C Programming Tools

cflow - produce flow graph of C code

Usage:
$ cflow -I../include -DNDEBUG linklist.c

lint - C program checker, produces warnings of potentially bad code contructions

Usage:
$ lint -I../include -DNDEBUG linklist.c

C Source Browsing Tools

ctags - creates tags file for functions and typedefs

ctags [options] file(s)

Usage:
$ ctags *.[ch]		# builds tags file for *.[ch] files

exuberant ctags - creates tags file for functions, structures, typedefs, defines, enumerations, constants, global variables

e_ctags [options] file(s)
--help			show all options
--langmap=<map>		mapping of langguage to file suffixes
-L <file>		<file> containss source file names - means use stdin
-e			build for Emacs

Usage:
$ e_ctags --langmap=c:c.h.pc		# C files can end in c, h, or pc
$ e_ctags *.[ch] ../common/*.[ch]	# build tags for source in . and ../common

How to use tags in vi - run vi in directory which contains file named "tags"

Command line usage:
$ vi -t tagname	# goto tag

Usage in vi:
<ctrl>]			goto tag at cursor
<ctrl>t			return to previous cursor location
:ta tagname		goto tag
 
ID tools - for finding all occurrences of names. Search tools use ID file which must be in current directory or a parent directory. 

mkid [dir(s)]	- build ID database
gid name 	- grep files containing name
eid name	- edit files containing name 

Usage:
$ mkid ../common .	# build ID file
$ gid perror		# show perror occurrences
$ eid max_errors	# edit file with max_errors occurrences

Generic Search Tools

grep/egrep/fgrep - search for patterns

grep [options] expression file(s)
fgrep [options] string file(s)
egrep [options] reg-expression file(s)

-i		ignore case
-v		invert search
-n		print line numbers

xargs - runs a command on files read from stdin

Usage:
$ echo ../src/* | xargs grep "Error"
$ find . -name '*.[ch]' -print |\
xargs grep "Cannot"

Other Information Extraction Tools

ldd - lists shared libraries

Usage:
$ ldd /usr/bin/ls

file - identifies file contents using magic numbers (/etc/magic)

Usage:
$ file *

strings - finds strings in a file

Usage:
$ strings gmdjan