alete yu. win ubol za. ko, sayav asim yu. yatsov vota saba vuh uwosh. zhu zerim ozet. pel uzhbaradheba oyo gura uzh. saya uzhbarabav oduku rat 'laki. etu eluzhbaraba oduku rat 'luki. 'laki olidam za ko ozemgi za. atu lidom asim? kazu, 'luki odishsir. xim lewav umul. xim saya zerimuv ukasi. atu alexe? umexepir. ogel. ka, wobered owebered. eta, alete yu -- 'yikaodarilao laki isapat: ike saya zerimuv uzer. woebi ozet otere ni. atu apum? ---------------------- Here is a simplified Sinnish Grammar. You can find more extensive details at http://www.sinnish.org/wiki/Sinnish Sinnish is generally a SOV language. Participle phrases have a different internal order - VSO. Verbs are inflected for person with the following prefixes. The first is for verbs that begin with a consonant, the second prefix for those that begin with a vowel u-, um- 1st Person a-, al- 2nd person o-, ot- 3rd person Following verbs are a mood marker, indicating how the speaker feels about the activity described by the verb. There is no copula (i.e. no 'to be') so there are verbs that mean things like "to be green" or "to be angry". There are three cases for nouns, nominative, accusative and focal, usually marked with suffixes for the singular: Nominative: no suffix Accusative: -v Focal: -n (If a word ends in a consonant, a vowel is inserted between the end of the word and the suffix - the actual vowel varies from word to word) For plural nouns, the suffix is actually infixed. For words that end with a vowel, a vowel and then the suffix (/dh/ for nominative, /v/ for accusative, /n/ for focal) is inserted after the last consonant in the word. For words ending in a consonant, the suffix then the vowel is inserted after the last vowel in the word. (Once again, the vowel inserted depends on the word and varies) Note that subjects can be omitted if they can be picked up from context. There are no adjectives, per say. Rather, Sinnish uses participles to describe nouns. Participles are formed by adding a prefix onto an inflected verb: nominative no marker accusative v- focal n- Participles follow the noun they modify. For relative phrases, they are made with participles phrases - a participle followed by the subject and object of the embedded sentence. It's followed by a relative pronoun (/dhuh/ for nominative phrases, /vuh/ for accusative phrases, /nuh/ for focal phrases) Adverbial phrases appear after the verb (and after any mood markers). They usually start with a preposition and then a noun or sentence. Proper nouns have an apostrophe (') before them Yes or no questions are created by making a statement and adding the /atu/ particle at the beginning of the sentence. Verbs with the /i/- prefix are commands. Vocab: bol - to write dishsir - to meditate (literally 'quiet-think') duku - to call, to address el- - (prefix) Diminutive, little ere - to change eta - again ete - to be healthy, to be well euh - acceptable mood marker, "It is acceptable" exe - to be happy exepir - to be serene (literally 'soft-happy') gel - to be good gura - in ike - some kasi - to live out, to reside in kazu - at the same time, during this ko - and lewa - emotion, feeling lidom - to sing, the act of singing mul - to share oyo - "There is/are" pel - two pum - to understand rat - by, using saba - god sapat - to listen saya - this sim - to enjoy, to take pleasure in ta - to own, to be of uzh - I (nominative) uzhbaraba - soul (literally 'sky-self') webered - to become enlightened (literally 'holy-learn') win - you singular, focal case wobered - student (one who learns) woebi - speaker of a language wosh - to touch xim - we exclusive (nominative) yatso - heartbeat yu - Hopeful mood marker, "I hope that", "I wish that" za - happiness mood marker, "I am happy that", "I take pleasure in" zemgi - to play, to frolic zer - to forget zerim - story zet - to follow immediately, to be next zhu - my