------------------
WW
       World War
--WX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
WXR
       Weather Radar
--WY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--WZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==X==========================================================================
--XA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XC-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XE-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XF-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XG-------------------------------------------------------------------------
X-Geraet
       [Germany] Radio navigation  aid. Operated on 70MHz. 
--XH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XI-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XM-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
XO
       [USA] (slang) Executive Officer
--XP-------------------------------------------------------------------------
xpdr
       Transponder
--XQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XS-------------------------------------------------------------------------
XST
       [USA] Experimental Stealth Technology. A Lockheed technology
       demonstrator aircraft, possible a prototype of the F-117.
--XT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XW-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--XZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------

==Y==========================================================================
--YA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yad
      [USSR] Guidance radar for the Kh-22 missile. 
Yankee
      [NATO] Soviet submarine class
Yankee Team
      [USA] Detachment of RC-135 tankers to Clark AFB, Philippines, in
      1964.
--YB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YC-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YE-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ye Ethiopia Ayer Hail
       [Ethiopia] Ethiopian Air Force
Yellow Aster
       [UK] Side-looking reconaissance radar. 1958.
Yellow Gate
       [UK] Loral 1017A ESM pod.
Yellow Grain
       [USA] Modification to the F-100 to cure the flame-out problems of
       the J57 engine.
Yellow Sun
       [UK] Nuclear bomb, a free-fall weapon. The codename refers to the
       bomb casing, the actual nuclear weapon in it was changed at least
       once. The Mk.1 version used the "Green Grass" warhead, the
       Mk.2 used "Red Snow". 
Yellow Veil
       [USA] AN/ALQ-167(V) Jamming pod
--YF-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YG-------------------------------------------------------------------------
X-Geraet
       [Germany] Radio navigation aid. 
--YH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YI-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ying Yang
       [Taiwan] Soaring Eagle. Airframe development part of "An Hsiang",
       the development of the Ching Kuo fighter. 
--YJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YM-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Young Tiger
      [USA] Operations of RC-135 tanker aircraft during the Vietnam war,
      in support of the tactical air forces.
Yo-yo
      [NATO] Radar for SA-1 Guild systems.
--YP-------------------------------------------------------------------------
YP
       [USA] USN: Patrol Craft
--YQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YS-------------------------------------------------------------------------
YSR
       [USA] USN: Seaplane Wrecking Derrick
--YT-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
YTB
       [USA] USN: Large Harbour Tug
--YU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yun Han
       [Taiwan] Cloud Man. Engine development part of "An Hsiang",
       the development of the Ching Kuo fighter. 
--YV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YW-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--YZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
	
==Z==========================================================================
--ZA-------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZAD
       [France] Zone Aerienne de Defense. Air Defense Zone. 
Zahme Sau
       [Germany] 'Tame Boar'. Operating method for radar-equipped
       nightfighters, in which they were guided to the allied 'bomber
       stream', picking and attacking their own targets in it.
Zapadnaya Gruppa Voisk
       [USSR] Western Group of Soviet Armed Forces, in the DDR.
ZAR
       [USA] Zeus Acquisition Radar. Large pyramidal radar used with the Nike
       Zeus ABM missile.
Zaslon
       [USSR] Shield. Radar for the MiG-31. NATO 'Flash Dance'. 
Zaunkonig
       [Germany] T5 acoustic homing torpedo. 
--ZB-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZC-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZD-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZE-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Zeke
       [USA] Codename for the Japanese Mitsubishi A6M Reisen fighter.
ZEL
       [USA] Zero (length) Launch system -- A rocket launch system
       for F-100s that carried nuclear bombs.
Zeppelin
       [Germany] Attempt to assassinate Stalin. A special force was partly
       air-dropped, and partly flown to near Moscow by an Ar 232. They were 
       immediately captured.
Zero
       [USA] Nickname for the Japanese Mitsubishi A6M Reisen 'Zeke' 
       fighter, unofficial.
--ZF-------------------------------------------------------------------------       
ZFW
       Zero Fuel Weight
--ZG-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Z-Go Sakusen
       [Japan] The attack on Pearl Harbour, December 1941.
--ZH-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZI-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Zipper
       [UK] Full-scale invasion of Malaya, planned for September 1945.
Zitadelle
       [Germany] Citadel. Operation against Soviet positions near Kursk,
       July 1943. The battle, probably the largest tank battle of WWII,
       ended in a German defeat.
Zitterochen
       [Germany] Winged, supersonic guided missile, terminated in October
       1944.
--ZJ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZK-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZL-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZM-------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZM
       [USSR] Zagraditel' minniy (minelayer)
--ZN-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZO-------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZOS
       [NATO] Zone of Separation. Corridor separating the former
       combattants, 2km wide in Bosnia. 
--ZP-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZQ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZR-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZS-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZT-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZU-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Zuiderkruis
      [Netherlands] Air component of operation "Kraai".
Zulu
      Greenwich Mean Time. Sometimes also used for any time, other
      than local time! 
Zulu
      [NATO] Soviet submarine class
Zuni
      [USA] Unguided 5in rocket. 
--ZV-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZW-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZX-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZY-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ZZ-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*****************************************************************************
*****************************************************************************


