| CRUCIFIXION I� ENDNOTES OF SCHOLARLY SOURCES {Where Document name is cited first, it is Quoted} |
| [1]������ THE BIBLE, MARK 15:25 - They nailed him up at nine o'clock in the morning. |
| [2]������ THE BIBLE, 1 PETER 2:24a; 2 CORINTHIANS 5:21 [NIV]; Romans 3:23; 6:23 [NIV] - He used his servant body to carry our sins to the Cross....God made him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God....for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God....For the wages of sin is death. |
| [3]������ THE BIBLE, LUKE 7:11-17; See also VOL. III, HEARTS AFIRE, "Interrupted Funeral" |
| [4]������ THE BIBLE, LUKE 8:41-56; See also VOL. IV, FOLK HERO, "Desperation Point" |
| [5]������ THE BIBLEJOHN 10-11;� See also VOL. V, FLOOD GATES, "Portals of Paradise" |
| [6]������ THE BIBLE, JOB 1:21 - "I came naked from my mother's womb," he said, "and I shall have nothing when I die.� The Lord gave me everything I had, and they were his to take away.� Blessed be the name of the Lord." |
| [7]������ Everything in italics said by Jesus in this story are not from the Bible and are not to be construed as Biblical.� They are brief interjections of what the author thinks he might have said. |
| [8]������ THE BIBLE, MARK 15:23; PSALM 69:20-21 [PREDICTED 1000 YEARS BEFORE JESUS] - They offered him a mild painkiller (wine mixed with myrrh), but he wouldn't take it....Their contempt has broken my heart; my spirit is heavy within me.� If even one would show some pity, if even one would comfort me!� For food they gave me gall; for my awful thirst they offered vinegar. |
| [9]������ Despite what famous artists have portrayed through the centuries, those crucified were placed just a few inches off the ground, thus making it easier for taunting from onlookers. |
| [10]����� THE BIBLE, GENESIS 3:14a, 15b [PREDICTED ABOUT 4000 YEARS BEFORE JESUS] - So the Lord God said to the serpent [Satan], "This is your punishment....You will strike his [Savior's] heel, but he will crush your head." |
| [11]����� THE BIBLE, LUKE 23:34a - Jesus prayed, "Father, forgive them; they don't know what they're doing." |
| [12]����� INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BIBLE ENCYCLOPEDIA, "Tetanus not rarely supervened and the rigors of the attending convulsions would tear at the wounds and add to the burden of pain....sufferings were frightful." |
| [13]����� THE BIBLE, LUKE 23:36-37 - The soldiers also came up and poked fun of him, making a game of it.� They toasted him with sour wine:� "So you're King of the Jews!� Save yourself!" |
| [14]����� THE BIBLE, JOHN 19:23-24a; PSALM 22:18 [PREDICTED 1000 YEARS BEFORE JESUS] - When they crucified him, the Roman soldiers took his clothes and divided them up four ways, to each soldier a fourth.� But his robe was seamless, a single piece of weaving, so they said to each other, "Let's not tear it up.� Let's throw dice to see who gets it."� ...they divide my clothes among themselves by a toss of the dice. |
| [15]����� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 27:36 [NIV] - And sitting down, they kept watch over him there. |
| [16]����� FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS, AGAINST APION, I:22; WARS OF THE JEWS, BK 6, 9:3 - Jerusalem...is inhabited by a hundred and twenty thousand men [plus women and children equals nearly half a million people]....Upon coming of their feast which is called the Passover....two millions seven hundred thousand and two hundred persons. |
| [17]����� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 27:39 - People passing along the road jeered, shaking their heads in mock lament. |
| [18]����� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 27:40 - "You bragged that you could tear down the Temple and then rebuilt it in three days ~ so show us your stuff!� Save yourself!� If you're really God's Son, come down from that cross!" |
| [19]����� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 27:44 - Even the two criminals crucified next to him joined in the mockery. |
| [20]����� THE MERCK MANUAL - The incubation period for Tetanus is about two days and up.� Progression of symptoms is rapid.� It initiates in the head usually, but can initiate in the feet.� Stiffness of arms or legs, headache, fever, chills, convulsions are initial symptoms. |
| [21]����� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 27:41-43 - The high priests, along with the religion scholars and leaders, were right there mixing it up with the rest of them, having a great time poking fun at him:� "He saved others ~ he can't save himself!� King of Israel, is he?� Then let him get down from that cross.� We'll all become believers then!� He was so sure of God ~ well, let him rescue his 'Son' now ~ if he wants him!� He did claim to be God's Son, didn't he?" |
| [22]����� THE BIBLE, LUKE 3:23 - When Jesus entered public life he was about thirty years old. |
| [23]����� THE BIBLE, PHILIPPIANS 1:15-18 - It's true that some here preach Christ because with me out of the way, they think they'll step right into the spotlight....So how am I to respond?� I've decided that I really don't care about their motives, whether mixed, bad, or indifferent.� Every time one of them opens his mouth, Christ is proclaimed, so I just cheer them on! |
| [24]����� This Persian word, paradise, means walled in(para-) place (-dise), and can also be translated garden.� Jesus was buried in a garden (John 19:41).� But Jesus meant more than that.� In Greek, garden is "kopos;" a protected hollowed-out place is "kolpos."� Luke 17:22-23 refers to the "kolpos" of Abraham, translated the bosom of Abraham where the good go.� It is separated from hades where the bad go by a great gulf that neither one can ever cross (Luke 17:24-26).� Later, after Jesus rose from the dead, he went to the "kolpos" of God (John 1:18).� Most students of the Bible believe paradise is a kind of foyer to heaven, and hades a kind of foyer to hell.� It's as though guilt or innocence is determined at death, but another day is set for final sentencing or rewarding. |
| [25]���� See also VOL. I, ANGELS' SONG, "Sister, Aunt, Forever Friend" |
| [26]����� THE BIBLE, LUKE 2:21, 34-35 - When the eighth day arrived...the child was named Jesus....Simeon went on to bless them, and said to Mary his mother, "This child marks both the failure and the recovery of many in Israel, a figure misunderstood and contradicted ~ the pain of a sword-thrust through you ~ but the rejection will force honesty, as God reveals who they really are." |
| [27]����� THE BIBLE, JOHN 19:25-27 - While the soldiers were looking after themselves, Jesus' mother, his aunt, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene stood at the foot of the cross.� Jesus saw his mother and the disciple he loved standing near her.� He said to his mother, "Woman, here is your son."� Then to the disciple, "Here is your mother." From that moment the disciple accepted her as his own mother. |
| [28]����� THE BIBLE, MARK 15:33; AMOS 8:9 [PREDICTED 750 YEARS BEFORE JESUS] - At noon the sky became extremely dark.� The darkness lasted three hours....At that time I will make the sun go down at noon and darken the earth in the daytime. |