The Text: Daibe yitusreoman raokae, Daibe-kul-donyoril-kul taeniman raokae. Nyaram, mele-ro nyoruril-kul taenimantas daibe. Taomae-naimae alaouru taman raokae. Mele-ro zaitriman raokae-naime nyo. Ni-raokae leobysuman binao-altaomyn. Taomyn-ro-naimae aon zaitriman Laki. Olumao-taomyn-mi-naimae aon zaitriman Luki. Laki-naim trunymril-ram-kul yaomi-naim aenyr-elberil-ram-kul ilazaeman raokae. Trunymril-kul ilaezaesetasra daibe? Zaemeo-rulbelaman Luki. Aelo-ro nyiroman yaokaeda. Nyo-ro ilunyiman yaokaeda. Ilazaesera daibe? Ryntaoman raokae. Yiril memanra! Aesem, daibe yitusreoman raokae. -- Yikaodarilao Laki Dorunyaera: nyine nyo-ro kemaebaese raokae. Nyo rulaomisetas emylae-doil-ilaetraeril-taeyin. Nyilaem mesetasra? The Translation: I wish you well! (Standard opening in a letter or conversation) I am pleased to be writing to you, and I hope reading this brings you pleasure. I have touched the heartbeat of Harmony. The story is this: Two souls exist within me. This one's name is Laki and that small one's name is Luki. I am amused by Laki's singing and playful movement. Aren't you fond of singing? Meanwhile, Luki meditates. We share this emotion. We live this story. Does this make you happy? It brings me serenity. It's good! Again, I wish you well! (standard closing of a letter or conversation) -- A smiling Laki. Attention: I forgot a portion of this story. The new language speaker may change the story. Easy, isn't it? Darynese Grammar: The overall syntax of Darynse is OVS. The verbs are conjugated based on politeness level and evidentiality. There are four levels of politeness in Darynse. 'Casual' is used for two equals in an informal setting. It is usually only used among family or close friends. 'Polite' is the standard tense for two equals and is the one most often taught to non-natives first. 'Authoritative' is used when the speaker is in charge of the listener -- most often with teachers, bosses, and adult relatives. As for the evidentiality, Darynese verbs can be conjugated based on whether they are positive (the speaker knows this to be true), negative (the speaker knows this to be false) or positive or negative hearsay (the speaker is uncertain of the truth of the statement, but thinks it is either true or false). The tenses listed here are used in the text. Positive-Casual: -man Positive-Polite: -se Positive-Authoritative: -nyae Positive-Hearsay-Casual: -mantas Positive-Hearsay-Polite: -setas /-ra/ is used as an 'empathetic' -- adding it to the end of the verb changes the meaning. For a casually-conjugated verb, -ra simply adds emphasis. For a polite verb, it turns the sentence into a question. . For an authoritative verb, it turns the sentence into a command. The suffix -ril is used to turn a verb into a participle. This also can be used to make compound verbs (riril-tusreo (to want to pilot)) or identifying clauses (ririli-ritryn (the bird that is flying)). Furthermore, it can be used to make a verb an adjective. Adjectives and adverbs proceed the word they modify, and change ending to match the gender of the noun. Darynese has ten genders. The endings are thus: Adult Female: -ai Adult Male: -ao Object: -e Concept: -ae Neuter: (none) Adverbs are left in the root forms. Note that these rules are also used on participles. A noun is pluralized by attaching /al-/ to it as a prefix. An indirect object is indicated by the suffix /-kul/and is usually attached to the verb. A noun can be turned into an adjective (if an adjective doesn't exist already) by adding the possessive -naim. Darynese has a system to indicate identifying pronouns, which is as follows: This: -ro That: -mi Vocabulary Used: aelo: emotion aesem: again aenyr: playful, carefree, idle alaouru: heartbeat, pulse aon: name bin: two daibe: second person adult female singular pronoun (you) doil: language donyo: to write doru: to see elbe: to run, to walk, to travel -- encompasses most movement verbs emyl: new ilaetrae: to speak, to talk ilazae: to feel joy ilunyi: to live, to experience kemaebae: to forget leobysu: to have, to exist, to possess me: to be (used to connect an adjective to a noun) mele: object, thing ni: in, on nyaram: and (joins clauses or sentences) nyilaem: simple, easy nyin: a part of, a portion of nyiro: to empathize, to share (an emotion) nyo: parable, fable, legend, usually based on a true story, if not true itself nyoru: to read olum: small raokae: first person adult male singular pronoun (I) -ram: and (used to connect nouns or adjectives) rulaomi: to change rulbela: to meditate ryntao: to feel serene ta: to touch taeni: to take pleasure in company taeyin: person taomae: Harmony, Balance. The chief deity of the major Darynese religion. taomyn: spirit, soul, deceased ancestor trunym: to sing, to chant, to create music yaokaeda: 1st person exclusive adult male plural pronoun (we) yikaoda: to smile yiril: good yitusreo: to wish well. Used in Darynese greetings and goodbyes zaemeo: simultaneously zaitri: to be (used to connect two nouns or phrases)