16-Merchants-Bankers-Widow-Endnotes

MERCHANTS,BANKERS & WIDOW� ENDNOTES OF SCHOLARLY SOURCES

{Where Document name is cited first, it is Quoted]

[1]�� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 23:15b - "You go halfway around the world to make a convert."

[2]�� One shekel was worth about four of today's dollars.� The Jews used shekels when dealing with the Jewish religious/political government.� Otherwise they used coins minted by Rome and local procurators and governors such as drachmi.

[3]�� SEE ALSO VOLUME IV, FOLK HERO, "Cosmic Chaos."

[4]�� This figure is based on a census taken by Moses confirming 601,730 men (wage earners, and therefore tax payers), not counting priests and Levites who were supported by the people.

[5]�� THE BIBLE, DEUTERONOMY 14:28-29 - At the end of every three years, bring all the tithes of that year's produce and stored it in your towns, so that the Levites (who have no allotment or inheritance of their own) and the aliens, the fatherless and the widows who live in your towns may come and eat and be satisfied.

[6]�� SEE ALSO VOLUME II, DREAM MAKER, "Unorthodox Orthodox" and VOLUME VII, STAR SONG, "Sleeping Giant"

[7]�� FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS, ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS, BK. 18, 2:2 - Tiberius [Caesar]...sent Valerius Gratus...procurator of Judea....deprived Ananus of the highpriesthood, and appointed Ismael...to be high priest.� He also deprived him in a little time, and ordained Eleazar, the son of Ananus who had been high priest before, to be high priest; which office when he had held for a year, Gratus deprived him of it, and gave the high priesthood to Simon...and when he had possessed that dignity no longer than a year Joseph Caiaphas was made his successor.� When Gratus had done those things, he went back to Rome...when Pontius Pilate came as his successor.

[8]�� THE BIBLE, LUKE 3:1-2 - In the fifteenth year of the rule of Caesar Tiberius ~ it was while Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea; Herod, ruler of Galilee; his brother Philip, ruler of Iturea and Trachonitis; Lysanias, ruler of Abilene; during the Chief-Priesthood of Ananas and Caiaphas ~ John, Zachariah's son, out in the desert....

[9]�� THE BIBLE, I KINGS 6:21 - Solomon covered the inside of the temple with pure gold.

[10]�� THE BIBLE, EXODUS 12:3-4, 13 - "On the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb for his family....If any household is too small for a whole lamb, they must share one with their nearest neighbor....When I see the blood, I will pass over [Passover] you."

[11]�� THE BIBLE, EXODUS 30:12-13 - When you take a census...each one must pay...a half shekel [$2.00].

[12]�� THE BIBLE, NUMBERS 18:15-16 - You must redeem every firstborn son....When they are a month old, you must redeem them at the redemption price set at five shekels [$20] of silver, according to the sanctuary shekel.

[13]�� THE BIBLE, LEVITICUS 2:1, 4, 14; 10 - When someone brings a grain offering to the Lord...of fine flour...pour oil on it....If you bring a grain offering baked in an oven....If you bring a grain offering of firstfruits....the rest of the grain offering belongs to Aaron and his sons [priests].

[14]�� THE BIBLE, LEVITICUS 7:12, 17, 8:31 - If he offers it as an expression of thankfulness...cakes of bread....meat...must be eaten on the day it is offered....Cook the meat at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting [later, the Temple] and eat it there with the bread from the basket of ordination offerings.

[15]�� THE BIBLE, LEVITICUS 27:2-4 - If anyone makes a special vow to dedicate persons to the Lord...a male...fifty shekels [$200]...a female...thirty shekels [$120].

[16]�� FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS, ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS, BOOK 14, 7:2 - No wonder there was so much wealth in our temple, since all the Jews throughout the habitable earth...even those of Asia and Europe, sent their contributions to it, and this from very ancient times.

[17]�� THE BIBLE, JOHN 2:13 - When the Passover Feast, celebrated each spring by the Jews, was about to take place, Jesus traveled up to Jerusalem.

[18]�� THE BIBLE, ZECHARIAH 7:11-13 - Take the silver and gold and make a crown, and set it on the head of the high priest....Here is the man whose name is the Branch....And he will be a priest on his throne.� And there will be harmony between the two.

[19]�� THE BIBLE, JOHN 2:14 - He found the Temple teeming with people selling cattle and sheep and doves.� The loan sharks also were there in full strength.

[20]�� THE BIBLE, JOHN 2:15 - Jesus put together a whip out of strips of leather and chased them out of the Temple, stampeding the sheep and cattle, upending the tables of the loan sharks, spilling coins left and right.

[21]�� THE BIBLE, JOHN 2:16-17 - He told the dove merchants, "Get your things out of here!� Stop turning my Father's house into a shopping mall!"� That's when his disciples remembered the Scripture, "Zeal for your house consumes me."

[22]�� THE BIBLE, JOHN 2:18 - But the Jews were upset.� They asked, "What credentials can you present to justify this?"

[23]�� THE BIBLE, JOHN 2:19 - Jesus answered, "Tear down this Temple and in three days I'll put it back together in three days.."

[24]�� THE BIBLE, JOHN 2:20 - They were indignant:� "It took forty-six years to build this Temple, and you're going to rebuild it in three days?"

[25]�� THE BIBLE, JOHN 2:21-22 - But Jesus was talking about his body as the Temple.� Later, after he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered he had said this.� They then put two and two together and believed both what was written in Scripture and what Jesus had said.

[26]�� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 21:5, 9-10 - "Look, your king's on his way, poised and ready, mounted on a donkey, on a colt, foal a pack animal."...Crowds went ahead and crowds followed, all of them calling out, "Hosanna to David's son!"...Unnerved, people were asking, "What's going on here?� Who is this?"

[27]�� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 21:12-13 - Jesus went straight to the Temple and threw out everyone who had set up shop, buying and selling.� He kicked over the tables of loan sharks and the stalls of dove merchants.� He quoted this text:� "My house was designated a house of prayer; you have made it a hangout for thieves."

[28]�� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 21:18a, 23a - Early the next morning Jesus was returning to the city....Then he was back in the Temple, teaching.

[29]�� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 21:23b - The high priests and leaders of the people came up and demanded, "Show us your credentials.� Who authorized you to teach here?"

[30]�� THE BIBLE, LUKE 21:1 - Just then he looked up and saw the rich people dropping offerings in the collection plate.

[31]�� THE BIBLE, LUKE 21:2 (NIV) - He also saw a poor widow put in two very small copper coins.� [NOTE:� She put in two "mites" each with a current value of about five cents.]

[32]�� THE BIBLE, LUKE 21:3 - He said, "The plain truth is that this widow has given by far the largest offering today."

[33]�� THE BIBLE, LUKE 21:4 - "All these others made offerings that they'll never miss; she gave extravagantly what she couldn't afford ~ she gave her all!"

[34]�� THE BIBLE, JOHN 14:1-3 [KJV] - "Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe also in me.� In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you.� I go to prepare a place for you.� And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also."

[35]�� THE BIBLE, MATTHEW 6:1,2; 19-21 [NIV] - "Be careful not to do your acts of righteousness before men, to be seen by them.� If you do, you will have no reward from your Father in heaven.� So when you give to the needy, do not announce it....I tell you the truth, they have received their reward in full....Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth where moth and rust destroy and where thieves break in and steal.� But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven....For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also."

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